地質(zhì)工程專(zhuān)業(yè)英語(yǔ)

1地形地貌geographicandgeomorphic覆蓋層overburden工程地質(zhì)條件 engineeringgeological交錯(cuò)層理crossbeddingconditions層面beddingplane地形地貌條件geographicandgeomorphic片理schistosityconditions層理bedding地形landform板理（葉理）foliation地貌geomorphology,relief波痕ripple-mark微地貌microrelief泥痕mudcrack地貌單元landformunit,geomorphic雨痕raindropimprintsunit造巖礦物rock-formingminerals坡度grade粘土礦物claymineral地形圖reliefmap高嶺土kaolinite河谷rivervalley蒙脫石montmorillonite河道rivercourse伊利石illite河床riverbed(channel)云母mica沖溝gully,gulley,erosiongully,白云母muscovitestream(brook)黑云母biotite河漫灘floodplain(valleyflat)石英quartz階地terrace長(zhǎng)石feldspar沖積平原alluvialplain正長(zhǎng)石orthoclase三角洲delta斜長(zhǎng)石plagioclase古河道fossilrivercourse,fossil輝石pyroxene,picritestreamchannel角閃石hornblende沖積扇alluvialfan方解石calcite洪積扇diluvialfan構(gòu)造structure坡積裙talusapron結(jié)構(gòu)texture分水嶺divide組構(gòu)fabric(tissue)盆地basin礦物組成mineralcomposition巖溶地貌karstlandfeature,karst結(jié)晶質(zhì)crystallinelandform非晶質(zhì)amorphous溶洞solutioncave,karstcave產(chǎn)狀attitude落水洞sinkhole火成巖igneous土洞Karsticearthcave巖漿巖magmaticrock火山巖（熔巖）lava2地層巖性火山volcano地層geostrome(stratum,strata)侵入巖intrusive(invade)rock巖性lithologiccharacter,rock噴出巖effusiverockproperty深成巖plutonicrock巖體rockmass淺成巖pypabysalrock巖層bedstratum酸性巖acidrock巖層layer,rockstratum中性巖inter-mediaterock母巖matrix,parentrock基性巖basicrock相變facieschange超基性巖ultrabasicrock硬質(zhì)巖strongrock,film巖基rockbase(batholith)軟質(zhì)巖weakrock巖脈（墻）dike硬質(zhì)的competent巖株rockstock軟質(zhì)的incompetent巖流rockflow基巖bedrock巖蓋rocklaccolith(laccolite)巖組petrofabric巖盆rocklopolith文案大全

巖墻rockdike沉積物sediment(deposit)巖床rocksill漂石、頑石boulder巖脈veindyke卵石cobble花崗巖granite礫石gravel斑巖porphyry砂sand玢巖porphyrite粉土silt流紋巖rhyolite粘土clay正長(zhǎng)巖syenite粘粒claygrain粗面巖trachyte砂質(zhì)粘土sandyclay閃長(zhǎng)巖diorite粘質(zhì)砂土clayeysand安山巖andesite壤土、亞粘土loam輝長(zhǎng)巖gabbro砂壤土、亞砂土輕亞粘土sandyloam玄武巖basalt浮土、表土regolith(topsoil)細(xì)晶巖aplite黃土loess偉晶巖pegmatite紅土laterite煌斑巖lamprophyre泥灰peat輝綠巖diabase軟泥ooze橄欖巖dunite淤泥mire,oozedmud,sludge,黑曜巖obsidianwarpclay浮巖pumice沖積物（層）alluvion火山角礫巖vulcanicbreccia沖積的alluvial火山集塊巖volcanicagglomerate洪積物（層）proluvium,diluvium,diluvion凝灰?guī)rtuf洪積的diluvial沉積巖sedimentaryrock坡積物（層）deluvium碎屑巖clasticrock殘積物（層）eluvium粘土巖clayrock殘積的eluvial粉砂質(zhì)粘土巖siltyclaystone風(fēng)積物（層）eoliandeposits化學(xué)巖chemicalrock湖積物（層）lakedeposits生物巖biolith海積物（層）marinedeposits礫巖conglomerate冰川沉積物（層）glacier(drift)deposits角礫巖breccia崩積物（層) colluvialdeposits,砂巖sandstonecolluvium石英砂巖quartzsandstone殘積粘土residualclay粉砂巖siltstone變質(zhì)巖metamorphicrock鈣質(zhì)粉砂巖calcareoussiltstone板巖slate泥巖mudstone千枚巖phyllite頁(yè)巖shale片巖schist鹽巖saline片麻巖gneiss石灰?guī)rlimestone石英巖quartzite白云巖dolomite大理巖marble泥灰?guī)rmarl糜棱巖mylonite泥鈣巖argillo-calcareous混合巖migmatite泥砂巖argillo-arenaceous碎裂巖cataclasite砂質(zhì)arenaceous泥質(zhì)argillaceous3地質(zhì)構(gòu)造硅質(zhì)的siliceous地質(zhì)構(gòu)造geologicstructure有機(jī)質(zhì)organicmatter結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)造structuraltexture粗粒coarsegrain大地構(gòu)造geotectonic中粒medium-grained構(gòu)造運(yùn)動(dòng)tectogenesis文案大全

造山運(yùn)動(dòng)orogeny結(jié)構(gòu)類(lèi)型structuralpattern升降運(yùn)動(dòng)verticalmovement巖體結(jié)構(gòu)rockmassstructure水平運(yùn)動(dòng)horizontalmovement巖塊blockmass完整性perfection(integrity)結(jié)構(gòu)體structuralelement起伏度waviness塊度blockness尺寸效應(yīng)sizeeffect結(jié)構(gòu)面structuralplane圍壓效應(yīng)confiningpressureeffect軟弱結(jié)構(gòu)面weakplane產(chǎn)狀要素elementsofattitude臨空面freeface產(chǎn)狀attitude,orientation碎裂結(jié)構(gòu)cataclastictexture走向strike板狀結(jié)構(gòu)platystructure傾向dip薄板狀lamellose傾角dipangle,angleofdip塊狀的lumpy,massive褶皺fold層狀的laminated褶曲fold巨厚層giantthick-laminated單斜monocline薄層狀的finelylaminated向斜syncline軟弱夾層weakintercalatedlayer背斜anticline夾層interbedding,穹隆domeintercalated bed, interlayer,擠壓squeezeintermediatelayer上盤(pán)uppersection夾泥層clayeyintercalation下盤(pán)bottomwall,footwall,夾泥inter-claylowerwall連通性connectivity斷距separation切層insequent相交intersect影響帶affectingzone斷層fault完整性integrityn.正斷層normalfaultIntegrate v.&a.逆斷層reversedfaultdegreeofintegrality平移斷層parallelfault破碎crumble層理bedding,stratification膠結(jié)cement微層理lightstratification泥化argillization地塹graben尖滅taper-out地壘horst,faultridge錯(cuò)動(dòng)diastrophism斷層泥gouge,pug,selvage,fault錯(cuò)動(dòng)層面faultedbeddingplanegouge斷續(xù)的intermittent擦痕stria,striation破碎crumble斷裂fracture共軛節(jié)理conjugatedjoint破碎帶fracturezone散狀loose節(jié)理joint透鏡狀的lens-shapeda.節(jié)理組jointset巖石碎片crag裂隙fissure,crack巖屑cuttings,debris微裂隙finefissure,microscopic薄膜membrane,filmfissure層理stratification劈理cleavage高角度highdipangle原生裂隙originaljoint緩傾角lowdipangle次生裂隙epigeneticjoint反傾anti-dip張裂隙tensionjoint互層interbed v.剪裂隙shearjointInterbeddingn.卸荷裂隙reliefcrack起伏的unplanar裂隙率fractureporosity波狀起伏的undulate,undulating文案大全

粒徑particlesize揚(yáng)壓力upliftpressure構(gòu)造層tectonosphere靜水壓力hydrostaticpressure擠壓compression外靜水壓力externalhydrostatic均一的homogeneouspressure剪切錯(cuò)動(dòng)面shearfauIted,beddingzone動(dòng)水壓力hydrodynamicpressure切割dissection滲透力seepagepressure切割的dissected外水壓力externalwaterpressure致密close,compact內(nèi)水壓力internalwaterpressure構(gòu)造巖tectonite水力聯(lián)系hydraulicinterrelation糜棱巖mylonite水力折減系數(shù) hydraulicreduction斷層角礫巖faultbrecciacoefficient方解石脈calcitevein水頭損失waterheadloss碎塊巖clasticrock滲透途徑filtrationpath,seepage角礫brecciapath巖粉rockpowder滲透系數(shù)penetrationcoefficient巖屑debris,debry潛水位watertablelevel固結(jié)consolidation水位waterlevel,stagelevel定向排列orientedspread水頭waterhead構(gòu)造應(yīng)力tectonicstress含水層aquifer殘余應(yīng)力residualstress弱含水層（弱透水層）aquitard滯水層aquiclude4水文地質(zhì)條件hydrogeologicalconditions透水層permeablelayer,pervious水文循環(huán)hydrologiccyclelayer大氣圈atmosphere不透水層（隔水層）aquifuge,impervious水圈hydrospherelayer,巖石圈geosphereimpermeable layer,地表徑流surfacerunoffaquiclude地下徑流subsurfacerunoff潛水含水層phreaticaquifer流域valley,drainagebasin承壓含水層confinedaquifer,artesian流域面積drainagearea,riverbasinaquiferarea承壓面bearingsurface匯水面積catchmentarea潛水面phreaticsurface,water地下水groundwater,subsurfacetablewater浸潤(rùn)線(xiàn)phreaticcurve地表水surfacewater不透水邊界imperviousboundary大氣水a(chǎn)tmosphericwater地下分水嶺groundwaterridge氣態(tài)水a(chǎn)queous(vapour)water粘滯性viscosity液態(tài)水liquidwater富水性abundance固態(tài)水solidwater透水性（滲透性）permeability上層滯水perchedwater淋濾（溶濾作用）lixiviation,leaching潛水phreaticwater反濾層invertedgravelfilter承壓水confinedwater水銹incrustation吸著水hygroscopic(adsorptive)滲滴seepwater飽和saturation,saturated介質(zhì)medium潛水位變化帶zoneofvariablephreatic空隙voidlevel孔隙水壓力porewaterpressure氣象因素meteorologicalfactor滲透壓力osmoticpressure,seepage飽水帶zoneofsaturationforce包氣帶aerationzone,zoneof文案大全aeration包氣帶水a(chǎn)erationzonewater上層滯水perchedwater孔隙水porewater裂隙水fissurewater巖溶水karsticwater結(jié)合水boundwater,combinedwater吸著水hydroscopicwater薄膜水pellicularwater毛細(xì)水capillarywater重力水gravitationalwater凝結(jié)水condensationwater地下水埋藏條件conditionofgroundwateroccurrence地下水埋藏深度 depthofgroundwateroccurrence壓水試驗(yàn)packerpermeabilitytest抽水試驗(yàn)pumpingtest5物理力學(xué)性質(zhì)物理力學(xué)physicalmechanicsn.Physico-mechanical a.屈服準(zhǔn)則yieldcriteria米賽斯屈服準(zhǔn)則VonMisesyieldcriteria朗肯土壓力理論Ranking'searthpressuretheory劍橋模型Cambridge model,Cam-model鄧肯-張模型Duncan-changmodel本構(gòu)方程constitutiveequation局部剪切破壞localshearfailure整體剪切破壞generalshearfailure巖體完整性指數(shù)intactnessindexofrockmass安全系數(shù)factorofsafety埋深embedmentdepth試件coupons撓度deflection里氏震級(jí)Richterscale設(shè)計(jì)烈度designintensity基本烈度basicintensity場(chǎng)地烈度siteintensity地震烈度seismic intensiensityscale卓越周期predominantperiod持力層sustainedyield超載surcharge圍巖壓力surroundingrockstress附加壓力superimposedstress文案大全應(yīng)力松弛stressrelaxation應(yīng)力路逕stresspath卸荷unload滲透率specificpermeability飽和度degreeofsaturation含水量moisturecontent平均粒徑meandiameter顆粒grain,granule,particle顆粒級(jí)配distributionofgrain--size,grain composition.sizedistribution級(jí)配graduation.grain-size distribution,gradation,grading粒度 coarsenessgrainsize,granularity,lump不均勻系數(shù) coefficientofnon-uniformity,variationcoefficient,variationfactor顆粒分級(jí)gradation,sizegrading孔隙水porewater孔隙比voidratio(ration)空隙率airvoids孔隙率porosity裂隙率crackity溶隙率karstity密度density重度unitweight,bulkweight浮重度buoyantunitweight折減系數(shù)reductionfactor壓力消散dissipationofpressure抗力系數(shù)coefficientofresistance軟化系數(shù)softeningcoefficient含水量watercontent稠度consistency塑限plasticlimit液限liquidlimit塑性指數(shù)plasticityindex液性指數(shù)liquidityindex流變r(jià)heological蠕變creep塑性plastic脆性brittleness(fragility)粘性stickness剛性rigidity彈性的elastic粘彈性viso-elasticity彈塑性elasto-plasticityconsolidation壓縮性compressibility固結(jié)度degreeofconsolidation均質(zhì)性homogeneity超固結(jié)比overconsolidationration非均質(zhì)性nonhomogeneity應(yīng)變strain(heterogeneity)壓縮比compressibilityratio各向同性isotropy壓縮系數(shù)coefficientof各向異性anisotropycompressibility總應(yīng)力totalstress壓縮指數(shù)compressionindex有效應(yīng)力effectivestress初始曲線(xiàn)virgincurve超孔隙水壓力excessporepressure正常固結(jié)土normallyconsolidatedsoil孔隙水壓力porewaterpressure欠固結(jié)土under-consolidatedsoil抗壓強(qiáng)度compressivestrength超固結(jié)土over-consolidatedsoil抗拉強(qiáng)度tensilestrength被動(dòng)土壓力passiveearthpressure抗剪強(qiáng)度shearstrength主動(dòng)土壓力activeearthpressure不排水抗剪強(qiáng)度undrainedshearstrenght靜止土壓力earthpressureatrest峰值抗剪強(qiáng)度peaksharestrength覆蓋壓力overburdenpressure長(zhǎng)期抗剪強(qiáng)度long-termshearstrength初始應(yīng)力initialstress殘余抗剪強(qiáng)度residualshearstrength地應(yīng)力場(chǎng)ground(geostatic)stress負(fù)摩擦力negativeskinfriction,fielddragdown有效應(yīng)力effectivestress摩擦角angleoffriction動(dòng)應(yīng)力dynamicstress內(nèi)摩擦角angle of internal動(dòng)荷載dynamicloadfriction偏心荷載eccentrieloads外摩擦角angle of external循環(huán)荷載inclinedloadsfriction地應(yīng)力groundstress,geostatic內(nèi)聚力cohesionstress粘聚力cohesion初始應(yīng)力initialstress假凝聚力pseudo-cohesion應(yīng)力場(chǎng)stressfield粘著力adhesion縱波longitudinalwave摩爾圓Mohr'scircle液化勢(shì)liquefactionpotential包絡(luò)線(xiàn)envelope液化指數(shù)liquefactionindex休止角angleofrepose,交角angularangleoffriction(repose,rest).巖石抗力系數(shù)coefficient of rockreposeangleresistance峰值peak容許承載力allowablebearingcapacity模量modulus臨塑壓力criticalpressure彈性模量modulusofelasticity，接觸壓力contactpressureYoung's modulus, elasticmodulus6工程地質(zhì)問(wèn)題壓縮模量modulusofcompressibility工程地質(zhì)問(wèn)題 engineeringgeological變形模量modulusofdeformationproblem卸荷模量unloadingmodulus定性評(píng)價(jià)qualitativeestimate切線(xiàn)模量tangentmodulus定量評(píng)價(jià)quantitativeestimate剪切模量shearmodulus極限平衡法limitequilibriummethod割線(xiàn)模量secantmodulus不良地質(zhì)現(xiàn)象 unfavorablegeological旁壓模量pressurmetermoduluscondition泊松比poisson'sration風(fēng)化weathering固結(jié)consolidation變形deformation固結(jié)系數(shù) coefficientof位移displacement文案大全

不均勻位移 differentialmovement初步設(shè)計(jì)階段preliminarystage相對(duì)位移relativedisplacement施工階段construetionsage沉陷settlement踏勘reconnaissanee,山崩avalanche,topplinginspection崩塌toppling,toppling地質(zhì)測(cè)繪geologicalsurveycollapse00地質(zhì)測(cè)繪engineeringgeological滑坡、地滑creep,slidemapping切層滑坡insequentlandslide鉆探borehole operation.深層滑坡deepslideboring淺層滑坡shallowslide物探geophysicalexploration順層滑坡consequentlandslide洞探exploratoryadits滑動(dòng)面釬探rodsoundingslidingsurface,slidingplane,坑探exploringminingslipsurface槽探trenching滑動(dòng)帶slidingzone天然建材調(diào)查滑床slidebednaturalmaterialssurveying滑坡體slide(sliding)mass(examination)古滑坡fossillandslide000000報(bào)告 geotechnical推移式滑坡slumpingslideinvestigationreport牽引式滑坡retrogressiveslide鑒定identification.管涌piping,internalerosionappraisal滲漏leakage鑒定書(shū)expertisereport流砂quicksand鑒定人identifier,surveyor滲流seepage校核verification液化liquefaction總監(jiān)chiefinspector比例proportion70000 engineeringinvestigation地形圖geographicmap工程地質(zhì)勘察engineering geology地貌圖geomorphologicalmapinvestigation地質(zhì)圖geologicalmap000000geotechnical00地質(zhì)圖engineeringgeologicalmapinvestigation實(shí)測(cè)地質(zhì)剖面圖00地質(zhì)條件engineeringgeologicalfield-acquired geologicalconditionprofile(section)00地質(zhì)評(píng)價(jià)engineeringgeological構(gòu)造地質(zhì)圖geologicalstructuremapevaluation第四紀(jì)地質(zhì)圖quarternarygeological勘測(cè)surveymap巖芯采取率 core recovery, core地質(zhì)詳圖detailmapofgeologyextraction地質(zhì)柱狀圖geologiccolumnarsection.巖芯獲得率geologiclogRQD( 0石質(zhì)量指標(biāo)) rockquality鉆孔柱狀圖logsofboreholedesignation縱剖面圖longitudinalsection程序（步驟）procedure橫剖面圖crosssection00階段investigationalstage展示圖revealdetailmap選點(diǎn)踏0reconnaissanee節(jié)理玫瑰圖roseofjoints初步設(shè)計(jì)primarydesign基巖等高線(xiàn)bedrockcontour初步規(guī)劃preliminaryscheme層底等高線(xiàn)contourofstratumbottom初步勘探preliminaryprospecting0層界線(xiàn)strataboundary初步踏0groundreconnaissance0面高程elevationofbedrock可行性研究階段feasibilitystagesurface文案大全

坐標(biāo)coordinate平硐adit分層bedseparation豎井shaft地質(zhì)點(diǎn)geologicalobservationpoint鉆探drillingboring勘探點(diǎn)exploratorypoint(spot)勘探線(xiàn)exploratoryline8工程地質(zhì)試驗(yàn)勘探孔explorationhole擊實(shí)試驗(yàn)compactiontest平洞adit壓縮試驗(yàn)compressiontest豎井riser,shaft,vertical固結(jié)試驗(yàn)consolidationtestshaft單軸試驗(yàn)uniaxialcompressiontest探槽exploratorytrench現(xiàn)場(chǎng)剪切試驗(yàn)in-situsheartest探井exploratorypit單剪試驗(yàn)simplesheartest鉆孔borehole,drillhole直剪試驗(yàn)directsheartest機(jī)鉆孔o(hù)rdinarydrillhole慢剪試驗(yàn)slowtest套鉆孔sleevedrillhole單剪試驗(yàn)simplesheartest管鉆孔pipedrillhole快剪試驗(yàn)quicktest巖芯core三軸剪切試驗(yàn)triaxialsheartest巖芯鉆探coredrilling三軸壓縮試驗(yàn)triaxialcompressiontest回轉(zhuǎn)鉆探（進(jìn)）rotarydrilling動(dòng)三軸試驗(yàn)dynamictriaxialtest沖擊鉆探churn drilling,不固結(jié)不排水剪試驗(yàn)percussiondrillingunconsolidatedundrainedtest(quick鋼砂鉆探shotdrillingtest)鐵砂鉆進(jìn)ironshotdrilling固結(jié)不排水剪試驗(yàn)跟管鉆進(jìn)follow-downdrillingconsolidated undrained振動(dòng)鉆進(jìn)vibro-boring,test(consolidatedquicktest)vibro-dril1ing固結(jié)排水試驗(yàn) consolidateddrained泥漿鉆探mudflushdrillingtest(slowtest)金剛石鉆進(jìn)diamonddrilling原位測(cè)試in-situtest單動(dòng)式singleacting現(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)測(cè)on-site(in-site)雙層doublelayermonitoring空氣鉆探airflushdrilling現(xiàn)場(chǎng)檢測(cè)on-site (in-site)鉆機(jī)drillingriginspection鉆頭drillbit,drillingbit觀測(cè)孔o(hù)bservationborehole螺旋鉆頭auger靜力觸探試驗(yàn)conepenetrationtest.勺鉆spoonbitstaticpenetrationtest.沖擊鉆頭percussionbit,choppingstaticconetestbit標(biāo)貫試驗(yàn)standardpenetrationtest桶式鉆頭bucketauger十字板剪 切試驗(yàn) vanesheartest,vane鉆桿drillrodtest套管casing檢層法up-hole method, borehole巖芯管corebarrelmethod沖洗掖flushfluid旁壓試驗(yàn)pressuremetertest正循環(huán)沖洗directcirculation動(dòng)力觸探試驗(yàn)反循環(huán)沖洗reversecirculationdynamic penetration test.泥漿mud,slurrydynamicsounding泥皮mudcake點(diǎn)荷載試驗(yàn)pointloadtest護(hù)壁dado巖石試驗(yàn)rocktest止水seal,waterseal應(yīng)力解除法stressreliefmethod掃孔cleaningbottomofhole應(yīng)力恢復(fù)法stressrecoverymethod鉆進(jìn)drilling套孔法over-coringmethod文案大全實(shí)用標(biāo)準(zhǔn)文檔光面爆破smoothblasting900000預(yù)裂法presplitting掌子面breast,drivingface,headingface,tunnelface10水工概論頂拱vauIt壩址toeofdam底拱invert壩踵heel洞室開(kāi)挖excavation壩段monolith超挖overbreak壩頂crest風(fēng)鉆pneumaticdrill壩肩shoulders開(kāi)挖斷面excavatedsection左壩肩leftdamabutment塌落slump副壩saddledam細(xì)骨料混凝土concretemadewithfine三壩址thethirddamsiteaggregate標(biāo)高h(yuǎn)eightmark細(xì)骨料fine aggregate, fine上游水位headwateradjustment正常庫(kù)水位normalreservoirlevel料場(chǎng)stockground地下洞室undergroundopening土料earthmaterial(tunnel)礦渣 ciinder,mineralwaterresidue,壓力隧洞pressuretunnelscoria,slag無(wú)壓隧洞gravitytunnel性能 function, performance,交通洞accesstunnelproperty,nature灌漿洞groutingtunnel凝結(jié) coagulate,congeal,congealment.明流洞free-flowtunnelcoagulation孔板洞orificetunnel合格qualified,ontest,upto排砂洞sedimenttunnelstandard尾水洞tailracetunnel初凝initialset排水洞drainagetunnel初凝時(shí)間initialsettingtime導(dǎo)流洞diversiontunnel終凝finalset隧道tunnel配合比mixproportion圍巖surroundingrock,ambient塌落度slumprock水化熱heatofhydration.圍巖應(yīng)力secondarystressstatichydrationheat,setting應(yīng)力集中stressconcentrateheat覆蓋層overburden水灰比water-cementratio冒頂cavein,rooffall粉煤灰flyash底鼓bottomheave梅花狀quincuncialpattern回彈rebound噴射shotcrete巖爆rockburst澆注pouring凍結(jié)法freezingmethod鋼筋網(wǎng)coiremesh超載overbreak加固reinforce襯砌lining錨桿anchoredbar,rockbolt圍堰cofferdam錨索anchoredcable堤dike錨緊端anchorstation近壩岸坡abutments錨樁anchoredpeg施工（收縮）縫construetionjoint采石場(chǎng)rockquarry心墻core開(kāi)挖excavation截水墻cutoffwall清基cleanupfoundation防滲墻diaphragmwall明挖open-cut排水井drainagewells爆破explosion排水幕drainagecurtain文案大全減壓井reliefwells樁pile反濾層filterzone基樁foundationpile灌漿材料grout群樁pilegroups水力劈裂hydraulicfracturing樁基礎(chǔ)pilefoundation帷幔線(xiàn)curtainline樁承臺(tái)pilecap上游圍堰upstreamcofferdam高樁承臺(tái)high-risepilecap混凝土防滲墻concretecutoffwall低樁承臺(tái)buriedpilecap截流interimcompletion摩擦樁frictionpile導(dǎo)水墻channeltrainingwall端承樁endbearingpile正常溢洪道渠首工程service spillway嵌巖樁socketedpileheadwork板樁sheetpile消力塘linedplungepool旋噴樁jet-groutedpile隔墻dividerwalls灌注樁cast-in-placepile混凝土護(hù)坦concreteapron沉管灌注樁drivencast-in-placepile副廠房auxiliarypowerhouse支護(hù)樁soldierpiles,tangent閘門(mén)室gatechamberpiles中閘室midgatechamber剛性樁rigidpile開(kāi)關(guān)站switchyard柔性樁flexiblepile電梯井elevatorshaft側(cè)向受荷樁laterallyloadedpile尾水渠tailrace軸向受荷樁axiallyloadedpile非常溢洪道emergencyspillway預(yù)制樁precastconcretepile振動(dòng)打樁vibratorypiledriving11橋梁及基礎(chǔ)工程振動(dòng)鉆進(jìn)vibratorydrilling江陰大橋JiangyinBridge沉箱caisson懸索橋suspensionbridge沉井（沉箱）(open)caisson錨碇anchorage地下連續(xù)墻diaphragmwall,slurrywall重力式嵌巖錨gravitysocketedanchorage支撐bracing北錨碇前（后）錨面超載surchargefront(back) surfaceofnorthern接觸應(yīng)力contactpressureanchorage井點(diǎn)降水well-pointdewatering塔墩tower樁極限承載力ultimatebearingcapacity墩pierofpile散索鞍splaysaddle承載力bearingcapacity貓道footbridge阻力resistance主纜maincable樁端阻力endresistance索股cablestrand表面摩擦力skinfriction主鞍mainsaddle,towersaddle粘著系數(shù)adhesionfactor主跨mainspan負(fù)摩擦力negativeskinfriction邊跨sidespan安全系數(shù)factorofsafety引橋approach壓縮層compressedlayer鋼箱梁steelboxmaingirder附加應(yīng)力additionalstress,埋深embedmentdepthsuperimp