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初中英語(yǔ)作文技巧和模板————————————————————————————————作者:————————————————————————————————日期:?(一)掌握技巧:
(1)注意篇章結(jié)構(gòu),合理布局?開(kāi)始部分(openingparagraph)——說(shuō)出文中的要點(diǎn)、核心問(wèn)題。?正文部分(Bodyparagraphs)——圍繞主題開(kāi)展敘述、討論。
結(jié)尾部分(concludingparagraphs)——對(duì)全文的總結(jié)和概括。?要做到全文中心突出、段落之間必須是有機(jī)地聯(lián)系,內(nèi)容完整、連貫。前后呼應(yīng),祛除與主題無(wú)關(guān)的內(nèi)容。?(2)確定主題句?主題句是對(duì)全文的概括,是文章的主旨。它能在文章中起到“畫龍點(diǎn)睛”的作用。通常主題句出現(xiàn)
在一篇文章的開(kāi)頭,而后,全文對(duì)主題句所提出的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行解釋,擴(kuò)展。?寫主題句應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn):?①歸納出你要寫的文章的幾個(gè)要點(diǎn)
②提煉出一句具有概括性的話?③主題句應(yīng)具有可讀性,抓住、吸引讀者。
(二)巧用連接詞?要想使文章有整體性、連貫性,就要學(xué)會(huì)正確使用連接詞
表示羅列增加
First,second,third,?First,then/next,afterthat/next,finally
Foronething…foranother…,
On(the)onehand…ontheotherhand,?Besides/what’smore/inaddition/furthermore/moreover/another/also,
Especially/Inparticular,
表示時(shí)間順序
now,atpresent,recently,
after,afterwards,afterthat,afterawhile,inafewdays,
atfirst,inthebeginning,tobeginwith,?later,next,finally,?immediately,soon,suddenly,allofasudden,atthatmoment,assoonas,themoment
formnowon,fromthenon,?atthesametime,meanwhile,?till,not…until,before,after,when,while,asduring,
表示解釋說(shuō)明?now,inaddition,forexample,forinstance,inthiscase,moreover
furthermore,infact,actually
表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系
but,however,while,though,or,otherwise,onthecontrary,ontheother
hand,incontrast,despite,inspiteof,eventhough,except(for),instead,of?course,afterall,
表示并列關(guān)系
or,and,also,too,notonly…butalso,aswellas,both…and,either…or,neither?…nor?表示因果關(guān)系
because,becauseof,since,nowthat(yī),as,thanksto…,dueto…,therefore,asa
result(of),otherwise,so…that(yī),such…that
表示條件關(guān)系?as(so)longas,onconditionthat(yī),if,unless?表示讓步關(guān)系
though,although,as,evenif,eventhough,whether…or…,however,whoever,
whatever,whichever,wherever,whenever,nomatterhow(who,what,which,where,when,
whom)
表示舉例?forexample,forinstance,suchas…,take…forexample?表示比較
besimilarto,similarly,thesameas,incontrast,comparedwith(to)…justlike,?justas,?表示目的?forthisreason,,forthispurpose,sothat,inorderto,soasto,?表示強(qiáng)調(diào)
indeed,infact,surely,certainly,nodoubt,withoutanydoubt,truly,?obviously,aboveall,?表示概括歸納?inaword,inshort,inbrief,onthewhole,generallyspeaking,inmyopinion,asfar?asIknow,Asweallknow,ashasbeenstated,asIhaveshown,finally,at(yī)last,in1考生列舉出解決問(wèn)題的多種途徑:1.問(wèn)題現(xiàn)狀2.怎樣解決(解決方案的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn))Inrecentdays,wehavetofaceIproblem-----A,whichisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.First,------------(說(shuō)明A的現(xiàn)狀).Second,---------------(舉例進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明現(xiàn)狀)ConfrontedwithA,weshouldtakeaseriesofeffectivemeasurestocopewiththesituation.Foronething,---------------(解決方法一).Foranother-------------(解決方法二).Finally,--------------(解決方法三).Personally,Ibelievethat-------------(我的解決方法).Consequently,I'mconfidentthatabrightfutureisawaitingusbecause--------------(帶來(lái)的好處).2.觀點(diǎn)型作文:要求論述兩個(gè)對(duì)立的觀點(diǎn)并給出自己的看法。
?
1.有一些人認(rèn)為。。。
2.另一些人認(rèn)為。。。3.我的看法。。。
?
The
topic
of
①-----------------(主題)is
becoming
more
and
more
popular
recently.
There
are
two
sides
of
opinions
of
it.
Some
eople
say
A
is
heir
favorite.
They
hold
their
view
for
the
reason
of②-----------------(支持A的理由一)What
is
more,
③-------------理由二).
Moreover,④---------------(理由三).
While
others
think
that(yī)
B
is
a
better
choice
in
the
following
three
reasons.
Firstly,-----------------(支持B的理由一).
Secondly
(besides),⑥------------------(理由二).
Thirdly
(finally),⑦------------------(理由三).
From
my
point
of
view,
I
think
⑧----------------(我的觀點(diǎn)).
The
reason
is
that⑨----------------原因).
As
a
matter
of
fact,
there
are
some
other
reasons
to
explain
my
choice.
For
me,
the
former
is
surely
a
wise
choice
.
?
2)
給出一個(gè)觀點(diǎn),要求考生反對(duì)這一觀點(diǎn)
Some
people
believe
that
①----------------(觀點(diǎn)一).
For
example,
they
think②-----------------(舉例說(shuō)明).And
it
will
bring
them③-----------------(為他們帶來(lái)的好處).
In
my
opinion,
I
never
think
this
reason
can
be
the
point.
For
one
thing,④-------------(我不同意該看法的理由一).
For
another
thing,⑤-----------------(反對(duì)的理由之二).
Form
all
what(yī)
I
have
said,
I
agree
to
the
thought
that⑥------------------(我對(duì)文章所討論主題的看法).3.作文的框架asisshown/indicated/illustratedbythefigure/percentageinthetable(graph/picture/pie/chart),__(dá)_作文題目的議題_____(dá)hasbeenonrise/decrease(goesup/increases/drops/decreases),significantly/dramatically/steadilyrising/decreasingfrom____(dá)__(dá)in___(dá)____to_____(dá)_in__(dá)___.Fromthesharp/markeddecline/riseinthechart,itgoeswithoutsayingthat________(dá).Thereareatleasttwogoodreasonsaccountingfor_____(dá)_.Ontheonehand,________.Ontheotherhand,_____(dá)__isduetothefactthat________.Inaddition,___(dá)_____isresponsiblefor_______.Maybetherearesomeotherreasonstoshow________(dá).Butitisgenerallybelievedthattheabovementionedreasonsarecommonlyconvincing.?AsfarasIamconcerned,Iholdthepointofviewthat_______.?Iamsuremyopinionisbothsoundandwell-grounded.1:投訴信Dear______(dá)_,Iam.(自我介紹)IfeelbadtotroubleyoubutIamafraidthatIhavetomakeacomplaintabout____(dá)___(dá).Thereasonformydissatisfactionis___(dá)_______(dá)__(dá)__(總體介紹).Inthefirstplace,__(dá)_____(dá)__(dá)__(dá)_______(dá)____(dá)___(dá)(抱怨的第一個(gè)方面).Inaddition,_______(dá)___(dá)____(dá)__(dá)___(dá)______(dá)___(抱怨的第二個(gè)方面).Underthesecircumstances,Ifindit___(感覺(jué))to___(dá)______(dá)______(dá)_____(dá)________(抱怨的方面給你帶來(lái)的后果).Iappreciateitverymuchifyoucould____(dá)_____(dá)_______(dá)___(dá)____(提出建議和請(qǐng)求),preferably______(dá)__(dá)__(進(jìn)一步的要求),andIwouldliketohavethismattersettledby______(設(shè)定解決事情最后期限).ThankyouforyourconsiderationandIwillbelookingforwardtoyourreply.YourssincerelyLiMing2:詢問(wèn)信Dear______,Iam_____(dá)__(dá)___(dá)____(dá)__(dá)_____(dá)___(dá)_(自我介紹).Iamwritingtoseeifitispossibleforyoutoprovidemewithinformationregarding_______(dá).(要詢問(wèn)的內(nèi)容)Firstofall,what(yī)are_____________(dá)___________(dá)_________?(第一個(gè)問(wèn)題)Secondly,whenwill_________(dá)__(dá)_______(dá)__(dá)_________(dá)___?(第二個(gè)問(wèn)題)Thirdly,is_________________(dá)?(第三個(gè)問(wèn)題)Iwouldalsoliketoinquire________(dá)____________(dá)______(dá)_______(將最重要的問(wèn)題單獨(dú)成段).Couldyoubesokindastosendmesomerelevantbookletsontheabove-mentionedaspects?Thankyouforyoukindness,andyourpromptattentiontothisletterwillbehighlyappreciat(yī)ed.YourssincerelyLiMing3:請(qǐng)求信Dear__(dá)____(dá)____(dá)_,Iamwritingtoformallyrequestto_____(dá)____(dá)__(dá)(請(qǐng)求的內(nèi)容)Thereasonfor__(dá)__________(dá)__(dá)isthat(yī)________(dá)___(dá)___(dá)_____(dá)_____(dá)___(dá)___(給出原因).I____(dá)____,soI_______________(dá)___(dá)___(dá)___(dá)___________(dá)(給出細(xì)節(jié))Iwouldalsoliketorequest__(dá)__(dá)____(dá)________(dá)___(dá)___(dá)__(提出進(jìn)一步的要求).IamsorryforanyinconvenienceIhavecaused.Thankyouforyourattentiontotheserequests.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,donothesitat(yī)etocontactmeat(yī)_______(dá)_____(電話號(hào)碼).Ilookforwardtoafavorablereply.YourssincerelyLiMing初中英語(yǔ)作文高分秘訣1.動(dòng)筆之前,認(rèn)真審題《中考考試說(shuō)明》指出,書面表達(dá)要切中題意。怎樣才能切中題意?就是要認(rèn)真審題,看到考題后,先不要急于動(dòng)筆,要仔細(xì)看清題目要求的內(nèi)容。在自己的頭腦中構(gòu)思出一個(gè)框架或畫面,確定短文的中心思想,不要匆匆下筆,看懂題意,根據(jù)圖畫、圖表、提綱或短文提供的資料和信息來(lái)審題。審題要審格式、體裁、人物關(guān)系、故事情節(jié)、主體時(shí)態(tài)、活動(dòng)時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)等。2.圍繞中心,擬定提綱書面表達(dá)評(píng)分原則有四條:(1)內(nèi)容要點(diǎn);(2)運(yùn)用詞匯和結(jié)構(gòu)的數(shù)量;(3)運(yùn)用語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯的準(zhǔn)確性;(4)上下文的連貫性。由此可見(jiàn),要點(diǎn)是給分的一個(gè)重要因素。為了防止寫作過(guò)程中遺漏要點(diǎn),同學(xué)們要充分發(fā)揮自己的觀察力,把情景中給出的各個(gè)要點(diǎn)逐條列出。根據(jù)短文的中心思想考慮如何開(kāi)頭、展開(kāi)和結(jié)尾,設(shè)想幾個(gè)承上啟下的連詞,將主要句型、關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)草草記下,形成提綱,寫時(shí)切忌結(jié)構(gòu)分散,廢話連篇,嚴(yán)重跑題。書面表達(dá),內(nèi)容廣泛,題材多樣,要弄清考題的要求是寫人、敘事、介紹、評(píng)論、圖表、書信、日記、通知、便條還是看圖作文或改寫縮寫。如果是日記,要寫清年、月、日和天氣情況;如果是書信,則要注意書信的格式,注意短文字?jǐn)?shù)不要低于或超過(guò)規(guī)定的字?jǐn)?shù)太多。3.語(yǔ)言通順,表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確(1)避免使用漢語(yǔ)式英語(yǔ),盡量使用自己熟悉的句型。幾種句型可交替使用,以避免重復(fù)和呆板。(2)多用簡(jiǎn)單句型,記事、寫人一般都不需要復(fù)雜的句型??蛇m當(dāng)多使用陳述句、一般疑問(wèn)句、祈使句和感嘆句。不用或少用非謂語(yǔ)或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等較復(fù)雜的句型。(3).注意語(yǔ)法、句法知識(shí)的靈活運(yùn)用。1)語(yǔ)態(tài)、時(shí)態(tài)要準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤。2)主謂語(yǔ)要一致,主語(yǔ)的人稱和數(shù)要和謂語(yǔ)一致。3)注意人稱代詞的賓格形式。4)注意冠詞用法,例如:Heisanhoneststudent.中的an不能寫成a。5)注意拼寫、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)和大小寫,例如:receive,believe,fourteen,forty,ninth,restaurant等。標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)特別注意漢英的不同,例如:漢語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)A.句號(hào)。.B.省略號(hào)………C.頓號(hào)、無(wú)(4)描寫人物時(shí),要生動(dòng)具體,例如:1)外表特征:tall,short,fat,thin,strong,weak,ordinary-looking等。2)服飾顏色:red,yellow,blue,white,green,brown,black等。3)內(nèi)心境界:glad,happy,sad,excited,anxious,interested等。4)感情描寫:love,like,hate,feel,laugh,cry,smile,shout等。5)動(dòng)作描寫:come,go,get,have,take,bring,fetch等。(5)上下文要連貫。上下文的連貫性也是評(píng)分的一條原則,因此同學(xué)們應(yīng)把寫好的句子,根據(jù)故事情節(jié),事情發(fā)生的先后次序(時(shí)間或空間),使用一些表示并列、遞進(jìn)等過(guò)渡詞進(jìn)行加工整理,使文章連貫、自然、流暢。同學(xué)們應(yīng)注意下面過(guò)渡的用法:1)表示并列關(guān)系的過(guò)渡詞:and,aswellas,or…2)表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的過(guò)渡詞:but,yet,however…3)表示時(shí)間關(guān)系的過(guò)渡詞:first,second,third,andthen,finally,after,before,afterafewdays,atlast,atthattime,later,inthepast,immediately,inthemeanwhile,when,while,then,afterthat…4)表示空間關(guān)系的過(guò)渡詞:near(to),far(from),inthefrontof,beside,behind,beyond,above,below,totheright,totheleft,ononeside,ontheothersideof,outside…5)表示比較關(guān)系的過(guò)渡詞:inthesameway,justlike,justas…6)表示對(duì)照關(guān)系的過(guò)渡詞:but,still,yet,however,ontheotherhand,inspiteof,eventhough…7)表示遞進(jìn)關(guān)系的過(guò)渡詞:also,and,then,too,inaddition,moreover,again…8)表示因果關(guān)系的過(guò)渡詞:because,since,then,thus,otherwise,so,therefore,asaresult…9)表示解釋說(shuō)明的過(guò)渡詞:forexample,infact,inthiscase,for,actually…10)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)的過(guò)渡詞:infact,indeed,necessarily,certainly,withoutanydoubt,truly,mostimportant…11)表示目的的過(guò)渡詞:forthisreason,forthispurpose,sothat,inorderthat,soasto,inorderto,…12)表示列舉的過(guò)渡詞:forexample,suchas…13)表示總結(jié)性的過(guò)渡詞:inconclusion,finally,atlast,inbrief,ashasbeenstat
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