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高考數(shù)學(xué)選填題專項(xiàng)測(cè)試02(比較大小)第I卷(選擇題)一、單選題:本大題共12小題,每小題5分,共60分。在每小題給出的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,只有一項(xiàng)是符合題目要求的。1.(·福建高三期末)若SKIPIF1<0,則()A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】D【解析】【分析】取特殊值排除AB選項(xiàng),根據(jù)指數(shù)函數(shù)以及對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的單調(diào)性判斷CD選項(xiàng).【詳解】當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,故A錯(cuò)誤;當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,故B錯(cuò)誤;由于函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞減,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,故C錯(cuò)誤;由于函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,SKIPIF1<0則SKIPIF1<0,故D正確;故選:D【點(diǎn)睛】本題主要考查了根據(jù)所給條件判斷不等式是否成立以及利用函數(shù)單調(diào)性比較大小,屬于基礎(chǔ)題.2.(·江西省南城一中高三期末)三個(gè)數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的大小順序是()A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】D【解析】由題意得,SKIPIF1<0,故選D.3.(·重慶高三)己知命題SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則下列命題中真命題是()A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【解析】【分析】分別判斷命題SKIPIF1<0的真假再利用或且非的關(guān)系逐個(gè)選項(xiàng)判斷即可.【詳解】易得當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0為假命題.當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0成立.故SKIPIF1<0為真命題.故SKIPIF1<0為真命題.故選:C【點(diǎn)睛】本題主要考查了命題真假的判斷,屬于基礎(chǔ)題型.4.(·欽州市第三中學(xué)高三月考)設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則()A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【解析】【分析】利用相關(guān)知識(shí)分析各值的范圍,即可比較大小.【詳解】SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,故選:B【點(diǎn)睛】本題主要考查了指數(shù)函數(shù)的單調(diào)性,對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的單調(diào)性,屬于中檔題.5.(·福建高三)已知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則()A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【解析】【分析】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,分別與中間量SKIPIF1<0做比較,作差法得到SKIPIF1<0,再由SKIPIF1<0,最后利用作差法比較SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0的大小即可.【詳解】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,分別與中間量SKIPIF1<0做比較,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,故選:SKIPIF1<0.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查作差法比較大小,對(duì)數(shù)的運(yùn)算及對(duì)數(shù)的性質(zhì)的應(yīng)用,屬于中檔題.6.(·天津二十五中高三月考)已知SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0的大小關(guān)系為A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】D【解析】【詳解】分析:由題意結(jié)合對(duì)數(shù)的性質(zhì),對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的單調(diào)性和指數(shù)的性質(zhì)整理計(jì)算即可確定a,b,c的大小關(guān)系.詳解:由題意可知:SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,綜上可得:SKIPIF1<0.本題選擇D選項(xiàng).點(diǎn)睛:對(duì)于指數(shù)冪的大小的比較,我們通常都是運(yùn)用指數(shù)函數(shù)的單調(diào)性,但很多時(shí)候,因冪的底數(shù)或指數(shù)不相同,不能直接利用函數(shù)的單調(diào)性進(jìn)行比較.這就必須掌握一些特殊方法.在進(jìn)行指數(shù)冪的大小比較時(shí),若底數(shù)不同,則首先考慮將其轉(zhuǎn)化成同底數(shù),然后再根據(jù)指數(shù)函數(shù)的單調(diào)性進(jìn)行判斷.對(duì)于不同底而同指數(shù)的指數(shù)冪的大小的比較,利用圖象法求解,既快捷,又準(zhǔn)確.7.(·榆林市第二中學(xué)高三月考)已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0是定義在SKIPIF1<0上的偶函數(shù),當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的大小關(guān)系為()A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】C【解析】【分析】利用導(dǎo)數(shù)判斷SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,再根據(jù)自變量的大小得到函數(shù)值的大小.【詳解】SKIPIF1<0函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0是定義在SKIPIF1<0上的偶函數(shù),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0恒成立,∴SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0.故選:C.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查利用函數(shù)的性質(zhì)比較數(shù)的大小,考查函數(shù)與方程思想、轉(zhuǎn)化與化歸思想,考查邏輯推理能力和運(yùn)算求解能力,求解時(shí)注意將自變量化到同一個(gè)單調(diào)區(qū)間中.8.(·內(nèi)蒙古高三期末)已知π為圓周率,e為自然對(duì)數(shù)的底數(shù),則A.SKIPIF1<0<SKIPIF1<0 B.πSKIPIF1<0<3SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0>SKIPIF1<0 D.πSKIPIF1<0>3SKIPIF1<0【答案】D【解析】【分析】利用指數(shù)函數(shù)與對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的單調(diào)性、不等式的性質(zhì)即可得出.【詳解】對(duì)于A:函數(shù)y=xe是(0,+∞)上的增函數(shù),A錯(cuò);對(duì)于B:π3e﹣2<3πe﹣2?3e﹣3<πe﹣3,而函數(shù)y=xe﹣3是(0,+∞)上的減函數(shù),B錯(cuò);對(duì)于C:SKIPIF1<0,而函數(shù)y=logex是(0,+∞)上的增函數(shù),C錯(cuò),對(duì)于D:SKIPIF1<0,D正確;故答案為:D.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查了指數(shù)函數(shù)與對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的單調(diào)性,考查了推理能力與計(jì)算能力,屬于基礎(chǔ)題.9.(·天津靜海一中高三學(xué)業(yè)考試)已知SKIPIF1<0是定義在SKIPIF1<0上的偶函數(shù),且在SKIPIF1<0上是增函數(shù).設(shè)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0的大小關(guān)系是()A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】A【解析】【分析】利用偶函數(shù)的對(duì)稱性分析函數(shù)的單調(diào)性,利用指數(shù)函數(shù)、對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的單調(diào)性比較出SKIPIF1<0的大小關(guān)系從而比較函數(shù)值的大小關(guān)系.【詳解】由題意可知SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上是增函數(shù),在SKIPIF1<0上是減函數(shù).因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,故SKIPIF1<0.故選:A【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查函數(shù)的性質(zhì),利用函數(shù)的奇偶性及對(duì)稱性判斷函數(shù)值的大小關(guān)系,涉及指數(shù)函數(shù)、對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的單調(diào)性,屬于基礎(chǔ)題.10.(·湖南高三期末)已知SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0,則下列不等式關(guān)系中正確的是()A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】B【解析】【分析】令SKIPIF1<0,求得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,再根據(jù)冪函數(shù)的單調(diào)性即可得出結(jié)論.【詳解】令SKIPIF1<0SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,∵SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴冪函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在SKIPIF1<0上單調(diào)遞增,∴SKIPIF1<0,∴SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0,故選:B.【點(diǎn)睛】本題主要考查指數(shù)式與對(duì)數(shù)式的互化,考查根據(jù)冪函數(shù)的單調(diào)性比較大小,屬于中檔題.11.(·福建高三月考)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的定義域?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,其導(dǎo)函數(shù)為SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0為偶函數(shù),則()A.SKIPIF1<0B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】A【解析】【分析】根據(jù)SKIPIF1<0以及SKIPIF1<0為偶函數(shù)判斷出函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0的單調(diào)性和對(duì)稱性,由此判斷出SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0的大小關(guān)系.【詳解】由于SKIPIF1<0為偶函數(shù),所以函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0關(guān)于SKIPIF1<0對(duì)稱.由于SKIPIF1<0,所以當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí)SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0遞減,當(dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0遞增.所以SKIPIF1<0.故選:A【點(diǎn)睛】本小題主要考查利用導(dǎo)數(shù)研究函數(shù)的單調(diào)性,考查函數(shù)的奇偶性,考查函數(shù)的圖像變換,考查函數(shù)的對(duì)稱性,屬于中檔題.12.(·福建高三月考)已知SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則()A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】A【解析】【分析】根據(jù)SKIPIF1<0,得SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,再比較.【詳解】因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,又因?yàn)镾KIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0.故選:A【點(diǎn)睛】本題主要考查對(duì)數(shù)的換底公式和對(duì)數(shù)比較大小,還考查了運(yùn)算求解的能力,屬于中檔題.13.(·江西省南城一中高三期末)若SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,則SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0的大小關(guān)系為()A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】D【解析】【分析】利用指數(shù)函數(shù)與對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)比較SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0、SKIPIF1<0三個(gè)數(shù)與SKIPIF1<0和SKIPIF1<0的大小關(guān)系,進(jìn)而可得出這三個(gè)數(shù)的大小關(guān)系.【詳解】指數(shù)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0為SKIPIF1<0上的減函數(shù),則SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0;對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0為SKIPIF1<0上的增函數(shù),SKIPIF1<0,SKIPIF1<0,所以,SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0;對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0為SKIPIF1<0上的增函數(shù),則SKIPIF1<0.因此,SKIPIF1<0.故選:D.【點(diǎn)睛】本題考查指數(shù)式和對(duì)數(shù)式的大小比較,一般利用指數(shù)函數(shù)、對(duì)數(shù)函數(shù)的單調(diào)性結(jié)合中間值法來(lái)得出各數(shù)的大小關(guān)系,考查推理能力,屬于基礎(chǔ)題.14.(·山西高三月考)若SKIPIF1<0,則()A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0 C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】A【解析】【分析】由基本不等式得出SKIPIF1<0,再根據(jù)函數(shù)的單調(diào)性即可比較大?。驹斀狻慨?dāng)SKIPIF1<0時(shí),SKIPIF1<0,且SKIPIF1<0是定義域SKIPIF1<0上的單調(diào)增函數(shù),SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0;又SKIPIF1<0,所以SKIPIF1<0,即SKIPIF1<0;所以SKIPIF1<0.故選:SKIPIF1<0.【點(diǎn)睛】本題主要考查了根據(jù)基本不等式和函數(shù)的單調(diào)性比較大小的問(wèn)題,意在考查學(xué)生對(duì)這些知識(shí)的理解掌握水平.15.(·廣西師大附屬外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校高三)已知函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0是偶函數(shù),且函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0在區(qū)間SKIPIF1<0上是增函數(shù),則下列大小關(guān)系中正確的是()A.SKIPIF1<0 B.SKIPIF1<0C.SKIPIF1<0 D.SKIPIF1<0【答案】D【解析】【分析】根據(jù)函數(shù)SKIPIF1<0是偶函數(shù),關(guān)于x=0對(duì)稱,則SKIPIF1<0的圖象關(guān)于直線x=1對(duì)稱,結(jié)合單調(diào)性比較大小.【詳解】函數(shù)SKIPIF1<

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