專八翻譯漢譯英常用技巧課件

2008-10-20專八翻譯漢譯英常用技巧2008-10-20專八翻譯漢譯英常用技巧1Contents

二、句子翻譯1.確定主干2.語序調(diào)整3.正反轉(zhuǎn)換4.語態(tài)對(duì)譯5.長句的翻譯一、詞的翻譯1.詞義選擇2.詞類轉(zhuǎn)換3.詞的增補(bǔ)4.詞的省略5.詞的替代Contents二、句子翻譯一、詞的翻譯2一、詞的翻譯1.詞義選擇1）在得病以前，我受父母寵愛，在家中橫行霸道。BeforeIfellill,Ihadbeenthebullyunderourroofsowingtomydotingparents.橫行霸道:為所欲為，想干什么就干什么GeteverythingmyownwayGetallthingsmyownwayBebully一、詞的翻譯1.詞義選擇32）釣魚可分為三個(gè)階段。Therearethreestatesforfishing.“三個(gè)階段”在這里指釣魚的三種境界，因此不譯為threestages。3）他是個(gè)墻頭草，誰硬就跟誰。Healwayssitsonthefenceandfallsonthesideofthestronger.2）釣魚可分為三個(gè)階段。42.詞類轉(zhuǎn)換1）吃頭兩個(gè)主菜時(shí)，也是贊不絕口。Youwillbefullofpraisewhileeatingthefirsttwomaincourses.2）這樣，每個(gè)地方都有自己的傳說，風(fēng)俗也就衍傳了下來。Thus,everyplace,withitsownlegendsandfolktales,hasitstraditionsandcustomspassedonfromgenerationtogeneration.2.詞類轉(zhuǎn)換53）所以人們對(duì)于大自然，全都一致并深深地依賴著。Therefore,everyonehasbecomeunanimouslyandprofoundlydependentonNature.4）大自然對(duì)人的恩賜，無論貧富，一律平等。People,poororrich,areequallyfavoredbyNature.3）所以人們對(duì)于大自然，全都一致并深深地依賴著。63.詞的增補(bǔ)1）有水有魚的地方大都是有好環(huán)境的，好環(huán)境便會(huì)給人好心情。Aplacewithwaterandfishisnecessarilyblessedwithanicesetting,whichinreturnkeepspeopleingoodmood.2）黃鼠狼給雞拜年。Theweaselgoestopayrespectstothehen—notwiththebestofintentions.3.詞的增補(bǔ)74.詞的省略1）種植莊稼和葡萄，釀酒和飲酒，喂牛和擠奶，鋤草和栽花……Plantingcropsandgrapes,brewinganddrinkingwines,raisingandmilkingcows,weedingthegardenandplantingflowers…4.詞的省略82）用點(diǎn)畫成線，用線畫成平面，用平面畫成立體。Withpointsyoucanmakealine;withline,planes;withplanes,solids.3）于是轉(zhuǎn)怒為喜，轉(zhuǎn)贊美為責(zé)備挑剔，轉(zhuǎn)首肯為搖頭。Thenhappinessturnstoanger,praisetoscoldingandnit-picking,andhead-noddingtohead-shaking.2）用點(diǎn)畫成線，用線畫成平面，用平面畫成立體。95.詞的替代1）狡猾的人輕視學(xué)問；愚昧的人羨慕學(xué)問；聰明的人利用學(xué)問。Craftymencontemnstudies,simplemenadmirethem,andwisemenusethem.5.詞的替代102）自周秦以來，中國是一個(gè)封建社會(huì)，其政治是封建的政治，其經(jīng)濟(jì)是封建的經(jīng)濟(jì)。FromtheZhouandQinDynastiesonwards,Chinesesocietywasfeudal,aswereitspoliticsandeconomy.3）得罪了你就得罪了你。Ifyouwereoffended,sobeit.2）自周秦以來，中國是一個(gè)封建社會(huì)，其政治是封建的政治，其經(jīng)11二、句子翻譯1.確定主干漢語句子的主干：主語－－謂語1.1確定主語1）這個(gè)地區(qū)雨水較多。A:Itrainsalotinthisarea.B:Thisareaseesmuchrain.C:Thereismuchraininthisarea.二、句子翻譯1.確定主干122）信不信是你自己的事。Itisyourconcernwhetheryoubelievemeornot.3）最好是等他們回來。Itmaybeadvisabletowaittilltheycomeback.4）勤能補(bǔ)拙。Itisdiligencethatmakesfordeficiency.2）信不信是你自己的事。131.2確定謂語1）在人際關(guān)系上我們不要太浪漫主義。Weshouldn’tbetooromanticabouthumanrelationships.2）當(dāng)他活著一天，總要盡量多工作、多學(xué)習(xí)，不肯虛度年華，不讓時(shí)間白白地浪費(fèi)掉。Aslongastheyarealive,theyalwaysworkandstudyashardaspossible,unwillingtodreamtheirlifeaway,letalonewasteevenasinglemomentoftheirlives.1.2確定謂語142.語序調(diào)整1）釣魚是一項(xiàng)能夠陶冶性情的運(yùn)動(dòng)，有益于身心健康。Fishingisanoutdoorsportthatcanhelpcultivateyourmindanditisgoodforourmentalandphysicalhealth.2.語序調(diào)整152）我在山坡的小屋里，悄悄掀起窗簾，窺見園中大千世界，一片喧鬧。Withoutbeingnoticed,Iliftedthecurtaininmysmallroom,onlytospythebustleofakaleidoscopicworlddowninthegarden.2）我在山坡的小屋里，悄悄掀起窗簾，窺見園中大千世界，一片喧163）一霎時(shí)，一陣被人摒棄，為世所遺忘的悲憤兜上心頭，禁不住痛哭起來。Innotime,Iwasthrownintoafeelingofsorrowfulangeratbeingforgottenandabandonedbytherestoftheworldandcouldnothelpcryingmyheartout.3）一霎時(shí)，一陣被人摒棄，為世所遺忘的悲憤兜上心頭，禁不住痛173.正反轉(zhuǎn)換1）他光著腳進(jìn)了屋子。Heenteredtheroomwithnoshoeson.2）那個(gè)房間的窗戶總是關(guān)著。Thewindowsofthatroomwereneveropen.3.正反轉(zhuǎn)換183）學(xué)習(xí)外語離不開好的詞典。Agooddictionaryisindispensableforlearningaforeignlanguage.4）她忍住了沒有笑出聲。Sherefrainedfromlaughing.5）我不能忍