山西省朔州市下馬峪鄉(xiāng)中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三英語測(cè)試題含解析

山西省朔州市下馬峪鄉(xiāng)中學(xué)2022-2023學(xué)年高三英語測(cè)試題含解析一、選擇題1.Itisreallycoldandthegroundiswet;it

haverainedlastnight.A.might B.mustC.can D.should參考答案：B【詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞辨析。句意：天氣很冷而且地面是濕的，昨晚一定下了雨。根據(jù)上文thegroundiswet可知“昨晚下了雨”是肯定的，故用musthavedone“必定做了……”表示對(duì)過去十分有把握的推測(cè)，故選B?！军c(diǎn)睛】musthavedone用法辨析musthavedone：表示對(duì)過去的肯定的邏輯推測(cè),推定某件事情、動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)可能在過去發(fā)生過（存在過）。Hemusthavebeenadoctor,forheknowsmedicinesowell.（他過去肯定是一位醫(yī)生,他對(duì)醫(yī)學(xué)如此了解。）Somebodymusthavestolenthering.（肯定有人偷了這枚戒指.）[該句所推斷的偷竊動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過去.]Thetemperaturemusthavedroppedtobelowzerolastnight,becausethewaterisfrozenallover.（昨夜的溫度肯定降到零度以下,因?yàn)樗純鲎×?）如果'must+have+過去分詞'句型與bynow連用,還可以表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在完成的動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)的肯定推測(cè),但實(shí)質(zhì)上還是指所推測(cè)的過去的動(dòng)作,例如：Theystartedearlythismorning;theymusthavearrivedbynow.（他們今晨很早就出發(fā)了,現(xiàn)在肯定已經(jīng)到了.）中國(guó)學(xué)生的常見病句是：They…;theycertainlyhavearrived.病句的句義是“他們當(dāng)然已經(jīng)到達(dá)了.”（這不是對(duì)過去的肯定推測(cè),而是斷定動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成.）2.Tonyalwaysworksoutdevelopmentschemesfasterthanothers.Isit_______hegraduatedfromatopuniversity________counts?A.because,that

B.that,which

C.that;that

D.why,what參考答案：C【知識(shí)拓展】強(qiáng)調(diào)句型1.在英語中，我們常用Itis/was…who/that結(jié)構(gòu)來突出強(qiáng)調(diào)句子的某一成分(一般是句子中主語，賓語或狀語)。在這個(gè)句型中，it沒有詞匯意義，只是引出被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分。如果被強(qiáng)調(diào)的成分是表示人的詞，用who或that來連接都可以。如果是其它成分，則一律用that來連接。Itismymotherwho/thatcookseveryday.是我的媽媽每天做飯；ItwasyesterdaythatTompassedinthemathsexam.是昨天湯姆通過了數(shù)學(xué)考試。2.被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分是主語，who/that之后的謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該在人稱和數(shù)上與原句中的主語保持一致。ItisIwhoamright.Itishewhoiswrong.Itisthestudentswhoarelovely.3.即使被強(qiáng)調(diào)成分是句子中的時(shí)間狀語，地點(diǎn)狀語，原因狀語等，也不能用when，where,because，要用that.Itwasbecauseoftheheavyrainthathecamelate.是因?yàn)榇笥晁t到了。4.被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分既包括人又包括物，用that不用who。ltwasthethingsandpeoplethattheyrememberedthattheyweretalkingabout.5.區(qū)分定語從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句型某些定語從句和強(qiáng)調(diào)句型形式差不多，容易混淆。如果去掉itis/was...that句子仍然通順成立，則為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，不成立不通順，則為定語從句。ItwasthreeyearsagothathewenttoAmericanforafurtherstudy去掉Itwasthat句子為ThreeyearsagohewenttoAmericaforafurtherstudy.句子通順，意思完整，那么，這就是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。3.ThesurveyshowsthattheUSisstillafavoriteforstudyingabroad.A.opportunity B.destination C.challenge D.qualification參考答案：B考查名詞辨析。句意:調(diào)查表明,美國(guó)依舊是人們出國(guó)留學(xué)最喜歡的目的地。根據(jù)句意可知,此處應(yīng)填destination"目的地",故答案選B項(xiàng)。4.Manydifficulties______whenDaisyhelpedendangeredspeciesofwildlife.A.risen

B.arose

C.raised

D.rose參考答案：B5.Nowadays,thereisa

increaseinchildren’screativity,fortheyaregreatlyencouragedtodeveloptheirtalents.A．sharp

B．slightC．natural

D．modest參考答案：A【命題動(dòng)向】考查形容訶辨析。解析一：根據(jù)句中的greatlyencouraged可知孩子們的活動(dòng)有了急劇的增長(zhǎng)，故答案為A。本句的意思是：現(xiàn)在，孩子們的活動(dòng)急劇增多，因?yàn)樗麄儽淮蟠蟮毓膭?lì)開發(fā)他們的天賦。sharp意為“突然的；急劇的”；slight意為“輕微的”；natural意為“自然的”；modest意為“謙虛的；不太大的；不錯(cuò)的”。解析二：考查形容詞。根據(jù)“……他們被極大地鼓勵(lì)去發(fā)展他們的天賦”可以判斷孩子們的創(chuàng)造力應(yīng)該是“急劇地上升”，故選A“急劇的”；B為“輕微的”；C為“天然的，天生的”；D為“適中的”。6.—Tommyisplanningtobuyacar.—Iknow.Bynextmonth,he_____enoughforausedone.

A.saves

B.saved

C.willhavesaved

D.willsave參考答案：C7.Mostbirdsfinditsafetosleepinthetrees,but________theyhaveeggsoryoungchicks,theydon’tuseanest.

A.why

B.how

C.unless

D.where參考答案：C解析：

根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系,應(yīng)該選unless,“除非,如果不”

8.Aharmonioussocietyisveryimportant,soallthelawsmustbestrictly______.A.watched

B.observed

C.carried

D.handled參考答案：B略30.----Howmanyplayers_________abasketballteam?

----Five.

A.makeup

B.makeupof

C.consistof

D.aremadeupof參考答案：A略10.—Howdoyoulikethefootballmatch?—Wonderful,Ibelieve.Justasfineas________ofthematcheswe’veeverseen.A.oneB.anotherC.someD.any參考答案：D解析：“不亞于我們看過的任何一場(chǎng)比賽?！?1._____isnousepretendingthatyoudidn’tknowthetruth–yourfatherhasalreadybeentoldeverything.

A.It

B.That

C.Which

D.What參考答案：A12.Everyonewasontimeforthemeeting___Jack,who'susuallytenminuteslateforeverything.A.but

B.onlyC.even

D.yet參考答案：這題考查but的用法，這里but這里是介詞=except表示除了，句意是：除了經(jīng)常遲到10分鐘的Chris，大家都準(zhǔn)時(shí)出席會(huì)議。選A。13.—Ijustcan’tputthisnew1amptogetlaerproperly．

—_______________，dear．Followtheinstructionsstepbystep．

A．Takecare

B．Don’tbother．

C．That’sit

D．Bepatient參考答案：D14.

Dr.PeterSpence，_______headmasterofthehighschool,statedthat_______fifthofadolescentswouldgotostudyattop-fiveuniversitieslikeCambridgeandOxford.A.the,the

B./,a

C./,the

D.a,a參考答案：B15._____________theabilitytospeak,sohehadtocommunicatewithhisfriendsandfamilybyusingsignlanguage.

A.Ashelost

B.Helost

C.Havinglost

D.Hisbeinglost參考答案：B。因?yàn)橛眠B詞so,所以逗號(hào)前也應(yīng)該是完整的句子，即有主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。16.._______youmayhave,youshouldgatheryourcouragetofacethechallenge．A．Howeveraseriousproblem

B．WhataseriousproblemC．Howeverseriousaproblem

D．Whatseriousaproblem參考答案：C略二、完型填空17.閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Jamesshookhismoneyboxagain.Nothing!Hecarefully__36__thecoinsthatlayonthebed.$24.52wasallthathehad.Thebicyclehewantedwasatleast$90!__37__onearthwashegoingtogetthe__38__of

themoney?Heknewthathisfriendsallhadbicycles.Itwas__39__tohangaroundwithpeoplewhenyouweretheonlyonewithoutwheels.Hethoughtaboutwhathecoulddo.Therewasno__40__askinghisparents,forheknewtheyhadnomoneyto__41__.Therewasonlyonewaytogetmoney,andthatwasto__42__it.Hewouldhavetofindajob.__43__whowouldhirehimandwhatcouldhedo?HedecidedtoaskMr.Clayforadvice,whousuallyhad__44__onmostthings.

“Well,youcanstartrighthere,”saidMr.Clay.“Mywindowsneedcleaningandmycarneedswashing.”Thatwasthe__45__ofJames’sodd-job(零工)business.Forthreemonthsheworkedeverydayafterfinishinghishomework.Hewasamazedbythe__46__ofjobsthatpeoplefoundforhimtodo.Hetookdogsandbabiesforwalks,clearedoutcupboards,andmendedbooks.Helostcountofthe__47__ofcarshewashedandwindowshecleaned,butthe__48__increasedandheknewthathewouldsoonhave__49__forthebicyclehelongedfor.Theday__50__camewhenJamescountedhismoneyandfound$94.32.He__51__notimeandwentdowntotheshoptopickupthebicyclehewanted.Herode__52__home,lookingforwardtoshowinghisnewbicycletohisfriends.Ithadbeenhard__53__forthemoney,butJamesknewthathevaluedhisbicyclefarmore__54__hehadboughtitwithhisownmoney.Hehad__55__whathethoughtwasimpossible,andthatwasworthevenmorethanthebicycle.36.A.cleanedB.coveredC.counted

D.checked37.A.HowB.WhyC.WhoD.What38.A.amount

B.part

C.sumD.rest39.A.braveB.hard

C.smartD.unfair40.A.point

B.reasonC.resultD.right41.A.splitB.spend

C.spare

D.save42.A.borrow

B.earn

C.raiseD.collect43.A.Or

B.SoC.For

D.But44.A.decisionsB.experience

C.opinionsD.knowledge45.A.beginningB.introduction

C.requirement

D.opening46.A.similarityB.qualityC.suitabilityD.variety47.A.brandB.number

C.sizeD.type48.A.effortB.pressureC.money

D.trouble49.A.allB.enough

C.muchD.some50.A.finally

B.instantlyC.normallyD.regularly51.A.gaveB.left

C.took

D.wasted52.A.patientlyB.proudly

C.silently

D.tiredly53.A.applying

B.asking

C.lookingD.working54.A.since

B.if

C.thanD.though55.A.deserved

B.benefitedC.achieved

D.learned參考答案：36-40CADBA

41-45CBDCA

46-50DBCBA

51-55DBDAC三、閱讀理解18.

Howeverurbanlifestrikesyou,citiesworldwidehavebeengrowingevermorerapidly.Someofthisgrowthhasoccurredinthedevelopedworld,butthemostdramaticincreasehasbeenintheThirdWorld.Almostalltheworld’spopulationgrowthoverthenext30yearswilltakeplaceinthecitiesofdevelopingcountries

Bytheyear2030,forthefirsttimeinhistory,60percentoftheworld’speoplewillbelivingincities.

Thisisactuallygoodnewsinsomeways.“Citiesarethefundamentalbuildingblocksofprosperity,”saysMarcWeiss,chairmanofthePragueInstituteforGlobalUrbanDevelopment,“bothforthenationandforfamilies.”Industrialandcommercialactivitiesinurbanareasaccountforbetween50and80percentofthegrossdomesticproduct(GDP)inmostcountriesoftheworld.“There’sthecrazynotionthatthewaytodealwithacity’sproblemsistokeeppeopleoutofthem,”Weisscontinued.“Buttheproblemsoftherurallifeareevenmoreseriousthanthoseofthecity.”Forbetterorworse,urban-watchersareclearononepoint:Thequalityoflifeformostpeopleinthefuturewillbedeterminedbythequalityofcities.Thosecitieswillbebiggerthanever.Andyet,populationnumbersbythemselvesdon’tdetermineacity’sprospects;afterall,AddisAbaba,Ethiopia,andHamburg,Germany,havethesamepopulation.Norisexplosivegrowthnecessarilythedeterminingfactor.“Cityproblems,”oneauthoritypointsout,“mostlyhavetodowithweak,ineffective,andusuallyunrepresentativecitygovernments.”71.Thepassagemainlydiscusses______________.A.Bigcities.

B.Citylife.C.Population.

D.GrossDomesticProduct.72.Accordingtothepassage,intheyearof2030_______.A.therewillbe21citieshavingapopulationofmorethan10million.B.ruralareawillbeextinct.C.mostpeoplewillliveincities.D.thethirdworldwillkeepabreastwiththedevelopedworld.73.Intheauthor’sopinion,_________.A.bettercity,betterlifeB.bothurbanandruralareashavealargerpopulationC.thelargerpopulation,thefasteracitydevelopsD.bothurbanandruralareashavelargergrossdomesticproducts74.WhichstatementisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Thedevelopingcountriesdevelopfasterthanthedevelopedcountries.B.CitiescontributemoretotheGDPthanthevillagers.C.Someproblemsaremoreeasilysolvedincitiesthanincountry.D.It’simpossibletosolveurbanproblemsbygettingpeopleoutofcities.75.Thelastparagraphimpliesthat____________.A.Publicservicesareineffective.

B.Citiesareincreasingtoofast.C.Populationisnotlinkedwithdevelopment.D.Governmentshouldberesponsiblefortheproblemsinthecities.參考答案：BCAAD19.閱讀下列短文，從每篇短文后所給各題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。It’sanightmareforHuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnology（HUST）:withinaweek，twostudentscommittedsuicidebyjumpingoffdormbuildings.Officialsfromtheuniversityarereluctanttogiveinterviews.“Wehadahardtimecalmingdownstudentswhowereshockedatthesuicides,”saidZhangJingyuan，oneofficialofHUST.“Mediacoveragemayarousesomestudents’negativeemotionsagain．Suicidecanbecontagious,”Zhangsaid.TheuniversityreactedpromptlytothefirstsuicideonOctober23.Advisorsandclassleadersconducteddorm-to-dormcheckstofindstudentssufferingdepression．Thenpsychologistsofferedone-on-onecounselingtothem.Noticeboardspublicizingtipsforidentifyingpeers’mentalproblemsandofferinghelpweresetupinfrontofdormbuildings．Leafletscarryingsimilarinformationwerehandedouttoeachdorm.However，thesecondsuicidecamesevendayslater.Bothstudentsweredescribedasmenoffewwords．Theirschoolmatesdidn’tseeanythingtoindicatesuicide.Zhangrevealedthatthetwostudentshadbeenbotheredbymentaldisorders．Buttheschooldidn’tknowthisuntilthestudents’closefriendsoutsideschoolandtheirparentsunveiledthetruthafterthesuicides.AccordingtoZhang，thereareonlythreefull-timecounselorsworkingintheuniversity’scounselingcenterforits60,000students．Hecomplained:“It’sunrealistictorelyonlyoncounselorstodetectstudents’mentalproblems.”Effectivepreventioncomesfromlong-termeducationforlifeinsteadoftemporaryinterventiontomeetanemergency，saidHuYi’an．HudeliversacourseoflecturesonlifeanddeathatGuangzhouUniversity．Heworriesthatuniversitieshavepaidlittleattentiontoeducationforlife.“Educationforlifehelpsstudentsrespectandlovelifesotheywon’tresorttoendingtheirliveswhentheyhavedifficulties,”saidHu.AccordingtoHu，theprinciplescanbeincorporatedintoeverydayteaching.Huisalsoconcernedthatsomeuniversitiesareconveyingdiscriminatorymessagethatwillholdbackstudentsfromseekinghelp.WhenHUSTconductedthedorm-to-dormexamination，studentswithpooracademicperformancewerepaidspecialattention．InMarch，PekingUniversityalsoreleasedacontroversialpolicy，whichrequiredteacherstohaveachatwithstudents“withbiasedthinking”.However，Husuggestedthatstudentsstepoutoftheircomfortzonetoseekreal-lifecommunication.66．Theunderlinedword“reluctant”inparagraph2probablymeans“

”.A．willing

B．unhappy

C．refused

D．decided67．Whydidtheadvisorsandclassleadergotothestudents’dorm?A．Tolearnthefirstsuicide．B．ToavoidthesecondsuicideC．Tolearnaboutthestudents’sufferingdepression

D．Toofferhelptothestudents68．Wh