定語從句第一課時關系代詞和關系副詞課件-初升高英語銜接課程

AttributiveclauseGrammarAttributivesQuestion:Whichisanattributiveclause?Theredteam2.Theteaminred3.TheteamwhoarewearingredprepositionalphraseattributiveclauseadjectiveTheteamwhoarewearingredAttributiveclause一、概念在復合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句，稱為定語從句。其句子功能相當于形容詞的作用，所以也叫形容詞性從句。TheteamwhoarewearingredAttributiveclause二、結構先行詞+關系詞+從句先行詞關系詞（引導詞）先行詞是定語從句所修飾的名詞或代詞；而關系詞是引導定語從句的詞，分為關系代詞和關系副詞Theteamwhoarewearingred關系詞引導定語從句代替先行詞在從句中擔當一個成分如主語subject，賓語object，狀語adverbial等三、關系詞的作用

1）

2）

3）四、關系詞分類關系詞先行詞從句成分代詞whowhomthatwhich形容詞whose副詞whenwherewhyas人/物主/賓/表

1.Doyouknowthemanwho/thatspokeatthemeetingjustnow?2.Thatisthehousewhich/that/\helivedintenyearsago.3.Heisnotthemanthatheusedtobe.4.Themostimportantthingthat/\weshouldpayattentiontoisthefirstthingthatIhavesaid.指人，作主語指物，作賓語指物，作賓語指人，作表語5.MartinVanBurenwastheeighthPresidentoftheUnitedStatesandthefirstpresidentwhosenativelanguagewasnotEnglishbutDutch.6.Lookout!Don’tgettooclosetothehousewhoseroofisunderrepair.指人，作定語指物，作定語指時間，作時間狀語指地點，作地點狀語指原因，作原因狀語四、關系詞分類關系詞先行詞從句成分代詞whowhomthatwhich形容詞whose副詞whenwherewhy人人人/物物as人/物主/賓/表

主/賓賓主/賓/表主/賓/表人/物定時間時間狀語地點地點狀語原因原因狀語五、定語從句解題步驟一、擴定語從句（從________擴起，擴到從句結束；剩下的應該是主句）二、看定語從句的結構（是否缺主干成分），確定用關系代詞還是關系副詞還是形容詞？1、定從缺主、賓、表，用關系代詞；2、定從不缺主、賓、表，用關系副詞；3、要不要用whose+n引導定從；三、看先行詞指人還是物；時間、地點還是原因？PracticeTheman_________standsthereisTom.Thegirl____________ImetisMsLi.Theboy________watchwaslostisTom.Thebook_________liesonthedeskishis.Thepen___________youboughtisgood.Themagazine________coverisredisnice.Thisisthefactory_____Iworked.

Thisistheplace_______Ivisitedyesterday.who/thatwhom/who/thatwhosewhich/thatwhich/thatwhosewherethat/whichPractice9.Theschoolshop,___________customersaremainlystudents,isclosedfortheholidays.10.Iwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriends,__________weenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake.11.Betweenthetwopartsoftheconcertisaninterval,______theaudiencecanbuyice-cream.12.Theprizewillgotothewriter_________storyshowsthemostimagination.whosewhosewherewhenPractice13.Isthereabookshoparound_____IcanbuyanEnglishdictionary?14.Theman______livesnexttousismyEnglishteacher.15.Thegirl______yousawinthestreetisMary.16.Weallrememberthedays_____westudiedtogetheratschool.17.Thereason_______heexplainedwasworthconsidering.wherewho/whom/thatthat/whichwho/thatwhen六、定語從句的補充要點

注意點1：關系詞的省略例：ThegirlyousawinthestreetisMary.Theadviceheputforwardwasgood.省略的條件：1）在限制性定語從句中;2）關系代詞;3）在從句中作賓語Themostimportantthing______weshouldpayattentiontoisthefirstthing______Ihavesaid.A.that,which B.\,which C.which,\ D.\,\D引導定語從句只能用that，不能用which的場合1、先行詞是all,everything,something,anything,nothing,none,few,little,much等不定代詞；或是先行詞被all,every,some,any,no,few,little等修飾時；如：IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyouintown?2、先行詞被形容詞最高級或有序數(shù)詞thefirst,thesecond…,thelast修飾時；如：Thefirstthingthatweshoulddoistoworkoutaplan.注意點2注意點23、先行詞被theonly，thevery,theright修飾；如：ThisistheonlyanswerthatIcangiveyounow.4、先行詞既有人又有物時；如：Canyourememberthescientistandhistheorythatwehavelearned?5、當主句是由which引導的特殊問句時，為了避免重復如：WhichistheT-shirtthatfitsmemost?whose+n.引導的定語從句的轉換例，Ihaveabookwhosecoverisgreen.=Ihaveabookthecoverofwhichisgreen.=Ihaveabookofwhichthecoverisgreen.歸納：whose+n可以轉換為：1）the+n.ofwhom(先行詞是人)/the+n.ofwhich(先行詞是物)2）ofwhomthe+n.(先行詞是人)/ofwhichthe+n.(先行詞是物)【提示】轉換后的兩種結構中的關鍵：名詞前必須加定冠詞the。注意點3Lookout!Don’tgettooclosetothehouse_______roofisunderrepair.A.whoseB.whichC.ofwhichD.thatAThemanpulledoutagoldwatch,_______weremadeofsmalldiamonds.A.thehandsofwhomB.whosethehandsC.whichthehandsofD.thehandsofwhichDthat/who(m)指代人時的區(qū)別當先行詞是persons,people,those或he,one,all,anyone,they等詞時，多用who(m)。如，Thosewhoareformyplanputupyourhands.2.當關系代詞在從句中作表語時用that（在限制性定語從句中）。如，Sheisnotthewomanthatsheusedtobe.她已經不是過去的她了。3.避免重復。如，Whowasthemanthatyoudancedwithlastnight?注意點4注意點5as引導限制性定語從句1.IhaveboughtsuchawatchaswasadvertisedonTV.2.Heissoniceapersonaseveryonerespectsandlikes.3.Wearefacingthesameproblemsaswehadyearsago.

4.I’veneverseensuchafoolasheis.

指物，作主語指人，作賓語指物，作賓語指物，作表語歸納：當限制性定語從句缺主干，且先行詞被thesame,so,such,as修飾時，用as引導Thisissuchadifficultproblem______Ican’tsolve.Thisissuchadifficultproblem______Ican’tsolveit.asthat定語從句結果狀語從句歸納：當從句缺主干時，用such/so…as引導定語從句；當從句不缺主干時，用such/so…that引導結果狀語從句；誤區(qū)警示誤區(qū)警示thesame+先行詞that從句（指同一物）as從句（指同類物品但不同物）例，ItwasthesamepenthatIlostyesterday.這支筆就是我昨天丟失的那支筆.IboughtthesamepenasIlostyesterday.我買了一支和我昨天丟失的那支筆一樣的筆.Thisis

注意點6一些特殊的先行詞當定語從句結構的主干成分齊(即主、賓、表成分齊），而且先行詞為case,situation,point,system,activity,war,scene,

stage,

atmosphere等，關系副詞用where.但是，當先行詞為occasion時，關系副詞用when.如，Theyhavereachedthepoint_________theyhavetoseparatewitheachother.Rememberthatthereisstillonepoint_________wemustmakeclear.that/whichwhere

注意點7：theway作先行詞1.若定語從句缺主語、賓語或表語，用that,which,\(作賓語)2.若定語從句不缺主語、賓語或表語，用that,inwhich,\Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbut______hesaidit.A.thewayB.inthewaythatC.inthewayD.thewaywhichATheway________youthoughtoftosolvetheproblemiswonderful.A.whichB.inwhichC.whomD.whoseAIdon’tlike_______youlearnEnglish.A.thewayB.thewayinthatC.thewaywhichD.thewayofwhichA

注意點8：帶插入語的定語從句例，ThereisanexpressioninhiseyesthatIcan’tunderstand.插入語有:sb.think/believe/suppose/imagine/besure/beafraid等；解題技巧：把插入語劃去不看Iwillhiretheman_______theysayisagoodEnglishspeaker.A.whoB.whatC.whichD.whomAAnothertry1.Thebeautifulvillage,_______wespentourholidaylastmonth,liesatthefootofamountain.A.what B.thatC.which D.whereD2.Wearetryingtoreachapoint____bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.which B.thatC.where D.whenCD4.IwasborninNewOrleans,Louisiana,acity_____thenamewillcreateapictureofbeautifultreesandgreengrassinourmind.A.which B.ofwhichC.that D.whoseB5.Wefeedchildren______we

think

arehungry.whomB.who C.whoseD.theyBChecktheanswers1.Thebookwhich/that/\youwant