高中英語Unit4EarthquakesSectionⅡWarmingUpReading-LanguagePoints學(xué)案新人教版必修

SectionⅡWarmingUp&Reading—LanguagePointsrightaway立刻；馬上(經(jīng)典例句)Youdon’tlookwell.You’dbettergoandseeadoctorrightaway.你臉色不好，最好趕緊去看看醫(yī)生吧。eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(rightnow,atonce,immediately,innotime))立刻，馬上Heisinjuredbadlyintheaccident,andyoushouldcallinthedoctorrightaway.他在事故中受傷嚴(yán)重，你應(yīng)該立即請(qǐng)醫(yī)生來。[鏈接寫作]——完成句子①他沒馬上回答我的問題，這使我很傷心。Hedidn’tanswermyquestionrightaway,whichmademeveryupset.②如果你能立即給我回信我將感激不盡。I’dbeverygratefulifyoucanreplytomerightnow/atonce/immediately/innotime．burstvi.爆裂；爆發(fā)n．突然破裂；爆發(fā)(教材P26)Inthecity,thewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackedandburst.在市內(nèi)，有些建筑物里的水管出現(xiàn)裂縫并爆裂開來。(1)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(burstoutcrying/laughing,burstintotears/laughter))突然哭起來/笑起來burstwithanger/joy勃然大怒/心花怒放(2)burstin/into闖進(jìn)；突然破門而入①Onhearingthenews,MaryburstintolaughterwhileLucyburstoutcrying.一聽到這則消息，瑪麗突然大笑起來，而露西則突然大哭起來。②Whenwewerechattingintheroom,heburstin.當(dāng)我們正在房間里談話時(shí)他闖進(jìn)來了。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Heburstinwithoutknockingatthedoor,whichmademeveryangry.②Heburstintotheroomwithoutknockingatthedoor，whichmademeveryangry.[鏈接寫作]——完成句子/句式升級(jí)聽到唯一的兒子在地震中喪生的壞消息，這對(duì)夫婦突然哭起來。③(普通表達(dá))Whentheyheardthebadnewsthattheironlysondiedintheearthquake,thecoupleburstintotears．④(高級(jí)表達(dá))Hearingthebadnewsthattheironlysondiedintheearthquake,thecoupleburstoutcrying．(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語)短語burstin中的in是副詞，后面不接賓語；而burstinto中的into是介詞，后面應(yīng)接賓語。atanend結(jié)束；終結(jié)(經(jīng)典例句)Imustwarnyouthatmypatienceisalmostatanend.我必須警告你我快沒有耐心了。attheendof在……末端bytheendof到……為止(用于完成時(shí))intheend 最后；終于cometoanend 結(jié)束①ThemeetingwasnearlyatanendwhenIgottothemeetingroom.當(dāng)我到達(dá)會(huì)議室時(shí)，會(huì)議快要結(jié)束了。②Themeetingcametoanendandhesetdownanumberofkeywords.會(huì)議結(jié)束了，他記下許多要點(diǎn)。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Whenthejourneywasatanend,everybodyfelttiredandhungry.②Bytheendoflastyear,hehadlearned(learn)twothousandEnglishwords.③Intheend,theyreachedaplaceofsafety.[鏈接寫作]——詞匯升級(jí)④(普通表達(dá))Thespeechcontestfinished.Thankfully,Iwonthefirstprizeandmyhardworkpaidofffinally.(高級(jí)表達(dá))Thespeechcontestwasatanend.Thankfully,Iwonthefirstprizeandmyhardworkpaidoffintheend．ruinn．廢墟；毀滅vt.毀滅；使破產(chǎn)(教材P26)Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins.在可怕的15秒鐘內(nèi)，一座大城市就成了廢墟。(1)be/lieinruins成為廢墟；毀滅fallintoruins成為廢墟；破敗不堪(2)ruinone’shope/chance使某人的希望破滅/機(jī)會(huì)丟失ruinoneself 自我毀滅①Thewholecitylayinruinsaftertheearthquake，whichmadeusawakeallnight.地震之后整個(gè)城市成了一片廢墟，讓我們徹夜未眠。②Alargenumberofbuildingsfellintoruinsaftertheearthquake.地震后，許多建筑都被毀了。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Heavysmokingruins(ruin)yourhealth,soyoushouldgiveupsmoking.②Itrainedfortwoweeksonend,completelyruining(ruin)ourholiday.③Eversincetheearthquake,thistemplehasbeeninruins(ruin)．[鏈接寫作]——完成句子④依我看來，他固執(zhí)的性格和在工作中的缺點(diǎn)會(huì)毀掉他的前途的。Inmyopinion,hisstubborncharacterandshortcomingsinhisworkwillruinhisfuture．injurevt.損害；傷害(教材P26)Two-thirdsofthemdiedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake.三分之二的人在地震中喪生或受傷。(1)injureone’spride傷了某人的自尊(2)injuredadj. 受傷的，受委屈的theinjured 傷員(3)injuryn. 傷，傷口；傷害doaninjurytosb.傷害某人①Believeitornot,whatyousaidjustnowinjuredhispride.信不信由你，你剛才說的話傷了他的自尊心。②Hewasinjuredwhenhewascyclingalongthevalley.沿著山谷騎自行車時(shí)，他受傷了。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Sheinjured(injure)herselfwhileskating,whichmadeherparentsveryworried.②Theinjured(injure)weresenttohospitalrightaway.③Hesufferedinjuries(injure)tohislegsandarmswhenhefelloffthetree.shockvt.&vi.(使)震驚；震動(dòng)n．休克；打擊；震驚(經(jīng)典例句)Thenewsshockedthepublic,leadingtogreatconcernaboutstudents’safetyatschool.這個(gè)消息使公眾震驚，從而引發(fā)了公眾對(duì)在校學(xué)生安全的極大關(guān)注。(1)beashockto...使……吃驚(2)shockedadj. 震驚的；驚訝的beshockedat/by 對(duì)……吃驚beshockedtodosth.做某事很吃驚beshockedthat... 對(duì)……很震驚(3)shockingadj. 令人震驚的①Hissituationwasagreatshocktousall.他的處境使我們大家都大為震驚。②Weareshockedthatsomanypeoplewereinjuredordiedintheearthquake.我們感到震驚的是，如此多的人在地震中傷亡。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Wewereshockedattheshockingnewsthathediedsuddenlyyesterday.(shock)②I’mshocked(shock)athisdeterminedattitudetowardsthismatter.③Herfallinginlovewiththepooryoungmanwasashocktous.④Iwasshockedtohear(hear)thatourfactorywouldhavetoclose.rescuen．&vt.援救；營(yíng)救(教材P26)Someoftherescueworkersanddoctorsweretrappedundertheruins.一些救援人員和醫(yī)生被困在廢墟下面。cometo/gotosb.’srescue＝rescuesb.援救某人rescue...from... 把……從……營(yíng)救出來Whenweweretrappedintheruins,thesoldierscametoourrescue.當(dāng)我們被困在廢墟中時(shí)，士兵們趕來救援。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Atmidnightwefinallyrescued(rescue)thetouristswhoweretrappedinthevalley.②Thefirefightersrescuedfivechildrenfromtheburninghouseyesterday.③Alargenumberofsoldiersweresenttheretorescue(rescue)thosetrappedinthebuilding.trapvt.使陷入困境n．陷阱；困境(經(jīng)典例句)Whentravellingtheyweretrappedinthemountain,waitingtoberescued.旅行時(shí)，他們被困在山上，等待救援。(1)betrappedin困在……中；陷在……中trapsb.into(doing)sth.誘使某人做某事(2)fallintoatrap落入圈套①Unfortunately,theyweretrappedintheburningbuilding.不幸的是，他們被困在了失火的大樓中。②Bycleverquestioningtheytrappedhimintotellingthetruth.他們用巧妙的提問誘使他說了實(shí)話。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Therewasapowerfailure;theyweretrapped(trap)inthelift.②Trapped(trap)intheruins,thegirlstillheldapositiveattitude.buryvt.埋藏；掩埋；隱藏(教材P26)Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.部隊(duì)組織小分隊(duì)將受困的人們挖出來，將死者掩埋。(1)bury...in...把……埋到……里buryone’sfaceinhands 雙手掩面(2)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(beburiedin,bury（oneself）in))埋頭于；專心于，沉浸于①Sheburiedherfaceinherhandsandweptwhensheheardthebadnews.當(dāng)她聽到那個(gè)壞消息時(shí)，她掩面而泣。②Eversincehemovedthere,hehasbeenburiedinhisresearchwork.自從搬到那里以后，他一直專注于研究工作。[鏈接寫作]——一句多譯他埋頭學(xué)習(xí)，不知道其他人都早已離開了。①Buried(bury)inhisstudy,hedidn’tknowthatalltheothershadleft.②Burying(bury)himselfinhisstudy,hedidn’tknowthatalltheothershadleft.③Becausehewasburied(bury)inhisstudy,hedidn’tknowthatalltheothershadleft.a(great)numberof許多；大量的(教材P27)Suchagreatnumberofpeoplediedbecausethequakehappenedwhiletheyweresleeping.造成如此多的人員死亡的原因是地震發(fā)生時(shí)人們正在睡覺。anumberof很多；許多在number之前可加large,small,great等表示程度的詞。anumberof只修飾可數(shù)名詞，作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式thenumberof……的數(shù)目后接可數(shù)名詞，作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式①Agreatnumberofnewfactorieshavebeensetupinmyhometown.我的家鄉(xiāng)建立了許多新工廠。②Thenumberofgraduatesinouruniversitythisyearis2，000.我們大學(xué)今年畢業(yè)生的人數(shù)是2000。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Agreatnumberofsoldiersweresent(send)torescuethepeopletrappedintheearthquake.②Asyoucansee,thenumberofcarsonourroadskeeps(keep)risingthesedays.asif＝asthough意為“仿佛；好像”，可用來引導(dǎo)表語從句(教材P26)Itseemedasiftheworldwasatanend!仿佛到了世界末日！(1)asif從句用陳述語氣：從句表示的情況是真實(shí)的或極有可能發(fā)生的(2)asif從句用虛擬語氣：①?gòu)木溆靡话氵^去時(shí)(與現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)相反)②從句用過去完成時(shí)(與過去的事實(shí)相反)③從句用would/could/mightdo形式(與將來的事實(shí)相反)①Lookatthecloudsinthesky!Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.Let’shurryup.看看天上的烏云！看起來要下雨，咱們快一點(diǎn)。②Hetalkstothemasiftheywerechildren.他同他們說話，就當(dāng)他們是孩子一樣。[即學(xué)即練]——單句語法填空①Thekidswereveryfriendlywithherandevenlookeduptoherasifshewere(be)theirownmother.②HetalksaboutRomeasifhehadbeen(be)therebefore.③Heopenedhismouthasifhewouldsay(say)something.all...not/not...all意為“并非所有的……都……”，表示部分否定(教材P26)Allhopewasnotlost.不是所有的希望都破滅了。(1)該句為不完全否定，即部分否定。all...not/not...all等表示部分否定，其意思是“并非所有的……都……”。(2)all,both,each,every,everyone,everybody,everything,always,whole,entirely等具有總括意義的詞語與否定詞連用，構(gòu)成部分否定。①Everyboyisnotinterestedinsports.＝Noteveryboyisinterestedinsports.并非所有的男孩都喜歡運(yùn)動(dòng)。②AsfarasIknow,notbothofthemsmoke.＝AsfarasIknow,bothofthemdon’tsmoke.據(jù)我所知，他們倆不都抽煙。當(dāng)表示完全否定意義時(shí)，英語中常用no,none,nobody,nothing,noone,neither等詞與謂語動(dòng)詞的肯定式連用來表達(dá)。③Noneofuswasallowedtogothere.我們?nèi)疾槐辉试S去那里。[鏈接寫作]——一句多譯我們并非所有人都喜歡騎自行車上班。①Notallofusarefondofcyclingtowork.②Allofusarenotfondofcyclingtowork.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)品句填詞1．Balloonsmakemenervous—Ihateitwhentheyburst．2．Iwasshockedthathecouldbesocarelessthathelostthekey.3．Hesaidworkingtoohardwasinjuringhishealth.4．Thedoorwaslockedandtheyweretrappedinthebuilding.5．(2019·陜西西安長(zhǎng)安一中高一上期中)Becauseoftheglobalwarming,therearemoreandmorenaturaldisasters(災(zāi)難)．6．Noonewasinjuredintheexplosion,butthebuildingwascompletelydestroyed(破壞)．7．Afterlearningthattheboyshadbeenlostforalmost20hours,thepolicesentoutarescue(營(yíng)救)teamtolookforthem.8．Manyimportantevents(事件)happeninginouruniversityarerecordedinthebook.9．Althoughhorsesdonotgenerallymindthecold,shelterfromrainandwindisimportant.10．Wemovedintoasmallroomwithelectricity(電)butnorunningwater.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)單句改錯(cuò)1．However,theextremelyweatherinAfricadidn’tmakethemchangetheirdecisiontohelpthoseinneedthere.extremely→extreme2．AsChinadevelopsfastandsteady,anumberofforeignersislearningChineseasasecondlanguage.is→are3．Sheisalwaystalkingasthoughsheknowseverythingunderthesun.knows→knew4．Thisisoneoftheworstnaturaldisasterevertohitthearea.disaster→disasters5．Twodayslater,thefightingbetweenthetwocountrieslefttheareainruin.ruin→ruins6．ThenumberofunemployedpeopleinPolandhavegrownbymorethanaquarterinthelastmonth.have→haseq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)課文語法填空StrangethingswerehappeninginthecountrysideofnortheastHebei.However,theonemillionpeopleofthecity,1.whothoughtlittleoftheseevents,wereasleepasusualthatnight.At3：42ameverythingbegantoshakeanda2.powerful(power)earthquakehappened.Itlastedfifteenseconds,3.causing(cause)greatdamagetoeverything.Thewholecitylayin4.ruins(ruin).Thesufferingofthepeoplewasextreme.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledor5.seriously(serious)injuredreachedover400，000.Everywheretheylookednearlyeverything6.wasdestroyed(destroy).Hospitals,7.factories(factory)andbuildingsweredamaged.Animalswereaffected.Laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakeshookTangshan,whichcausedfurtherdamage.However,allhopewasnotlost.Thearmyorganizedteams8.todig(dig)outthosewhoweretrappedandtobury9.thedead.Shelterswerebuiltforsurvivors.Freshwaterwastakentothecity10.bytrain,truckandplane.Slowly,thecitybegantobreatheagain.eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)單句語法填空1．Sometimespainandsuffering(suffer)comeintoourlivesbecauseofourownwrongdecisions.2．Followingascheduleanddoingthingsontimeisextremely(extreme)importantintoday’sbusyworld.3．Luckily,theinjured(injure)driverandpassengersweresenttohospitalatonce.4．It’sreportedthatmorethan3,000housesweredestroyed(destroy)bytheterribleearthquakeyesterday.5．ThepublicwereallshockedwhentheyheardtheshockingnewsthattheplanehadlostcontactonitswaytoBeijing.(shock)6．Weshouldprotectourselvesincaseofearthquakes,rainstorms,andothernaturaldisasters(disaster)．7．Henryistheonewholikesburying(bury)hisheadinbooksandrarelypaysattentiontotheoutsideworld.8．Asareporter(report)oftheschoolnewspaper,IinterviewedProfessorWangabouthowtolearnEnglishwell.9．Lilyhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwastooheavytocarryallthewayhome.10．Whensheheardaboutthenewsthatherfatherhaddied,sheburstoutcrying(cry)．eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)閱讀理解AEverybodyhatesrats.Butintheearthquakecapitalsoftheworld—Japan,LosAngeles,Turkey—ratswillsoonbeman’snewbestfriends.Whathappensafteranearthquake?Wesendinrescuedogs.Why?Becausetheycansmellpeople.Dogssavelives.Theyhelprescuerstofindlivingpeople.Butdogsarebigandtheycan’tgetintosmallspaces.Sonowanewresearchprojectisusingasmalleranimaltosavelives：therat.Howdoesitwork?First,theratistrainedtosmellpeople.Whenthishappens,therat’sbraingivesasignal(信號(hào)).Thisissenttoasmallradioonitsback,andthentherescuersfollowtheradiosignals.Whentherat’sbrainactivityjumps,therescuersknowthatsomeoneisalive.Therathassmelledthatperson.Althoughtherearealreadyrobotswhichcandothisjob,ratsarebetter.ChristianLinsteratCornellUniversity,NewYork,says,“Robots’nosesdon’tworkwellwhenthereareothersmellsaround.Ratsaregoodatthat.”Ratscanalsoseeinthedark.Theyarecheaperandquickertotrainthandogs,andunlikerobots,theydon’tneedelectricity!The“ratproject”isnotfinished,butJulieRyanofInternationalRescueCorpsinScotlandsays,“Itwouldbefantastic.Aratcouldgetintospaceswecouldn’tgetto,andaratwouldgetoutifitwasn’tsafe.”Perhapsforthefirsttimeinhistory,peoplewillbehappytoseearatinabuilding(butonlyafteranearthquake,ofcourse)．【解題導(dǎo)語】人人痛恨的老鼠不久將在地震后的救援中成為人們的好朋友。1．Intheworldearthquakecapitals,ratswillbecomeman’sbestfriendsbecausetheycan______．A．taketheplaceofman’srescuejobsB．findthepositionofpeoplealivewhoaretrappedinbuildingsC．serveasfoodforpeoplealivewhoaretrappedinbuildingsD．getintosmallspacesB解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容可知，人們利用老鼠來搜尋地震中的被困人員，因此答案為B項(xiàng)。2．Fromthethirdparagraphweknowtherescuerscanjudgeapersonwhoisaliveby________．A．thenoisemadebytheratB．therat’sunusualbehaviourC．thesignalsentbytheradioontherat’sbackD．thesmellgivenoffbythepersonC解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Whenthishappens,therat’sbraingivesasignal(信號(hào)).Thisissenttoasmallradioonitsback,andthentherescuersfollowtheradiosignals.”可知答案為C項(xiàng)。3．Indoingrescuejobs,________．A．ratssmellbetterthandogsB．dogsdon’tneedtobetrainedtosmellpeopleC．robots’senseofsmellcanbeaffectedbyothersmellsaroundD．ratscanseeinthedarkandaresmallerthanrobotsC解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“Robots’nosesdon’tworkwellwhenthereareothersmellsaround.Ratsaregoodatthat.”可知，機(jī)器人的嗅覺會(huì)受到周圍其他氣味的影響。4．RatshaveallthefollowingadvantagesEXCEPTthat________．A．theyaremorefantasticthanotheranimalsB．theyarelessexpensivetotrainthandogsC．theydon’tneedelectricityD．theyaresmallandcangetintosmallplacesA解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段和倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容可知B、C和D項(xiàng)說法正確。A項(xiàng)文章沒有提及，故選A。BWhileyoumightnotrealizeit,theenvironmentwhereyousleepcanmakeagreatdifferenceintheactualqualityofsleepthatyougeteverynight.Withafewsimplelifestylechanges,youcancreateahealthysleepenvironmentthathelpsimproveyoursleepquality.Gotobedandgetupatthesametimeeveryday,evenonweekends,holidaysanddaysoff.Studiesshowthatpeoplewhodosoaremorerestedthanthosewhosleepirregularly(不規(guī)律地)．Gotosleeponlywhenyoustarttofeelsleepy.Ifyoudon’tfallasleepwithinabout15minutes,getupanddosomethingrelaxing.Gobacktobedwhenyouaretired.Payattentiontowhatyoueatanddrink.Don’tgotobedeitherhungryorstuffed.Yourdiscomfortmightkeepyouup.Avoidcaffeine(咖啡因)6hoursbeforeyousleep.Havingacupofcoffeewithinafewhoursofbedtimecankeepyouawakeforhourswhenyouaretryingtosleep.Coffeeisn’ttheonlyproductcontainingcaffeine.Avoidchocolateandtea,too.Alsolimit(限制)howmuchyoudrinkbeforebedtopreventtripstothetoiletatnight.ManypeopleturnontheTVbeforetheygotobed.TVinfluencesyournaturalsleephabitsbymakingyoustayuplongerthanyouusuallywould,especiallyifyouarewatchingsomethingexciting.InsteadofturningontheTV,readabook.Lightreadingbeforebedcanhelpyoufallintoadeepsleepquickly.Ifyousufferfromserioussleepproblems,gotoyourdoctor.Yourdoctorwillhelptreattheproblemormayadviseyoutoseeasleepspecialist.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。如果你想過健康幸福的生活，睡個(gè)好覺是必不可少的。相比睡眠時(shí)間長(zhǎng)短，睡眠質(zhì)量有時(shí)更為重要。5．Whatshouldyoudotomakesureyouhaveagoodsleepatweekendsaccordingtothetext?A．Getupabitlaterthanusual.B．Gotobedataregulartime.C．WatchsomerelaxingTVprograms.D．Avoiddrinkingcoffeeorteaintheday.B解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Gotobedandgetupatthesametimeeveryday,evenonweekends,holidaysanddaysoff.”可知，作者建議睡眠要有規(guī)律，每天在同一時(shí)間睡覺和起床的人休息得會(huì)更好，即便是周末也應(yīng)該這樣。6．Whatdoestheauthoradviseyoutodoifyoucan’tfallasleepafterlyinginbedfor15minutes?A．Todrinksomewater.B．Todosomelightreading.C．Tolistentolightmusic.D．Togetupandrelax.D解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Ifyoudon’tfallasleepwithinabout15minutes,getupanddosomethingrelaxing.”可知，作者認(rèn)為，如果你在床上15分鐘內(nèi)睡不著，干脆起床做些放松的事，等自己累了再回到床上睡覺。7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stuffed”inParagraph4mean?A．Havingslepttoomuch.B．Havingeatentoomuch.C．Feelingtoosad.D．Feelingtootired.B解析：詞義猜測(cè)題。第四段主題句是“Payattentiontowhatyoueatanddrink.”，后面分別講述睡覺前該如何吃、喝?！癉on’tgotobedeitherhungryorstuffed.Yourdiscomfortmightkeepyouup.”這兩句是講睡覺前該怎樣吃：睡覺時(shí)既不要餓著，也不要吃得太飽。餓著或者吃得太飽時(shí)身體會(huì)不舒服，這會(huì)讓你睡不著。由此可知，畫線單詞stuffed的意思是“吃飽的”。8．Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A．Whattodobeforegoingtobed.B．Theimportanceofsleepingwell.C．Howtoimproveyoursleepquality.D．Therelationshipbetweensleepandlifestyle.C解析：主旨大意題。本文就如何改善睡眠質(zhì)量提供了一些方法。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅲ)七選五Firstrainsoftheseasonalwaysmakeeverybodyhappy.However,asitbeginstorainoften,youwillpossiblyfeelbored.1.________Well,youcandomanyfunthings,wh