2023年研究生類研究生入學(xué)考試專業(yè)課英語(yǔ)專業(yè)英美文學(xué)歷年高頻考題帶答案難題附詳解

2023年研究生類研究生入學(xué)考試專業(yè)課英語(yǔ)專業(yè)英美文學(xué)歷年高頻考題帶答案難題附詳解（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）第1卷一.歷年考點(diǎn)試題黑鉆版(共25題)1.Acommonfeatureofdifferentnativemythologiesistheoccurrenceofa______figure,godlikeinhis______,humanlikeinhis______.2.thephilosophybehindtheAmericanRevolution3.TheDynasts4.Americanscandotheirbanking,buybeer,pickuptheirdrycleaning,seeafilmatadrive-inmovieoreatamealwithoutleavingtheircar.5.______and______,alongwithNZSL,aretheofficiallanguagesofNewZealand.6.WhyandhowdidtheEnglishParliamentcomeintobeing?7.WhatwastheRomaninfluenceoverBritain?8.Intheearly1970s,theIRA______.A.killedmanyProtestantsandCatholicsB.burneddownthehousesofCatholicsC.murderedindividualsatrandomD.attackedthesecurityforcesastheirmaintarget9.HowdidtheVietnamWaraffecttheUnitedStates?10.WhatareimpactsofclimatechangeinAustralia?11.IntheUnitedStates,acasesubjecttofederaljurisdictionisheardfirstbeforeafederaldistrictjudge,andthenappealmaybemadetothe______CourtofAppeals,andfinallytothe______Court.12.______introducedtheElizabethanageinhismasterpieceTheFaerieQueen,whichwasanodetoQueenElizabeth.A.EdmundSpenserB.WilliamShakespeareC.JohnMiltonD.ThomasGray13.Sundaynewspapers14.Author______Title______

ABBIE:He'sdead.

CABOT:[staresatherbewilderedly]What...

ABBIE:Ikilledhim.15.WhatarethetwopartiesintheUnitedStates?Doyouthinktheyarefundamentallydifferent?16.______weretheoriginalsourceofCanada'swealth.A.NaturalresourcesB.ManufacturingindustriesC.ServiceindustriesD.Noneoftheabove17.ThefirstgroupofEnglishwerebroughtinAustraliaas______in1788bytheFirstFleet.A.slavesB.workersC.convictsD.refugees18.IntheUnitedStates,______isaleadingcommercialcropintheSouth.A.cottonB.tobaccoC.peanutD.apple19.Hemingway'swarnovelendswithasceneinamaternityhospital.Howdoesthisfinaltopic,thedeathofawomanandachildinchildbirth,forceustoenlargeorreconsiderwhatwetooktobethecentralsubjectofthenovel?Inwhatsenseisthenovelawarnovel?Whatisitssubjectifitisnotwar,battle,engagementwiththeenemy,strategy,etc.?Sufficienttextualinformationisrequiredtoillustrateyourviewpoints.20.SometriedtoexplaintheUSAasa______.Thiswordreferstoatubethatcontainsmirrorsandsmallcoloredbeads.21.WhatdidFrankWhittledoin1937?______A.Heinventedthefirstjetplane.B.Hedevelopedthefirstjetengine.C.Hemadethefirstjet-poweredflight.D.Hemadethetrans-Atlanticflight.22.Transcendentalism23.TheBluesisatypicalAmericanmusic,originallysungbythe______inthesouthernstatesofAmerica.24.PleaseintroduceCanada'sactiveroleininternationalorganizations.25.Sincethe1788Europeansettlement,migrationhasaccountedforupto______ofAustralia'spopulationincrease.第1卷參考答案一.歷年考點(diǎn)試題黑鉆版1.參考答案：“trickster”；powers；imperfections[解析]不同本土神話中存在一個(gè)共同點(diǎn)，即均設(shè)有一個(gè)詭計(jì)多端的角色。這個(gè)角色擁有和神一樣的法力，同時(shí)又具有人類的缺陷。2.參考答案：TheAmericanRevolutionrefersto13Englishcolonies'fightingforfreedomandindependencefromtheBritishcolonialrule.ThephilosophybehinditwasexpressedintheDeclarationofIndependence,whichwasadoptedbytheCongressonJuly4,1776.Thedocumentdeclaredthatallmenwerecreatedequalandthattheywereentitledtohavesomeunalienablerightssuchaslife,libertyandthepursuitofhappiness.3.參考答案：ItisanovelwrittenbyThomasHardy.4.參考答案：A[解析]美國(guó)人可以不離開(kāi)他們的車去辦理銀行業(yè)務(wù)，購(gòu)買啤酒，取干洗的衣物，看電影或吃飯。5.參考答案：English；Maori[解析]英語(yǔ)、毛利語(yǔ)及新西蘭手語(yǔ)是新西蘭的三種官方語(yǔ)言，幾乎所有新西蘭人都會(huì)講英語(yǔ)。6.參考答案：TheEnglishParliament,thesupremelegislativeauthorityintheUK,cameintobeinginthe13thcentury.AsmanyofHenryⅢ'smeasuresresultedincontradictionsbetweenhimandthebarons,thebaronsforcedhimandhissonPrinceEdwardtosweartoaccepttheProvisionsofOxford.However,theKingdidnotagreeontheirrequest.Asaresult,acivilwarburstoutbetweentheKing'ssupportersandthebaronialarmy.Afterthewar,whiletheKingandhissonwerestillkeptinprison,SimondeMontfortsummonedin1265theGrandCouncilatWestminster,togetherwithtwoknightsfromeachcountyandtworepresentativesfromeachtown.Themeetinghasbeenregardedastheearliestparliament.InancientSaxontimeskingshadonlyanadvisorybodythatconsistedonlyofgreatmenandcouldbedissolvedeasily.NoweachcountywasrequiredtosendtwoknightsandeachtowntosendtworepresentativestotheGrandCouncil.Later,theGrandCouncildevelopedintotheLordsandtheCommonsknownasParliament.7.參考答案：TheRomanoccupationofBritainlastedfrom43ADto407,duringwhichperiodBritainwasruledasaprovinceofRome.TheRomaninfluencewassogreatthattherewasnottheslightestevidencethatanynationalfeelingexisted.①TheybroughtChristianitytoEngland.②TheybroughtswordstoEnglandandbuiltgreatwalls,baths,temples,beautifulvillasandfinebuildings.Theydrainedmarshes,clearedawayforests,builtroadsandtaughttheBritonstocultivatetheirlandinabetterway.③Theyintroducedasystemoforganizedgovernmentandbuiltanetworkofwalledtowns.④TheEnglishupperclassesbecamecompletelyRomanizedandweretransformedfromCeltictribalchiefsintoRomanlandownersandofficials.8.參考答案：D[解析]IRA，即IrishRepublicanArmy，愛(ài)爾蘭共和軍。1969年IRA分成正統(tǒng)派和臨時(shí)派，后者成為主要力量，其思想極左，進(jìn)行爆炸、暗殺等暴力活動(dòng)，攻擊目標(biāo)主要是安全部門和軍界人物和機(jī)構(gòu)。9.參考答案：TheVietnamWarhadagreatimpactonAmericansociety.(1)TheUnitedStateswasweakenedasaresultofthelongwar.AsthelongestwarinAmericanhistory,thewardrainedAmericanresources,broughtaboutunfavorablebalanceoftradeandsawasignificantoutflowofgold.(2)AmericansocietyhadneverbeensodividedsincetheCivilWar.AsthewarwentonandinvolvedmoreandmoreAmericantroopsandaspeoplesawonTVscreenshowinnocentpeoplewerekilledandthehorrorofthewar,peoplebegantoquestionthecorrectnessofthedecision,andtheanti-warmovementswelled.(3)Therewasseriousdisagreementintherulingcircle.Anumberofhigh-rankingofficialsintheJohnsonAdministrationresignedbecausetheyopposedthepolicyofthegovernment.ContradictionbetweenCongressandtheExecutivesharpened,whichresultedinthepassingoftheWarPowerAct,whichlimitedthePresident'spowerinsendingtroopsabroadandrequiredthePresidenttoconsultCongressbeforeanysuchdecision.(4)TheimageoftheUnitedStates,especiallytheimageoftheAmericanarmedforces,wasdiscredited.ThemoraleoftheAmericansoldierswaslowanddrug-takingwaswidespreadinthearmedforces.ThousandsofsoldiersranawayfromtheirpostsinVietnam,somethingwhichhadneverhappenedinAmericanmilitaryhistory.AmericaninsistenceonthecontinuationofthewardrewcriticismfromAmericanalliesandsomeofitsalliesrefusedtosupporttheUnitedStatesinitswarefforts.10.參考答案：Australianisthedriestcontinentintheworldwithalonghistoryofcyclesofdroughts,fires,cyclonesandfloods.

Today,Australiafacesreducedwatersuppliestohousehold,reducedriverflowsaffectingthehealthandbreedingpattersofitsbirds,animalandfishspecies,andthreattotheproductionofdomesticfoodresources,andtothecountry'sagriculturalandmanufacturingindustries.Climatewarmingincreasestheriskoffiercerandmorewidespreadbushfires,threateningbothhouse-holdandfarmingregions.

Risingsealevelsarealreadycreatingproblemsforpeoplelivingclosetotheocean.11.參考答案：Federal；Supreme[解析]在美國(guó)，一件屬于聯(lián)邦司法權(quán)下屬的案件，首先由地方區(qū)級(jí)聯(lián)邦法官聽(tīng)審，然后上訴到聯(lián)邦上訴法院，最終上訴至最高法院。12.參考答案：A[解析]《仙后》是英國(guó)詩(shī)人埃德蒙·斯賓塞于1509年出版的史詩(shī)，詩(shī)中的形象具有象征意義，仙后格羅麗婭娜意為“榮耀”，象征伊麗莎白女王。13.參考答案：SundaynewspapersarelargerthandailynewspaperswhicharepublishedoneverydayofaweekexceptforSunday.Theyusuallyhavetwotothreesectionsandacolorsupplement.SundaynewspapersaresuchnationalseriousnewspapersasTheObserver,SundaySport,SundayTimes,TheSundayMirror,SundayExpress,TheSundayTelegraph,TheIndependentonSundayandTheNewsoftheWorld.14.參考答案：EugeneONeill,DesireundertheElms.[解析]《榆樹(shù)下的欲望》是尤金-奧尼爾的代表作之一，也是一部廣受關(guān)注的戲劇，有些評(píng)論家認(rèn)為它是“美國(guó)第一部偉大的悲劇”。戲劇主要講述了農(nóng)場(chǎng)主卡伯特(Cabbot)為了農(nóng)場(chǎng)所有權(quán)同兒子伊本(Eben)和妻子艾比(Abbie)之間發(fā)生的三角糾紛。戲劇真正的沖突在于男女主人公的內(nèi)心沖突，沖突的兩極是財(cái)產(chǎn)和愛(ài)情。劇本從艾比和伊本的相互吸引寫(xiě)起，后為了財(cái)產(chǎn)又相互敵視，直至最終同赴刑場(chǎng)，一波三折、細(xì)致入微地展示了人物的心路歷程。15.參考答案：PoliticalpartiesareorganizedgroupsofpeoplewhoshareasetofideasabouthowtheUnitedStatesshouldbegovernedandwhoworktogethertohavemembersoftheirgroupelectedinordertoinfluencethegoverningofthecountry.WhenmembersofapoliticalpartyformamajorityinCongress,theyhavegreatpowerstodecidewhatkindsoflawswillbepassed.

Today,theUnitedStateshastwomajorpoliticalparties.OneistheDemocraticParty,whichevolvedoutofThomasJefferson'sparty,formedbefore1800.Thesymbolofthepartyisthedonkey.TheotheristheRepublicanParty,whichwasformedinthe1850s,bypeopleinthestatesoftheNorthandWest,suchasAbrahamLincoln,whowantedthegovernmenttopreventtheslaveryfromexpandingintonewstatesthenbeingadmittedtotheunion.ThesymboloftheRepublicanPartyistheelephant.

MostAmericanstodayconsidertheDemocraticPartythemoreliberalparty.BythattheymeanDemocratsbelievethefederalgovernmentandthestategovernmentsshouldbeactiveinprovidingsocialandeconomicprogramsforthosewhoneedthem,suchasthepoor,theunemployedorstudentswhoneedmoneytogotocollege.ThegovernmentundertheDemocraticPartyestablishedmanyotherprograms,includingSocialSecurity,whichensuresthatthosewhoareretiredordisabletoreceivemonthlypaymentsfromthegovernment.Republicansarenotnecessarilyopposedtosuchprograms.Theybelieve,however,thatmanysocialprogramsaretoocostlytothetaxpayersandthatwhentaxesareraisedtopayforprograms,everyoneishurt.TheyplacemoreemphasisonprivateenterpriseandoftenaccusetheDemocratsofmakingthegovernmenttooexpensiveandofcreatingtoomanylawsthatdoharmtoindividualinitiative.Forthatreason,AmericanstendtothinkoftheRepublicanPartyasmoreconservative.

Thoughtherearesomespecificdifferencesintheirpolicies,thetwopartiesarenotfundamentallydifferent.First,fromtheaspectofideology,boththeparties'policiesandmodesoforganizationreflectAmericanindividualism.Second,fromtheaspectofclassfoundation,theybothrepresentthecapitalistclassanddefendcapitalistdemocracy.Thesedifferencesareactuallytheoperationbasisforthetwopartiestotaketurnsonoffice.16.參考答案：A[解析]自然資源是加拿大財(cái)富最初的來(lái)源。17.參考答案：C[解析]第一批英國(guó)罪犯在1788年乘坐第一艦隊(duì)來(lái)到澳大利亞。選項(xiàng)C正確。18.參考答案：A[解析]棉花是美國(guó)南方主要的經(jīng)濟(jì)作物。19.參考答案：Onthesurface,AFarewelltoArmsisaboutthetragicromancebetweenanAmericansoldierFredericHenry,andCatherineBarkley,aBritishnurse.Ifthenovelismeanttobeawarnovel,itmusthavestoppedbeforethelastscene.Thelastsceneofthenovelportraysnotthecynicismofsoldiers,buttherebirthofregeneration,asymbolofdisplacementofpopulations.So,belowthesurface,thenovelisaboutWorldWarIandindividualtragedywithinthelargerpictureofgreatertragedy.

Inviewofthis,thenovelalsoexplorestheconfusedstateofmindofindividuals,thatis,thesearchingofidentity.FredericHenryisnotbuttheexperienceofthewholenationofAmerican,whosuffersfromthewarorthedisordereduniverse.Heisamaninsearchofhismisplacedidentity,likehisnamewhichisdisplacedbythelateintroductiontothereaderandthefactthatheisanAmericanintheItalianarmybutspeakslittleItalian.[解析]本題考查《永別了，武器》中最后一章場(chǎng)景的象征意義，考生可以從小說(shuō)的主題進(jìn)行分析。這本小說(shuō)在反映戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)小說(shuō))的同時(shí)，也反映了當(dāng)時(shí)一戰(zhàn)時(shí)期美國(guó)青年的迷茫。20.參考答案：kaleidoscope[解析]一些人試圖