UNIT2UNDERSTANDINGEACHOTHER03GRAMMAR課件高中英語(yǔ)牛津譯林版（2020）選擇性必修第四冊(cè)

OverviewofAttributiveClauseBelowisapersonalaccountbyaChinesestudentwhostudiedintheUKandtheUSA.Findthesentenceswithrelativeclausesandfillinthetablebelow.Thefirstonehasbeendoneforyou.個(gè)人陳述12345restrictiverelativeclause限制性定語(yǔ)從句non-restrictiverelativeclause非限制性定語(yǔ)從句necessaryadditionalthatAExploringtherulesrelativeclauses定語(yǔ)從句BelowisapersonalaccountbyaChinesestudentwhostudiedintheUKandtheUSA.Findthesentenceswithrelativeclausesandfillinthetablebelow.Thefirstonehasbeendoneforyou.個(gè)人陳述12345restrictiverelativeclause限制性定語(yǔ)從句non-restrictiverelativeclause非限制性定語(yǔ)從句necessaryadditionalthatAExploringtherulesrelativeclauses定語(yǔ)從句指代人指代事物所屬關(guān)系指地點(diǎn)指時(shí)間指原因who,whom,that,aswhich,that,aswhosewherewhenwhy關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系副詞歸納總結(jié)做題技巧?先分析定語(yǔ)從句中缺少什么成分基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)回顧:關(guān)系詞及其意義1.IntheUK,________punctualityisveryimportant,youshouldtrynottoarrivelate.2.InThailand,thefoot,________isconsideredanuncleanpartofthebody,shouldnotbepointed.3.InEurope,therearemanydifferenttypesofgreetings,_________cheekkissingisjustoneexample,anditisimportanttoknowwhichonetouse.4.Whenwetravel,weshouldpayattentiontosituations________theremightbeunwrittenrules,suchasgiftgiving.5.Mysister,______worksinJapan,findsitoddthatshehastodoexerciseatthestartofherworkingday.wherewhereofwhichwhowhich基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)回顧

B1：1.that與which2.對(duì)theway的考查3.介詞+關(guān)系詞4.as的使用5.對(duì)where的考查6.綜合考查考點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)考點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)歸納1)Doyouhaveanything______youdon’tunderstand?2)Theonlything_____wecandoistogiveyousomeadvice.3)Whoistheman_____isstandingthere?4)Herbag,in_______sheputallhermoney,hasbeenstolen.5)Sheheardaterriblenoise,______broughtherheartintohermouth.thatthatthatwhichwhich考點(diǎn)1：that與which1:先行詞是everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代詞或由不定代詞any,some,no,much,few,little,every,all等修飾時(shí),引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用that。2：先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾且指物時(shí),引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用that。3:先行詞中既有人又有事物時(shí)，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用that。4：先行詞被thevery,theonly等修飾且指物時(shí),引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句用that。5：當(dāng)先行詞前面有who/which等疑問(wèn)代詞時(shí)，只用that。指物，介詞后。2.用于非限制定語(yǔ)從句中只使用that應(yīng)遵循的規(guī)則只使用which應(yīng)遵循的規(guī)則做題技巧?1.Theway_________________heexplainedthesentencetouswasnotdifficulttounderstand.2.Theway_________________heexplainedtouswasquitesimple.that/which/不填that/inwhich/不填缺狀語(yǔ)缺賓語(yǔ)theway做先行詞時(shí),先看后面定語(yǔ)從句中是否缺少主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ):缺少主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ):that/which/不填(缺賓語(yǔ)時(shí))主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)都不缺:that/inwhich/不填考點(diǎn)2：theway用做先行詞3.Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut_____hesaidit.（04湖北）

A.theway B.inthewaythatC.intheway D.thewaywhich高考鏈接：考點(diǎn)2：theway用做先行詞1.Doyouknowtheboy________yourmotheristalking?2.Istillremembertheday________IfirstgottoParis.3.Hegavemesomenovels_________Iamnotveryfamiliar.4.Hegavemesomenovels_______________Iamnotveryfamiliarwith.5.譯：這是我要照顧的小孩。towhomwithwhichonwhichThisisthechildwho/

whom/thatIwilllookafter.which/that/不填考點(diǎn)3：介詞+關(guān)系詞listento/lookat/dependon/lookfor/payattentionto/takecareof/lookafter/takepartin/makeuseof/catchupwith/getalongwith/hearof/lookforwardto1.根據(jù)從句中動(dòng)詞與先行詞的邏輯關(guān)系2.根據(jù)從句中動(dòng)詞或形容詞的習(xí)慣搭配3.根據(jù)先行詞與介詞的搭配習(xí)慣做題技巧?定語(yǔ)從句句首為介詞時(shí),后可接的關(guān)系詞為:介詞+whom/which/whose6.Irecognizedthebossin______companymysisterwasworking.7.(06浙江)Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirst______Ireallyenjoyed.A.ofthat B.ofwhich C.that D.whichwhose考點(diǎn)3：介詞+關(guān)系詞Aswhichas\that\which1.Itissuchabigstone_____nobodycanlift.2.Itissuchabigstone_____nobodycanliftit.3.______isknowntoall,heisthebeststudent.4.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_______surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.asthat歸納：as引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句先行詞前常被such,thesame,so,as修飾，即構(gòu)成such…as,thesame…as,so…as,結(jié)構(gòu)。as在定語(yǔ)從句中應(yīng)充當(dāng)成分如：主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。as

與which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句都能指代整句內(nèi)容，但定語(yǔ)從句位于句首時(shí)，只能用

as,意為“正如、恰如”。難點(diǎn)一：as的用法難點(diǎn)一：as的用法當(dāng)主句中出現(xiàn)such或so時(shí),看后面從句是否缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ):(1)缺主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ),從句前用as;(2)不缺主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ),從句前用that;(3)當(dāng)主句中出現(xiàn)thesame時(shí),后面從句所缺成分與as搭配表同一類事物,與that搭配表同一個(gè)事物。做題技巧?模擬訓(xùn)練：1.Heissuchalazyman_____nobodywantstoworkwith______.A.as;him B.that;/C.as;/ D.whom;him2.Mrs.Blacktookthepolicebackto____place____shewitnessedtherobbery.A.thesame;as B.thesame;whereC.thesame;that D.asthesame;as難點(diǎn)二：一些特殊詞之后的where1.I’vecometothepointwhereIcan’tstandhim.2.Thecountryisinthesituationwhereawarwillbreakoutatanytime.我已經(jīng)到了無(wú)法容忍他的地步了。國(guó)家正處在隨時(shí)有可能爆發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的局勢(shì)中。解析：如果定語(yǔ)從句分別修飾point,situation,part,condition,case等表示抽象意義的詞，常用where引導(dǎo)，意思是“到了某種地步，在某種境況中”。難點(diǎn)二：一些特殊詞之后的where高考鏈接：1.Wearetryingtoreachapoint____bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.（06山東）

A.which B.that C.where D.when2.---Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourself?---Yes,there’sonepoint____wemustinsiston.（06江西）

A.why B.where C.how D./做題要靈活：要分析句子成分，選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞。難點(diǎn)三.綜合考查友情提示

近年來(lái)，高考對(duì)定語(yǔ)從句和其它從句如：強(qiáng)調(diào)句、名詞性從句和狀語(yǔ)從句等的綜合考查越來(lái)越多，這就要求考生有扎實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)和較強(qiáng)的綜合分析能力。一.定語(yǔ)從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句

where\that1.Thisisthelibrary_______Iborrowedthebook.2.Itisfromthislibrary______Iborrowedthebook.3.---WheredidyoulastseeMr.Smith?---Itwasinthehotel____Ilived.A.thatB.which C.whereD.whenwhere定語(yǔ)從句that強(qiáng)調(diào)句型二.定語(yǔ)從句與同位語(yǔ)從句1.Weallhaveheardthenews_____ourteamwon.2.Wedon’tbelieveinthenews____________hetoldusyesterday.thatthat/which/—Theplace____thebridgeissupposedtobebuiltshouldbe_____thecross-rivertrafficistheheaviest.（05江蘇）

A.which;where B.atwhich;whichC.atwhich;where D.which;inwhichthat/which三.定語(yǔ)從句與表語(yǔ)從句高考實(shí)戰(zhàn)1.Moreover,fullyconsidereachoption.Itcanbeeasytoletaparticularschoolbecomeafront-runnerearlyoninyourdecision-makingprocess…,butbesuretocarefullyevaluateeveryschool______hasacceptedyou,sinceyouhadparticularreasonsforapplyingtoeachschool.（2021年八省聯(lián)考語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用第二節(jié)）that解析：空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，并在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，而先行詞tool為物，故此處要填關(guān)系代詞that或which。高考實(shí)戰(zhàn)2.BMIisaninternationallyrecognizedmeasurementtool__________givesanindicationofwhethersomeoneisahealthyweight.

（2021年1月浙江卷語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用第二節(jié)）that/which高考實(shí)戰(zhàn)3.Southbank,ataneasternbendintheThames,isthecenterofBritishskateboarding,_______thecontinuouscrashingofskateboardsleftyourheadringing.

（2021年全國(guó)甲卷閱讀理解C篇）where解析：整句的謂語(yǔ)是is，ataneasternbendintheThames是后置定語(yǔ)，修飾主語(yǔ)Southbank;空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾主語(yǔ)Southbank，并在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故填where。高考實(shí)戰(zhàn)4.WhentheexplorersfirstsetfootuponthecontinentofNorthAmerica,theskiesandlandswerealivewithanastonishingvarietyofwildlife….Unfortunately,ittooktheexplorersandthesettlers_____followedonlyafewdecadestodecimatealargepartoftheseresources.[2021·新高考Ⅰ卷·閱讀理解C篇]who解析：空處引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞theexplorersandthesettlers，并在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，故填who。高考實(shí)戰(zhàn)1.Manylessonsarenowavailableonline,from___studentscanchooseforfree. [2020江蘇卷]A.whose B.which C.when D.whom2.Dr.Rowan,____secretaryresignedtwoweeksago,hashadtodoallhisowntyping. [2020天津高考真題]A.whose B.ofwhom C.ofwhich D.which3.Wehaveenteredintoanage____dreamshavethebestchanceofcomingtrue.[2019·江蘇卷·單項(xiàng)填空]A.which B.what C.when