新教材高中英語UNIT5POEMS預(yù)習(xí)新知早知道學(xué)案新人教版選擇性

UNIT5POEMSⅠ.匹配詞義a．單詞匹配()1.sorrow A．a(chǎn)dj.空白的；無圖畫(或韻律、裝飾)的； 沒表情的 n．空白；空格()2.rhyme B．n.情緒；心情；語氣()3.diamond C．vt.修改；潤色；拋光 n．上光劑；拋光；擦亮()4.amateur D．n.悲傷；悲痛；傷心事 vi.感到悲傷()5.mood E．n.astrongregularrepeatedpattern ofsoundsormovements()6.delicate F．n.thelatesttimeordatebywhich somethingshouldbecompleted()7.revolve G．n.apreciousstoneofpurecarbon， thehardestnaturallyoccurringsubstance()8.blank H．n.業(yè)余愛好者 adj.業(yè)余的；業(yè)余愛好的()9.deadline I．a(chǎn)dj.精美的；精致的；脆弱的()10.polish J．vi.旋轉(zhuǎn)；環(huán)繞；轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)[答案]1—5DEGHB6—10IJAFCb．短語匹配()1.tothepoint A．由……組成(構(gòu)成)()2.bepopularwith B．有意義；講得通()3.bemadeupof C．簡(jiǎn)單恰當(dāng)；簡(jiǎn)潔中肯()4.makesense D．受……歡迎()5.betranslatedinto E．被翻譯成[答案]1—5CDABEⅡ.默寫單詞1．literaryadj. 文學(xué)的；愛好文學(xué)的； 有文學(xué)作品特征的2．nurseryadj. 幼兒教育的n. 托兒所；保育室3．folkadj. 民間的；民俗的；普通百姓的4．teasevi.&vt. 取笑(某人)；揶揄；逗弄5．syllablen. 音節(jié)6．a(chǎn)waitvt. 等候；期待；將發(fā)生在7．uttervt. 出聲；說；講adj. 完全的；十足的；徹底的8．prejudicen. 偏見；成見vt. 使懷有(或形成)偏見9．complicatedadj. 復(fù)雜的；難懂的10．sowvt.&vi. 播種；種Ⅰ.選詞填空utter；tease；sorrow；deadline；await；blank；complicated；version；polish；prejudice1．Theysaidthatthedecisionwasmademoreinsorrowthaninanger.2．ThereislittleprejudiceagainstworkersfromotherEUstates.3．ThesituationinLebanonisverycomplicated．4．Hepolishedhisglasseswithahandkerchief.5．Ihopewecanfinishthisbeforethedeadline．6．TheEnglishversionofthenovelisdueforpublicationnextyear.7．Sheturnedtoablankpageinhernotebook.8．Hesmackedhislipsbutdidnotutteraword.9．Don'tteasehimabouthisweight，you'rebeingcruel.10．Weknowthatmanydifficultiesawaitus.Ⅱ.語法填空之派生詞1．Theyfinishedfirstandsecondrespectively(respective)．2．Hisbehaviourwascompletelybeyondcomprehension(comprehend)．3．ShemetpeopleinLondonwhoweresympathetic(sympathy)totheIndianfreedomstruggle.4．Heryoungestchildisatnursery(nurse)now.5．Irefusedtoenterintoanycorrespondence(correspond)withhimaboutit.6．Theyhavepledged(保證)toendracial(race)discriminationinareassuchasemployment.1．Therearevariousreasonswhypeoplecomposepoetry.人們寫詩的原因是多方面的。2．Oneofthesimplestkindsofpoemisthe“l(fā)istpoem”，whichcontainsalistofthings，people，ideas，ordescriptionsthatdevelopaparticulartheme.最簡(jiǎn)單的一種詩是“清單詩”，它包含了一系列發(fā)展特定主題的事物、人物、思想或描述。3．Listpoemshaveaflexiblelinelengthandrepeatedphraseswhichgivebothapatternandarhythmtothepoem.清單詩有一個(gè)靈活的行長(zhǎng)度和重復(fù)的短語，這給詩歌提供了一種模式和節(jié)奏。4．Anothersimpleformofpoemthatamateurscaneasilywriteisthecinquain，whichismadeupoffivelines.另一種業(yè)余愛好者很容易寫的簡(jiǎn)體詩是由五行組成的，叫作五行詩。5．Withsomanydifferentformsofpoetrytochoosefrom，youmayeventuallywanttowritepoemsofyourown.有這么多不同形式的詩歌可供選擇，你也許最終想寫屬于你自己的詩了。詞語助讀①composepoetry撰寫詩歌composern．[C]作曲者，作曲家②conveyvt.表達(dá)，傳遞(思想、感情等)③sorrown．[U]悲傷；悲痛；傷心事vi.感到悲傷④distinctiveadj.獨(dú)特的，特別的，有特色的⑤economicaluseofwords簡(jiǎn)練的用詞economicaladj.簡(jiǎn)潔的，節(jié)儉的，節(jié)約的⑥literarydevices文學(xué)手法literaryadj.文學(xué)的；愛好文學(xué)的；有文學(xué)作品特征的⑦linen．[C]詩行，字行，便條，留言條，歌詞⑧rhymen．[C]押韻詞；押韻的短詩vi.&vt.(使)押韻⑨folksongsn．[C]民歌，民謠folkadj.民間的；民俗的；普通百姓的⑩tothepoint簡(jiǎn)單恰當(dāng)，簡(jiǎn)潔中肯?recitevt.背誦；吟誦；列舉?adiamondring一枚鉆戒diamondn．[U，C]鉆石；金剛石；[C]菱形?lookingglassn．[C]鏡子[構(gòu)詞法]lookingglass是由“v.-ing＋n.”構(gòu)成的復(fù)合名詞。類似的詞還有：sleepingpill(安眠藥)，diningcar(火車的餐車)，livingroom(客廳)等。?flexibleadj.靈活的，可變動(dòng)的?amateurn．[C]業(yè)余愛好者adj.業(yè)余的；業(yè)余愛好的?bemadeupof由……組成(構(gòu)成)?moodn．[C]情緒；心情；語氣?formatn．[C]格式；總體安排；(出版物的)版式vt.格式化?respectivelyadv.分別；各自；依次為respectiveadj.分別的；各自的?delicateadj.精美的；精致的；脆弱的eq\o(○,\s\up2(21))inparticular尤其，特別eq\o(○,\s\up2(22))transformvt.使改變外觀(或性質(zhì))，使改觀；使改變形態(tài)人物小傳王建(768—835)，字仲初，潁川(現(xiàn)河南省許昌市)人，唐朝詩人。出身寒微，中過進(jìn)士，曾一度從軍，也做過官，晚年無妻無子，生活凄苦。他的詩題材廣泛，思想深刻，多反映社會(huì)生活和人民疾苦。名篇有《田家行》《水夫謠》《羽林行》《射虎行》《古從軍》《渡遼水》《田家留客》《望夫石》等。原文呈現(xiàn)AFEWSIMPLEFORMSOFENGLISHPOEMSTherearevariousreasonswhypeoplecomposepoetry①[1]．Somepoemstellastoryordescribeacertainimageinthereader'smind.Otherstrytoconvey②certainfeelingssuchasjoyandsorrow③.Thedistinctive④characteristicsofpoetryoftenincludeeconomicaluseofwords⑤，descriptiveandvividlanguage，integratedimagery，literarydevices⑥suchassimilesandmetaphors，andarrangementofwords，lines⑦，rhymes⑧，andrhythm.Poetsusemanydifferentformsofpoetrytoexpressthemselves.Nowwewilllookatafewofthesimplerforms.[1]畫線部分為why引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞variousreasons。SomeofthefirstpoemsayoungchildlearnsinEnglish[2]arenurseryrhymes.Theyareusuallythetraditionalpoemsorfolksongs⑨.Thelanguageoftheserhymes，likePoemA，istothepoint⑩buthasastoryline.Manychildrenenjoynurseryrhymesbecausetheyrhyme，haveastrongrhythm，andoftenrepeatthesamewords.Thepoemsmaynotmakesenseandevenseemcontradictory，buttheyareeasytolearnandrecite?.[3]Byplayingwiththewordsinnurseryrhymes，childrenlearnaboutlanguage.[2]畫線部分為定語從句，修飾先行詞Someofthefirstpoems，此處的先行詞被序數(shù)詞thefirst修飾，關(guān)系詞宜用that而不用which，但由于關(guān)系詞在該定語從句中作賓語，故被省略。[3]本句是由but連接的并列句。but后的分句屬于“主語＋be＋adj.(＋forsb.)＋不定式”句型。AHush，littlebaby，don'tsayaword，Papa'sgonnabuyyouamockingbird.Ifthatmockingbirdwon'tsing，Papa'sgonnabuyyouadiamondring?.Ifthatdiamondringturnstobrass，Papa'sgonnabuyyoualookingglass?.Ifthatlooking-glassgetsbroke，Papa'sgonnabuyyouabillygoat.Ifthatbillygoatwon'tpull，Papa'sgonnabuyyouacartandbull.Oneofthesimplestkindsofpoemisthe“l(fā)istpoem”，whichcontainsalistofthings，people，ideas，ordescriptionsthatdevelopaparticulartheme.[4]Listpoemshaveaflexible?linelengthandrepeatedphraseswhichgivebothapatternandarhythmtothepoem.Somerhyme[likeBandC]，whileothersdonot.[4]本句為主從復(fù)合句。which在此引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞the“l(fā)istpoem”；該定語從句中又包含一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞alistofthings，people，ideas，ordescriptions。BMotherHundredsofstarsinthedeepbluesky，Hundredsofshellsontheshoretogether，Hundredsofbirdsthatgosingingby，Hundredsofbeesinthesunnyweather，Hundredsofdewdropstogreetthedawn，Hundredsofbeesinthepurpleclover，Hundredsofbutterfliesonthelawn，Butonlyonemothertheworldover.GeorgeCooperCLIFELifecanbegood，Lifecanbebad，Lifeismostlycheerful，butsometimessadLifecanbedreams，LifecanbegreatthoughtsLifecanmeanaperson，Sittingincourt.Anothersimpleformofpoemthatamateurs?caneasilywriteisthecinquain，whichismadeupof?fivelines.Withthese，youcanconveyastrongpictureoracertainmood?injustafewwords.Lookattheexample[D]．DBrotherBeautiful，athleticTeasing，shouting，laughingFriendandenemytooMineHaikuisaJapaneseformofpoetrythatconsistsof17syllables.Ithasaformat?ofthreelines，containing5，7，and5syllablesrespectively?[5]．ItisnotatraditionalformofEnglishpoetry，butisverypopularwithEnglishwriters.Itiseasytowriteand，likethecinquain，cangiveaclearpictureandcreateaspecialfeelingusingveryfewwords.Thehaikupoem[E]ontherightisatranslationfromJapanese，whichshowsamomentinthelifeofadelicate?butterfly.[5]畫線部分為v.-ing短語作狀語。EAfallenblossomIscomingbacktothebranch.Look，abutterfly!EnglishspeakersalsoenjoypoemsfromChina，thosefromtheTangDynastyinparticulareq\s\up2(\o(○,\S\UP2(21))).AlotofTangpoetryhasbeentranslatedintoEnglish，suchasthisone[F]．FWheresheawaitsherhusbandOnandontheriverflows.Neverlookingback，Transformedeq\s\up2(\o(○,\S\UP2(22)))intostone.Daybydayuponthemountaintop，windandrainrevolve.Shouldthetravellerreturn，thisstonewouldutterspeech.WangJianWithsomanydifferentformsofpoetrytochoosefrom[6]，youmayeventuallywanttowritepoemsofyourown.Giveitatry![6]畫線部分為with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，動(dòng)詞不定式短語在此表示動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生。譯文參考英文詩歌類型簡(jiǎn)介人們寫詩的原因是多方面的。有些詩歌講述了一個(gè)故事，或描述了讀者心中的某個(gè)形象。其他詩歌試圖傳達(dá)某些情感，如快樂和悲傷。詩歌的顯著特點(diǎn)通常包括：用詞簡(jiǎn)潔；語