2023年考研考博考博英語外交學(xué)院考試高頻考點參考題庫帶答案

2023年考研考博考博英語外交學(xué)院考試高頻考點參考題庫帶答案（圖片大小可自由調(diào)整）答案解析附后第1卷一.綜合題(共20題)1.單選題Thesailorrepliedinatoneasangrilyas（）,thathehadlosthislegabroadindefenseofthosewhodidnothingathome.問題1選項A.theyB.themC.theirD.theirs2.單選題Tenyearsoflivingwithamyotrophiclateralsclerosis,orA.L.S,progressive,paralyzingdisease,havestillednearlyeverymuscle;Dr.JulesLodishtypeswithtwitchesofhischeek,detectedbyasensorclippedtothisglasses.Butwhenpeopleaskhimhowhefeelsabouthislife,Dr.Lodish,hiseyesexpressingtheintensitydeniedtohisbody,responds:“Istilllookforwardtoday.”A.L.S.orLouGehrig’sdisease,isoftendescribedasakindoflivingdeathin,whichthebodygoesflaccidwhilemindremainsintactandacutelyaware.Theprospectofbeingtrappedinaninertbodyandbeingtotallydependentonothersdrivesmanysuffererstosuicide.WhenAttorneyGeneralJohnAshcroftattackedanOregonlawallowingdoctor-assistedsuicidein2001—acasethatisstillworkingitswaysthroughthelegalsystem—patientswiththediseasewereamongthosewhosupportedthelawincourt.Butwhilethelegalcaseandmuchofthenationalattentionhavefocusedontheissueoftherighttodie,lessisknownaboutthosepatientswhowanttolive,andlikeDr.Lodish,willgotoextraordinarylengthstodoso.Withadequatemedicalcare,patientsoftencanliveforyearsrelativelyfreeofphysicalpainfromthediseaseitself.“It’smoreasortofexistential,psychicsortofpain,”saidDr.LeoMcCluskey,aneurologistinPhiladelphiawhotreatsmanypeoplewiththedisease.Asaresult,patientsandtheirfamiliesareforced,onadailybasis,totakestockofthemeaningandqualityoftheirlivesandtomakerepeateddecisionsabouthowmuchistoomuch.“WithA.L.S.,youhaveachoiceaboutwhentostoptreatment,lettingnaturetakeitscourse.”saidDr.LindaGanzini,aprofessorofpsychiatryatOregonHealthandScienceUniversityinPortland,whohasstudiedpatientsmakingend-of-lifedecisions.Whatkeepsmanypatientsalive,expertssay,isasenseofhavingunfinishedbusiness—perhapsamilestone“l(fā)ikegettingthelastkidofftocollege”saidDr.MellarP.Davis,aprofessorhematologyandmedicaloncologyattheClevelandClinic.Thosepatientswhodobestarethosewhohaveinsurancethatcoversnursingandmedicalcare,allowingthemtoavoidsomeofthemajorhealthrisksassociatedwiththedisease,andfamilymemberswhocancoverthehourswhenexperthelpisunavailable.Manypatients,Dr.Ganzinisaid,havedeepreligiousbeliefsthathelpsustainthem,andtheyareable,“tofindhopeinthefuture,findmeaningandtoleratethedailyongoinglossesthattheyareexperiencing.”Dr.Lodish’sbodysitslimpinawheelchairandhistonguelolls;amachinebreathesforhimthroughatracheostomytubeinhisthroat.Helosttheabilitytotalkmorethanthreeyearsago,hesays,thenjokes,“Butnottheabilitytobeannoying.”TherearenohalfmeasuresforDr.Lodish,ahematologistwhodevisedhisownintricatelydetailedtreatmentregimen.Hewrotea30guideforhisnursesthatsetsstandardsforasterileenvironmentthatgobeyondhospitalpractices,rulesthathavehelpedhimavoidtheinfectionsthatkillmanypatients.Whenhecouldnolongereat,hedidtheresearchtocomeupwitharecipeforthenutrientblendthatflowsdownhisfeedingtube—evendeterminingthattheingredientswerekosher—andhetypedthetwoguidetoitspreparation,twitchbytwitch,withaspecialprogramonthelaptopthathelpshimtochoosewholewordsorphrasesfromscrollinglists.Thiswiretotheworldkeepshimconnectedtohisfamilyandfriends,andallowshimtoremainanimportantpartoftheirlives.Hecontinuestoprovidemedicalconsultation,andnowadvisespatientswithA.L.S.andtheirfamiliesonhowtoorganizetheirowncareandusethecommunicationdeviceshehasmastered.“OneironyiswithmanypeopleIcommunicatemorenowthanwhenIwaswell,”Dr.Lodishsaid.Byholdingon,hesaid,hehasbeenabletoseemanyoflife’smilestones,includingthemarriagesoftwoofhisthreechildren.Whenhisolderdaughter,ElizabethLester,becamepregnantwiththefirstgrandchild,sheaskedherfathertomaketheofficialfamilyannouncement.“Hestillplaysthesameroleforme”shesaid,“Istillconsulthimonfinancialmattersandotherkindsofthings.”Dr.Lodishsaidthathisowndeterminationtolivecomes,inpart,fromhislongexperienceintreatingcancerpatients,whooftenfeelthatadiagnosisisadeathsentence.1.A.L.S.isadiseasethat（）.2.JulesLodish（）.3.AllthefollowingarepossiblereasonswhythepatientswithA.L.S.canliveabetterlifeEXCEPT（）.4.Dr.LodishmanagestolivewithA.L.S.mainlybecausehe（）.5.WhichofthefollowingtasksisNOTundertakenbyDr.JulesLodish?問題1選項A.causespeopletoparalyzeinstantlyB.makeseverymusclestopmovinggraduallyC.ishighlycontagiousintheUnitedStatesD.isgeneticallydeterminedandcannotbecured問題2選項A.wantstocommitsuicideB.supportsanOregonlawC.determinedtolivelongerD.isbecomingunconscious問題3選項A.theyhaveinsurancethatcoversnursingandmedicalcareB.theyhaveasenseofhavingunfinishedbusinessC.theyhavestrongreligiousbeliefsthathelpsustainthemD.theyhavegotastrongmentalsupportfrompeoplearound問題4選項A.ishavingexperthelpB.knowshowtocopewiththediseaseC.iswell-equippedwithadvanceddevicesD.oftencommunicateswithotherpeople問題5選項A.Treatingalotofcancerpatients.B.Devisinghisowntreatmentplan.C.Providingmedicalconsultation.D.Communicatingwithmanypeople.3.單選題Thedealwasheldinabeyanceuntilhisarrival.問題1選項A.adduceB.suspensionC.bayD.court4.單選題Idon’tbelieveyouaregoingtohavethematterlookedintotoday,（）?問題1選項A.areyouB.doyouC.aren’tyouD.don’tyou5.單選題WhenhewontheprestigiousCulturalPrizeinGermanyin1994,“itwasreportednowhereinBritain,”hesays,soundingratherpiqued.問題1選項A.annoyedB.satisfiedC.excitedD.humiliated6.單選題Criticscalledtheproposala（）gamethatisnoteasilyrecognizable.問題1選項A.boardB.ballC.homeD.shell7.單選題Corporationsasagroupofferavarietyofjobs.Mostlargecompaniessendpeopletocollegestocollegestointerviewgraduatingstudentswiththerequiredacademictraining.Alargeuniversitymayhavemorethan500companiesayearknockingonitsdoors.Bigfirmsareyourbestplaceforajobbecausetheirnormalgrowth,employeeretirements,andturnovercreatethousandsofjobsnationwideeachyear.Corporations,however,illustratetherulethatthebiggestisn’talwaysthebest.Manysmallfirmswithjustafewhundredemployeeshavepositionsthatmaycorrespondwithyourprofessiongoals,too.Suchfirmsmaynothavethetime,money,orneedtosendpeoplearoundtoyourcollege;you’llprobablyhavetocontactthemyourselfeitherdirectlyorthroughanemploymentagency.Don’tignoretheselittlecompanies.Theirsalariesareusuallycompetitiveandthechancesforadvancementandrecognitionevenstrongerthanthoseofabigfirm.Youcouldbecomeabigfishinasmallpond,reachingahigh-levelpositionmorequicklythanyouwouldifyouhadclimbedthemostcompetitiveladderofacorporategiant.Forexample,asmallcompanymayneedabrightengineering,accountingormanagementgraduatewhowouldreportdirectlytotheseniorvice-presidentofengineering,thecompanycontroller,orthegeneralmanager.Inlargerfirmsitmaytakeyearstoreachlevelandaccumulatesimilarin-depthexperience.Inaddition,responsibilitiesmaycomefasterinasmallfirmwithlessspecializationandfewerlower-levelemployeestoreceivedelegatedauthority.1.Thepurposeofthepassageis（）.2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEoflargecorporations?3.Theword“Their”(paragraph2,line6)refersto（）.4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofsmallfirm?5.Withwhomisthepassagemostprobablyconcerned?問題1選項A.todefinecorporationsandfirmsB.toshowtherelationbetweenfirmsandcollegesC.toinformthejob-seekeroftheemploymentrequirementsD.togiveadescriptionofcorporationsforcollegestudents問題2選項A.Theyonlyemploycollegegraduates.B.Theycanoffermanyjobopportunities.C.Theyhavemanysub-companiesnationwide.D.Theirrequirementsareverycompetitive.問題3選項A.corporations’B.graduatingstudents’C.smallfirms’D.employers’問題4選項A.Itmaybeunnecessaryforthemtosendpeopletocolleges.B.Theiremployeesmaybepromotedmorequickly.C.Theymayofferpositionswhichyoudemand.D.Theycannotaffordtosendpeopletocollege.問題5選項A.StudentsB.EmployersC.EmployeesD.Engineers8.單選題Thesnowseemstohaveset（）fortheevening.問題1選項A.uponB.inC.aboutD.down9.單選題PerhapsthebestWashingtoncandoistoremindtheKremlinofthelikelygeopoliticalrepercussionsofanaggressive,nucleararmedIran.問題1選項A.insatiabationB.replicationC.ionizationD.reverberation10.單選題Shouldeveryonebegettingmorefolicacid?That’sthequestiononalotofdoctors’minds.ThoughnotasfamousasvitaminC,folicacidplaysacrucialroleinthedevelopmentofjustabouteverycellinthebody.MemberoftheB-vitaminfamily,it’sfoundnaturallyinorangejuice,beansandgreenvegetables.Thereissomeevidencethatfolicacidmayreducetheriskofheartdisease,butitisbestknownforitsroleinpreventingspinalbifidaandotherbirthdefects.Indeedeversince1998,whentheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministrationmandatedthatitbeaddedtocerealproducts,thenumberofso-calledneural-tubedefectshasdroppednearly20%acrossAmerica.Nowcomeswordthatthevitaminmay,justmay,helpwardofftheravagesofAlzheimer’sdisease.Inastudyofmorethan1,000olderadultspublishedintheNewEnglandJournalofMedicine,researchersatBostonUniversityandTuftsUniversityfoundthatsubjectswhohadhighlevelsofaparticularaminoacidcalledhomocysteineintheirbloodweretwiceaslikelytodevelopAlzheimer’sasthosewhodidn’t.Thefindingisimportantbecauseoneoftheeasiestwaystolowerhomocysteinelevelsistogetplentyoffolicacid.Thestudy,althoughnotdefinitive,isthestrongestevidencetodatethathomocysteineplaysaroleinAlzheimer’s.PreviousresearchhadfoundthatAlzheimer1spatientsoftenhavehighlevelsoftheaminoacidintheirblood-thoughthatcouldbebecausefolkswithAlzheimer’softendon’teatverywell.Thenewstudylaysthatexplanationtorest.AspartofthefamousFraminghamstudy,whichhastrackedthedevelopmentofheartdiseaseamongresidentsofFramingham,Massachusetts,formorethan50years,.researchersinthe1970sstartedmeasuringthehomocysteinelevelsofmenandwomenwhohadnotyetdevelopeddementia.Thosepatientswhosehomocysteinelevelsmeasuredover14micromolesaliterwhiletheywerestillhealthyweretwiceaslikelytobediagnosedwithAlzheimer’sdiseaselateron.Thatdoesn’tmeanthatifyouhavehighhomocysteinelevels,youwillgetAlzheimer’s,orthatlowhomocysteinelevelswillprotectyourfromdementia.It’snotevencertain,warnsDr.SudhaSeshadri,aneurologistatBostonUniversitywholedthestudy,thatloweringhomocysteinelevelswilllowertheriskofAlzheimer’s.Butthecaseforaddingfolicacidtoyourdietisgettingbetterallthetime.Ofcoursethebestsourceofanyvitaminisahealthydiet.Forthoseofuswhostilldon’teatourbeansandvegetables,mostmultivitaminscontaintherecommendeddailyfolicaciddoseof400micrograms.(Eatingfourslicesofenrichedbreadgivesyoutheequivalentofroughly100micrograms.)Thereisnoriskofoverdose,althoughhighlevelsoffolicacidcanmaskthesignsofperniciousanemiainpeoplewhohavedevelopedthedisorder.Folicacidbyitselfmaynotkeepthedoctoraway,butthere’snoharmtrying.1.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?2.Theword“pernicious”inthelastparagraphmeans（）.3.WhendidtheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministrationmandatethatfolicacidbeaddedtocerealproducts?4.Thediseaseof“dementia”(paragraph4)hassomethingtodowith（）.5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutfolicacid?問題1選項A.Folicacidisbestknownforitsroleinpreventingspinalbifida.B.Thereisariskofoverdoseoffolicacid.C.Thereisevidencethatfolicacidmayreducetheriskofheartdisease.D.Ifyouhavehighhomocysteinelevels,youwillgetAlzheimer’s.問題2選項A.mildB.fatalC.moderateD.benign問題3選項A.1998B.1990C.2000D.1997問題4選項A.spineB.backC.bloodD.mind問題5選項A.FolicacidisamemberoftheB-vitaminfamily.B.Folicacidplaysacrucialroleinthedevelopmentofjustabouteverycellinthebody.C.Folicacidbyitselfmaynotkeepthedoctoraway.D.Folicacidreducestheriskofheartdisease11.單選題Ididn’treadtheblurb;I（）straightintothefirstchapter.問題1選項A.divedB.ranC.plungedD.read12.單選題Redeemingyourcarfromthe（）canbeexpensive.問題1選項A.baseB.poundC.groundD.parkinglot13.單選題Peoplefromupper（）gatheredtogetherattheauctionyesterday.問題1選項A.cropB.cruxC.cultD.crust14.單選題Beneaththerhetoricaboutwhoispracticingapurerformofthesportisanastybattleoverwhowilldominateaccesstotherocks——aficionadosof“sport”.問題1選項A.creatorsB.enthusiastsC.organizersD.advocators15.單選題Whatismostimportanttothemonkeysinthesanctuaryisthattheyareagroup;thisissobecauseprimatesareinveterately（）andbuildtheirlivesaroundeachother.問題1選項A.independentB.proprietaryC.socialD.stable16.單選題Inappealingthecaseagain,youwilljustbekickingagainstthe（）.問題1選項A.pricksB.ballsC.gunsD.winds17.單選題Weknowshewasalwaysas（）asherword,sowetrustedher.問題1選項A.goodB.honestC.faithfulD.true18.單選題Ifweacquiesce,we’llbeborrowing（）forthefuture.問題1選項A.pitB.troubleC.pitfallD.storm19.單選題Thewizenedoldmaninthehomefortheagedwasstillactiveandenergetic.問題1選項A.tractableB.texturedC.adeptD.shriveled20.單選題Accordingtotheconditionsofmyscholarship,afterfinishingmydegree（）.問題1選項A.myeducationwillbeemployedbytheuniversityB.employmentwillbegiventomebytheuniversityC.theuniversitywillemploymeD.Iwillbeemployedbytheuniversity第1卷參考答案一.綜合題1.【答案】A【解析】考查代詞辨析。asangrilyasthey(replied)，其中replied被省略，that從句是replied的賓語，句意：水手用和他們一樣憤怒的聲調(diào)回答說，他在國外失去了一條腿，是為了保護那些在國內(nèi)毫無作為的人。因此A選項正確。2.【答案】第1題:B第2題:C第3題:D第4題:D第5題:A【解析】1.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第一段“A.L.S,progressive,paralyzingdisease,havestillednearlyeverymuscle（A.L.S是一種漸進性的麻痹性疾病，幾乎使每一塊肌肉都停止活動）”和第二段“A.L.S.orLouGehrig’sdisease,isoftendescribedasakindoflivingdeathin,whichthebodygoesflaccidwhilemindremainsintactandacutelyaware.（肌萎縮性側(cè)索硬化癥或盧伽雷氏癥，常被描述為一種活死人。身體會變得松弛，而頭腦卻保持完整和敏銳的意識。）”，由此可推斷出肌萎縮性側(cè)索硬化癥使肌肉病變會有一個循序漸進的過程。A選項“使人立即癱瘓”說法錯誤；B選項“使每一塊肌肉逐漸停止活動”符合題意；C選項“在美國是高度傳染性的”和D選項“是由基因決定的，不能治愈”文章都沒有提到。因此B選項正確。2.判斷推理題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第一段“Butwhenpeopleaskhimhowhefeelsabouthislife,Dr.Lodish,hiseyesexpressingtheintensitydeniedtohisbody,responds:Istilllookforwardtoday.（但當(dāng)人們問洛迪什對自己的生活有何感想時，他的眼神流露出了身體所沒有的那種強烈感，他回答說：我仍然期待著。）”和第四段“l(fā)essisknownaboutthosepatientswhowanttolive,andlikeDr.Lodish,willgotoextraordinarylengthstodoso.（但對于那些像洛迪什醫(yī)生一樣想要活下去的病人，人們卻知之甚少。）”，由此可推斷出Dr.Lodish雖然被肌肉萎縮性側(cè)索硬化癥折磨，但他仍不失積極樂觀的心態(tài)，對生活充滿期待，決定好好生活與病魔抗?fàn)幍降?。A選項“想自殺”說法錯誤；B選項“支持俄勒岡州一項（允許醫(yī)生協(xié)助自殺的）法律”文章沒有提到；C選項“決心活得更長”符合題意；D選項“正在變得失去意識”說法錯誤。因此C選項正確。3.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第八段“Whatkeepsmanypatientsalive,expertssay,isasenseofhavingunfinishedbusiness…（專家說，讓許多病人活下來的，是一種未完的事業(yè)感……）”；第九段“Thosepatientswhodobestarethosewhohaveinsurancethatcoversnursingandmedicalcare,allowingthemtoavoidsomeofthemajorhealthrisksassociatedwiththedisease,andfamilymemberswhocancoverthehourswhenexperthelpisunavailable.（那些做得最好的病人是那些擁有涵蓋護理和醫(yī)療護理的保險，使他們能夠避免一些與疾病相關(guān)的主要健康風(fēng)險的人，以及那些家庭成員在得不到專家?guī)椭鷷r可以支付時間的人。）”以及第十段“havedeepreligiousbeliefsthathelpsustainthem（許多患者都有深刻的宗教信仰，這些信仰幫助他們維持生命）”，因此A選項“他們有涵蓋護理和醫(yī)療的保險”；B選項“他們有一種未完的事業(yè)感”以及C選項“他們有強烈的宗教信仰來支持他們”在文中都有提到，只有D選項“他們從周圍的人那里得到了強大的精神支持”文章沒有提及，因此D選項正確。4.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第十三段“Thiswiretotheworldkeepshimconnectedtohisfamilyandfriends,andallowshimtoremainanimportantpartoftheirlives.（這條與世界相連的線讓他與家人和朋友保持聯(lián)系，讓他成為他們生活中重要的一部分。）”以及第十四段“OneironyiswithmanypeopleIcommunicatemorenowthanwhenIwaswell（具有諷刺意味的是，我現(xiàn)在和很多人交流的次數(shù)比我健康時還多）”，由此可知Dr.Lodish與病魔作斗爭是通過經(jīng)常與他人溝通交流，分享生命中的點滴。A選項“正在接受專家的幫助”；B選項“知道如何對付這種疾病”；C選項“配備了先進的設(shè)備”都不是主要原因，只有D選項“經(jīng)常與他人交流”符合題意，因此D選項正確。5.細節(jié)事實題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第十二段“whodevisedhisownintricatelydetailedtreatmentregimen.（他設(shè)計了自己復(fù)雜而詳細的治療方案。）”；第十三段“Thiswiretotheworldkeepshimconnectedtohisfamilyandfriends,andallowshimtoremainanimportantpartoftheirlives.Hecontinuestoprovidemedicalconsultation…（這條與世界相連的線讓他與家人和朋友保持聯(lián)系，讓他成為他們生活中重要的一部分。他繼續(xù)提供醫(yī)療咨詢……）”，由此可知B選項“制定自己的治療方案”；C選項“提供醫(yī)療咨詢”和D選項“與許多人交流”說法正確，文章都有提及，而A選項“治療了很多癌癥患者”可定位到文章最后一段“Dr.Lodishsaidthathisowndeterminationtolivecomes,inpart,fromhislongexperienceintreatingcancerpatients,whooftenfeelthatadiagnosisisadeathsentence.（洛迪什說，他自己想活下去的決心，在一定程度上來自于他長期治療癌癥患者的經(jīng)驗，這些患者常常覺得確診就等于判了死刑。）”，該段落只說了Dr.Lodish想活下去的決心來自治療癌癥患者的經(jīng)驗，并沒有直接說他治療了很多癌癥患者，因此A選項符合題意，A選項正確。3.【答案】B【解析】考查近義名詞辨析。A選項adduce“（v.）舉出；引證”；B選項suspension“懸??；暫停；停職”；C選項bay“海灣；狗吠聲”；D選項court“法院；球場；朝廷；奉承”。句意：在他到來之前，這筆交易被暫時擱置。abeyance“中止，停頓；歸屬待定，暫擱”，B選項與該詞詞意最相近，因此B選項正確。4.【答案】A【解析】考查反義疑問句用法。題干屬于陳述部分為主從復(fù)合句的反義疑問句。一般有兩種情況：當(dāng)陳述部分為主從復(fù)合句“主語+從句”時，疑問部分一般應(yīng)與主句保持一致，如HeknowsthatwhereIlive,doesn’the？；當(dāng)陳述部分為Ithink（believe,suppose）that...等時，疑問部分通常與從句保持一致，如Idon’tthinkhewillcome,willhe?題干陳述部分為Idon’tbelieve(that)...從句部分為youaregoingtohave...，因此A選項正確。5.【答案】A【解析】考查同義形容詞辨析。A選項annoyed“惱怒的，煩悶的”；B選項satisfied“感到滿意的”；C選項excited“興奮的，激動的，活躍的”；D選項humiliated“蒙羞的，感到自慚的”。句意：當(dāng)他1994年在德國獲得享有盛譽的文化獎時，“英國沒有任何報道，”他說，聽起來相當(dāng)憤怒。Piqued“賭氣的，不滿的，激怒的”，A選項與該詞意思最相近，因此A選項正確。6.【答案】C【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項board“木板，甲板，膳食，董事長”；B選項ball“球，舞會”；C選項home“家，住宅，產(chǎn)地，家鄉(xiāng)，避難所”；D選項shell“殼，貝殼，炮彈，外形”。shellgame為固定搭配，意為“騙局”。句意：批評人士稱該提議是一場難以辨認(rèn)的騙局。因此C答案正確。7.【答案】第1題:D第2題:B第3題:C第4題:C第5題:A【解析】1.主旨大意題。本文開篇為我們介紹corporations的一些特點：corporations提供各種類型的工作；平均每年有超過500家corporations會派面試人員去高校找尋合適的高校畢業(yè)人才；大公司有相對完善的職工培訓(xùn)和退休機制，每年的年產(chǎn)值能創(chuàng)造出上千個工作崗位。接下來說明大企業(yè)也有一些缺陷，這些缺陷正是小公司的優(yōu)勢所在，為此作者還詳細說明了這些優(yōu)勢的具體表現(xiàn)。文章最后舉例說明與大企業(yè)相比較，小公司對畢業(yè)生而言的優(yōu)勢。本文通過比較論證讓我們更加清楚什么是corporation。A選項“定義corporations和firms”；B選項“展示公司和大學(xué)之間的關(guān)系”；C選項“告知求職者有關(guān)的就業(yè)要求”都不符合題意，D選項“為大學(xué)生描述公司”正確，因此D選項正確。2.細節(jié)事實題。由題干可定位到文章第一段“Bigfirmsareyourbestplaceforajobbecausetheirnormalgrowth,employeeretirements,andturnovercreatethousandsofjobsnationwideeachyear.（大公司是最適合工作的地方，因為它們的正常增長、員工退休和人員流動每年在全國范圍內(nèi)創(chuàng)造了成千上萬的工作機會。）”可知大企業(yè)工作機會很多。A選項“他們只雇傭大學(xué)畢業(yè)生”說法錯誤；B選項“他們可以提供很多工作機會”正確；C選項“他們在全國有很多子公司”和D選項“他們的職位需求很有競爭力”文中沒有提到。因此B選項正確。3.語義推測題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段第五句話“Theirsalariesareusuallycompetitiveandthechancesforadvancementandrecognitionevenstrongerthanthoseofabigfirm.（他們的薪水通常很有競爭力，晉升和認(rèn)可的機會甚至比大公司還要大。）”。由此可知這里是拿大公司的薪水與小公司的薪水相比。A選項“公司的”；B選項“畢業(yè)生的”；D選項“老板的”都不符合題意，C選項“小公司的”符合題意，因此C選項正確。4.細節(jié)事實題。由題干可定位到文章第二段最后一句“Youcouldbecomeabigfishinasmallpond,reachingahigh-levelpositionmorequicklythanyouwouldifyouhadclimbedthemostcompetitiveladderofacorporategiant.（你可以成為一個小池塘里的大魚，比你爬上一個公司巨頭競爭最激烈的階梯更快地到達另一個高層位置。）”可知小公司提供的職位比你想要的還高。A選項“他們可能沒有必要送人上大學(xué)”；B選項“他們的員工可能會升職更快”；D選項“他們供不起員工上大學(xué)”文章都有提到，C選項“他們可能提供你需要的職位”說法錯誤，因此C選項正確。5.主旨大意題。從文中第一段說很多大企業(yè)去校園進行招聘并述說了你在大或者小企業(yè)里各自所獲他們各自的工作優(yōu)勢，可知本文是想給那些學(xué)生尤其是即將畢業(yè)的學(xué)生介紹一些有關(guān)大企業(yè)和小公司的特點，為他們就業(yè)提供更多參考。A選項“學(xué)生”；B選項“雇主”；C選項“員工”；D選項“工程師”。因此A選項正確。8.【答案】B【解析】考查短語辨析。A選項setupon“襲擊；挑撥，唆使；開始”；B選項setin“開端；來臨；到來”；Csetabout選項“開始著手；考慮”；D選項setdown“放下；記下；登記；寫下”。句意：晚上似乎要下雪了。因此B選項正確。9.【答案】D【解析】考查近義名詞辨析。A選項insatiabation不存在；B選項replication“復(fù)制；回答”；C選項ionization“電離；游離；離子化；電離作用”；D選項reverberation“混響；反射；反響；回響”。句意：或許華盛頓能做的最好的事情就是提醒克里姆林宮，一個咄咄逼人、擁有核武器的伊朗可能會產(chǎn)生地緣政治影響。repercussions“反響，影響”，D選項與該詞詞意最相近，因此D選項正確。10.【答案】第1題:C第2題:B第3題:A第4題:D第5題:D【解析】1.細節(jié)事實題。由題干可定位到文章第一段倒數(shù)第二句話“Thereissomeevidencethatfolicacidmayreducetheriskofheartdisease,butitisbestknownforitsroleinpreventingspinalbifidaandotherbirthdefects.（有一些證據(jù)表明，葉酸可能會降低患心臟病的風(fēng)險，但它最廣為人知的作用是預(yù)防脊柱裂和其他出生缺陷。）”。A選項“葉酸最著名的作用是預(yù)防脊柱裂”漏掉了“其他出生缺陷”；B選項“過量服用葉酸有風(fēng)險”說法錯誤，原文為“Thereisnoriskofoverdose…”；C選項“有證據(jù)表明葉酸可以降低患心臟病的風(fēng)險”；D選項“如果你有高同型半胱氨酸水平，你會得老年癡呆癥?！闭f法錯誤，因此C選項正確。2.語義推測題。Pernicious“有害的，惡性的，致命的，險惡的”。A選項“溫和的，輕微的，淡味的，文雅的”；B選項“致命的，重大的，毀滅性的，命中注定的”；C選項“穩(wěn)健的，溫和的，適度的，中等的，有節(jié)制的”；D選項“良性的，和藹的，親切的，吉利的”。B選項與題干意思最接近，因此B選項正確。3.細節(jié)事實題。由題干定位到文章第一段最后一句“Indeedeversince1998,whentheU.S.FoodandDrugAdministrationmandatedthatitbeaddedtocerealproducts,thenumberofso-calledneural-tubedefectshasdroppednearly20%acrossAmerica.（事實上，自1998年美國食品和藥物管理局規(guī)定將其添加到谷類食品中以來，全美所謂的神經(jīng)管缺陷數(shù)量已經(jīng)下降了近20%。）”，因此A選項正確。4.判斷推理題。由題干定位到文章第四段“Thosepatientswhosehomocysteinelevelsmeasuredover14micromolesaliterwhiletheywerestillhealthyweretwiceaslikelytobediagnosedwithAlzheimer’sdiseaselateron.（那些健康時同型半胱氨酸水平超過14微克/升的患者，在以后被診斷為老年癡呆癥的可能性是正常人的兩倍。）”，由此可推斷出癡呆癥與大腦受損有關(guān)，因此D選項正確。5.細節(jié)事實題。A選項“葉酸是b族維生素家族的一員”；B選項“葉酸在人體幾乎每個細胞的發(fā)育過程中都起著至關(guān)重要的作用”；C選項“葉酸本身并不能讓醫(yī)生遠離你”在文中都有提到，D選項“葉酸降低患心臟病的風(fēng)險”說法太絕對，文中說的是可能會降低，因此D選項正確。11.【答案】C【解析】考查動詞短語辨析。A選項diveinto“迅速把手伸入；投入；一心投入；跳入（指的是跳水標(biāo)準(zhǔn)動作，運動員的那種頭朝下的）”；B選項runinto“遭遇，陷入；撞上，撞到；偶然遇見”；C選項plungeinto“投入；跳入（主要指暴力一些的進入，比如車失控沖進水里；人郁悶地把頭埋進冷水盆里）；突然或倉促地開始某事；猛沖；使突然陷入；縱身投入”；D選項readinto“曲解；加上另外的意思于；隱藏某種意義”。句意：我沒有讀簡介，直接倉促地開始讀第一章。因此C選項正確。12.【答案】B【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項base“基底；基礎(chǔ)；基地；基本成分”；B選項pound“英鎊；重?fù)?；違章停車車輛扣留場；流浪狗收留所”；C選項ground“地面；土地；范圍；戰(zhàn)場”；D選項parkinglot“停車場”。句意：從車管所贖回被扣的汽車可能要花很多錢。因此B選項正確。13.【答案】D【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項crop“產(chǎn)量，農(nóng)作物，莊稼，平頭”；B選項crux“關(guān)鍵，癥結(jié)，難題，十字架形，坩堝”；C選項cult“狂熱，異教團體，宗教信仰，膜拜儀式，時髦的人（或事物），信徒”；D選項crust“地殼，外殼，面包皮，堅硬外皮”。uppercrust“上流社會，上流階級”。句意：上流社會的人昨天在拍賣會上聚集。因此D選項正確。14.【答案】B【解析】考查同義名詞辨析。A選項creators“創(chuàng)作者，造物主”；B選項enthusiasts“熱心人，熱衷者，狂熱者”；C選項organizers“主辦單位，舉辦方，舉辦者”；D選項advocator“提倡者，擁護者”。句意：在關(guān)于誰在練習(xí)一種更純粹的運動形式的言辭背后，是一場關(guān)于誰將主導(dǎo)進入巖石運動的惡戰(zhàn)——“體育”的狂熱者。Aficionados“迷，狂熱愛好者”，B選項與該詞意思最相近，因此B選項正確。15.【答案】C【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項independent“獨立的；單獨的；無黨派的；不受約束的”；B選項proprietary“專賣的，專營的；所有的，所有權(quán)的”；C選項social“社會的，社交的；群居的”；D選項stable“穩(wěn)定的，牢固的；穩(wěn)重的，沉穩(wěn)的；持久的”。句意：對于禁獵區(qū)的猴子而言，最重要的一點是它們是一個群體；這之所以如此，是因為靈長目動物具有一種根深蒂固的群居習(xí)性，均圍繞著對方而營造其生活。16.【答案】A【解析】考查固定短語搭配。A選項pricks“（v.）戳；扎破；（使）感到刺痛；（眼睛）發(fā)酸；（使）內(nèi)心痛苦；驅(qū)使；（使）耳朵豎起；（n.）扎；戳孔；沮喪；趕牛棒；笨蛋；穿刺；針刺感；卑鄙的人”；B選項balls“（n.）球；（v.）把……捏成球狀”；C選項guns“（n.）槍支；槍狀物；持槍歹徒；（v.）用槍射擊；加大油門快速前進；向……開槍；開大油門”；D選項wind“（n.）風(fēng)；呼吸；氣味；卷繞；（v.）纏繞；上發(fā)條；使彎曲；吹號角；繞住或纏住某人”。根據(jù)固定搭配kickagainstthepricks“以卵擊石；徒勞的抵抗”可知該題選pricks。句意：你再提起上訴，那是在以卵擊石。因此A選項正確。17.【答案】A【解析】考查固定短語搭配。A選項good“（adj.）好的；優(yōu)良的；愉快的；虔誠的；（n.）好處；善行；慷慨的行為；（adv.）好”；B選項honest“誠實的，實在的；可靠的；坦率的”；C選項faithful“忠實的，忠誠的；如實的；準(zhǔn)確可靠的”；D選項true“（adj.）真實的；正確的；（adv.）真實地；準(zhǔn)確地；（n.）真實；準(zhǔn)確”。根據(jù)固定搭配beasgoodasone’sword“說話算數(shù)，守信”可知本題選good。句意：我們知道她一向信守諾言，所以我們信任她。因此A選項正確。18.【答案】B【解析】考查名詞辨析。A選項pit“礦井，深坑，陷阱”；B選項trouble“麻煩，煩惱，故障，動亂”；C選項pitfall“陷阱，圈套，缺陷，誘惑”；D選項storm“暴風(fēng)雨，大動蕩”。句意：如果我們默許，那么我們將在未來陷入到借貸麻煩中。因此B選項正確。19.【答案】D【解析】考查形容詞辨析。A選項tractable“易于管教的；易駕馭的；易處理的；馴良的”；B選項textured“起紋理的；質(zhì)地不平的；（藝術(shù)、文學(xué)、音樂等）有神韻的”；C選項adept“熟練的；擅長……的”；D選項shriveled“枯萎的”。句意：敬老院里那位干癟的老人依然精神抖擻。wizened“干癟的；枯萎的；消瘦的”。D選項與該詞意思最相近，因此D選項正確。20.【答案】D【解析】考查被動語態(tài)。該句強調(diào)的對象是“我”，因此主句的主語必須是“我”。句意：根據(jù)我獎學(xué)金的條件，在結(jié)束學(xué)習(xí)之后，我將被這所大學(xué)錄用。A選項強調(diào)的是“myeducation”；B選項強調(diào)的是“employment”；C選項強調(diào)的是“theuniversity”；只有D選項強調(diào)的是“I”。因此D選項正確。第2卷一.綜合題(共20題)1.單選題Itisnecessarythatanefficientworker（）hisworkontime.問題1選項A.accomplishesB.canaccomplishC.hasaccomplishedD.accomplish2.單選題Ifyoukeepgettingwrongnumbers,yourphonecouldbe（）.問題1選項A.deficientB.deceptiveC.defectiveD.ineffective3.單選題Insomeculturestheessenceofmagicisitstraditionalintegrity;itcanbeefficientonlyifithasbeen（）withoutlossfromprimevaltimestothepresentpractitioner.問題1選項A.conventionalizedB.manipulatedC.transmittedD.aggrandized4.單選題Justastheauthor’sbookoneelsisoftenakeytextforcoursesinmarinevertebratezoology,theirideasonanimaldevelopmentandphylogeny（）teachinginthisarea.問題1選項A.preventB.defyC.replicateD.inform5.單選題Oftenthedifficultiesofgrowingupinthepubliceyecausechildprodigiesto（）theworldofachievementbeforereachingadulthood;happily,theysometimeslaterreturntocompetitionandsucceedbrilliantly.問題1選項A.ridiculeB.retirefromC.examineD.conquer6.單選題TheGermancompanyretaineda（）positioninhormoneresearch.問題1選項A.chairB.poleC.soapD.floor7.單選題Evenbytighteningthepursestringsandcutting（）spendingotherthan（）necessities,theaverageBeijingresidentwouldstillneedatleast25yearstobuyanapartment,thelatestreportshows.問題1選項A.out,onB.off,onC.out,forD.down,for8.單選題Mansonwasascientistofunusual（）andimaginationwhohadstartlingsuccessin（）newandfundamentalprincipleswellinadvanceoftheirgeneralrecognition.問題1選項A.restiveness,acknowledgingB.precision,coordinatingC.candor,dispellingD.insight,discerning9.單選題Hesatthereswiggingbeerandsmoking.問題1選項A.suckingB.lappingC.GulpingD.sipping10.單選題Georgeisonlyastalking（）,hismotheristherealboss問題1選項A.horseB.catC.duckD.tiger11.單選題MarketshadfearedthatDollymightdisruptproductionintheGulfofMexico,butthestormmissedtheoilfieldsbeforebearing（）Texas.問題1選項A.downonB.downatC.awayatD.awayto12.單選題Thesenatorwasaccusedofwafflingonmajorissues.問題1選項A.vaguingB.stiffeningC.vacillatingD.reshuffling13.單選題China’sresponsetoNorthKorea’sshellingofYeonpyeongIslandtwoweeksagohasbeenremarkablyflaccid.問題1選項A.firmB.shrewdC.ambiguousD.limp14.單選題Thisyearisa（）yearforme,forIboughtmyownhousesuccessfully問題1選項A.tautB.tawnyC.bannerD.bumper15.單選題Hepromisedtoreturnthebookthenextdaywithout（）.問題1選項A.failB.defaultC.troubleD.failure16.單選題WhilehewasinBeijing,hespentallhistime（）someimportartmuseumsandbuildings.問題1選項A.visitingB.travelingC.watchingD.touring17.單選題

Hewasalwaysdecliningtheirinvitationsonthe（）ofillhealth.問題1選項A.groundsB.reasonC.excuseD.cause18.單選題Lookingback,it’shardtocomprehendhowtheTasmaniansettlerscouldhavebeensocavalieraboutthetiger’sbiologicaluniqueness—soheedlessoftheconsequences.問題1選項A.extemporeB.offhandC.infunctionateD.disconcerting19.單選題Haveyoueverreceived（）ofwhathashappenedtoher?問題1選項A.thewordB.wordsC.wordD.thewords20.單選題Takingalow-doseaspirineverydaywillreduceyourchancesofdyingfromcancer,scientistssaytoday,confirmingtheover-the-counterpillsasthemostextraordinarydrugyetdiscovered.Dailyaspirinhasalreadybeenshowntocutthechancesofheartattacksandstrokeinpeoplewhoareatrisk.ThestudypublictodayintheLancetmedicaljournalrevealsthatitalsohasapowerfulpreventiveactionagainstarangeofcancersandpossiblymoreofthemthanthereiscurrentlyenoughevidencetoprove.Whilethedoctorswhocarriedoutthestudysayitisnotforthemtomakerecommendations,theleadauthor,46-year-oldProfPeterRothwellfromOxfordUniversity,sayshehasbeentakingaspirinforthelasttwoyears.Thebeneficial