2023屆上海市楊浦區(qū)高三英語一模試卷及答案(不含聽力原文)

2023屆上海市楊浦區(qū)高三一模英語試卷考生注意:1.考試時(shí)間120分鐘，試卷滿分140分。2.本次考試設(shè)試卷和答題紙兩部分。所有答題必須涂(選擇題)或?qū)?非選擇題)在答題紙上，做在試卷上一律不得分。3.務(wù)必在答題紙上填寫準(zhǔn)考證號和姓名，并將核對后的條形碼貼在指定位置上。.I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Atthetravelagency.B.Attheshoppingmall.C.Atthemuseum.D.Atthelecturehall.2.A.Itsplugismissing.B.Ithasgotoutofpaper.C.Itisn'tconnectedtothepower.D.Itisnotputintherightposition.3.A.Bossandemployee.B.Colleagues.C.Policemanandprisoner.D.Classmates.4.A.Shefailedthedrivingtestinthepast.B.Shecan'tbelievethemanfailed.C.Themanshouldhavepracticedmore.D.Themanshouldforgetaboutthetest.5.A.Hethinkshighlyofit.B.Hedoesn'tlikeit.C.Itlaststoolong.D.Itscontentisnotgood.6.A.Eightweeksisnotaproblemforhim.B.Allthespecialistsarefullybooked.C.Thegoodspecialistisworththewait.D.Hisbackproblemisnotveryserious.7.A.Thelibrarywon'tbeopenaspreviouslyscheduled.B.Thelibraryisbelievedtobebeyondrepair.C.Therepairworkdidn'tstartfromthe25thofMay.D.Therepairworkshouldhavebeenplannedearlier.8.A.Thewomanshouldstickwithhercurrentjob.B.Thewomanshouldtakethenewjoboffer.C.Thewomanshouldbepreparedtoworkextrahours.D.Thewomanshouldstopcomplainingaboutherjob.9.A.Themanisdeterminedtohaveabreakthisweekend.B.Themanishesitantoverwhethertohaveabreakornot.C.Bothofthemareunderpressureanddeserveabreak.D.Neitherofthemwillenjoyastress-freeweekend.10.A.Hetendstounderstatethedifficulty.B.Helikestomakeemptypromises.C.Heispassionateaboutextremesports.D.Hehatestostretchthetruth.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswert0thequestionyouhaveheard.QuestionsIIthrough13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Trynottothinkofapolarbear.B.Trytoposeasapolarbear.C.Stopthinkingabouttheirfeet.D.Observethemselvesforafewminutes.12.A.Thosewhowereinformedofthepurposeoftheexperiment.B.Thosewhoweretoldtothinkofwhitebearsonpurpose.C.Thosewhowereshownpicturesofwhitebearsatintervals.D.Thosewhowereaskednottothinkofawhitebearfromthebeginning.13.A.Therewillbegreaterchanceofuscontrollingthethoughts.B.Olddoubtswillbemorelikelytocome10thesurface.C.Wewillbeabletogetridofnegativethoughts.D.Wewillbebotheredmorelikelybythethoughts.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Byusingaspecialtypeofliquid.B.Byabsorbingtheheatfromtheceiling.C.Byfixingadeviceontheinsidecoating.D.Byremovingpressurefromthepipes.15.A.Ithassuccessfullyachievedzero-carbonemission.B.Renewableenergyisusedtheretopowerlightsandheating.C.ItisabletosupplyalltheheatingintheareaofGlasgow.D.Itattractsprofessionaldancerstohaveagreattimethere.16.A.Anewmachinetotransformheatenergy.B.Arevolutionarybatterythatstoresheat.C.AninnovativeprojectcalledBodyheat.D.Aglobaldiscussiononfightingclimatechange.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Aphonewithanup-to-dateoperatingsystem.B.Anewmodelwithadifferentsizeandcolor.C.Amodelthathasthelongest-lastingbattery.D.Aphonewithanautomaticfilmingfunction.18.A.Itmaynotbeasefficientastheoldone.B.Ittakesmuchtimetogetusedtoanewphone.C.Shecan'taffordtobuyanewphone.D.Shedoesn'tlikethenewapplications.19.A.Theirphonesareregularlyupdated.B.Theyarebothinterestedindigitaltechnology.C.Theybothhaddatastolenfromthephones.D.Theiroldphoneswereboughtabout2yearsago.20.A.Improvingproductivityatwork.B.Enlargingthephonestorage.C.Buyinganewsmartphone.D.Increasingphonesecurity.II.GrammarandvocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.It'sOKNottoBeOKEverynowandthen,youareprobablytoldnottogiveupwhenthingsgetdifficult.Butatwhatpointcanwefeelthatit'sOKtogiveup?Sometimes,givingupcanbeathoughtfulandbravedecision.Ifyoufeellikeyouhavetheweightoftheworldonyourshouldersanditisholding(21)______down,findawaytotakeabreak.(22)______(remember)thatyoucanalwaysgiveupwhenyouhityourlimitandstartoverwhenyoufeelreadyagain.SimoneBiles,witha(23)______(combine)totalof32OlympicandWorldChampionshipmedals,gotacaseofthe“twisties"attheOlympicsinTokyolastyear.Thismeansthatwhendoingflips(空翻)ortwists,theworld'sgreatestgymnasthadahardtimefiguringout(24)______thegroundwas.So,shetoldtheworldshewasn'tgoingtocompete(25)______,sheknewherlimits.Ifshehadpushedherselfatallcosts,shemighthaveendedupwithalifelonginjury.Instead,sheknewwhen(26)______(tell)peopleshewasn'tOK.Asafour-timeGrandSlamwinnerattheageof23,theJapanesetennisplayerNaomiOsaka(27)______(drop)outofthe2021FrenchOpen.Sheannouncedthatsheneededabreak(28)______thespotlighttoworkonhermentalhealth.InaTIMEmagazineinterviewbeforetheOlympics,shesaid,“Idohopethatpeople(29)______relateandunderstandit'sOKtonotbeOK,andit'sOKtotalkaboutit.Therearepeople(30)______experiencesareinspiring,andthereisusuallylightattheendofanytunnel."SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.justifyB.trendC.theoryD.restrictedE.diversifyingF.obviouslyG.termedH.climateI.suddenlyJ.seekingK.evidentTheLipstickEffectIn2020,theworldwasplungedintoaneconomicdownturnastheCOVID-19pandemiccausedwidespreadclosurestobusinesses.Underthesecircumstances,millionsofpeople(31)_______foundthemselvesfacingfinancialinsecurity.Duringsuchtimesofeconomichardship,onemaynaturallyexpectthatconsumermarketswillseeadeclineinexpenditure,aspeopleeverywherefeel(32)_______tomakingonly“essential"purchases.However,acuriousphenomenonknownasthe“l(fā)ipstickeffect"canoftenbeobserved.Thelipstickeffectreferstothephenomenonofconsumersspendingonsmallluxurygoodsevenwhenaneconomicdepressionoccurs.Thisphenomenonwas(33)_______the“l(fā)ipstickeffect"in2001byLeonardLauder,chairmanofluxurycosmeticcompanyEsteeLauder.Hehadnotonlywitnessedthephenomenonatworkbutalsorealizedthatitwasespecially(34)_______inthecaseoflipstickandothercosmeticproducts.So,howexactlydoconsumerswhoareshortofcash(35)_______makingsuchpurchases?Firstandperhapsmost(36)_______consumersmaysimplywishtogivethemselvestreatsnowandagaintoprovidedistractionsfromtheirfinancialinsecurity.Another(37)_______hastodowithlabormarkets.Specifically,duringtheeconomicdepression,jobseekingtendstobecomemorecompetitive.Thus,people(38)_______employmentmayperceiveaneedtospendmoneyoncertainproductstoimprovetheirphysicalappearance.Byusingproductssuchaslipstick,theymayfeelmoreconfidentduringjobinterviews.Whateverthecausesofthelipstickeffect,thisphenomenonisnoshort-lived(39)_______.Duringtheglobaldepressionof2007-2009,salesofcosmeticintheUnitedStatesincreasedbyaround5%.Basedonsuchdata,itseemsthateveninthecurrentinsecureeconomic(40)_______theluxurycosmeticsindustryisonethatwillbestickingaround.III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Thehumanmemoryisphenomenallystrong.Italsohasahabitofgettingthingsbadlywrong.AccordingtoJonathanHancock,ourmemoryexpert,faultymemoriescanbe(41)_____revealing.Justlastweek,(42)_____,mywifeandIwerediscussinghowwe'dchosenouryoungestson'sname.Ihada(43)_____memoryofuswritingoutalistofpossiblenames,butstoppingafterjustafewbecausewe'dspottedonewebothloved.Mywife(44)_____.Inhermemory,we'dhadamuchlongerlist,andgonebackandchosenonefromthemiddleofthelist.Sowedugoutthepieceofpaperwe'dused-andfoundthatwe'dactuallydonesomethingcompletely(45)_____tochooseNate'sname.Memorymistakeshappenonalargerscale,too.The“MandelaEffect”iswhenlotsofpeoplehaveconfidentrecollectionsthatturnouttobe(46)_____.ItwasnamedbyresearcherswhowerediscussingtheirstrongmemoriesofNelsonMandela'sdeathinprison-whenheactuallylivedfor23yearsafterhis(47)_____.Thereareplentyofotherexamplesofthisphenomenon.Ifyou'resurethatyourememberseeingtheMonopolyManwearingaspyglass,forinstance,orhearingawickedqueensay“Mirror,mirroronthewall,"you’ve(48)_____ityourself(hedoesn't,andshesays,“Magicmirroronthewall"(49)_____.Sowhat'sgoingon?Well,forstarters,memoryoftenworksby(50)_____,andsimilarbitsofinformationcanoverlapinourbrains.We'realsogoodat“fillingintheblanks”withdetailsthatarelogicalbutuntrue.What'smore,wheneverwerunthroughamemory,wemakeitstronger-(51)_____anybitsthatwerewrong.Butthere'splentyofgoodnewshere,too.Everyonemisremembers.Weshouldn'tbetoohardonourselveswhenwemakemistakes.Thementalassociationsthatsometimesleadto(52)_____canalsohelpustofindinformationotherwisedifficulttolocate.Ifyou’re(53)_____withsomeone’sname,trythinkingofthingsyouassociatewiththem,andseeifyourbraingetsthepushitneeds.Discussingyourmemoriesisgreatmentalexercise.Ithighlightsstrengthsandweaknesses,andletsyoulearntipsfromothers.54_____memoriesoftenbuildsamuchmoreaccuratepicture.Thatwascertainlytrueformywifeandme.Makesuretorememberthatrememberingisacreative(55)_____:mind-blowinglypowerful,andalsolikelytomakemistakes.41.A.subsequently B.extremely C.rarely D.instantly42.A.onthecontrary B.forexample C.inaddition D.bytheway43.A.faint B.smart C.painful D.vivid44.A.inferred B.hesitated C.confirmed D.disagreed45.A.different B.subjective C.primitive D.contradictory46.A.wrong B.consistent C.substantial D.right47.A.rejection B.release C.imprisonment D.movement48.A.experienced B.witnessed C.anticipated D.spread49.A.though B.finally C.instead D.otherwise50.A.conservation B.separation C.facilitation D.association51.A.excluding B.regarding C.including D.considering52.A.errors B.trials C.facts D.data53.A.competing B.struggling C.corresponding D.exchanging54.A.Attaining B.Boosting C.Perceiving D.Comparing55.A.component B.phase C.outcome D.processSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Arare765-year-oldgoldcoinfoundonfarmlandinDevoninsouth-westEnglandisexpectedtosellforuptohalfamillionpoundsatauction.Itisbelievedthatthecoinwasmademorethan750yearsago,duringtheruleoftheEnglishKingHenryII.Itisoneofonlyeightknowntoexist.FeaturingapictureofKingHenryIIIononesideandacrossandrosesontheother,thecoinisaround2.5centimetersacross.ItwasmadewithgoldthatcamefromnorthAfrica.ItwasfoundinSeptemberlastyearbyadetectorist(someonewholooksforitemsburiedundergroundusingametaldetector)inHemyockvillage.Thedetectoristhadnoideahowrarethecoinwasuntilhepostedaphotoofitonsocialmedia,whereitwasspottedbyahistoryexpert.Thefinder,whodoesn'twanttobenamed,wastoldtolakethecointotheBritishMuseum,whereitwasconfirmedthatthecoinwasveryrare.Accordingtothelaw,thefinderisallowedtokeepitbecauseit'sasinglecoinandnotpartofabiggerhaulbuthehasdecidedtosellit.HetoldtheBBC,“Thecoinwasfoundinanunappealingfieldandcouldquiteeasilyhaveneverbeenrecovered.Nowitisprotectedforfuturegenerationstoenjoy."ThecoinisespeciallyvaluablebecauseitwasoneofEngland'sfirstgoldcoins.Thecountry'scoinsweremadeofsilveruntilKingHenryII,whoruledfrom1216untilhisdeathin1272,introducedgoldoneswithhispictureonthem.ProfessorDavidCarpenteratKing'sCollegeLondon,hastracedthecoinbacktoamancalledJohndeHidon,whowasthelordofHemyockManor.Carpenterthinksthecoinmayhavefallenoutofsomeone'spocket-eitherdeHidonhimselforoneofhisstaff.56.Thecorrectorderoftheeventsthathappenedis,①Thevalueofthecoinwasconfirmed.②Acoinwasunearthedinthefield.③ThecoinwasondisplayattheBritishMuseum.④Thecoinwasintendedforsale.⑤Thecoincaughttheattentionofahistoryexpert.A.①③②④B.②⑤①④C.②①⑤④③D.④②①③⑤57.Whichofthefollowingaspectsismentionedaboutthecoin?A.Itsexhibition.B.Itssignificance.C.ltspreservation.D.Itsdistribution.58.Theunderlinedword“haul"inthethirdparagraphprobablymeansA.stolenorillegalthingsB.importedgoodsC.patentedculturalitemsD.hiddenmineralresources59.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleforthenewsstory?A.HowtoDiscoverHiddenTreasureB.ACoinSoldforMillionsC.HistoryMiraculouslyRepeatsItselfD.TreasureHunterStrikesGold(B)60.WhatcanbelearnedabouttheMedicalResearchFoundation?A.ItisaUK-basedmedicalcenterforrarediscases.B.Itisbreakinggroundintacklingantimicrobialresistance.C.Itisfamousfortrainingnextgenerationsofscientists.D.ItisasectionoftheMedicalResearchCouncil.61.IfJennywouldliketobekeptinformedoftheworkoftheMedicalResearchFoundationviaemail,sheshould_______.A.fillintheformatthebottomB.scantheQRcodeontherightC.clicktheprovidedwebsitelinkD.sendanemailtothefoundation62.ThewholepageisdevotedtoA.advocatingonecharitableagencyB.introducingsomebrilliantscientistsC.launchinganappealfordonationsD.raisingawarenessofglobalhealthchallenges(C)Childrenoftenlearnnewlanguagesmoreeasilythanadultsdo,butit'sunclearwhy.Sometheorizethatgraspingalanguagerequiresabsorbingsubtlepatternsunconsciouslyandthatadults'superiorconsciousreasoningisloblame.Newresearchsuggeststhat,indeed,grown-upsmightjustbetoosmartfortheirowngood.ForarecentstudyintheJournalofExperimentalPsychology;General,agroupofBelgianadultsatthesametimereadandheardstringsoffourmade-upwords(suchas“kiengniefsiethiem").Specificconsonants(輔音)alwaysappearedatthebeginningorendofawordifthewordcontainedacertainvowel(元音).Participantsnextreadthesequencesaloudquickly.Theirabilitytoavoidmistakesdoingsoindicatedhowwelltheyabsorbedtheconsonant-vowelpatterns.Butbeforeexposuretothenewwords,theparticipantshadcarriedoutaseparatetest:pressingkeystoreacttolettersandnumbers.Somegotamuchfaster,morementallydrainingversionofthistest.Thosewhodidthedifficultversionclaimedgreatermentalexhaustionafterward--butperformedbetteronthefollowinglanguagetask.Theresearchersassumethattiredlearnersusedlessconsciousanalysisonthewordrules:theywerefreetolearnlikeachild.ForarelatedpaperintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciencesUSA，theresearchteamhadEnglish-speakingadultslisten10streamsofsyllables(音節(jié))secretlygroupedintothree-syllable“words."Later,theyplayedpairsofthree-syllableunits;onewordinthepaircamefromthestream,andonewasanewcombination.Theparticipantsguessedwhichwordwasfamiliar,thenratedtheirconfidence.Inoneparticipantgroup,somehadfirstdonetheoriginalmentallydrainingtest.Inanother,somehadreceivedmagneticpulsestointerruptactivityinabrainareathatpreviousresearchhaslinkedtoexecutivecontrol.Inbothgroups,thesemeasuresimprovedparticipants'performanceonthesyllabletaskwhentheywereunsureabouttheiranswers,indicatingunconsciousanalysisofspeech.NeuroscientistMichaelUllman,whowasnotinvolvedineitherpaper,likesthatboththestudiesaddedtomentalburdendifferentlyandmeasureddifferentskills.That'sreallygoodinsciencebecauseyou'vegotevidencespointingtothesamedirection,"hesays,addingthathewouldliketoseehigherlanguageskillssuchasgrammarstudiedthisway.63.ThereasonwhysomeBelgiansweregivenamoredifficulttestbeforethelanguagetaskwasthat_______.A.theywouldhavenotimetopreparefortheupcomingtaskB.theywouldbelo0otiredmentallytoconsciouslyanalyzetherulesC.theycouldhavesomethingtorefertointhefollowingtaskD.theymightcomparethedifficultylevelofthetwotasks64.Howdidtheparticipantswhohadreceivedmagneticpulsesdointhesyllabletask,comparedwiththosewhohadn't?A.Theyreliedmoreuponconsciousanalysis.B.Theyidentifiedmorefamiliarcombinations.C.Theyperformedthetasklessconfidently.D.Theywerelessabletocontrolemotions.65.WhatcanbeinferredfromMichaelUllman'sremark?A.Theresearchresultisnotsoliduntilgrammarisincluded.B.Subconsciousmindremainstobeexploredinscience.C.Theoutcomesofthetworesearchesbackeachotherup.D.Moreevidenceisneededtobacktheclaimofthetwopapers.66.Whichofthefollowingconclusionswilltheresearchteamagreewith?A.Humanbrainprocesseslanguagesinmultipleways.B.Consciousanalysisisthekeytomasteringalanguage.C.Increasingmentalhealthimprovesone'slanguage.D.Reducingreasoningmayhelptolearnalanguage.SectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.Onecan'thelpbutwonderwhennewtechwillconveyemotionthroughavirtualtouch.B.Evenwithnotraining,30newstudyparticipantscorrectlymatchedthesimulatedtouchestothesixsituations45percentofthetime.C.Sometimesatextorvideocallisnotenough,andpeopleinSalvato'ssituationoftenlongforawaytosendalovingtouchorcomfortingsqueezefromafar.D.Inthefuture,insteadofjustsendinga<3toalovedonebyphoneorcomputer,addinga“touchemoji"mighthelpusfeeljustalittlebitcloser.E.Next,theyusedamachine-learningsoftwaretoselectthemovementsthatweremostreliablypartofeachresponse.F.“It'sauniqueworkthatlooksathowoursocialtouchisdeliveredandthen...howtoreproduceit,"saysGerling,atouchresearchernotinvolvedinthestudy.TouchingEmoji(表情符號)DistancingamidtheCOVID-19pandemichasmadebothphysicalandsocialconnectionsatouchmoredifficulttomaintain.ForStanfordUniversitygraduatestudentMillieSalvato,beingapartfromhermotherontheoppositecoasthasprovedchallenging.(67)________Inanewstudy,sheandhercolleaguesdemonstratedawearablesleevethatcansimulate(模擬)humantouchandconveyabstractsocialmessagessentelectronically.Salvatoandherteammeasuredhow37participantsexpressedsocialinformationindifferentsituations.Ineachtest,onepersonworeapressure-sensingdeviceonanarm,andanothertouchedittorespondtosituationsinvolvingsixintendedmeanings:attentionseeking,gratitude,happiness,calming,loveandsadness.Aftercollecting661touchmovements-squeezes,strokes,shakes,pokes,andthelike-Salvatoandhercolleaguesmappedthelocationandpressureofeach.(68)________Finally,theyprogrammedawearablesleevetosimulatethesemovementsusingeightembeddeddisksthatshakewhenelectronicallysignaled.“Itdoesn'tfeellikeanactualhumanhand..butitdoesn'tfeelliketheseseparatemotionscither,"Salvatosays,asonemightexpectfromlargemovingdisks.“Itfeelsnice,honestly."(69)________Forcomparison,apreviousstudyfromGerling'slaboratoryfoundparticipantscouldmatchsituationsfortouchesfromrealhumanhands57percentofthetime.Inthenewstudy,“Ithinkit'sinterestingthatparticipantscanreliablyunderstandwhattouchhasbeendeliveredtothemataprettyhighrate,giventhescarceamountofinformationthattheyhaveavailabletothem,"Gerlingsays.Previousresearchhasfoundthatsocialtouchisimportantforphysicalandmentalhealth.(70)________IV.SummaryWritingDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.ShouldHandFeedingDolphinsBeEncouraged?SometouristcenterstrainIndo-Pacificbottlenosedolphinstoapproachbeachsidepublicsightingareasorboatsbyhand-feedingthemsmallamountsoffisheveryday.Becausehand-fedmalesaggressivelyattackeachotheroverthefood,puttingthemselvesandnearbyhumansindanger,touristcentersfocustheirhandfeedingonlyonfemaledolphins,saysValerieSenigagliaatMurdochUniversityinPerh,Australia.Butrecentstudieshaveshownthatonly38%ofthecalves(惠)ofhand-feedwilddolphinssurvivetothreeyearsofage,whichismuchlowerthantheaverage77%survivalrateforwildcalvesingeneral.Tobetterunderstandwhy,SenigagliaandhercolleaguesevaluatedthesocialbehaviorofdolphinsaroundtheBunburycoastinWesternAustralia.Inparticular,theyobservedtheindividualbehaviorandmovementof35dolphins,including13thathadbeenhand-fedusingasmallboat.Theyregularlyfollowedeachdolphinforperiodslastingfrom20minutesto3hoursfortwoyearsinarowforatotalof180hours.Theyfoundthathand-feddolphinsswaminrelativelylargegroups,butmorereadilybrok