經濟asa217年真題2017春

Paper2DataResponseand MarchMARKumMark:Thismarkschemeispublishedasanaidtoteachersandcandidates,toindicatetherequirementsoftheexamination.ItshowsthebasisonwhichExaminerswereinstructedtoawardmarks.ItdoesnotindicatethedetailsofthediscussionsthattookceatanExaminers’meetingbeforemarkingbegan,whichwouldhaveconsideredtheacceptabilityofalternativeanswers.Markschemesshouldberead onjunctionwiththequestionpaperandthePr ipalExaminerReportforCambridgewillnotenterintodiscussionsaboutthesemarkCambridgeispublishingthemarkschemesfortheMarch2017seriesformostCambridgeIGCSE?,CambridgeInternationalAandASLevelcomponentsandsomeCambridgeOLevelcomponents.?IGCSEis

consistsof7printed?UCLES [TurnTheUnited(11Services,or e(orInvestmentandDividends) eor(1e,orInterest,(1(13Ifthecandidateprovidesdetailsononecomponente.g.interest,profitsanddividendsthisisnotconsideredasthreecomponentsandcanscore1markum.Foridentificationofarelevant (14Thefactorsthepriceelasticityofdemandfor portsto,andimportsfrom,Vietnam:i.e.whethertheMarshall-Lernerconditionissatisfiedthetimeperiodunderconsiderationi.e.thethepriceelasticityofsupply whetherthedevaluationoftheDongoffsetsthedevaluationoftheyuantariffs,quotasandotherformsofprotectionismifthesearereasedorimposedinresponsetothedevaluationoftheyuantherelativeratesofinflationinVietnamandForexnationofthis (2marksumperPleaseusethetextboxtoshowtheallocationofmarkstoeachpartofthequestion.Foradiagram:1markforcorrectshiftofcurveand1markforthechangeinequilibriumpriceandty(upto2andexnation(1mark)oftheexpectedhelpasaresultofsubsidiesforallVietnamesegoods.(Upto3Foradiagram:1markforcorrectshiftofcurveand1markforthechangeinequilibriumpriceandty(upto2andexnation(1mark)oftheexpectedhelpasaresultoftheboycottofgoods.(Upto3Nodiagram:2marksPleaseusethetextboxtoshowtheallocationofmarkstoeachpartofthequestion.6ThediagramshouldshowanreaseinthesupplyofVietnamesegoodsasaresultofthesubsd afallintheirprice.Anex am.ThediagramshouldshowadecreaseinthedemandforgoodsoranreaseindemandforVietnamesegoodsinthecaseofaboycott.Adiagramshowingbothanreaseinsupplyandadecreaseindemandforgoods/reaseindemandforVietnamesegoodsisanacceptableapproach.ForaclearunderstandingofthePripleofComparativeAdvantagewithduereferencetoloweropportunitycost.(1ForapplicationofthePripleofComparativeshowinghowthepr iplecanbeusedtojustifysupportforinf (Upto3marks)showinghowthepr ipledoesnotjustifysupportforindustriesthatlacktherequiredpotential(Upto36ThePripleofComparativeAdvantagestatesthatcountriesshouldspecialiseintheproductionofthosegoodsthattheycanproduceatthelowestopportunitycost.Thosegoodsthathavethe‘potentialtocompete’couldbeconsideredasinfantindustriesandtheyaretheonesthatcoulddevelopthelowestopportunitycost.Economictheorysuggeststhattheseindustriesshouldbesupported.(4marksumforIfthecandidatejustifiessupportwithoutreferencetothepripleofcomparativeadvantagethen2umforForareasonedconclusionwithreferencetothepripleofcomparativeadvantage Pleaseusethetextboxtoshowtheallocationofmarkstoeachpartofthequestion.publicgoodsintermsofnon-excludability (Upto2privategoodsintermsofexcludabilityandrivalry (Upto2marks)8Publicgoods,ontrasttoprivategoods,arenon-excludableandnon-rival(andnon-rejeprovidedbytheprivatesectortherewouldbetheiderproblemmeaningthatnoprofitcouldbemadefromtheirForapplicationshowingwhyprofitcanbemadeinthesupplyofprivategoods(Upto3marks)butnotinthesupplyofpublicgoodsbecauseofthe-riderproblemthatmeansthatapricecannotbecharged(Upto3(4marksumforForMeritgoodsareunder-consumedbecauseof Thequestionrelatestotheunder-consumptionofmeritgoodsandsuccessfulanswerswillfocusuponthewayinwhichpoliciescanreaseconsumptionasrequired.Referencestopriceareonlyrelevantastheyrelatetothetyumpricessetthepriceofthemeritgoodbelowequilibriumsothatthemeritgood esmoreaffordable.Thiswillmakeconsumersmorewillingtobuy,butashortagewilldevelopsotyconsumedwillactuallyfallunlesstheernmenttakesfurtheractionsuchassubsidising nsaredesignedtoimproveinformationandasaresult reasethedemandforthemeritgood,raisingpriceandleadingtoanextensioninsupply.Theweaknessofthismethodisthatthesenstendtobeexpensiveandtheymaynotbesuccessfulifpoorlydesigned.exininghowumpricesmightworktoreaseprovisionwithduereferencetothestrengthsandweaknessesofthisapproach.(Upto6exininghoweducationnmightworktoreaseprovisionwithduereferencetothestrengthsandweaknessesofthisapproach.(Upto6(8marksumforForevaluationassessingwhichisthemosteffectiveinreasingconsumptionwithduereferencetothestrengthsandweaknesseinedintheysis.(Upto3marks)andprovidingareasonedconclusion(1mark)Forknowledgeandunderstandingoftheconceptofpriceelasticityofsupply8ThesupplyofaproductmightbeinelasticForanaccurateformula (Upto2marks)(Ifnoformulathenallow1markforanunderstandingofwhattheconceptmeasures)Forsomeelaboratione.g.disttionbetweenelasticand (Upto2marks)(4ithasalongproductionTherearefewavailabletosupplyfromThereisashortageofresourcesrequiredtoproduceThetimeperiodunderconsiderationisalsorelevantandcanexacerbatetheaboveForapplicationtoshowthereasonsfortheinelasticityofsupplyofaproduct.Foranyonefactorex (Upto3Soatleast2factorinedrequiredforfullmarksforapplication.(4marksumforForysisofmeasuresthatmightbetakenbybusinessesto reasetheelasticityofsupplyForex ininganyonewayinwhichbusinessesmightattempttoreasetheelasticityofsupplyandanassessmentofthestrengthsandweaknessesofthisapproach (Upto6marks)Candidatesshouldconsiderthecausesofinelasticityandsuggestwaysinwhichbusinessesmightattempttocouncteachone.Forexample,theymightreasestockssothatsupplycanbereasedformstockwhenpricse.Evaluativecommentmightbethatthisisexpensiveandimpracticalrtainproducts.Anothermethodisreasingtherequiredresourcesforexampletraininglabour.Againthismightproveexpensiveandbeimpracticaliftheeconomyisatfullemployment.Sethisrelatestobusinessesratherthanernmentsubsidiesorotherernmentpoliciesarenotrelevant.Measuresthatreasethetydratherthantheelasticityofsupplyshouldnotbecredited.(8marksumforForevaluationassessingwhetherthemeasurestakenarelikelytobesuccessfulwithduereferencetothestrengthsandweaknesseinedintheysis.(Upto3marks)andreachingaconclusiononwhetheranyarelikelytobesuccessful(1mark)Forknowledgeandunderstandingofwhatisusedasmoneyinamoderneconomy(Upto4marks)8Candidatesshouldmakereferencetocashanddeposits.Thereshouldbesomeunderstandingofthevariousformsofnearmoney.Forastatementofwhatmoneyisintermsofgeneralacceptabilityinsettlementofdebt Foranexnationofwhtsasmoneyinamoderneconomy.Cashandbankdeposits. (Upto3marks)ThetyTheoryofMoneyisnotnecessarybutcanbecredited.Candidatesshoulddescribehowanreaseinthemoneysupplycantriggerspendingandcausedemand-pullNoreferencetobankdepositsumof2Forapplicationshowinghowanreaseinthemoneysupplycancauseinflation. Forysisthatex(Upto6(Upto6(8marksumforTheinternalconsequencesludethehaphazardre-distributionof e,thenegativeimpactuponsavingsandinvestment,shoe-leathercostsandcosts.Theexternalconsequencesarethatthegoodsoftheeconomythatexperiencesinflationwill petitivewithconsequencesforthateconomy’sbalanceofpaymentsandexchangerate.Forevaluationassessingthecircumstancesunderwhichtheinternalconsequencesmightbemoreseriousforanopeneconomy(3marks)andludingaconclusionregardingwhetherthisislikelytooccur(1mark)Theexternalconsequencesmightbelessseriousiftherateofinflationinaneconomyislowerthanthatompetitornations.Also,theimpactoftheinflationmightbeoffsetbyadeclineintheexchangerate.(4marks劍橋國際考試劍橋國際高級附屬和高級經濟學9708/222數(shù)據(jù)響應和 2017年3月20173IGCSEAASLevel分劍橋OLevel部分的評分方案。IGCSE7UCLES20179708/22AS/ALevel201731(a)(i（11(a)()服務或無形資產（1分）主要收入（或投資收入，或利息、利潤和股息）（1分）次要收入或轉移（1）3視為三個組成部分，最多可獲得1分。1(b)（1）（1）（2）顯示問題各部分的分