2023年研究生類會計碩士聯(lián)考(mpacc)英語(二)歷年高頻考題帶答案難題附詳解

2023年研究生類會計碩士聯(lián)考(mpacc)英語(二)歷年高頻考題帶答案難題附詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）第1卷一.歷年考點試題黑鉆版(共25題)1.Directions:

Supposeyouhavefoundsomethingwrongwiththeelectronicdictionarythatyouboughtfromanon-linestoretheotherday.Writeanemailtothecustomerservicecenterto

1)makeacomplaint,and

2)demandapromptsolution.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSERESHEET2.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use“ZhangWei”instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.2.Myideatochangetheworldforthebetteristoabolishmoney.That'stechnicallyveryeasyandpossiblealready.Wehaveplasticcardsonwhichwecanstoremoney.WehaveInternetbankaccountsthroughwhichwecanmaketransfersandactuallywecarryaroundmobilephonesallofusthathavesmartcardsonthemthatwecantransfermoney,too.Soit'stechnologicallypossible.Ifwedidit,wewouldbeabletodowithoutwalletsandpursesandthatwouldsaveusquitealotofbother.Butthelargereffectswouldbetransformingthekindofsocietyinwhichwelive,andinparticular,makingusallmoresecureandbluntlyallmorehonest.There'snopointinrobbingbanksormuggingpeopleiftheydon'thaveanymoney,andrightmorethanthat,eventhingsthataren'tformoney,crimeformoney,typicallyusesmoney.I'mtoldtherearenotmanydrugdealersthatacceptcreditcardsorcheques,forexample.

Notes：

(1)abolish放棄，廢除

(2)bluntly直率地，坦白地

(3)mug(俚語)愚弄，欺騙3.Directions:

Inthispart,youareallowedtowritealettertoMr.Li,yourfriendwhoisgoingtovisityouduringvacation.Youshouldwritehimaletter

1)toexpressthewelcome;

2)tosuggesttheplanaboutthevisit;

3)toremindwhattodowhenhevisits.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.

Donotwriteyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use"ZhangWei"instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.4.WiththepopularityoftheInternet,moreandmorepeopledoshoppingonline.Serialreturnerreferstosomeonewhoregularlyordersmorethantheyneedandsendssomeoftheitemsback.Threeintenshoppersdeliberatelyover-purchaseandsubsequentlyreturnunwanteditems,withoneinfiveadmittingtoorderingmultipleversionsofthesameitemtomakeuptheirmindathome—safeintheknowledgetheycanchoosefromtheever-growingnumberofwaystoquicklyandeasilysenditemsback.

Shoppershavealsocometoexpectgoodvalueregardlessofwhetherthey'remakingapurchaseorareturn.Sixintensayaretailer'sreturnspolicyimpactstheirdecisiontomakeapurchaseonline,andalmosthalfofthesewouldnotorderanitemiftheyhadtofundthecostofsendingitbackfromtheirownpocket.Serialreturnerssaidtheywouldsendbackfewerpurchasesifbusinessesweretostandardizeclothingandshoesizes.5.Directions:

Inthispart,youareallowedtowritealettertoexpressyourthanksforyourfriend'skindness.Writehim/heraletterto

1)saysomethingaboutthereasonssimply;

2)offeryourthankstoyourfriendandhopetohaveachancetoreturn.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use"ZhangWei"instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.6.Halltowellarguesinhisnewbook,DriventoDistractionatWork:HowtoFocusandBeMoreProductive,thatwhenyoufeelrealorimaginedconcernspilingon,sharethemwithafriend,andthere'sabetterchancethataimlessanxietywillchangeintoproblem-solving.Hebelievesthatworryingaloneisoneofthemajorreasonsthatpeoplecan'tfocus,bothatworkandelsewhereintheirlives.

Worryingalonedoesnothavetobetoxic,butittendstobecometoxicbecauseinisolationweloseperspective.Wetendtoglobalize,catastrophize,whennooneistheretoactasarealitycheck.Ourimaginationsrunwild.

Indeed,SamuelJohnson,asevereworrierhimself,calledworrya"diseaseoftheimagination".Whenweworryalonewerisklosingtouchwithreality,becomingparalyzedinworry,makingbaddecisions,andevengettingsick,astoxicworrydepressesimmunefunction.7.Exercisehasinnumerablehealthbenefits,butlosingweightmaynotbeamongthem.Aprovocativenewstudyshowsthatasubstantialnumberofpeoplewhotakeupanexerciseregimenwindupheavierafterwardthantheywereatthestart,withtheweightgainduemostlytoextrafat,notmuscle.

Butthestudyalsofinds,forthefirsttime,thatonesimplestrategymayimprovepeople'soddsofactuallydroppingpoundswithexercise.

Asweallknow,thefundamentalsofweightlossshouldbesimple.Burnmorecaloriesonanygivendaythanyouconsumeand,overtime,youwillloseweight.Theoretically,wecanachievethatdesirableconditionbyreducingthenumberofcaloriesthatwetakeinthroughdietingorbyincreasingthenumberofcaloriesthatweconsumethroughexercise.Butinreality,mostpeopledonotachieveorsustainweightloss,nomatterwhatmethodtheytry.8.Directions:

Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingtable.Inyourwriting,youshould

1)interpretthetable,and

2)giveyourcomments.

Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.

不同員工忠誠度的影響因素

9.Collegedoesn'talwaysprepareyouforlifeaftergraduation.Youarethrustintotheworldandtaskedwiththechallengeoffiguringouthowtoliveonyourown.Yourearlytwentiesareatimetotakerisks,trynewthings,anddiscoveryourpassions.Don'tworrysomuchaboutnothavingaconcreteplan,andnowisthetimewhenyoucanexperimentandfindyourtrueskillsandinterests.Whilemakingmoneyimmediatelymightseemimportant,yourearlytwentiesareoneofthebesttimesforexploringdifferentcareerpathsandplanningoutaroadmapforyourfuture.Onceyougraduatecollege,youwillnolongerbesurroundedbyyourpeersatallhoursoftheday.Meetingnewpeopleismorechallengingandrequiresmoreeffortthanitdidduringcollege.Becauseofthis,it'softengoodtorememberthatbeingfriendlyisthebestwaytomeetnewpeople.Takeinterestinthelivesofyourcoworkersandpeoplearoundyou,andbewillingtomakenewconnections.10.Twotothreetimesmorepeopledieinalcohol-relatedvehiclecrashesduringthattimethanduringcomparableperiodstherestoftheyear,theNationalInstituteonAlcoholAbuseandAlcoholismsays.And40%oftrafficfatalitiesduringwinterholidaysinvolvedanalcohol-impaireddriver,comparedwith28%forotherdatesinDecember.

Fuelingtheunderagedrinkingproblem,especiallyatthistimeoftheyear,is"acombinationofgreateraccesstoalcohol,lessparentaloversightandmixedmessages"aboutcelebratingwithalcohol,Delanysays.Youngpeoplearetold"don'tdrink,don'tdothat,butineverythirdcommercialinrecentweeks,weseesomethinglinkedtoalcoholanddrinking,"hesays.Andthere'salsotheissueof"whatkindofmessageparentsmaygive,"Delanyadds."Maybethey'redrinkingalot.Kidsseethatit'sOK."Whatisneededisalong-termmessage"thatunderagedrinkingisnotOK,"hesays."Butadolescentsdon'tdowellwith'Justsayno.'Wehavetofindwaystohelpyoungpeoplemakegooddecisions."

注釋：

(1)comparablea.由詞根comparev.變化詞尾而來，英語后綴-ble，-able變化的形容詞都有被動含義，翻譯時可考慮譯成動詞

(2)fatalityn.(由意外或災(zāi)禍導(dǎo)致的)死亡

(3)alcohol-impaired由連字符連接的合成詞連字符前后沒有修飾關(guān)系，impaired為過去分詞，有被動意，可翻譯成“酗酒導(dǎo)致的”

(4)combinationn.結(jié)合v.combine結(jié)合

(5)commercialn.商業(yè)廣告，由commerce一詞變化而來

(6)adolescentn.青少年

(7)oversightn.失察、疏忽和小心照顧，根據(jù)語境這里取小心照顧之意11.Directions:

SupposeyourfriendZhangWeiasksyoutorecommendhimforajobpositioninyourcompany.WriteanemailtotheHRofyourcompanyto

1)statehowwellyouknowyourfriend,and

2)describetheprofessionalqualificationsofthecandidate.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.

Donotuseyourownname.Use"LiMing"instead.

Donotwriteyouraddress.12.Directions:

Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchart.Inyouressay,youshould

1)interpretthechart,and

2)giveyourcomments.

Youshouldwriteatleast150words.

WriteyouressayontheANSWERSHEET.

2015年第三季度～2016年第二季度微信活躍用戶數(shù)量變化13.Winningisoftentheresultofpersistence,ofnotgivingupwhenyourgoalappearstobeinjeopardy."Whenyouadopttheattitudethatifyoudosomethingitwillmakeadifference,that'sconfidence,"RosabethMossKanter,authorofthebestsellingbookConfidencesays."Lookatyoursituationandthinkofyourselfasbeinginthemiddleofit.Thestoryisrarelyover,evenwhenthegreatmajoritythinkitis—somethingeverysportsfanknows."

KickerAdamVinatierihelpedtheNewEnglandPatriotsfootballteamdefeattheMiamiDolphins27—24onDecember29,2002,whenhekickeda42-yardfieldgoalinthefinalseconds,aftermanyspectatorshadalreadygotupfromtheirseatstomaketheirwayoutofthestadium.Thiseventgotfanssaying,"It'snotoveruntilVinatierikicks."Sureenough,inthe2004SuperBowl,Vinatierikickedthegame-winningpointsforthePatriotsinthefinalfewseconds.

Certainly,therewillstillbemomentsandsituationsthatjustaren'tgoingtogoyourway,andthisisthetimewhenconfidenceneedstobetemperedbyrealism.Ifyoubelieveinyourselfsostronglythatyouactrashly,confidencecanactuallymakeyou"stupid".

Sohandleitwithcare—anduseyourconfidencewisely.

注釋：

(1)persistencen.堅持persistv.堅持

(2)beinjeopardy陷入危險中

(3)adoptv.采納，采取

(4)NewEnglandPatriots美國橄欖球聯(lián)盟NFL球隊，新英格蘭愛國者隊

(5)fieldgoal目標(biāo)中的，得分球

(6)spectatorn.觀眾

(7)SuperBowl超級碗(美國職業(yè)橄欖球聯(lián)盟冠軍獎杯)

(8)game-winningpoints比賽時制勝的重要得分

(9)temperv.回火，鍛煉，引申義考驗

(10)rashlyad.匆忙地，魯莽地14.Directions:

SupposeyourcousinLiMinghasjustbeenadmittedtoauniversity.Writehim/heraletterto

1)congratulatehim/her,and

2)givehim/hersuggestionsonhowtogetpreparedforuniversitylife.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use"ZhangWei"instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.15.Directions:

Inthispart,youareallowedtowriteacompositiononthetopicRapidDevelopmentofTourisminChina.Inyourwriting,youshould

1)interpretthechart,and

2)giveyourcomments.

Youshouldwriteatleast150words.

WriteyouressayonANSWERSHEET2.

16.Thinkaboutdrivingaroutethat'sveryfamiliar.Itcouldbeyourcommutetowork,atripintotownorthewayhome.Whicheveritis,youknoweverytwistandturnlikethebackofyourhand.Onthesesortsoftripsit'seasytoloseconcentrationonthedrivingandpaylittleattentiontothepassingscenery.Theconsequenceisthatyouperceivethatthetriphastakenlesstimethanitactuallyhas.

Thisisthewell-traveledroadeffect:peopletendtounderestimatethetimeittakestotravelafamiliarroute.

Theeffectiscausedbythewayweallocateourattention.Whenwetraveldownawell-knownroute,becausewedon'thavetoconcentratemuch,timeseemstoflowmorequickly.Andafterwards,whenwecometothinkbackonit,wecan'trememberthejourneywellbecausewedidn'tpaymuchattentiontoit.Soweassumeitwasshorter.17.It'smidday,andyourphone'sbatteryisdangerouslyclosetothe20percentmark.Ifyou'relikethemajorityofpeople,thatrediconwillleaveyoufeelingpanicked,annoyedandhuntingforasparecharger.LCompanyhasdubbedthiscondition"LowBatteryAnxiety"andsaysthatnearly9outof10peoplesufferfromthefearoflosingpowerontheirphone.

Thecompanypolledarandomsampleofmorethan2,000adultsmartphoneusersintheUSearlierthisyear.Whenitcomestochoosingbetweenhittingthegymorchargingtheirsmartphone,itfoundoneinthreepeoplearelikelytoskipthegym.Butmillennialstendtohaveitworse—with42percentlikelytoskipthegymwhenchoosingbetweenworkingoutorchargingtheirphone.Smartphoneuserswilleven"dropeverything"andmakeaU-turntoheadbackhometochargetheirphone.18.Directions:

Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchart,inyourwriting,youshould

1)interpretthechart,and

2)giveyourcomments.

Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.

不同員工規(guī)模的企業(yè)某年求職期日均競爭指數(shù)

(注：競爭指數(shù)=簡歷投遞數(shù)量/職位量)19.AhugeproportionoftheIranianbudgetisspentonsubsidizingawiderangeofgoodsforIranianconsumersfromfoodtorefinedpetroleum.PresidentAhmadinejadhasbeenproposingabigcutinthatsubsidy.Hisargumentisthatitshouldbereplacedwithcashhandoutstothemostneedy.ButtheIranianparliamentisworriedthatMrAhmadinejad'sproposalcouldincreaseinflationtoanannualfigureofupto50%.Somembersofparliamenthavehalvedtheproposedcuts.There'sconcernthatadramaticriseinpricescouldprovokeanewroundofunrestandperhapsleadthepoorerclassestogivemoreactivesupporttotheopposition.There'realsosuspicionsthattherealmotiveforthesubsidycutistomakeupforabudgetshortfall.Clearfiguresarehardtogetholdof,butitseemsthatMrAhmadinejad'sgovernmentfailedtobuildupanysubstantialcashreserveswhenoilpriceswereatrecordlevels.ForyearsIranianshavebeensufferingmultipleeconomicproblemsincludinginflationatorabove20%.BlameisplacedeitheronMrAhmadinejad'seccentricmanagementofIran'sfinancesoroninternationalsanctionsoracombinationofboth.Withnewsanctionsactivelyunderdiscussion,thesituationisnotabouttogetanyeasier.

注釋：

(1)subsidizev.資助，給……補貼subsidyn.補貼

(2)refinedpetroleum精煉石油

(3)Ahmadinejad(伊朗總統(tǒng))內(nèi)賈德

(4)provokev.致使，引起

(5)suspicionn.懷疑suspectv.懷疑

(6)shortfalln.赤字deficit的委婉說法，譯為短缺，不足額

(7)substantiala.實質(zhì)的，大量的substancen.物質(zhì)

(8)multiplea.復(fù)合的，多樣的

(9)eccentrica.怪癖的，古怪的

(10)sanctionn.經(jīng)濟(jì)制裁20.Directions:

Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingpiechart.Inyourwriting,youshould

1)interpretthechart,and

2)giveyourcomments.

Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.21.Directions:

Inthispart,youareallowedtowritealettertoexpressyourcongratulationonyouraunt'smarriage.Youshould

1)writealettertoshowyourcongratulation.

2)expressyourexhilarationandhopetocongratulatefacetoface.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsonANSWERSHEET2.

Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheletter.Use"ZhangWei"instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.22.Directions:

RecentlyyouhaveseenanadvertisementinChinaDailytorecruitthevolunteersfortheWorldHorticulturalExpoinBeijing.Youaresupposedtowritealettertoapplyforit.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.

Donotsignyourownname.Use"LiMing"instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.23.Directions:

Writealetterofabout100wordstothecustomerservicecenterofanonlinestore,complainingaboutthequalityofthenewipadanddemandingapromptsolution.

Youshouldincludethedetailsyouthinknecessary.

YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.

Donotuseyourownname.Use"LiMing"instead.

Donotwritetheaddress.24.Directions:

Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchart.Inyourwriting,youshould

1)interpretthechartand

2)giveyourcomments.

Youshouldwriteatleast150words.

WriteyouressayonANSWERSHEET2.

25.Directions:

Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchartinyourwriting,youshould

1)interpretthechart,and

2)giveyourcomments.

Youshouldwriteabout150wordsontheANSWERSHEET.

第1卷參考答案一.歷年考點試題黑鉆版1.參考答案：[參考范文]DearSirorMadam,

IamwritingtoexpressmydisappointmentregardingtheelectronicdictionarythatIboughtfromyouron-linestorelastweek,withtheinvoicenumberofED53407.

Ihavetocomplainaboutthepoorqualityofthedictionary.Foronething,thedictionaryoftenautomaticallyturnsoffattheverymomentIameagertoseethewordexplanations.Foranother,itseemslooseintheconjunctionpart.Thescreenpartcannotbeproperlysettled.

Sincetheproblemsareunacceptable,Iwouldliketogetarefundoranewone.Lookingforwardtoyourpromptreply.

Yourssincerely,

ZhangWei2.參考答案：[參考譯文]

我認(rèn)為改善世界的方法就是廢除現(xiàn)金。從技術(shù)層面來說這非常容易并且可行。我們擁有存有貨幣的塑料卡片，我們有能轉(zhuǎn)賬的網(wǎng)絡(luò)賬戶。實際上，我們也都有裝備智能芯片并有轉(zhuǎn)賬功能的手機。因此從技術(shù)上來說，這想法是可行的。如果我們將之實行，就能擺脫錢包，省下許多麻煩。但更大的效益在于這會轉(zhuǎn)變我們居住的社會類型，尤其是讓我們更安全，不得不更誠實。如果銀行與個人都沒現(xiàn)金，打劫他們就毫無意義了。更重要的是，即使不是為了現(xiàn)金，與錢有關(guān)的犯罪顯然也需要現(xiàn)金。例如，我很少聽說毒販們也收信用卡和支票。3.參考答案：[參考范文]DearMr.Li,

IamverypleasedtoknowthatyouwillvisitBeijingforaweekduringthisvacation.Wehaven'tseeneachotherforseveralyears,andIamlookingforwardtoyourvisit.Inmyopinion,Beijingisyourbestchoiceforthisholiday.Ononehand,therearemanyplacesofinterestandhistoricalsiteshere.Ontheotherhand,BeijingistheculturalcenterofChina.

Astothefamoussites,IsuggestthatyoushouldvisittheGreatWall.Ifyouareinterestedinparks,theSummerPalacewillbeyourbestchoice.Itisunnecessaryforyoutoworrythatthereisnoplacetovisit.IamsureyouwillenjoyyourvisitinBeijing.

Pleaseinformmeaslongasyouhavemadeyourdecision.Iamlookingforwardtoseeingyousoon.

Sincerelyyours,

ZhangWei4.參考答案：隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的普及，網(wǎng)上購物的人越來越多?！斑B環(huán)退貨族”指網(wǎng)購族中一些下單買很多自己不需要的東西，然后再把其中一部分退回去的人。有30%的人會故意多買，然后把不想要的東西退回去，20%的人承認(rèn)會購買同一商品的多個版本，以便于他們在家收到貨以后做出決定，因為他們知道有越來越多的途徑可以讓他們便捷地把商品退回去。

不管在購買還是退貨中，買家都期待比較劃算的方式。60%的人表示，賣家的退貨政策會影響他們的在線購物決定，其中約有一半的買家表示如果退貨時需要自己出運費，他們就不會下單?！斑B環(huán)退貨族”則表示，如果商家能夠?qū)⒁路托咏y(tǒng)一成標(biāo)準(zhǔn)尺寸，他們的退貨次數(shù)就會減少。[解析]

(1)注意serialreturner的翻譯。前面一句話提到隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的普及，網(wǎng)上購物的人越來越多。serial意為“連續(xù)的；多次的”；returner意為“(停職一段時間之后)重新工作的人(尤指女人)”。結(jié)合后面的信息whoregularlyordersmorethantheyneedandsendssomeoftheitemsback,可把serialreturner活譯為“連環(huán)退貨族”。

(2)第一段第三句的主干是Threeintenshoppersdeliberatelyover-purchaseandsubsequentlyreturnunwanteditems。withoneinfiveadmittingto...theirmindathome為伴隨狀語，破折號后面的句子是對前面的解釋說明。此句雖然是一個長句，但考生可以采用“順譯法”進(jìn)行翻譯，難度不大。

(3)第二段第一句的主干是Shoppershavealsocometoexpectgoodvalue。regardlessofwhether...orareturn作狀語，修飾整個句子，whether引導(dǎo)的從句whetherthey'remakingapurchaseorareturn作regardlessof的賓語。翻譯時，可以把狀語的位置前置。

(4)goodvalue的意思是“花得值，值得買”，為了使得上下文更加連貫，考生可以翻譯成“賣家都期待比較劃算的方式”。

(5)考生需要注意最后一句的翻譯。最后一句的主干為：Serialreturnerssaid。said后的賓語從句省略了that，采用了虛擬語氣，從句的結(jié)構(gòu)是if+主語+weretodo，主句的結(jié)構(gòu)是主語+would+do?？忌诜g虛擬句時，最好增譯表假設(shè)的詞“如果”。5.參考答案：[參考范文]DearLiuNing,

IamnowwritingthesefewlinestoexpressmysincerethanksforyourparcellastFridaywithEnglishbooksandtapes,whicharehelpfultomystudy.YouhaveapositivegeniusforstudyingEnglish.InotonlyenjoyedtheEnglishbooks,butalsothosetapes.Ishalleverrememberthemasoneofthemostimportantthingsinmylife.

Iwillnotbeverybusyrecently.Ihopetohavetheopportunitytoexpressmygratitudetoyoufacetoface.Iwillfeelveryhonoredandpleasedifyouhavetimetomakemeacall.Wouldyoukindlyletmeknowwhenyouareatconvenience?Iamlookingforwardtomeetingwithyou!

Irepeatmythanksagainforyourparcel.Pleasegivemykindregardstoyourfamily.

Sincerelyyours,

ZhangWei6.參考答案：哈洛威爾在他的新書《工作中被逼得心煩意亂：如何保持專注從而更有成效》指出：當(dāng)你感到煩惱越積越多，無論煩惱是真的還是想象的，你都應(yīng)同朋友說說，由此使漫無目的的焦慮有更好得到化解的機會。他認(rèn)為人們不能集中注意力的一大原因是在工作或生活的其他方面獨自煩惱。

獨自擔(dān)憂本身并無害，但它往往會變得有害，因為我們在孤立中失去了判斷力。當(dāng)沒有人在現(xiàn)實中扮演檢查角色時，我們會變得小題大做。我們的想象力脫了韁。

事實上，塞繆爾·約翰遜——一個重度擔(dān)憂患者，稱擔(dān)憂為“想象力的疾病”。當(dāng)我們獨自擔(dān)憂時，我們可能會與現(xiàn)實失去聯(lián)系，在擔(dān)憂中變得焦頭爛額，做糟糕的決定，甚至生病，讓有害的擔(dān)憂壓垮了免疫功能。[解析](1)whenyoufeelrealorimaginedconcernspilingon直譯為“當(dāng)你感到真的或想象的煩惱越積越多”，應(yīng)該根據(jù)漢語習(xí)慣調(diào)整為“當(dāng)你感到煩惱越積越多，無論煩惱是真的還是想象的”，以使譯文更流暢。

(2)andthere'sabetterchancethat...中，and表示結(jié)果，此處需要把因果關(guān)系譯出來，使得譯文邏輯分明。

(3)globalize意為“(使)全球化”，catastrophe意為“災(zāi)難”，可以猜測catastrophize是“(使)災(zāi)難化，把小問題當(dāng)作大災(zāi)禍”之意，結(jié)合上下文可知這兩個詞表現(xiàn)的都是“小題大做”的意思，因此可以意譯處理。

(4)runwild有“放肆，撒野；恣意妄為；無法無天”諸多含義，這里形容想象力，譯為“脫韁”既貼切又是地道的漢語表達(dá)。

(5)paralyzed意為“麻痹的，癱瘓的”，paralyzedinworry可靈活譯為“在擔(dān)憂中變得焦頭爛額”。7.參考答案：運動對健康有數(shù)不清的益處，但減肥可能并非其中之一。一項富有挑戰(zhàn)意味的新研究表明，很多人在開始執(zhí)行體育鍛煉計劃后體重反而有所增加，更糟糕的是，增加的這部分大多是多余的脂肪而不是肌肉。

但也正是這同一項研究首次發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種可以切實增加人們運動減肥概率的簡單策略。我們都知道，減肥的基本原理非常簡單。只要你每天消耗的熱量多于攝入量，隨著時間的推移，你就會越來越瘦。從理論上說，通過節(jié)食減少熱量攝入或通過運動增加熱量消耗都能達(dá)到上述理想狀況。但在現(xiàn)實中，大多數(shù)人試遍了所有方法，還是沒能達(dá)到或維持所希望的減肥效果。[解析](1)第一段第二句的主干為Aprovocativenewstudyshows...，that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作show的賓語：who引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾先行詞people，with引導(dǎo)的介詞短語作整個句子的伴隨狀語。其中windup為固定搭配，意為“最終淪落到；最終落得；(以……)告終”。

(2)第二段中odds是個多義詞，有“機會，可能性，希望，概率”等釋義。聯(lián)系上下文，可知此處譯成“概率”最恰當(dāng)。

(3)onanygivenday本意為“在任何給定的一天”，在此處譯成“任何一天”即可。

(4)第三段第三句中第一個that：引導(dǎo)的從句作achieve的賓語；第二個that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞calories；第三個that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾它前面的calories。其中takein在此處譯為“吸收”。8.參考答案：[參考范文]

Thetablechartgivenabovereflectstheelementsthatmayinfluenceemployees'loyaltytoacompany.Asisclearlyconveyedinthechart,employeesatdifferentlevelsandpositionsshowtotallydifferentattitudestowardsthesefactors.Employeesworkingatbasiclevelsshowthemostobvioustendencythatagoodmanager/bossisoneofthesignificantthingsfortheirloyalty.Junioremployeesconsiderthatmanyfactorsmayinfluencetheirloyalty,suchashealthcarebenefits,retirementbenefitsaswellasagoodmanager/boss.Asregardssenioremployees,itisnotdifficulttofindthathealthcarebenefitsandretirementbenefitsarerankedastheirfirstconcern.

Thevariousattitudesdemonstratedbythechartshouldbegivenmorediscussion.Fortheyounggeneration,whattheyneedmostisworkingexperienceandanexcellentmanageriscapableoffindingtheiradvantagesandputtingtheminaproperposition,whichenablestheyoungtobringtheirtalentsandpotentialsintofullplay.Inaddition,themiddleagedjunioremployeesshouldermoreresponsibilitiesfrombothworkandfamily,sotheyneedmoreguaranteestokeeptheirloyaltytoacompany.Lastbutnotleast,senioremployeeshaveworkedforthecompanyforalongtime.Iftheyareguaranteedwitharespectableamountofhealthcarebenefitsandretirementbenefits,theywillbecomethemostloyalgroupforacompany.

Employees'loyaltyisofgreatimportancetothesustainabledevelopmentofacertaincompany.Accordingtothevariousdemandsofdifferentemployees,itiswiseforcompaniestoflexiblyadjustthebenefitsandmeettheneedsofemployees.[解析]

本題考查員工忠誠度的影響因素?？忌紫纫ㄟ^表格數(shù)據(jù)指出影響基層員工、中層員工、高層員工忠誠度的各自主要因素。其次，就三個不同的群體分別指出各自合理的原因，即為什么該因素對該群體的忠誠度影響最大。最后總結(jié)全文，可以對用人單位的制度提出建議。9.參考答案：大學(xué)并不能為你畢業(yè)后的人生做好萬全準(zhǔn)備。你被推到一個新世界，要迎接挑戰(zhàn)，學(xué)會獨立生活。你剛剛20出頭，正是去冒險、去嘗試新鮮事物、去發(fā)現(xiàn)激情的時候。不要太過擔(dān)心沒有一個具體的計劃，現(xiàn)在正是你多做嘗試、發(fā)現(xiàn)你真正才能和興趣的時候。盡管趕快掙錢看上去很重要，但你剛剛20多歲，是探索各種職業(yè)道路和規(guī)劃未來路徑的最佳時機之一。大學(xué)畢業(yè)后，你身邊就不會時刻都是同齡人了。與在校園里相比，結(jié)識新朋友更有挑戰(zhàn)性，需要付出更多精力。正因為如此，所以要記?。河押么耸墙Y(jié)識新朋友的最佳方法。對同事和身邊人的生活感興趣，樂意建立新的人際關(guān)系。[解析]

(1)第二句的主干是Youarethrustintotheworldandtaskedwiththechallenge。介詞of引導(dǎo)的部分為定語，其中howtoliveonyourown為figureout的賓語。

(2)第四句由兩個分句構(gòu)成，第一個是Don'tworrysomuchabouthavingaconcreteplan，第二個是nowisthetime。whenyoucanexperimentandfindyourtrueskillsandinterests為定語從句，修飾time。翻譯時，可以將定語從句前置。

(3)planout的意思是“計劃，精心策劃”，planoutaroadmapforyourfuture可以翻譯成“規(guī)劃未來路徑”。

(4)考生要注意代詞的翻譯，查明具體的指代信息。倒數(shù)第三句it指代上文的“Meetingnewpeople”。

(5)倒數(shù)第二句的主干結(jié)構(gòu)是it'softengoodtoremember...,that后面引導(dǎo)賓語從句，分詞結(jié)構(gòu)beingfriendly作主語。10.參考答案：[參考譯文]

國家酒精濫用與酗酒問題研究中心公布的數(shù)據(jù)顯示，每年冬季節(jié)假日期間酗酒導(dǎo)致的交通事故死亡的人數(shù)是其他節(jié)假日期間的2至3倍。冬季節(jié)假日40%的交通傷亡與駕駛員酗酒有關(guān)，而這一比率在12月份的非節(jié)假日時期只占28%。

Delany認(rèn)為未成年人飲酒問題，尤其是在每年冬季節(jié)假日的飲酒問題，是多方面因素刺激造成的：有節(jié)假日期間未成年人更容易得到酒精飲品的因素，也有父母在節(jié)假日放松了對子女監(jiān)管以及成年人的所謂“無酒不成席”思想對子女的誤導(dǎo)有關(guān)。Delany說，家長告訴年輕人“不許喝酒，不許接觸酒精，但每逢冬季圣誕節(jié)和新年的幾周假期間平均每三個廣告中就有一個與酒精和飲酒相關(guān)的廣告”。Delany進(jìn)一步補充，“同時，未成年人飲酒問題也與父母對此問題的態(tài)度有關(guān)，或許父母本身經(jīng)常飲酒，孩子們看到大人飲酒就會去效仿。我們需要向未成年人傳遞一種未成年人不許飲酒的長效如一的信息。但是對青少年簡單地說不許做是不夠的，我們需要想辦法幫助年輕人對飲酒問題做出正確的判斷?！盵解析]這段文字翻譯首先要注意的一點是一些名詞、代詞的前后對應(yīng)指代關(guān)系，考試時我們要翻譯的文章篇幅不大，大多為一篇文章的節(jié)選，雖然節(jié)選與其他部分相對獨立，但段落內(nèi)部與段落之間的相互指代，尤其是名詞、代詞的前后對應(yīng)對于我們準(zhǔn)確理解原文意思非常重要。動詞也有前后指代，也就是對一個不熟悉的詞，可能通過前后文的解釋，或近義、同義、反義等詞推斷出詞義來；還有一點需要考生注意的是英語的習(xí)慣是忌諱同一詞上下文重復(fù)出現(xiàn)(特殊修辭要求除外)，而代之以代詞或近義、同義詞。本文就多次出現(xiàn)underage，youngpeople，adolescent，kids等不同說法來指代未成年人。

第一段中用了兩個比較的表達(dá)方法：comparable和compared，都有被動意義，翻譯時可根據(jù)漢語表達(dá)要求進(jìn)行詞類轉(zhuǎn)換選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~性，而不一定拘泥于英語的詞性限制。第二段第一句話Fuelingtheunderagedrinkingproblem,especiallyatthistimeoftheyear,is"acombinationofgreateraccesstoalcohol,lessparentaloversightandmixedmessages"aboutcelebratingwithalcohol,Delanysays.英語意思較為簡單，翻譯時需要注意有時原文由于有上下文關(guān)系省略的部分，翻譯時根據(jù)需要可以進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)脑鲎g或補譯，這也是翻譯中常使用的一種技巧。第二段的long-termmessage翻譯時也應(yīng)考慮這一技巧，結(jié)合上下文語境翻譯成“長效如一的信息”雖有重復(fù)之嫌，但語義更為完整、準(zhǔn)確，表達(dá)上也符合漢語習(xí)慣。第二段中的直接引語(“”中部分)翻譯時也未必一定要譯成直接引語，可根據(jù)表達(dá)需要酌情變通，應(yīng)以準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)原文意思為主要考慮。11.參考答案：[參考范文]DearSirorMadam,

IampleasedtorecommendZhangWei,acloseassociateofmine,forthepositionasanassistantdirectoroftheresearchdepartmentatourcompany.

Ashisbestfriend,weonceworkedonmanyprojects,andIgottoknowhimverywellduringthatperiod.Hehadexcellentperformanceontheprojectswecollaborated.Combinedwithsophisticatedgraspofprofessionalknowledge,hisrichworkingexperiencewillgreatlyimprovetheproductivityofourdemandingtasks.Asahard-workinggentleman,hegetsalongwellwithothersandwillbeanenthusiasticandpleasantcolleague.

IfZhangWeicouldbegiventheopportunitytoworkinourcompany,Ifirmlybelievethathewillbeanexcellentworkerandmeetyourexpectations.

Yourssincerely,

LiMing[解析]本題要求寫一封郵件，實質(zhì)是推薦信。推薦信是一個人為推薦另一個人得到某個機會或者某個職位而寫的信。寫作需要注意以下三點。(1)開門見山說明寫信目的，即推薦誰及其與被推薦人之間的關(guān)系；(2)描述推薦的理由以及被推薦人的主要特點；(3)希望優(yōu)先考慮等。要注意多寫優(yōu)點，充分肯定成績。篇幅不宜過長，也不能三言兩語。12.參考答案：[參考范文]

ThechartabovedemonstratesthatthenumberofWeChatactiveusershasexperiencedarelativelysteadyrisefromthethirdquarterin2015tothesecondquarterin2016.

Variousfactorsleadtothephenomenon.Firstofall,WeChatisaninstantmessengerwhichallowspeopletosendbothtextmessagesandvoicemessagestotheirfriends.Userscanalsosharephotographsandvideosinordertostrengthentherelationswiththeirfriends.Besides,WeChatprovidesinformationrangingfrompoliticalnewstoentertainmentreports,souserscaneasilygainaccesstotheveryinformationtheyareintendedtoread.AndtheconvenienceofWeChatmessagescaterstotherapidtempoofmodemlifebysavingtimeinreading.Lastbutnotleast,WeChatfunctionsasaplatformformerchantstohelpenterprisesachievebrandcreationandproductmarketinginordertomakemoreprofit.

Obviously,thefigureofWeChatactiveuserswillcontinuetoincrease.However,somenegativeinfluencesmaycoexistwiththepopularityofWeChat.Therefore,weshoulduseWeChatinlinewiththelawandmoralprinciples.[解析]

本題是關(guān)于折線圖的作文。圖片反映的現(xiàn)象是：從2015年第三季度到2016年第二季度，微信每月活躍用戶數(shù)量不斷增長。考生可分三段寫作。第一段描述數(shù)據(jù)，第二段分析原因，第三段進(jìn)行總結(jié)。要注意用詞的多樣性。13.參考答案：[參考譯文]

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