廣東省部分名校2021-2022學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題

高二英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHerearesomeparksinwhichtherearefunfamily-friendlyactivities.Youcanmakethemgreatdestinationsforholidaysandsummerbreaks.CapeHatterasNationalSeashore,NCTheCapeHatterasNationalSeashoreisanamazingdestinationforrecreatingandrelaxing.Theseashorehasmanybeautifulbeachesforthewholefamilytoexploreandenjoy.Kidscanspendvacationtimesearchingforshellsandbirding.Glacier（冰川）NationalPark,MTTheparkoffersvisitorstheopportunitytoexploretheamazingwildernessofMontana,throughbiking,campingandhiking.Thebesttimetovisititistheearlysummer.Childrenwilllovealloftheopenareastoexplore,andcanenjoylearningaboutwildlife.GrandCanyonNationalPark,AZTheparkisatruemust-seedestination.Theenormouscanyon（峽谷）atitswidestis18mileswideandatitsdeepestisamiledeep.DuringthesummermonthsboththeSouthandNorthRimareopen.Thewholefamilycanenjoyhikingandscenicdrives.Besides,Muletripscaninterestyourkidsmost.GrandTetonNationalPark,WYGrandTetonNationalParkisanamazinglocationtoenjoytheundevelopedlandscapeandwildlifeofWyoming.Theparkisopenyearroundandoffersawiderangeofrecreationalactivitiesforthewholefamilyaswellassummerclassesforchildren.Visitorscanhike,bike,camp,fishandboat.Duringwintervisitorscanenjoyskiing.1.WhatcanchildrendoatGlacierNationalPark,MT?A.Learnaboutwildlife. B.Swim.CFish. D.Searchforshells.2.Inwhichplacecanchildrenattendsummerclasses?A.CapeHatterasNationalSeashore,NC.B.GrandCanyonNationalPark,AZ.C.GrandTetonNationalPark,WY.D.GlacierNationalPark,MT.3.Whatdothefourdestinationshaveincommon?A.Thereareglaciersinthem.B.Visitorscanskiinthemduringwinter.C.Theyarelocatedinthewidecanyon.D.Theyaresuitableforchildren.BWheneveranewpersonwalksthroughthegatesoftheScienceofSpiritualityMeditation(冥想)andEcologyCentreinRichmond,oneoftenhearsthewords,“Ineverknewsuchaplaceexisted.It’ssopeacefulandthegardensaresobeautiful.”In2005,thiscentrewasanoldschool,withahistorygoingbackto1904.Rabbitshaddamagedthefoundations(地基)andratsranalonglitteredhallways.ThetrafficroaringalongStevestonHighwaywashardlybeneficialtomeditation,andfreshair!Neitherdidwehavesufficientfundsatthetimetocarryoutapurchase.Buttherewashope,wildhope!Wehadavision.Wecouldmakeitareality.OurgroupwasinspiredtotakethisstepunderthelovingguidanceofSantRajinderSinghJiMaharaj,alivingMasterinanancientfamilyofspiritualexperts.Despitethesmallsizeofourlocalcharity,wetookchancestopurchasethisplacethatspoketousatsomeverydeeplevel.Generousdonationsandeffortflowedinfrommembersatexactlytherighttime.Thus,wecouldbeginthephysicaloriginsoftheSOSMeditationandEcologyCentre.Andtocreateittookagreatdealofsweatefforts.Gardensweredugandplantedbyvolunteers.Brothersandsistersworkedtogether.Overthefollowingyears,beautifulgardenswereestablishedandeveryinchoftheoldbuildingandrooftookonanewlook.Fromawishfuldreamandalovinghandful,thisspecialplace,withitsgreengardens,becameareality.TheCentrehasbecomeasignoflightandloveinamaterialisticsociety,whereseekersfindpeace,joy,helpinmeditation,friendshipandanopportunitytogrowspiritually.4.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph2?A.Thefoundersintendedtogiveupthecenteratthebeginning.B.Thefoundershadsufficientfundstocarryouttheproject.C.Thecentrewasnotoriginallysuitedformeditation.D.Thecentrewasaschoolwithgoodenvironment.5.Howwasthecentrefounded?A.Withthehelpoftheoldschool.B.Withthecontributionsofgenerouspeople.C.Withthefundsdonatedbyaspiritualexpert.D.Withthelocalgovernment’sfinancialsupport.6.Whichwordcanbestdescribethemembers?A.Rude. B.Distant. C.Conventional. D.Selfless.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeofwritingthetext?A.Tointroduceanoldschooltoreaders.B.Totellthestoryabouttheconstructionofthecentre.C.Tocallforpeopletomeditate.D.Toexplaintheinfluenceofmeditationonaveragepeople.CAsashort-distancetrackandfieldrunnerathighschoolandcollege,Ioftenfoundmyselfwonderingwhichoftheeightorsometimesninelanes(跑道)onthetrackwasthefastest.Itwasconventionalwisdomthatthemiddlelanes—lanesthreethroughsix—werethebest.Thisidea,inaway,isbakedintotherulesoftrackandfield.Ineventswithmultipleheats—fromthecollegelevelallthewaytotheOlympics—thepeoplewhorunfastertimesinearlierheatsareassignedtomiddlelanesinlaterheats.Inotherwords,thefastestrunnersarerewardedwithwhatare,supposedly,betterlaneassignment(分配).Using20yearsoftrackandfielddatafromtheInternationalAssociationofAthleticsFederations,Ifoundthatthelong-heldbeliefsaboutlaneadvantagesarenotsupportedbythedata.Andinfact,forthe200-metersprint(沖刺),theevidencesuggeststhatlanesoftenregardedastheleastdesirableareactuallythefastest.Inmostracesthefastestrunnersareassignedtothemiddlelanesaccordingtothecompetitionrules.Notsurprisingly,thefastestrunners—whoareinthemiddlelanes—oftenwin.Aretheseracerswinningbecausethoselanesarethefastestorbecausethoserunnerstendtobethefastest?Nexttimeyou'rewatchinganyoftheshortertrackandfieldeventsintheOlympics,listenandseeifanyonerepeatstheoldadagethatthemiddlelanesarethefastest.Thedatashowsthisisn'ttrue,soifsomeoneintheoutsidelanestakesasurprisegold,you'llknowitisnotbecauseoftheirlaneassignment,butbecausetheywereaslowqualifier(入圍者).8.Whatwasthetraditionalbeliefinthetrackandfieldlanes?A.Alllaneswerethesame.B.Theinnerlaneswerethebest.C.Themiddlelaneswerethebest.D.Theoutsidelaneswerethebest.9.Howdidtheauthorgethisfinding?A.Byreferringtolongtermdata.B.Byusingotherresearchresults.C.Bywatchingthelatestsprinters'competition.D.Byexperimentingwhichlanewasthefastest.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“adage”probablymeaninparagraph5?A.Saying. B.Style.C.Package. D.Stage.11.Whichofthefollowingdoestheauthorapproveof?A.Losingracerstendtobeintheslowestlane.B.Winningracerstendtobeinthefastestlane.C.Winningracersoftenrunfastest.D.Racerswinbecausetheirlanesarethefastest.DOffthecoastofFormentera,anisland,livesseagrassthatstretches15kilometres.Theseagrass,coveringseveralhectares,ismadeupofasingleorganism.Thegrassesarealsolong-lived,fortensorhundredsofthousandsofyears.Alongwithtwootherkindsofcoastalecosystems—mangroveswamps（紅樹(shù)沼澤）andtidalmarshes,seagrassmeadowsareparticularlygoodattakingcarbondioxidefromtheair.Thisrolewashighlightedinareport,whichwaspublishedonMarch2ndbyUNESCO,onbluecarbon—thecarbontakeninbyEarth'soceanicandcoastalecosystems.Intotalaround33billiontonsofcarbondioxide,aboutthree-quartersoftheworld'semissions（排放）in2019,arelockedawayintheplanet'sbluecarbonsinks（碳匯）.ResearchbyCarlosDuarte,thereport'sauthorandamarineecologist,hasshownthatonehectareofseagrasscansuckasmuchcarbondioxideeachyearas15hectaresofrainforest.Onereasonthatblue—carbonecosystemsmakesucheffectivesinksisthatunderwaterforestsarethickerthantheland-basedwoods.Theycanalsotrapfloatingpiecesandorganicmatter,whichsettlesontheseafloorandcandoubletheamountofcarbonstoredaway.Theyhaveanotheradvantage,too.Climatechangeisleadingtomorewildfiresaroundtheworld.Asforestsburn,theircarbonstocksarereleasedbackintotheatmosphere.Unlikeforestsonland,blue-carbonecosystemsdonotburn.Blue-carbonecosystemsmaynotbefired,buttheyremainaffectedtoothersortsofdisasters.InMay2020hurricaneAmphandestroyed1,200squarekilometresofmangroveforest.Amarine（海洋的）heatwaveinAustralianwatersin2010and2011damagedaroundonethirdoftheworld'slargestseagrassmeadowinSharkBay.“Mangroveforestscanweakenorcontrolwavesandprovidenaturalbarrierstostormsurges.Protectingandexpandingthem,then,appearstobeamust,”saidamarinebiologist.12.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Therealdefinitionofbluecarbon.B.Thespecialfeaturesoftheseagrass.C.Thedoubtabouttheblue-carbonecosystems.D.Thecapacityoftheblue-carbonecosystemstostorecarbon.13.Whycantheblue-carbonecosystemsmakesucheffectivesinks?A.Theyaren'tinfluencedbynaturaldisasters.B.Theyhavegreatabilitytoabsorbcarbon.C.Theircarbonstocksarereleasedback.D.Therearemoreunderwateranimals.14.Whatdothemarinebiologist'swordsmean?A.Mangroveforestsaretoostrongtobebroken.BMangroveforestscanstrengthenwaves.C.Humansshouldpreserveblue-carbonecosystems.D.Bluecarbonecosystemscanbefired.15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.PlantsintheOceanAreBetteratStoringCarbonB.TheGrassesCanStoreMoreCarbonThanYourExpectationC.MangroveForestsCanControlWavesEfficientlyD.Blue-CarbonEcosystemAreExpandingMuchFaster第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Overyearswithtechnologyandchangesinlifestyle,theconsumptionofprocessedfoodhasbecomeverypopular.Tomakecookingeffortless,quickanddelicious,processedfoodturnsouttobeanenormousbusinesstoday.____16____Sinceearlyages,peoplehavebeenpreservingfoodwithvariedtechniquessuchassaltpreservation,fermentation(發(fā)酵),drying,andsoon.Foodiseithermechanically(機(jī)械地)orchemicallyprocessedtoincreaseshelflifeandensureitisfreefromharmfulmicrocreatures.____17____What'smore,processedfoodisverypopularnowadaysbecauseofthetasteandflavorsitofferstoitsconsumers.Processedfoodusesartificialflavorspreservatives,addedcolors,andmanychemicals.Itoffersaheavycaloriedoseandlessnutrition,makingitanunhealthyoption.Besides,someprocessedfoodcontainstoomuchsugar,salt,andfats,whichareextremelyharmfultohealth.____18____Youneedtobeawareofwhatyouareeating.Thewayitimpactsyourhealthisessentialtoahealthywell-being.Somelifestylechangescanhelptogetawayfromhealthrisksandensureahealthierlifestyle.Replacinghighlyprocessedfoodwithmoreorganicandnaturalfoodoptionsisimportant.____19________20____Morestudiescanhelpinbringingupawarenessamongpeopleaboutitsharm.Limitingtheintakeofprocessedfoodandreplacingitwithhealthieroptionscanhelpovercomehealthrisksassociatedwithit.A.Itisverycommontoovereatprocessedfood.B.Suchachangecanhelpyouensureahealthylifestyle.C.Eatingsuchkindoffoodoftencancausehealthissues.D.Toomuchsugarintakeincreasestheriskofgettingoverweight.E.Processedfoodhasdevelopedrapidlybecauseofitsconvenience.F.However,animportantquestionisaboutthenutritionalvalueofit.G.Processedfoodislessnutritiousthannaturalandfreshlypreparedfood.第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Janellewouldbelateforwork.However,whatshe___21___inthemirrormadeherstop.Beingabusycollege___22___justoneyearremovingfromherteenageyears,shewasn'texactlyconcernedaboutthe___23___ofherclothes.Butherbossattherestaurantdidn'tthinkso.Hehadrecently___24___thestaffoftheimportanceofappearance,andhadspecificallymentionedtheneedfor___25___towearclean,unwrinkled(無(wú)褶皺的)blouses.Butifshestoppedto___26___theblousenormally,shewouldbelate.Herbossdidn't___27___anyonetobelateforwork.Soshecarefullyheldherblouseawayfromher___28___,andstartedtoironitwhileshewaswearingit.Itseemedlikealogicalsolutiontoa(n)___29___problem.ButwhenJanelletriedtoironthecollar,sheaccidentallyironedherneckbymistake.Thenitsuddenlyturnedintoareally_____30_____idea.Ittookhermoretimetotreatherburnthanitwouldhavetakentoironherblouse_____31_____.Andshespentashift_____32_____thepainoftheburn.Wehaveallbeenthere.Forme,itwascuttingmyhair.Forafriendofmine,itwastryingtochangetheoilinhiscarwhilethemotorwasstill_____33_____.Thereisarightwayandawrong_____34_____ofdoingthings.“Ifathingisworthdoing,”Dadsaid,“itisworthdoingitright.”Thereisareasonwhysomethingisdonein_____35_____ways.Thoseold,boringwayswork.21.A.panicked B.saw C.performed D.exchanged22.A.student B.teacher C.expert D.editor23.A.design B.brand C.neatness D.style24.A.lectured B.selected C.described D.launched25.A.architects B.consumers C.servers D.interviewees26.A.sew B.iron C.wash D.fold27.A.order B.tell C.invite D.allow28.A.case B.mind C.attention D.body29.A.official B.pressing C.relaxing D.dangerous30.A.efficient B.wise C.vital D.foolish31A.currently B.gradually C.correctly D.actively32.A.dealingwith B.goingover C.talkingabout D.figuringout33.A.burning B.running C.developing D.moving34.A.argument B.poster C.way D.threat35.A.confusing B.risky C.tough D.certain第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。DetectingstrongX-rayflares(耀斑)beamingfromthecenterofablackholeisnothingnew.Butdetectinglightsignalsfrombehindoneisadifferentstory.That’s___36___theforceofgravityinablackholeissoseverethatnothingthatgoesincancomeout.Noscientisthasmanaged___37___(find)lightfrombeyond—untilnow.Incontrast___38___whattheirnameimplies,supermassive(特大質(zhì)量的)blackholescanbeoneofthebrightestsourcesofcontinuouslightintheuniverse.Their___39___(extremely)gravitybringsinallkindsofmaterialaroundthem.Littleisknownaboutsupermassiveblackholecoronas,soscientiststurnedtoblackholeIZwicky1,___40___lies100millionlightyearsfromEarth,toinvestigatethebeamsshootingout.Scientists___41___(detect)smallerX-ray“echoes”aroundthesupermassiveblackhole,inadditiontotheexpectedflares.Theobviouslightcharacteristicsofthesepulsingbeams(脈沖光束)indicatedthattheywerethesameX-rayflares,butreflectedfromthebackside,___42___(mean)thesupermassiveblackhole’sgravitymusthaveactuallyabnormalspace-time,thusbendingthebeamsaroundinadetectabledirectionbyspecializedtelescopes.The___43___(finding),publishedinNature,supportakey___44___(predict)fromEinstein’stheoryofgeneralrelativity.Thisisthe___45___(one)researchtoconfirmwhatthefamousphysicistpredictedmorethanhalfacenturyago.第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)46.假定你是李華，你市新建了一個(gè)民族文化主題公園。請(qǐng)給你的好朋友Jack發(fā)一封郵件，邀請(qǐng)他一起去游玩，內(nèi)容包括：1.寫郵件的目的；2.簡(jiǎn)單介紹該公園；3.約定時(shí)間。提示詞：民族文化ethnicculture注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearJack,__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)(滿分25分)47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Policearelikelyusedtopeopleapproachingthemwithquestions.OnedayinMichigan,apoliceofficernamedSgt.Heatherwalkedtoamomandaskedheraquestionregardingherfamily’slivingsituation.ThewomannamedErinHarrisonandhertwindaughterswerehomeless,andshesimplyaskedthepoliceofficerifitwasillegaltosleepi