2022-2023學(xué)年浙江省寧波市九校聯(lián)考高二（下）期末英語試卷（含解析）

第=page11頁，共=sectionpages11頁2022-2023學(xué)年浙江省寧波市九校聯(lián)考高二（下）期末英語試卷一、閱讀理解（本大題共15小題，共37.5分）A

SomeTopCoastDestinationstoVisit

Britainhasover18，000milesofcoastlinetoexplore：fromwhitesoftsandsandvibrantseasideresorts，towildnaturereservesfilledwithpuffins（海鸚），dolphinsandvariousthrills.Whereveryou'reheading，here'swheretosplash，surf，dive，swim-andperhapsevensunbathe-onBritain'sshores.

WhyweloveKent

Fromice-creamshopstotownsthatareonthemapforcutting-edgefoodandart，the'GardenofEngland'ismeantfordiscovery.JustashorthopfromLondontakesyoutoMargate-hometotheTurnerContemporarygalleryandDreamlandthemepark.TuckintodeliciousoystersandotherseafoodinWhitstableortrybohemianRamsgateforaweekendaway.Relaxamongthecandy-colouredbeachhutsofBroadstairs，orbringthepastaliveinthesurroundsoftime-honoredDoverCastle，LeedsCastleorCanterburyCathedral.

WhywelovetheJurassicCoast

Welcometodinosaurterritory.Over200millionyearsold，theJurassicCoast'sbeachesandrocksarestrewnwithancientfossilsandfootprints-yourstodiscoveronwalks，bikeridesandpicnics.Butthat'snotall.This95-milecoastlinealsoofferscountlesswaystoexplore：fromkayakingbetweenthechalk-whitetowersofOldHarryRocksandswimminginWestBay'sclearwaters，towatchingthesunsetovertheseafromPortlandBillLighthouse.

Whereveryouventure，here'swhattolookoutfor，andthebestplacestostay.

WhywelovetheWalesCoastPath

Thisisn'tjustawalkingtrail-it'stheroutetoadventure，culture，wildlifeandmore，servingup870milesofbreathtakingseaviews，gloriousbeaches，wildflower-toppedcliffsandcharmingharbourvillages.EvenashortwalkisastartingpointtodiscoverthetreasuresofcoastalWales：fromsurfing，sailingandswimming，tohorse-ridingonbeachesandcyclingthroughforests.

Youdon'thavetobealong-distancehikertoenjoytheWalesCoastPath：wildlifelovers，thrillseekers，daytrippers—thisone'sforyou.1.WhichofthefollowingmaybethereasonwhypeoplevisitKent？______A.Itsthrillingseasports. B.Itslonghikingpath.

C.Itsdiversewildlife. D.Itsoldbuildings.2.Whichdestinationmayattractthoseinterestedinstudyingtheremainsofancientcreatures？______A.Kent. B.TheJurassicCoast.

C.Margate. D.TheWalesCoastPath.3.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom？______A.Atravelbrochure. B.Ageographymagazine.

C.Alocalnewspaper. D.Anentertainmentweekly.BWhentheparcelarrives，theremote-controlledcarinsideisbroken.Thatcouldeasilyresultinanunhappychild—butnotthistime.

ThepackagehascomefromaBritishstart-upthathopestoequipthenation'syoungsterswithanendangeredskill：theabilitytofixgadgetswhentheyfail.Theaimistoencourage10to14-year-oldstotryfixingelectronicdevicesandlearnhowtheywork，bysendingthemfaultytoysthattheyhavetotakeapartandrepairthemselves.

Thecompany，TeamRepair，hasbeenfoundedbyfiveengineeringgraduatesfromImperialCollegeLondon.Havingbegunasauniversityproject，itsultimategoalistosteerchildrenintocareersinscienceandtonurture（培養(yǎng)）anewgenerationofengineersandinventors.

"Everymonth，we'llsendchildrenanelectronicgadgetwithacarefullyplannedfault，"saidPatrickMeGuckian，22，thechiefoperatingofficer."Theideaisthattheylearnkeyrepairskills，andthattheyalsolearnthescienceandtechnologybehindhowthecomponentsinsideitwork."

ItisestimatedthattwomilliontonnesofelectricalandelectronicitemsarethrownawayintheUKeachyear."Meanwhile，theUKhasaStem-science，technology，engineeringandmathsskillsshortagecosting￡1.5billionayear，"McGuckiansaid."Wewantedtohelpsolvethosetwoproblems."

Theservice—currentlyinatestingphase—willcost￡28amonth，witheachkitdesignedtokeepachildoccupiedforseveralhours.Onceagadgethasbeenmended，youpostitbacksoitcanbebrokenagainforsomebodyelsetofix.Thereisalsoanapptoprovideinstructionsonhowtoperformtherepair，andalsominisciencelessons."Asasocietywe'vebeentunedtoreplaceratherthanrepair，"McGuckiansaid."Wewanttoencourageadifferentmindsetinthenextgeneration—andontopofthat，wewantthemtobecreative，tobeengineers，tobeinventorsthatsolvethebiggestproblems."4.Whydoestheauthormentiontheremote-controlledcarinthefirstparagraph？______A.Tointroducethetopic. B.Topresentafact.

C.Tomakeacomparison. D.Toexplainapoint.5.What'stheaimofsettingupthecompanyTeamRepair？______A.Toprovidechildrenwithfaultytoys.

B.Toreducetheuseofelectronicitems.

C.TohelpchildrenlearnStemskillsforfree.

D.Toequipchildrenwiththeabilitytorepair.6.Whatwillchildrengetiftheysignupfortheservice？______A.Thegadgetafterbeingrepaired.

B.Face-to-faceguidancetomend.

C.Someminisciencelessonsonline.

D.Afaultyelectronicgadgetweekly.7.Whatisthesuitabletitleforthetext？______A.BrokenToysHaveaGoodPlacetoGo

B.TeamRepairforYoungPeoplewasSetUp

C.TheAbilitytoFixGadgetsistobeImproved

D.BrokenToysOfferNeatFixforSkillsShortageCItisn'tjustpeoplewhogetroadrage.Robins，akindofsmallbrownEuropeanbird，inthecountrysidebecomemoreaggressivewhentheyhearthesoundoftraffic，accordingtoastudy.

Whenarobinarrivesuninvitedonanotherbird'sterritory，theyadapttheirsongstowardtherivalaway，andadoptvisualdisplaysincludingswayingfromsidetosideandthreateninglybaringtheirredchestfeathers，beforeclosinginandevengoingontheattack.Previousstudieshadfoundthatrobinslivingincitiesweremorephysicallyaggressivethantheirruralcousins.Thelatestresearchsuggeststhatnoisepollutioncouldplayapart.

Toexploretheconnection，scientistsfromUKandTurkeyputa3D-printedplasticmodelofarobinonanotherrobin'splaceattwolocations：anurbanparkinIstanbulthatwasclosetobusyroads，andaquietwoodedareaoutsidethecity.Themodelintruder（闖入者）wasalsoequippedwithrecordingsofrobinsongs.Then，throughaseparatespeakernearby，theyaddedtrafficnoise.

"Innormallyquietsurroundings，wefoundthatadditionaltrafficnoiseleadstoruralrobinsbecomingmorephysicallyaggressive，forinstanceapproachingthemodelbirdmoreclosely，"saidDrCaglarAk?ay，thestudy'sleadauthor.Butwhentheyplayedtheextratraffictotheurbanbirds，theydidnotbecomeanymoreaggressive-insteadtheyrespondedbysingingless，suggestingtheyhadperhapslearnedto"sitout"temporaryincreasesinnoise.

Ak?ayandhisteambelievedthatthetrafficnoisewasinterferingwithrobins'naturalcommunicationthroughsong."Thehighlevelsofnoisethatexistdayandnightinurbanhabitats，suchasfromtrafficorconstructionequipment，maypermanentlyinterferewiththeefficienttransmissionofacoustic（聲音的）signalsandthisislikelytobethekeyreasonwhyurbanrobinsaretypicallymoreaggressivethanruralbirds，"hesaid.8.Whatkindofbirdarerobins？______A.Mild. B.Competitive. C.Cooperative. D.Graceful.9.Howdidthescientistsconductthestudy？______A.Byanalyzingpreviousresearchdata.

B.Bycitingthefamousscientists'words.

C.Bycomparingrobins'differentresponses.

D.Byrecordingthemodelintruder'sbehavior.10.Whenexposedtoextratrafficnoise，howmayurbanrobinsreact？______A.Singnotasfrequentlyasusual.

B.Wardtherivalawaybysingingmore.

C.Swaymoreviolentlyfromsidetoside.

D.Approachthemodelbirdmoreclosely.11.WhatisAk?ay'sattitudetothefutureofrobins？______A.Unclear. B.Indifferent. C.Optimistic. D.Concerned.DFormorethanacentury，PaulCézanne（1839-1906）hasbeencelebratedasanartist'sartist.Fornearlyaslong，thebanker'ssonfromAix-en-Provencehasbeencreditedwithlayingthegroundworkforthe20th-centuryavant-garde（前衛(wèi)派思想）.Butthecurators（負(fù)責(zé)人）ofthelargestCézanneexhibitionsince1997decidedthatmorecouldbelearnedaboutthegreatFrenchpost-impressionistsimplybylookingmorecloselyathispaintings.

Ofthe80oilpaintingsinthisshow，whichwilllatertraveltoLondon'sTateModern，eighthavebeensubjectedtoinfraredX-rayandotherimagingtechnologiestodeterminehowhemadeeachmark.Thecurators'conclusion：WhatmadeCézanneapioneerandenduringinspirationisthatineverylandscape，stilllife，portrait，andfigurepainting，hewastryingtocommunicateemotionwitheverybrushstroke，buildingeachimagesensationbysensation.

Unlikeotherartists，Cézanneseems"lessconcernedaboutwhatheisdepictingthanhowheisbuildingapicture，"saidKyleMacMillanintheChicagoSunTimes.InpaintingssuchasStillLifeWithApples（1893-94），"standardrulesofperspectiveareoverthrownandtheobjectslookliketheyareabouttoslideoffthetable."ButtheimpactthatCézannehadisobviousinthisshow，which"goestogreatlengths"tohighlightwhichworkswerecollectedbyfellowartists，saidJ.S.MarcusinTheWallStreetJournal.ClaudeMonet，PabloPicasso，andHenriMatisseallownedCézannes，andJasperJohnshasloanedtheshowoneofCézanne'sdrawingsoffemalebathers，afavoritesubjectoftheearlierartistthatisshowcasedinthisexhibition'sfinalroom.Thefiguresintheseworks"oftenhaveanimpassive（冷漠的）quality，leadingmanycriticstowonderifhefilledhiscelebratedappleswithgreateremotionthanhishumansubjects."

ButnotthattheshowtellsyouhowtointerpretCézannes."It'suptoyoutowindyourownway.It'swhatCézannedid，afterall."12.WhatcanwelearnaboutCézanne？______A.Hepaintedabout80oilpaintingsinhislifetime.

B.HewasthecuratorofthelargestgalleryinFrance.

C.HewasagreatFrenchpost-impressionistinthe1800s.

D.Hewasapioneerinpaintingwithmoderntechnologies.13.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword"overthrown"inparagraph3？______A.Abandoned. B.Established. C.Obeyed. D.Created.14.WhatcanbeinferredaboutCézanne'sworks？______A.Thefiguresinhisworksarefullofemotions.

B.Hisworkswerelovedbymanyfellowartists.

C.Thethemeofhisearlyworkswasrelatedtoreligion.

D.HisworksarebeingexhibitedinTateModerninLondon.15.Whatisthistextmainlyabout？______A.WorksofCézanne. B.ThelifestoryofCézanne.

C.AnexhibitionofCézanne. D.PaintingskillsofCézanne.二、閱讀七選五（本大題共5小題，共12.5分）TheHealingPowerofWaterIthasbeenaroughfewyears.Manyofusarefindingourselvesexhausted，burnedout，strugglingtobuildbalancebackintoourlives.（1）______Neuroscientistssaythatspendingtimenearoceans，lakes，riversandotherbluespacescanprovidearangeofbenefitsincludingreducinganxiety，easingmentalfatigueandrefreshingus.

Participatinginwateractivitiessuchasswimmingorsurfingcanhelpusentera"flowstate，"wherewebecomefullyimmersedinwhatwe'redoing.（2）______Whenwebecomeskilledatanactivity，ourbrainchanges，makingiteveneasiertoenterastateofflowinthefuture.

Bodiesofwateralsocanproduceaglorioussenseofawe-theemotionalresponsetosomethingvastthatexpandsandchallengeshowweseetheworld.（3）______

Waterhasspecialpropertiesthatmayboostnature'spositiveimpact.（4）______Itssmellcanprovokepositivememoriesandassociations.Whenwearenearwater，thereisoftenlessvisualandauditoryinformationtoprocess.Ourmindcanrest.Whenwe'refloatinginwater，ourbodiescanresttoo，inawaywenevercanonland.

（5）______Itmovesrhythmically，producingaplayoflight，colorandsoundthatisspellbinding.Itholdsourattention，butnotinanoverlydemandingway.Researcherscallthissoftfascination.Itgivesourbrainsabreakfromtheintense，focusedattentionthatmuchofdailyliferequires.

A.Mostimportant：Waterisdynamic.

B.Weneedtorechargeandwatercanhelp.

C.Thesoundofwater，typicallysteadyandsoft，soothesus.

D.Wecanspendtimeonthewateranywhere，anytimeinourmind.

E.Thiscalmsthemind，whichisoftenabsorbedbyworryandanxiety.

F.It'snotjustourbodiesthatneedtheelementoflife—it'sourmindstoo.

G.Suchsenseofawecandecreasestressandhelpusputthingsintoperspective.16.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.

A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空（本大題共15小題，共15.0分）IntotheRapidsWyattandhisteamwereontheArkansasRiver，paddling（劃槳）throughoneofColorado'sdeepestcanyons.Brody，theirguidehad（1）______themthatsomepartsofthestreamwouldberapid.Justsecondsearlier，theyhad（2）______anotherrafttrappedonarockbyintentionallyhittingit.Butthemomentum（沖力）hadcausedtheirownrafttoentersome（3）______rapidstooquickly.

Beforetheycoulddoanything，theraft（4）______intothecanyonwall.Astheybouncedback，Wyattlosthis（5）______andwasthrownbackward，rightintothe（6）______.Thewatertossedhimaroundviolently，buthecaughtbreathswheneverhecould.Lookingoverhisshoulder，he（7）______toseeBrodythrowinghimthelifeline，buthe'dalreadymoved50yardsaheadoftheraft.

Heknewhehadtogetoutofthissituationhimself."Don't（8）______."Wyatttoldhimself，tryingtorememberthesafetytalkBrodyhadgiventothem.Herolledontohisback，pointinghisfeetdownstreamtocushion（緩沖）anypossible（9）______.

Whentheriver（10）______foramoment，Wyattwasabletocatchhisbreath.Aroundthe（11）______，hesawastretchofriverbank.Thenhesawsomethingevenmore（12）______：theraftthey'dfreedearlierwaspulledupalongsidetheriverbank.Itscrew（13）______Wyattandstartedwavingcrazily."Swim!"theyshouted."Swimtous!"

Hishopesignited，Wyatt（14）______ontohisstomachandswam.Hegaveiteverythinghehad.Finally，hefeltstronghandsgrabbingholdofhislifevestand（15）______himfromtheriver.21.

A.inspired B.cautioned C.convinced D.ensured22.

A.freed B.challenged C.grasped D.checked23.

A.messy B.steady C.tricky D.clumsy24.

A.broke B.crashed C.fell D.marched25.

A.breath B.temper C.sight D.balance26.

A.raft B.wall C.riverbank D.rapids27.

A.expected B.failed C.tended D.pretended28.

A.complain B.hesitate C.panic D.suspect29.

A.fish B.rocks C.grass D.shells30.

A.flowed B.roared C.rose D.quieted31.

A.bottom B.clock C.bend D.woods32.

A.promising B.disappointing C.rewarding D.demanding33.

A.overlooked B.impressed C.betrayed D.spotted34.

A.dived B.climbed C.rolled D.pressed35.

A.dragging B.distracting C.sheltering D.dismissing四、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）36.Atraditionalfestivalcloselyrelatedtospring，whichhadremainedsilentforcenturies，isbackinbloom，thanksto（1）______（grow）enthusiasmfortraditionalChinesecultureand（2）______increasingdemandforseasonalsightseeingtours.

HuazhaoFestivalissaidtobecelebratedasthebirthdayoftheflowergoddess（3）______thesecondmonthontheChineselunarcalendar.Itsorigincan（4）______（trace）totheperiodbeforetheQinDynasty（221-206BC）andwas（5）______（official）setasafestivalduringtheSui（581-618）andTang（618-907）dynasties.DuringtheTangDynasty，thefestival，（6）______wasoneofthethreenationwidecelebrationsbackthen，fellonthe15thdayofthesecondlunarmonth.TheothertwowereLanternFestivalonthe15thdayofthefirstlunarmonthandMid-AutumnFestivalonthe15thdayofeighthlunarmonth.

However，thetimingofthefestival（7）______（vary）betweenregions，becauseofthedifferencein（8）______floweringbegins.Asaresult，manypartsofthecountrytaketurns（9）______（launch）theircelebrationsasifpresentingafeastfortheeyesinrelay.Despitevarioushighlights，thisMarchthefestivecelebrationsacrossdifferentregionsspontaneouslysharedthefeaturesofhanfu—atraditionalChinesestyleofclothing—andflora（植物群）（10）______（appreciate）.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、任務(wù)型讀寫（本大題共1小題，共25.0分）37.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。

ThelittlebirdpercheditselfonthetreebranchoutsideVanessa'sbedroomwindow.Ittrilled（啼囀）anenergeticsongasthefirstpaleyellowraysofsunshinepeekedoverthehorizon.

"Ohmygosh，whatisthatnoise？"shecomplainedtoherself，pullingherbedsheetsoverherheadinanattempttodrownoutthechirping.Itwasnouse，andsheknewit.Theloudtweetingsignalledthecomingoftheday.Toconfirmit，Vanessa'smomknockedtwiceonherdoor，andthencameinwithasmile."Timetogetup，Sleepyhead，"shewhispered."Theearlybirdcatchestheworm，youknow."

"Ugh，"mumbledVanessaintoherpillow."Whatdoesthatevenmean？"

"It'sjustanexpression，Honey，"hermomreplied.ShegaveVanessaakissonthecheekandurgedhertogetoutofbed.Vanessarolledoverandsleptforafewmoreminutes.

Vanessashuffledherwaydownstairsforbreakfast，ateslowly，andmissedherbus.Whenshefinallygottoschool，shehadmissedattendanceandhadtogetalatepass.Shemissedthefirstpartofmathclass，soshedidn'tunderstandthelessonandhadtogetextrahelp.Herteachergaveherextrahomeworktomakesuresheknewit.Thisdaywasnofun.

Thenextmorning，Vanessawaswokenupbythesameloud，twitteringsong.Insteadofignoringit，todayVanessawalkedovertothewindowandopenedthecurtains.Softlightfilledtheroom."Well，hellothere，littlefellow，"shesaidwhenshesawtheprettybirdoutside，stillchirpinghappily.Itwasstartledbyhervoiceandflewdowntolandonthefreshdewofthemorninggrass.Asshewatched，thebirdcockeditshead，plungeditsbeakintothewetground，andpluckedoutawigglingwormforbreakfast.

注意：

（1）續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右：

（2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Paragraph1："Hmm，"thoughtVanessa，"maybeIcantrybeinganearlybirdforonce."

Paragraph2：Vanessacouldn'thelphummingamerrytoneonherwayhome.六、書面表達(dá)（本大題共1小題，共15.0分）38.假定你是某國際學(xué)校學(xué)生會(huì)的負(fù)責(zé)人李華，最近學(xué)校發(fā)起了"陽光樂跑（SunshineFunRun）"打卡活動(dòng)，你將在晨會(huì)上發(fā)言，號(hào)召全校同學(xué)參加。請就此寫一份發(fā)言稿，內(nèi)容包括：

（1）活動(dòng)目的；

（2）樂跑要求；

（3）發(fā)出倡議。參考詞匯打卡：punchin

注意：

（1）寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；

（2）請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。

Dearfellowstudents，

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、B、A【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了英國海岸線上的三個(gè)旅游目的地：肯特、侏羅紀(jì)海岸和威爾士海岸路徑。肯特是一個(gè)充滿創(chuàng)新美食和藝術(shù)的城鎮(zhèn)，侏羅紀(jì)海岸有著古老的化石和足跡，而威爾士海岸路徑則提供了許多冒險(xiǎn)和文化活動(dòng)。無論你是想散步、游泳、沖浪還是騎馬，這些地方都值得一游。

1.

根據(jù)WhyweloveKent（為什么我們愛肯特）中Fromice-creamshopstotownsthatareonthemapforcutting-edgefoodandart，the'GardenofEngland'ismeantfordiscovery.JustashorthopfromLondontakesyoutoMargate-hometotheTurnerContemporarygalleryandDreamlandthemepark.TuckintodeliciousoystersandotherseafoodinWhitstableortrybohemianRamsgateforaweekendaway.Relaxamongthecandy-colouredbeachhutsofBroadstairs，orbringthepastaliveinthesurroundsoftime-honoredDoverCastle，LeedsCastleorCanterburyCathedral.（從冰淇淋店到地圖上以尖端美食和藝術(shù)聞名的城鎮(zhèn)，"英格蘭花園"是用來探索的。從倫敦走一小段路就能到達(dá)馬蓋特——特納當(dāng)代畫廊和夢幻樂園主題公園的所在地。在懷特的餐桌上享用美味的牡蠣和其他海鮮，或者周末去嘗試波西米亞的拉姆斯蓋特。在Broadstairs的糖果色海灘小屋中放松，或者在歷史悠久的多佛城堡，利茲城堡或坎特伯雷大教堂周圍帶著過去的活力。）可知，在這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)享受美食和欣賞藝術(shù)都是走著過去的。由此推知，人們喜歡參觀肯特是因?yàn)橐粭l很長的徒步小徑。故選B。

2.

根據(jù)WhywelovetheJurassicCoast（為什么我們喜歡侏羅紀(jì)海岸）中Over200millionyearsold，theJurassicCoast'sbeachesandrocksarestrewnwithancientfossilsandfootprints-yourstodiscoveronwalks，bikeridesandpicnics.（侏羅紀(jì)海岸的海灘和巖石有超過2億年的歷史，到處都是古老的化石和腳印——你可以在散步、騎自行車和野餐時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)它們。）可知，侏羅紀(jì)海岸可以吸引那些對(duì)研究古代生物遺骸感興趣的人。故選B。

3.

通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了英國海岸線上的三個(gè)旅游目的地：肯特、侏羅紀(jì)海岸和威爾士海岸路徑?？咸厥且粋€(gè)充滿創(chuàng)新美食和藝術(shù)的城鎮(zhèn)，侏羅紀(jì)海岸有著古老的化石和足跡，而威爾士海岸路徑則提供了許多冒險(xiǎn)和文化活動(dòng)。無論你是想散步、游泳、沖浪還是騎馬，這些地方都值得一游。所以該文應(yīng)該出自旅游手冊。A.Atravelbrochure一份旅游手冊；B.Ageographymagazine一本地理雜志；C.Alocalnewspaper一份當(dāng)?shù)貓?bào)紙；D.Anentertainmentweekly一本娛樂周刊。故選A。

4~7.【答案】A、D、C、D【解析】【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了英國一家公司的最新設(shè)想，該公司是由倫敦帝國理工學(xué)院的五名工程專業(yè)畢業(yè)生創(chuàng)立的。該公司每個(gè)月給孩子們送一個(gè)精心設(shè)計(jì)的電子產(chǎn)品，鼓勵(lì)他們嘗試修理電子設(shè)備，并了解它們是如何工作的。

1.

根據(jù)文章第一段Whentheparcelarrives，theremote-controlledcarinsideisbroken.Thatcouldeasilyresultinanunhappychild—butnotthistime.（當(dāng)包裹到達(dá)時(shí)，里面的遙控汽車壞了。這很容易導(dǎo)致一個(gè)不快樂的孩子——但這次不會(huì)。）以及文章第二段ThepackagehascomefromaBritishstart-upthathopestoequipthenation'syoungsterswithanendangeredskill：theabilitytofixgadgetswhentheyfail.Theaimistoencourage10to14-year-oldstotryfixingelectronicdevicesandlearnhowtheywork，bysendingthemfaultytoysthattheyhavetotakeapartandrepairthemselves.（這個(gè)方案來自于一家英國初創(chuàng)公司，它希望讓英國的年輕人掌握一項(xiàng)瀕危的技能：在電子產(chǎn)品出故障時(shí)修理它們的能力。其目的是鼓勵(lì)10到14歲的孩子嘗試修理電子設(shè)備，并了解它們是如何工作的，方法是給他們送一些有缺陷的玩具，讓他們自己拆開修理。）可知，第一段提到壞掉的遙控汽車，是為了引出最后一句"但這次不會(huì)"；而"但這次不會(huì)"則指的是第二段一家英國公司的方案。由此推斷，第一段提到遙控汽車壞了，是為了引出文章的主題。故選A。2.

根據(jù)文章第二段ThepackagehascomefromaBritishstart-upthathopestoequipthenation'syoungsterswithanendangeredskill：theabilitytofixgadgetswhentheyfail.Theaimistoencourage10to14-year-oldstotryfixingelectronicdevicesandlearnhowtheywork，bysendingthemfaultytoysthattheyhavetotakeapartandrepairthemselves.（這個(gè)方案來自于一家英國初創(chuàng)公司，它希望讓英國的年輕人掌握一項(xiàng)瀕危的技能：在電子產(chǎn)品出故障時(shí)修理它們的能力。其目的是鼓勵(lì)10到14歲的孩子嘗試修理電子設(shè)備，并了解它們是如何工作的，方法是給他們送一些有缺陷的玩具，讓他們自己拆開修理。）可知，這個(gè)方案的目的是希望孩子能夠?qū)W會(huì)在電子產(chǎn)品出故障時(shí)修理它們的能力。故選D。

3.

根據(jù)文章最后一段Theservice—currentlyinatestingphase—willcost￡28amonth，witheachkitdesignedtokeepachildoccupiedforseveralhours.Onceagadgethasbeenmended，youpostitbacksoitcanbebrokenagainforsomebodyelsetofix.Thereisalsoanapptoprovideinstructionsonhowtoperformtherepair，andalsominisciencelessons.（這項(xiàng)服務(wù)目前還處于測試階段，每月費(fèi)用為28英鎊，每個(gè)工具包的設(shè)計(jì)目的是讓一個(gè)孩子有幾個(gè)小時(shí)的時(shí)間。一旦一個(gè)小工具修好了，你就把它寄回去，這樣它就可以再次壞掉，讓別人來修理。還有一個(gè)應(yīng)用程序可以提供如何進(jìn)行維修的指導(dǎo)，以及小型科學(xué)課程。）可知，如果孩子注冊參與這個(gè)項(xiàng)目，他們每個(gè)月會(huì)得到一個(gè)玩具，還有應(yīng)用程序提供維修指導(dǎo)和小型科學(xué)課程。故選C。

4.

根據(jù)文章第二段ThepackagehascomefromaBritishstart-upthathopestoequipthenation'syoungsterswithanendangeredskill：theabilitytofixgadgetswhentheyfail.Theaimistoencourage10to14-year-oldstotryfixingelectronicdevicesandlearnhowtheywork，bysendingthemfaultytoysthattheyhavetotakeapartandrepairthemselves.（這個(gè)方案來自于一家英國初創(chuàng)公司，它希望讓英國的年輕人掌握一項(xiàng)瀕危的技能：在電子產(chǎn)品出故障時(shí)修理它們的能力。其目的是鼓勵(lì)10到14歲的孩子嘗試修理電子設(shè)備，并了解它們是如何工作的，方法是給他們送一些有缺陷的玩具，讓他們自己拆開修理。）以及文章第五段ItisestimatedthattwomilliontonnesofelectricalandelectronicitemsarethrownawayintheUKeachyear."Meanwhile，theUKhasaStem[science，technology，engineeringandmaths]skillsshortagecosting￡1.5billionayear，"McGuckiansaid."Wewantedtohelpsolvethosetwoproblems."（據(jù)估計(jì)，英國每年有200萬噸的電器和電子產(chǎn)品被丟棄。"與此同時(shí)，英國的Stem（科學(xué)、技術(shù)、工程和數(shù)學(xué)）技能短缺每年耗資15億英鎊，"McGuckian說。"我們希望幫助解決這兩個(gè)問題。"）可知，文章主要介紹了一家公司，該公司每個(gè)月給孩子們送一個(gè)精心設(shè)計(jì)的電子產(chǎn)品，鼓勵(lì)他們嘗試修理電子設(shè)備，并了解它們是如何工作的。公司的創(chuàng)辦者希望能夠通過這個(gè)項(xiàng)目，解決電子產(chǎn)品被丟棄以及技能短缺這兩個(gè)問題。所以"BrokenToysOfferNeatFixforSkillsShortage（壞玩具為技能短缺提供了一個(gè)很好的解決方案）"作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選D。

8~11.【答案】B、C、A、D【解析】本【文章大意】文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)及研究開展的過程，鄉(xiāng)村中的知更鳥會(huì)因?yàn)榻煌ㄔ胍糇兊酶庸粜?，而噪音污染可能是?dǎo)致城市鳥類更具攻擊性的原因之一。

1.

根據(jù)第二段Whenarobinarrivesuninvitedonanotherbird'sterritory，theyadapttheirsongstowardtherivalaway，andadoptvisualdisplaysincludingswayingfromsidetosideandthreateninglybaringtheirredchestfeathers，beforeclosinginandevengoingontheattack.（當(dāng)一只知更鳥不請自來地來到另一只鳥的領(lǐng)地時(shí)，它們會(huì)調(diào)整自己的歌聲來趕走對(duì)手，并采取視覺表現(xiàn)，包括左右搖擺，威脅地露出紅色的胸毛，然后再靠近，甚至發(fā)動(dòng)攻擊）可知，知更鳥是好勝的鳥。A.Mild溫和的；B.Competitive好勝的；C.Cooperative合作的；D.Graceful優(yōu)雅的。故選B。

2.

根據(jù)第四段"Innormallyquietsurroundings，wefoundthatadditionaltrafficnoiseleadstoruralrobinsbecomingmorephysicallyaggressive，forinstanceapproachingthemodelbirdmoreclosely，"saidDrCaglarAk?ay，thestudy'sleadauthor.Butwhentheyplayedtheextratraffictotheurbanbirds，theydidnotbecomeanymoreaggressive-insteadtheyrespondedbysingingless，suggestingtheyhadperhapslearnedto"sitout"temporaryincreasesinnoise.（該研究的主要作者CaglarAkcay博士說："在通常安靜的環(huán)境中，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)額外的交通噪音會(huì)導(dǎo)致農(nóng)村知更鳥變得更具攻擊性，例如更接近模型鳥。但是，當(dāng)它們給城市里的鳥兒播放額外的交通噪音時(shí)，它們并沒有變得更有攻擊性——相反，它們的反應(yīng)是更少地鳴叫，這表明它們可能已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了"不聽"暫時(shí)增加的噪音）可知，科學(xué)家們通過比較知更鳥的不同反應(yīng)進(jìn)行這項(xiàng)研究。故選C。

3.

根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段Butwhentheyplayedtheextratraffictotheurbanbirds，theydidnotbecomeanymoreaggressive-insteadtheyrespondedbysingingless，suggestingtheyhadperhapslearnedto"sitout"temporaryincreasesinnoise.（但是，當(dāng)它們給城市里的鳥兒播放額外的交通噪音時(shí)，它們并沒有變得更有攻擊性——相反，它們的反應(yīng)是更少地鳴叫，這表明它們可能已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)了"不聽"暫時(shí)增加的噪音）"可知，當(dāng)暴露在額外的交通噪音中，城市知更鳥唱歌不像平時(shí)那么頻繁。故選A。

4.

根據(jù)最后一段Ak?ayandhisteambelievedthatthetrafficnoisewasinterferingwithrobins'naturalcommunicationthroughsong."Thehighlevelsofnoisethatexistdayandnightinurbanhabitats，suchasfromtrafficorconstructionequipment，maypermanentlyinterferewiththeefficienttransmissionofacousticsignalsandthisislikelytobethekeyreasonwhyurbanrobinsaretypicallymoreaggressivethanruralbirds，"hesaid.（Ak?ay和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)認(rèn)為，交通噪音干擾了知更鳥通過歌聲進(jìn)行的自然交流。他說："城市棲息地日夜存在的高水平噪音，比如來自交通或建筑設(shè)備的噪音，可能會(huì)永久干擾聲音信號(hào)的有效傳輸，這可能是城市知更鳥通常比農(nóng)村鳥類更具攻擊性的關(guān)鍵原因。"）可推知，Akcay對(duì)知更鳥的未來感到擔(dān)憂。A.Unclear不清楚的；B.Indifferent不關(guān)心的；C.Optimistic樂觀的；D.Concerned擔(dān)心的。故選D。

12~15.【答案】C、A、B、A【解析】本文介紹了保羅?塞尚是如何通過每一筆畫來傳達(dá)情感，以及他的藝術(shù)風(fēng)格如何影響了20世紀(jì)的先鋒派。展覽通過紅外線X射線等技術(shù)來研究他的畫作，發(fā)現(xiàn)他的每一幅作品都是通過每一筆畫來傳達(dá)情感的。展覽還介紹了其他藝術(shù)家如何收藏塞尚的作品，并展示了塞尚的一些作品。展覽并不會(huì)告訴你如何解讀塞尚的作品，這需要觀眾自己去發(fā)現(xiàn)。

1.

根據(jù)第一段Fornearlyaslong，thebanker'ssonfromAix-en-Provencehasbeencreditedwithlayingthegroundworkforthe20th-centuryavant-garde（前衛(wèi)派思想）.Butthecurators（負(fù)責(zé)人）ofthelargestCézanneexhibitionsince1997decidedthatmorecouldbelearnedaboutthegreatFrenchpost-impressionistsimplybylookingmorecloselyathispaintings.（幾乎同樣長的時(shí)間里，這位來自普羅旺斯艾克斯的銀行家之子一直被認(rèn)為是20世紀(jì)前衛(wèi)藝術(shù)的奠基人。但是，自1997年以來規(guī)模最大的Cézanne展覽的策展人認(rèn)為，只要更仔細(xì)地觀察這位偉大的法國后印象派畫家的畫作，就可以了解更多關(guān)于他的東西）可知，Cézanne是19世紀(jì)偉大的法國后印象派畫家。故選C。

2.

根據(jù)劃線詞所在的句子Unlike

other

artists，Cézanne

seems

"less

concerned

about

what

he

is

depicting

than

how

he

is

building

a

picture，"said

Kyle

MacMillan

in

the

Chicago

Sun

Times.In

paintings

such

as

Still

Life

With

Apples

（1893-94），"standard

rules

of

perspective

are

overthrown

and

the

objects

look

like

they

are

about

to

slide

off

the

table."（《芝加哥太陽報(bào)》的凱爾?麥克米倫（KyleMacMillan）說，與其他藝術(shù)家不同，csamzanne似乎"不太關(guān)心他在描繪什么，而更關(guān)心他是如何構(gòu)建一幅畫的"。在《蘋果靜物》（StillLifeWithApples，1893-94）等畫作中，"透視的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)則被推翻了，物體看起來就像要從桌子上滑下來一樣。"）可知，之前透視的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)則被摒棄了，物體看起來就像要從桌子上滑下來一樣。故劃線詞意思是"摒棄、拋棄"。A.Abandoned.拋棄；B.Established.建立；C.Obeyed.遵守；D.Created.創(chuàng)造。故選A。

3.

根據(jù)第三段ClaudeMonet，PabloPicasso，andHenriMatisseallownedCézannes，andJasperJohnshasloanedtheshowoneofCézanne'sdrawingsoffemalebathers，afavoritesubjectoftheearlierartistthatisshowcasedinthisexhibition'sfinalroom.（ClaudeMonet、PabloPicasso和HenriMatisse都擁有Cézanne的作品，JasperJohns把Cézanne的一幅女性游泳者的畫作借給了這次展覽，這是這位早期藝術(shù)家最喜歡的主題，將在本次展覽的最后一個(gè)展廳展出）可推知，Cézanne的作品受到許多同行藝術(shù)家的喜愛。故選B。

4.

根據(jù)第二段Ofthe80oilpaintingsinthisshow，whichwilllatertraveltoLondon'sTateModern，eighthavebeensubjectedtoinfraredX-rayandotherimagingtechnologiestodeterminehowhemadeeachmark.Thecurators'conclusion：