U校園 綜合英語1選詞填空練習(xí)附答案

小嘻學(xué)長資料分享選詞填空（15選10）Botany,thestudyofplants,hasahighlyvaluedpositioninthehistoryofhumanknowledge.Fromwhatwehave1)observedofpreindustrial(工業(yè)化以前的)societies,adetailedstudyofplantsmusthavebeenprettyancient.Plantsarethe2)basisoffoodforalllivingthings,evenforsomeotherplants.Theyhavealwaysbeen3)enormouslyimportanttohumanbeings,notonlyforfood,butalsoforclothing,weapons,tools,medicines,shelter,andmanyother4)purposes.PeoplewholivedinthejungleoftheAmazoncanrecognizeawide5)rangeofplantsandknowtheirproperties.Tothem,botanyhasnonameandisprobablynotevenrecognizedasaspecialbranchof“knowledge”atall.However,6)unfortunately,themoreindustrializedwebecome,thefartherawaywemovefromdirectcontactwithplants.Nownotmanypeoplehaveareasonable7)amountofbotanicalknowledge.About10,000yearsago,whenourancestors8)discoveredthatcertaingrassescouldbeharvestedandtheirseedscouldbeplantedthenextseason,the9)bondbetweenplantsandhumanswasformed.Asaresultcropswere10)cultivated.Fromthenon,humansliveontheproductionofplants.A)uncovered B)discovered C)cultivated D)exploredE)observed F)range G)chain H)bondI)amount J)number K)resources L)basisM)purposes N)enormously O)unfortunately 參考答案：1)observed2)basis3)enormously4)purposes5)range6)unfortunately7)amount8)discovered9)bond10)cultivatedSomepeopleargueloudlythatputtingthebrightandthenot-so-brightchildreninthesameclasscanhaveabadeffectontheirdevelopment.Accordingtothem,itcanalsobequite1)discouragingforthoseatthebottomoftheclass,butwethink2)otherwise.Webelieveitisdefinitelyunfairto3)classifyourchildrenjustaccordingtotheir4)intellectualabilities.Therearequitealotof5)disadvantagesindoingso.Besides,itisagainstoureducationalpurposestodeveloptheabilitiesofallourchildrentothefull.However,inamixed-abilityclass,therearevariouswaystohelpallchildrendevelop.Childrenoftenworkingroups,whichgivesthemthe6)opportunitytolearntoshare,toworktogether,andtodevelopleadershipskills.Theyalsolearnhowtomake7)decisions,tosolvepersonalrelationshipproblemsaswellashowtothinkandtocommunicate8)effectively.Ourchildrenlearntodotheirbestandwecangivethemextraencouragementto9)attainthegoal.Therefore,boththeirpersonalexperiencesandsocialskillsare10)enrichedsincetheycanlearnfromtheteacheraswellasfromeachotherinamixed-abilityclass.A)injuries B)disadvantages C)opportunity D)decisionsE)projects F)enriched G)classify H)intellectualI)acquire J)attain K)discouraging L)frighteningM)opposite N)otherwise O)effectively 參考答案：1)discouraging2)otherwise3)classify4)intellectual5)disadvantages6)opportunity7)decisions8)effectively9)attain10)enrichedMeltingseaiceandtheearlier-than-normalmovementofwalruses(海象)havemadescientistsworried.Researchers1)anticipatethatthisyearmightbringanothermassmigrationofanimalstoshore.Walruses2)liveonshellfish(貝類動物)andotheranimalstheyfindbydivingtotheseafloor.Normally,thewalruses,3)particularlyfemaleswithbabywalruses,restonthefloatingseaiceduringthesummer.However,becauseoftheglobalwarmingseaicemeltsawayand4)vanishesovertherelativelyshallowerwaterswherethewalrusescanfeed.The5)remainingicestaysonlyoverwaterthatissodeepthatthewalrusescannotdivedowntothebottomforfood.Whenthishappens,theanimals6)streambackontothelandnearshallowerwater.Inrecentyears,researchershavefoundunusual7)surgesofmassmigrationhavehappenedatan8)incrediblelevel,withwalrusesgatheringina(n)9)immensenumberofmorethan40,000.Thiscan10)strainthelocalecosystem(生態(tài)系統(tǒng))astheanimalsfeedinalimitedspace,andmany,generallythelittlewalruses,getkilledbecauseitistoocrowded.Arecentstudyprovedthatthelossofseaicewasforcingmoreanimalstoswimlongerdistance,bringingdangertothelifeoftheirlittleones.A)flow B)anticipate C)live D)vanishesE)rushes F)immense G)incredible H)particularlyI)stream J)await K)strain L)finishesM)surges N)remaining O)believable 參考答案：1)anticipate2)live3)particularly4)vanishes5)remaining6)stream7)surges8)incredible9)immense10)strainIfyoufeelashortageofenergy,joinourHealthClub.Fatigueiscommonforpeopleto1)complainoftotheirdoctors.Insuchcases,youshouldtakealookatthecausesforyourtirednessandlearnhowyoucangetridofit.Firstly,ifyouhavetoworkhard24hoursaday,sevendaysaweekwithhigh2)efficiency,youwillfeeltiredandbored.The24/7pushtobeproductivecanwearyououtbothphysicallyand3)emotionally.Yourbrainneedsabreak.Youcanhavemini-breaksthatwillcheeryouupandmakeyourroutinealittlelessroutine.Secondly,ifyousitstaringatascreenforlongperiodsoftimeyoutendtoblink(眨眼)lessfrequentlyand4)strainyoureyes.Youreyesneedabreak.Standuponceinawhileto5)stretchyourlegsandarms.Frequentbreakswithlong6)stridestoyournearbyparkswillkeepyourbodyactiveandreduceeyestrain.Finally,gainingaslittleasfivepoundsofweightcancause7)fatigue.Extraweightalsoputsextraburdenonyourheart,whichmakesyoutired.Youcan8)dumpthehabitofeatingjunkfoodand9)reverseyourselftothebasicsofhealthyeating.Trytoeatsmaller10)portionsoffood.Witheachpoundofweightyoulose,you’llfeelariseinenergy.A)reverse B)strip C)strain D)emptyE)portions F)fatigue G)rides H)emotionallyI)reserve J)stretch K)dump L)complainM)collections N)efficiency O)strides 參考答案：1)complain2)efficiency3)emotionally4)strain5)stretch6)strides7)fatigue8)dump9)reverse10)portionsScienceisacomplexsocialactivity.Scientificactivityisoneofthemainfeaturesofthemodernworldand,perhapsmorethananyother,makesourtimes1)distinctfromearliercenturies.Scientificresearch2)involvesdifferentpeopledoingdifferentkindsofwork.Menandwomenofallnationalbackgrounds3)participateinscienceanditsapplications.Thesepeoplemayfocusontheireffortson4)commitmenttoscientificknowledgeeitherfortheoreticaldevelopmentorforaparticularpracticalpurpose.Asasocialactivity,science5)reflectssocialvaluesandviewpoints.Forexample,beforethe20thcentury,womenandpeopleofcolorwerenotallowedinmostofsciencebylimitingtheireducationandemployment6)opportunities.The7)remarkablefewwhoovercame(克服)thosedifficultieswereunlikelytoreceive8)duerespectinthefieldofscience.Meanwhile,thedirectionofscientificresearchisaffectedbyinfluenceswithinthecultureofscienceitself,suchastheopiniononwhatquestionsaremostinterestingorwhatmethodsaremostlikelyto9)yieldgoodresults.Scientistspresenttheirfindingsandtheoriesatmeetingsorinscientificmagazines.This10)enablesscientiststoinformothersabouttheirwork,toexposetheirideastocriticismbyotherscientists,andtokeepupdatedwithscientificdevelopmentsaroundtheworld.A)participate B)return C)enables D)involvesE)due F)applicable G)opportunities H)commitmentI)yield J)reflects K)enrich L)evolveM)remarkable N)distinct O)assignment 參考答案：1)distinct2)involves3)participate4)commitment5)reflects6)opportunities7)remarkable8)due9)yield10)enablesNormallyweinstinctivelyenterastateofdisagreementwheneverwecomeacrossundesirablethings,andtheunpleasantfeelingofdisagreementisoften1)overwhelming.Thisisourreaction(反應(yīng)).Whynottrynon-reactionto2)shieldusfromit?Forinstance,nexttimeyoufeeltoohot,insteadoffanningyourselforturningontheair-conditioner,seeifyoucanjustsitandarousethefeelingofbeingwarminapositivewayforafewminutes.Withabitofpractice,youcanputupwithoreven3)ignorealmostanythingdisagreeabletoyouthatyoumightrunintophysically.Onceyou’reusedtothenon-reactionmethodwithphysicalfeelings,thenyoucan4)applythesametechniquetolessconcretethings:emotionsorsituations.Insteadofbringinganyreactionagainstthem,youcantakeandacceptitwith5)graceandcool-headedness.Then,youwillbefreefromthe6)awfulemotionalstrainofneedingtoescape.Whenwehavelearnedto7)embraceundesirablefeelingsasifwehadchosenthem,the8)negativecircumstanceswilllosetheireffectoverus.Soremember,lifebecomesmuchmore9)agreeablewhenyoustopdisagreeingwithit.Keepdoingthisandyou’llrecognizetheincredible10)potentialinnon-reactionandfeelcomfortablewithit.A)apply B)embrace C)cover D)accessibleE)overwhelming F)negative G)capacity H)potentialI)adopt J)shield K)ignore L)agreeableM)opposing N)awful O)grace 參考答案：1)overwhelming2)shield3)ignore4)apply5)grace6)awful7)embrace8)negative9)agreeable10)potentialAvarietyofconditionscanaffectthesuccessorfailureofnegotiations(談判).Thefollowingconditionsmakesuccessinnegotiationsmorelikely.First,bothpartiesmustbewillingtoparticipate.Ifonepartyisunwillingforthenegotiation,the1)potentialforreachinganyagreementwillcertainly2)decrease.Second,peoplemustgetreadytodiscuss.Whenthereisnotenoughinformation3)available,oranegotiationstrategyunprepared,peoplemaybe4)reluctanttobeginthediscussion.Third,bothpartiesmusthaveenoughinterestsincommonto5)committhemselvestoashareddecision-makingdiscussion.Forpeopletosettledisagreement,theymusthavesomemeansto6)influencetheattitudesandbehaviorfromtheotherparty.To7)effectachange,theymayprovideneededinformationandseektheadviceofexpertsforhelp.Finally,participantsmusthavethe8)authoritytomakeadecision.Ifnot,negotiationswillbelimitedtoaninformationexchangebetweentheparties.9)Furthermore,bothpartiesmusthaveawillingnessto10)compromise.Inotherwords,sometimes,toreachasatisfactoryconclusion,itisnecessaryforthepartiespreparedtohavelessthan100percentofneedsorinterestssatisfied.A)effect B)affect C)commit D)decreaseE)decline F)influence G)compromise H)concedeI)available J)applicable K)reluctant L)furthermoreM)necessity N)authority O)potential 參考答案：1)potential2)decrease3)available4)reluctant5)commit6)influence7)effect8)authority9)Furthermore10)compromiseStresssetsoffanalarminthebrainandthenervoussystemisarousedtosharpenthesenses,quickenthepulse,deepenbreathingandtensethemuscles.Infrequentperiodsofstressposelittlerisk.Butwhenstressfulsituationscontinuewithoutbeing1)resolved,thebodyiskeptinaconstantlyactivestate,whichincreasestheharmtobiologicalsystems.Finally,thebodybecomes2)exhaustedanditsabilitytorepairanddefenditselfcanbeseriously3)compromised.Asthebody’sself-defensepower4)erodesaway,theriskofinjuryordiseaseincreases.Inthepast20years,manystudieshave5)indicatedtherelationshipbetweenjobstressandavarietyofillnesses.Moodandsleep6)disturbances,upsetstomach,andheadacheareexamplesofstress-relatedproblemsthatarequicktodevelopandarecommonlyseeninthesestudies.Theseearly7)indicationsofjobstressareusuallyeasytorecognize.Buttheeffectsofjobstressonchronic(慢性的)diseasesaremoredifficultto8)identifybecausechronicdiseasestakealongtimetodevelopandcanbeinfluencedbymanyfactorsotherthanstress.Nevertheless,9)evidenceisrapidlyincreasingtosuggestthatstressplaysa(n)10)significantroleinseveraltypesofchronichealthproblems–especiallycardiovascular(心血管的)disease,andpsychologicaldisorders.A)indications B)expressions C)disturbances D)evidenceE)conflicted F)compromised G)resolved H)ensuredI)indicated J)erodes K)identify L)justifyM)involved N)exhausted O)significant 參考答案：1)resolved2)exhausted3)compromised4)erodes5)indicated6)disturbances7)indications8)identify9)evidence10)significantComputerusebycollegestudentsisstronglyencouraged,andisrequiredinsomecourses.SomecoursesarenowInternet-dependent;thatis,theInternethasbecomea(n)1)indispensablepartofthecourse,fromsyllabuses(教學(xué)大綱)tohomework.So,theuseoftheInternetoncollegecampusesis2)growingrapidly.Therearesomany3)positiveaspectsofusingthistechnology,forexample,helpingstudentsfeelmorecomfortablewiththeirreadingandlearning.AlthoughtheInternetisanexcellenttoolfor4)gatheringinformationandcommunicatingwithpeople,ithas5)disadvantagesandputsthosewhomakeitthecenteroftheirlivesat6)risk.Thiscanbebadforthosewhoareunableto7)balancetheiractivitiesontheInternetwithotherpartsoftheirlives.Collegestudentsareparticularlyeasytobeinfluencedina(n)8)negativewaybytheInternet.Studentshavetheirownpsychologicalanddevelopmentalfeatures(特點)andtheyhavespecialexpectationsoftheInternet,whichmayaccountfortheir9)addictiontotheInternet.Itonlytakesafewclickstomoveawayfromtheir10)assignmentstocomputergamesorchattingwithfriends.Researchinthisareahasjuststarted,butmoreisneededtounderstandthisproblemfullyandtofindthemosteffectivetreatments.A)protective B)positive C)disadvantages D)arrangementsE)addiction F)risk G)advancing H)gatheringI)negative J)effective K)indispensable L)assignmentsM)addition N)balance O)growing 參考答案：1)indispensable2)growing3)positive4)gathering5)disadvantages6)risk7)balance8)negative9)addiction10)assignmentsTheInternethaschangedthewayofdoingthings.Ithasastronger1)impactthanotherelectronicmediaonpeopleandisthemodernengineofprogress;itpresentsafresh2)approachtoonlineeducation.PersonalcomputersandtheInternetarerapidly3)transformingtheworldintotheInformationAge.Already,theInternetismakinglargeamountsofinformation4)availabletopeopleatrapidspeed.Teachersandstudentsatcollegewillhavevirtuallyimmediate5)accesstovastamountsofeducationalinformationandawiderangeoflearningtools.Thenewtechnologyprovidesstudentswithskillsthatare6)essentialtosuccessinmodernsociety.Computertechnologiesinschoolwill7)enablestudentstobecomefamiliarwiththenecessarytoolsatanearlyage.Byusingthetechnologywell,theywillalso8)acquirebetterlearningskillsandbecomeinformedcitizensandactivecommunitymembers.TheInternetisa(n)9)amazinginformationresourceandapowerfulcommunicationtool.Itwilltakethe10)focusofeducationfromtheuniversitytothestudent.TheInternethascometobefriend,livewithandbeyondboththeteacherandthestudent.A)potential B)access C)focus D)impressionE)qualify F)enable G)accountable H)transformingI)essential J)target K)approach L)impactM)acquire N)available O)amazing 參考答案：1)impact2)approach3)transforming4)available5)access6)essential7)enable8)acquire9)amazing10)focusLivinginafamilyisnevereasy.Choosingbetweenself-interestandcaringforthefamilylifeisoneofthemost1)fundamentalproblemsfacingallofus.To2)overcometheproblems,modernsocietiesingeneralandAmericansocietyin3)particular,havetriedtogivewomenandmendifferentmoralresponsibilities.Sincetheriseofindustrialization(工業(yè)化),womenhavebeenexpectedto4)seekpersonaldevelopmentinadditiontocaringforthefamily.Inthe21stCentury,changesinfamilylifehave5)weakenedthetraditionalfamilyresponsibilitiesbetweenmenandwomen,butthechangesarestillongoing.Womenandmentodayarestillfacingproblemsoverhowto6)balancebetween“independentself”andobligationtothefamily.Womenaswivesormothersmustnowobtaineconomicindependenceeventhoughtheycontinueto7)beartheresponsibilityforthefamily.Menashusbandsorfathersarenolongertheonlyonestosupportthefamilyasbefore,buttheyfacenew8)pressurestobecomemoreinvolvedfathersandpartners.Theyoungwomenandmenhaveto9)adapttothischangingsocialenvironment.Nevertheless,theyalsohaveabrilliantchancetodevelopnew10)strategiestoreshapefamilylife.A)adopt B)adapt C)bear D)seekE)weigh F)balance G)overcome H)overwhelmI)weakened J)strategies K)systems L)pressuresM)fundamental N)introductory O)particular 參考答案：1)fundamental2)overcome3)particular4)seek5)weakened6)balance7)bear8)pressures9)adapt10)strategiesWhatisaltruism(利他主義，無私行為)?Altruismis1)definedas“puttingtheneedsofallothersaheadofoneself.”Basically,itmeansbeing2)extremelygenerous.Thetermwascreatedinthe19thCenturybysociologistAugusteComte,whobelievedthatindividualshadamoral3)obligationtoservetheinterestofothers.Thetermnowhasbecomeanimportanttopicinthefieldofpsychologyandit4)emphasizesbeingunselfish(無私的).Altruismisalsotheideaofcaringaboutthe5)welfareofothers.Itisavirtueinmanyculturesalthoughthe6)conceptof“others”towardwhomsuchcareshouldbegivencanbedifferentfromculturetoculture.Forhumans,altruismisthedesiretoprovidesomethingof7)valuetoapersonwhocouldbeanyonebuttheself.Butsomethingthat8)benefitsotherpeopleisnotnecessarilyaltruistic.Forexample,ifonehelpsoutanotherpersonwiththeintentionto9)improveone’sownreputation(聲望),thisactionwouldnotbe10)regardedasaltruistic,butratherasanexpressionofself-interest.Inshort,altruismmeanshelpingotherswithoutanypersonalreasonsorpurposes.A)concept B)image C)value D)obligationE)challenge F)welfare G)extremely H)infrequentlyI)defined J)described K)regarded L)emphasizesM)comforts N)benefits O)improve 參考答案：1)defined2)extremely3)obligation4)emphasizes5)welfare6)concept7)value8)benefits9)improve10)regardedInsomesocietyitisthecustomforparentstoarrangemarriagesfortheirchildren.Theparentsofayoungmanwill1)inquireabouttheirson’sgirlfriend.Theywillevenmeetwiththeparentsofthegirl,andifbothfamiliesarepleasedwitheachother,amarriage2)agreementwillbemade.Itdoesn’t3)exaggeratetosaythatsometimesthetwoyoungpeoplemeetforthefirsttimeattheirwedding.MostAmericansdon’t4)applaudtheideaofarrangedmarriages.However,Americanparentsalsoputsome5)pressureontheirchildrentoinfluencetheirchoicesofmarriage.Sinceparentsoftenhelptheirchildren6)financially,theyfeelthattheyhavetherighttohelptheyoungcoupletoselectwheretheywilllive,orwhatkindoffurnituretheywill7)purchase.InmanycasesintheUS,socialclasswill8)determinethechoiceofmarriagepartner.Marriagesareusuallyarrangedbetweenpeopleof9)similarreligious,educationalandfinancialbackgrounds.Despitewhatweseeinthemovies,inreallife,thesonofabankpresident10)rarelymarriesorevenmeetsacoalminer’s(礦工)daughter.Americansmaynotunderstandarrangedmarriages,butmarriagesintheUnitedStatesarearrangedtosomedegree.A)usually B)financially C)commitment D)similarE)purchase F)chase G)frustrate H)inquireI)rarely J)pressure K)agreement L)sameM)applaud N)exaggerate O)determine 參考答案：1)inquire2)agreement3)exaggerate4)applaud5)pressure6)financially7)purchase8)determine9)similar10)rarelyFormanycenturiestherewasnosafetysystemagainstpovertyandillness.TheIndustrialAgesaw1)extensivepovertyamongstarapidlyexpandingurbanpopulation.In1941,WilliamBeveridge,oneofBritain’s2)leadingeconomistsandsocialreformers,wasaskedtolookattheproblemsofbuildingapost-warBritain.Hisreport,knownasthe“BeveridgeReport”,waspublishedin1942,anditwasbasedontwosimple3)elements:universality(普遍性)andcomprehensiveness.Inotherwords,theplanwouldbeappliedtoeverybodybecauseBeveridgewantedto4)ensurethatpeoplehadthebasicrightsinlife.Thereportcoveredtheproblemsthatwere5)threateningthesociety,forexample,educationanddisease.Churchill’sgovernmenttooktheopportunitytodealwitheducationfirsttoreducethenumberof6)ignorantpeople.The1944EducationAct(法案)7)raisedtheschool-leavingageto16yearsold,andalsohelpedmakeuniversity8)entranceeasiertonewstudents.Thesecondact,the1948NationalAssistanceAct,9)introducedanationalhealthservicefreetoall.Finally,the1948ChildrenActlookednotonlytochildprotectionbutdevelopmentofeachchild’s10)characterandabilities.Astheproposalsinthe“BeveridgeReport”werecarriedoutbythegovernment,thebasisofthemodernwelfarestatewasbeingbuilt.A)threatening B)ignorant C)excessive D)ensureE)revealed F)introduced G)elements H)entranceI)leading J)innocent K)extensive L)insureM)raised N)character O)sections 參考答案：1)extensive2)leading3)elements4)ensure5)threatening6)ignorant7)raised8)entrance9)introduced10)characterWhatismeditation(冥想)?MeditationcanbetracedtothetimewhentheBuddha(佛),monks(僧侶)1)retreatedintoforestsandmountainstothinkquietlyaboutthetruthoftheBuddha’sTeaching.Meditationseemsnotonlytohelpmonksin2)worshipingtheBuddha,butcanalsobenefitordinarypeople.Meditationisaskill–askillofconscious,continuousattention.Youalreadyhavepartofthisskill–whatkeepsyoustressedisyourabilitytopay3)sustainedattentiontowha