2022高考英語乙卷B篇二次精讀（學生版）

語篇類型：書評主題語境：人與社會文學書評難度系數(shù)：★★建議用時：8’文章出處：第2課時第一節(jié)：真題再現(xiàn)〔2022全國乙卷B篇〕In1916,twogirlsofwealthyfamilies,bestfriendsfromAuburn,N.Y.—DorothyWoodruffandRosamondUnderwood—traveledtoasettlementintheRockyMountainstoteachinaoneroomschoolhouse.ThegirlshadgonetoSmithCollege.Theyworeexpensiveclothes.SoforthemtomovetoElkhead,Colo.toinstructthechildrenwhoseshoeswereheldtogetherwithstringwasasurprise.TheirstayinElkheadisthesubjectofNothingDaunted:TheUnexpectedEducationofTwoSocietyGirlsintheWestbyDorothyWickenden,whoisamagazineeditorandDorothyWoodruff'sgranddaughter.Whydidtheygothen?Well,theywantedtodosomethinguseful.Soon,however,theyrealizedwhattheyhadundertaken.Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,and,likethem,hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.Somemornings,RosamondandDorothywouldarriveattheschoolhousetofindthechildrenweepingfromthecold.Inspring,thesnowwasreplacedbymudoverice.InWickenden'sbook,sheexpandedonthehistoryoftheWestandalsoonfeminism,whichofcourseinfluencedthegirls'decisiontogotoElkhead.Ahairraisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentailed〔牽涉〕drillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.ThebookendswithRosamondandDorothy'sreturntoAuburn.Wickendenisaverygoodstoryteller.Thesweepofthelandandthestoicism〔堅忍〕ofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.HereisapictureofDorothyWoodruff,onherhorse,lookingdownfromahilltop:"Whenthesunslippedbehindthemountains,itshedarosyglowallaroundthem.Thenafullmoonrose.Thesnowwasmarkedonlybysmallanimals:foxes,coyotes,mice,andvaryinghares,whichturnedwhiteinthewinter."24.WhydidDorothyandRosamondgototheRockyMountains?A.Toteachinaschool.B.TostudyAmericanhistory.C.Towriteabook.D.Todosightseeing.25.Whatcanwelearnaboutthegirlsfromparagraph3?A.Theyenjoyedmuchrespect.B.Theyhadaroomwithabathtub.C.Theylivedwiththelocalkids.D.Theysufferedseverehardships.26.WhichpartofWickenden'swritingishairraising?A.TheextremeclimateofAuburn.B.ThelivingconditionsinElkhead.C.TherailroadbuildingintheRockies.D.ThenaturalbeautyoftheWest.27.Whatisthetext?A.Anewsreport.B.Abookreview.C.Achildren'sstory.D.Adiaryentry.其次節(jié)：精深語篇高頻核心詞匯1.________________/?welθi/adj.富有的，豐富的2.________________/s??pra?z/n.不尋常的大事，意外之事；驚異，驚異3.________________/?set(?)lm?nt/n.定居點，聚居地；〔解決爭端的〕協(xié)議，和解4.________________/??nd??te?k/v.承當，從事；承諾5.________________/wi?p/v.〔通常因哀痛〕哭泣，流淚6.________________/r??ple?s/v.取代；〔用……〕替換，〔以……〕接替7.________________/??nflu?ns/v.影響，對……起作用8.________________/d??s??(?)n/n.打算，選擇9.________________/r??t??n/n.回來，返回；歸還10.________________/sl?p/v.滑倒，失足；溜走，靜靜地走11.________________/r??spekt/n.敬重，敬重；重視12.________________/we?(r)/v.穿〔衣服〕，戴〔首飾等〕；蓄〔須〕，留〔發(fā)〕13.________________/?ju?sf(?)l/adj.有用的，有益的14.________________/?pr?v?si/n.隱私，隱秘；清靜15.________________/re?(r)/adj.少見的，不常發(fā)生的16.________________/?s?f?(r)/v.〔因疾病、苦痛、哀痛等〕受苦，受熬煎17.________________/s??v??(r)/adj.特別嚴峻的，極為惡劣的18.________________/?hɑ?d??p/n.困苦，困難二、詞性轉(zhuǎn)換：1.________________n.財寶；富有→________________adj.富有的;2.________________v.使定居;安排；安置;→________________n.移民；殖民者；早期開拓者→________________3.________________v.教授,指導→________________n.〔高校的〕講師→________________adj.有教育意義的；有啟發(fā)性的→_______________n.指示；叮囑；命令；教學；講授；傳授；指導；指令；4.________________v.vt.預期；期望；預料→________________n.期盼；期望；預期→________________adj.未料到的;5.________________→________________n.隱私;6.________________vt.伸開；張開；綻開；伸展；綻開vi.具體表達；擴展→________________n.擴張；擴大7.________________n.薔薇花；月季花→________________adj.玫瑰色的;8.________________v.(大小、外形等)不同→________________adj.不同的；有差異的→________________adj.各種各樣的；很多的→________________n.變化；多樣化；各式各樣三、熟詞生義nstruct熟義：v.指示；命令；叮囑生義：v.________________原文：SoforthemtomovetoElkhead,Colo.toinstructthechildrenwhoseshoeswereheldtogetherwithstringwasasurprise.譯文：______________________________________________________________________分析：在本句中意為“toteachsbsth,especiallyapracticalskill(教授，傳授〔技能等〕)〞。2.concern熟義：n.〔尤指很多人共同的〕擔憂，憂慮生義：v.________________原文：Ahairraisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentailed〔牽涉〕drillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.譯文：______________________________________________________________________分析：在本句中意為“toaffectsb;toinvolvesb(影響，涉及，牽涉〔某人〕)〞。3.expand熟義：v.擴大，增加，增加〔尺碼、數(shù)量或重要性〕生義：v.________________原文：InWickenden'sbook,sheexpandedonthehistoryoftheWestandalsoonfeminism,whichofcourseinfluencedthegirls'decisiontogotoElkhead.譯文：______________________________________________________________________4.drill熟義：v.鉆〔孔〕；打〔眼〕生義：________________原文：Ahairraisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentailed〔牽涉〕drillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.譯文：______________________________________________________________________分析：在本句中意為“toteachsbtodosthbymakingthemrepeatitalotoftimes(培訓；訓練)〞。5.concern熟義：n.〔尤指很多人共同的〕擔憂，憂慮生義：v.________________原文：Ahairraisingsectionconcernsthebuildingoftherailroads,whichentailed〔牽涉〕drillingthroughtheRockies,ofteninblindingsnowstorms.譯文：______________________________________________________________________分析：在本句中意為“totalkmore;toadddetailstowhatyouaresaying(細談；詳述；具體說明)〞。分析：在本句中意為“tobeaboutsth(與…有關；涉及)〞。6.blanket熟義：n.毯子；毛毯生義：n.________________原文：Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,and,likethem,hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning..譯文：______________________________________________________________________分析：在本句中意為“tathicklayerorcoveringofsth(

厚層；厚的掩蓋層)〞。7.sweep熟義：v.掃；清掃；清掃生義：n.________________原文：Thesweepofthelandandthestoicism〔堅忍〕ofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.譯文：______________________________________________________________________分析：在本句中意為“therangeofanidea,apieceofwriting,etc.thatconsidersmanydifferentthings(廣泛性；廣博的范圍；廣度)〞。8.sweep熟義：v.掃；清掃；清掃生義：n.________________原文：Thesweepofthelandandthestoicism〔堅忍〕ofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.譯文：______________________________________________________________________。分析：在本句中意為“therangeofanidea,apieceofwriting,etc.thatconsidersmanydifferentthings(廣泛性；廣博的范圍；廣度)〞。9.move熟義：v.〔使〕轉(zhuǎn)變位置，移動生義：v.________________原文：Thesweepofthelandandthestoicism〔堅忍〕ofthepeoplemovehertosomebeautifulwriting.譯文：______________________________________________________________________分析：在本句中意為“tocausesbtohavestrongfeelings,especiallyofsympathyorsadness(使感動；打動)〞。mark熟義：v.做記號；做標記生義：v.________________原文：Thesnowwasmarkedonlybysmallanimals:foxes,coyotes,mice,andvaryinghares,whichturnedwhiteinthewinter.譯文：______________________________________________________________________分析：在本句中意為“tomakeamarkonsthinawaythatspoilsordamagesit;tobeespoiltordamagedinthisway(留下痕跡；弄污；使有污點)〞。review熟義：n.評審，審查，檢查，檢討〔以進行必要的修改〕生義：n.________________原文：Abookreview.譯文：________________分析：在本句中意為“towriteareportofabook,play,film/movie,etc.inwhichyougiveyouropinionofit

(寫〔關于書籍、戲劇、電影等的〕評論；評介)〞。entry熟義：n.進入〔指行動〕生義：n.________________原文：Adiaryentry.譯文：________________分析：在本句中意為“apieceofwritinginadiary,orinabookcontaininginformationsuchasadictionary(〔日記〕片段；〔字典〕詞條)〞。\四、詞匯應用subject【N.】①ofconversation/book談話；書籍②atschool/college學校的學科；科目；課程③Apersonorthingbeingusedtostudysth.,especiallyinanexperiment接受試驗者；試驗對象Weseemtohavegotoffthesubjectwearemeanttobediscussing.我們好像偏離了應當爭論的話題。Biologyismyfavouritesubject.生物是我最喜愛的學科。Weneedmalesubjectsbetweentheagesof18and25fortheexperiment.我們需要18至25歲之間的男性來接受試驗?！続DJ.】①~tosth.likelytobeaffectedbysth.especiallysth.bad.可能受...影響的；易患病...的②~tosth.dependingonsthinordertobepletedoragreed取決于；視...而定③~tosth.undertheauthorityofsth./sb.受...支配；聽從于...Flightaresubjecttodelaybecauseofthefog.由于有霧，航班可能延誤。Thearticleisreadytopublish,subjecttoyourapproval.那篇文章預備好了，可以發(fā)表，就等你批準了。Allnuclearinstallationsaresubjecttointernationalsafeguards.一切核設施均須執(zhí)行國際防護措施?！緑.】①~sth.tosth.tobringacountryorgroupofpeopleunderyourcontrol,especiallybyusingforce.使臣服；是服從；壓制TheRomanEmpiresubjectedmostofEuropetoitsrule.羅馬帝國把歐洲多數(shù)地區(qū)置于自己的統(tǒng)治之下。五、核心詞塊1.nothingdaunted________________2.moveinwithsb________________3.ablanketofsnow________________xpandon/uponsth________________5.endwith________________6.fullmoon________________7.dosightseeing________________8.livingconditions________________長難句分析1.SoforthemtomovetoElkhead.Colotoinstructthechildrenwhoseshoeswereheldtogetherwithstringwasasurprise.〔Para.1〕分析：______________________________________________________________________譯文：______________________________________________________________________2.Theymovedinwithalocalfamily,theHarrisons,and,likethem,hadlittleprivacy,rarebaths,andablanketofsnowontheirquiltwhentheywokeupinthemorning.分析：______________________________________________________________________譯文：______________________________________________________________________3.InWickenden’sbook,sheexpandedonthehistoryoftheWestandalsoonfeminism,whichofcourseinfluencedthegirls’decisiontogotoElkhead.分析：______________________________________________________________________譯文：______________________________________________________________________第三節(jié)：實戰(zhàn)演練典例1：根底練★★Passage1(2021浙江7月卷*閱讀理解A篇)Iamanactiveplaygoerandplay﹣reader，andperhapsmybestreasonforeditingthisbookisahopeofsharingmyenthusiasmforthetheaterwithothers.TodothisIhavesearchedthroughdozensofplaystofindtheonesthatIthinkbestshowthepowerandpurposeoftheshortplay.Eachplayhasathemeorcentralideawhichtheplaywright〔劇作家〕hopestogetacrossthroughdialogueandaction.Afewcharactersareusedtocreateasingleimpressiongrowingoutofthetheme.Itisnotmyintentiontopointoutthecentralthemeofeachoftheplaysinthiscollection，forthatwould，indeed，ruinthepleasureofreading，discussing，andthinkingabouttheplaysandtheeffectivenessoftheplaywright.However，avarietyoftypesisrepresentedhere.Theseincludeedy，satire，poignantdrama，historicalandregionaldrama.Toshowtheversatility〔多面性〕oftheshortplay，Ihaveincludedaguidanceplay，aradioplayandatelevisionplay.Amongthewritersoftheplaysinthiscollection，PaulGreen，SusanGlaspell，MaxwellAnderson，ThorntonWilder，WilliamSaroyan，andTennesseeWilliamshaveallreceivedPulitzerPrizesfortheircontributionstothetheater.Moreinformationabouttheplaywrightswillbefoundattheendofthisbook.Togetthemostoutofreadingtheseplays，trytopicturetheplayonstage，withyou，thereader，intheaudience.Thehouselightsdim〔變暗〕.Thecurtainsareabouttoopen，andinafewminutestheactionanddialoguewilltellyouthestory.1.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthorfromthefirstparagraph？A.Hehaswrittendozensofplays.B.Hehasadeeploveforthetheater.C.Heisaprofessionalstageactor.D.Helikesreadingshortplaystoothers.2.Whatdoestheauthoravoiddoinginhiswork？A.Statingtheplays'centralideas.B.Selectingworksbyfamousplaywrights.C.Includingvarioustypesofplays.D.Offeringinformationontheplaywrights.3.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdowhilereadingtheplays？A.Controltheirfeelings.B.Applytheiractingskills.C.Usetheirimagination.D.Keeptheiraudienceinmind.4.Whatisthistext？A.Ashortstory.B.Anintroductiontoabook.C.Aplayreview.D.Anadvertisementforatheater.Passage2(2021新高考Ⅰ卷*閱讀理解C篇)Inthemid﹣1990s，TomBisselltaughtEnglishasavolunteerinUzbekistan.Heleftaftersevenmonths，physicallybrokenandhavinglosthismind.Afewyearslater，stillattractedtothecountry，hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea.Hisvisit，however，endedupinvolvingalotmorethanthat.Hencethisbook，ChasingtheSea：LostAmongtheGhostsofEmpireinCentralAsia，whichtalksaboutaroadtripfromTashkenttoKarakalpakstan，wheremillionsofliveshavebeendestroyedbytheslowdryingupofthesea.ItisthestoryofanAmericantravellingtoastrangeland，andofthepeoplehemeetsonhisway：Rustam，histranslator，alovely24﹣year﹣oldwhopickeduphiscolorfulEnglishinCalifornia，OlegandNatasha，hishostsinTashkent，andastringofforeignaidworkers.ThisisaquicklookatlifeinUzbekistan，madeoffriendlinessandwarmth，butalsoitsdarkersideofsociety.InSamarkand，MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders，whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.InFerghana，heattendsamountainfuneral〔葬禮〕followedbyastrangedrinkingparty.AndinKarakalpakstan，heissaddenedbytheduststorms，diseasesandfishingboatsstuckmilesfromthesea.MrBissellskillfullyorganizeshistoricalinsightsandculturalreferences，makinghistaleawell﹣roundedpictureofUzbekistan，seenfromWesterneyes.HisjudgmentandreferencesaredecidedlyAmerican，aswellashisdelicatestomach.Astheauthorexplains，thisisneitheratravelnorahistorybook，orevenapieceofreportage.Whateveritis，theresultisafineandvividdescriptionofthepurestofCentralAsiantraditions.1.WhatmadeMrBissellreturntoUzbekistan？A.Hisfriends'invitation.B.Hisinterestinthecountry.C.Hisloveforteaching.D.Hisdesiretoregainhealth.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"that"inparagraph2referto？A.Developingaseriousmentaldisease.B.TakingaguidedtourinCentralAsia.C.WorkingasavolunteerinUzbekistan.D.WritinganarticleabouttheAralSea.3.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMrBissell'sroadtripinUzbekistan？A.Romantic.B.Eventful.C.Pleasant.D.Dangerous.4.Whatisthepurposeofthistext？A.Tointroduceabook.B.Toexplainaculturalphenomenon.C.Torememberawriter.D.Toremendatraveldestination.典例2：力量提升練★★★Passage1(2020新高考Ⅱ卷*閱讀理解C篇)InMay1987theGoldenGateBridgehada50thbirthdayparty.Thebridgewasclosedtomotortrafficsopeoplecouldenjoyawalkacrossit.Organizersexpectedperhaps50，000peopletoshowup.Instead，asmanyas800，000crowdedtheroadstothebridge.Bythetime250，000wereonthebridge，engineersnoticedsomethingterrible：theroadwaywasflatteningunderwhatturnedouttobetheheaviestloadithadeverbeenaskedtocarry.Worse，itwasbeginningtosway〔晃動〕.Theauthoritiesclosedaccesstothebridgeandtensofthousandsofpeoplemadetheirwaybacktoland.Adisasterwasavoided.ThestoryisoneofscoresinToForgiveDesign：UnderstandingFailure，abookthatisatoncealovelettertoengineeringandapaean〔贊歌〕toitsbreakdowns.Itsauthor，Dr.HenryPetroski，haslongbeenwritingaboutdisasters.Inthisbook，heincludesthelossofthespaceshuttles〔航天飛機〕ChallengerandColumbia，andthesinkingoftheTitanic.Thoughheacknowledgesthatengineeringworkscanfailbecausethepersonwhothoughtthemuporengineeredthemsimplygotthingswrong，inthisbookDr.Petroskiwidenshisviewtoconsiderthelargercontextinwhichsuchfailuresoccur.Sometimesdevicesfailbecauseagooddesignisconstructedwithlowqualitymaterialsinpetentlyapplied.Orperhapsadesignworkssowellitisadoptedelsewhereagainandagain，withseeminglyharmlessimprovements，until，suddenly，itdoesnotworkatallanymore.Readerswillencounternotonlystoriestheyhaveheardbefore，butsomenewstoriesandamovingdiscussionoftheresponsibilityoftheengineertothepublicandthewaysyoungengineerscanbehelpedtograspthem."Successissuccessbutthatisallthatitis，"Dr.Petroskiwrites.Itisfailurethatbringsimprovement.1.WhathappenedtotheGoldenGateBridgeonits50thbirthday？A.Itcarriedmoreweightthanitcould.B.Itswayedviolentlyinastrongwind.C.Itsroadwaywasdamagedbyvehicles.D.Itsaccesswasblockedbymanypeople.2.WhichofthefollowingisDr.Petroski'sideaaccordingtoparagraph3？A.Nodesigniswellreceivedeverywhere.B.Constructionismoreimportantthandesign.C.Notalldisastersarecausedbyengineeringdesign.D.Improvementsonengineeringworksarenecessary.3.Whatdoesthelastparagraphsuggest？A.Failurecanleadtoprogress.B.Successresultsinoverconfidence.C.Failureshouldbeavoided.D.Successesfromjointefforts.4.Whatisthetext？A.Anewsreport.B.Ashortstory.C.Abookreview.D.Aresearcharticle.Passage2(2015湖北卷*閱讀理解E篇)Sciencehasalotofuses．Itcanuncoverlawsofnature，curediseases，makebombs，andhelpbridgestostandup．Indeedscienceissogoodatwhatitdoesthatthere'salwaysatemptation〔誘惑〕todragitintoproblemswhereitmaynotbehelpful．DavidBrooks，authorofTheSocialAnimal：TheHiddenSourcesofLove，Character，andAchievement，appearstobethelatestinalonglineofwriterswhohavefailedtoresistthetemptation．Brooksgainedfameforseveralbooks．HislatestbookTheSocialAnimal，however，ismoreambitiousandseriousthanhisearlierbooks．Itisanattempttodealwithasetofweightytopics．Thebookfocusesonbigquestions：Whathassciencerevealedabouthumannature？Whatarethesourcesofcharacter？Andwhyaresomepeoplehappyandsuccessfulwhileothersaren't？Toanswerthesequestions，Brookssurveysawiderangeofdisciplines〔學科〕．Consideringthis，youmightexpectthebooktobeadryrecitationoffacts．ButBrookshasstructuredhisbookinanunorthodox〔特別規(guī)的〕，andperhapsunfortunate，way．Insteadofintroducingscientifictheories，hetellsastory，withinwhichhetriestomakehispoints，perhapsinordertokeepthereader'sattention．SoasHaroldandErica，theheroandheroineinhisstory，livethroughchildhood，wehearaboutthescienceofchilddevelopment，andastheybegintodatewehearaboutthetheoryofsexualattraction．Brookscarriesthisthroughtothedeathofoneofhischaracters．Onthewhole，Brooks'sstoryisacceptableifuninspired．Asonewouldexpect，hiswritingismostlyclearand，tobefair，somechaptersstandoutabovetherest．Ienjoyed，forinstance，thechapterinwhichHarolddiscovershowtothinkonhisown．WhileHaroldandEricaarecertainlynotstrongormemorablecharacters，themoreseriousproblemswithTheSocialAnimallieelsewhere．TheseproblemspartlyinvolveBrooks'sattempttotranslatehistaleintoscience．1.Theauthormentionsthefunctionsofscienceatthebeginningofthepassageto．A．illustratewheresciencecanbeappliedB．demonstratethevalueofBrooks'snewbookC．remindthereaderoftheimportanceofscienceD．explainwhymanywritersusescienceintheirworks2.Accordingtotheauthor，whichofthefollowingcouldbeastrengthofthebook？A．Itsstrongbasis．B．Itsconvincingpoints．C．Itsclearwriting．D．Itsmemorablecharacters．3.Whatistheauthor'sgeneralattitudetowardsthebook？A．Contradictory．B．Supportive．C．Cautious．D．Critical．4.Whatistheauthorlikelytowriteaboutafterthelastparagraph？A．Problemswiththebook．B．Brooks'slifeexperiences．C．Deathofthecharacters．D．Brooks'stranslationskills．典例3：仿真演練★★★★Pa