北京市亦莊實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)高一下學(xué)期期末英語(yǔ)試題

北京亦莊實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)21級(jí)直升高一、高一第4學(xué)段+20級(jí)直升高二第8學(xué)段英語(yǔ)教與學(xué)質(zhì)量診斷英語(yǔ)試題總分:卷面70分+聽說(shuō)30分時(shí)間:90分鐘第一部分詞匯(共18分)一、用方框內(nèi)所給詞填空。(I層:不用變形。I1層:用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。)10'I層選詞填空1.Ididn’t________him-he’sgrownmuchtaller.2.Likealotofmen,hefindsithardtoexpresshis________.3.Theknifehadpiercedhisheart,but________hewasstillalive.4.Duringthelunch,heaskedmewhatIwould________tothegroupinclass.5.Myscheduleisquite________-Icouldarrangetomeetwithyouanyday.【答案】1.recognize2.emotion3.incredibly4.present5.flexible【解析】【1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：我沒(méi)認(rèn)出他來(lái)——他長(zhǎng)得高多了。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)填入動(dòng)詞原形，與didn’t一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意，此處指“認(rèn)出”，故填recognize?！?題詳解】考查名詞。句意：像很多男人一樣，他覺得很難表達(dá)自己的情感。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)填入名詞作賓語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意，此處指“情感”，故填emotion?！?題詳解】考查副詞。句意：刀刺穿了他的心臟，但令人難以置信的是他還活著。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)填入副詞修飾句子hewasstillalive。根據(jù)句意，此處指“難以置信地”，故填incredibly?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：在午餐期間，他問(wèn)我在課堂上將向全班展示什么。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)填入動(dòng)詞原形，與would一起構(gòu)成賓語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意，此處指“展示”，故填present?！?題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：我的日程安排很靈活——我可以安排在任何一天與你見面。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞作表語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意，此處指“靈活的”，故填flexible。選詞填空6.Shesentthemagifttoexpressher________.7.Ourteachersarehard-workingandhighly________.8.I’vetoldher________timesbutshestillinsistsondoingthat.9.Footballarousesagooddealof________amongitssupporters.10.Anneisdiligentandself-disciplined,whichiswhyshe'salwaysdonewell________.【答案】6.gratitude7.motivated8.countless9.passion10.academically【解析】【6題詳解】考查名詞。句意：她送給他們一件禮物以表達(dá)她的感激之情。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)填入名詞作賓語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意，此處指“感激”，故填gratitude?！?題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：我們的老師工作努力，積極性高。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞，與hard-working并列作表語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意，此處指“積極性高漲的”，故填motivated?！?題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：我已經(jīng)告訴她無(wú)數(shù)次了，但她仍然堅(jiān)持這樣做。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞times。根據(jù)句意，此處指“無(wú)數(shù)的、數(shù)不勝數(shù)的”，故填countless?！?題詳解】考查名詞。句意：足球在支持者中激起了極大的熱情。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)填入名詞作賓語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意，此處指“熱情、激情”，故填passion?！?0題詳解】考查副詞。句意：安妮勤奮自律，這就是為什么她在學(xué)業(yè)上總是做得很好的原因。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)填入副詞修飾動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句意，此處指“在學(xué)業(yè)方面；學(xué)術(shù)上”，故填academically。II層選詞填空11.Hesawhimself________inthewater.12.Thereare12weekstogo,________fromtoday.13.Ihadn’tseenherfor20years,butI________herimmediately.14.Ifyou________bysomething,itcausesyoutobehaveinaparticularway.15.ThelightingoftheOlympictorch________peaceandfriendshipamongthenationsoftheworld.【答案】11.reflected12.counting13.recognized14.aremotivated15.symbolizes【解析】【11題詳解】考查過(guò)去分詞。句意：他看見自己映在水中。根據(jù)inthewater可知，他自己映在水中，空格處意為“映出”，用reflect，句中謂語(yǔ)是saw，空格處用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，himself和reflect之間是邏輯動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，因此空格處用過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)，作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，故填reflected?！?2題詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：從今天算起，還有12周。由“Thereare12weekstogo”可知，句子表示“從今天算起，還有12周”，空格處是“數(shù)”，是count，句中謂語(yǔ)是are，空格處用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，count的邏輯主語(yǔ)是人，與count之間是主謂關(guān)系，因此空格處用現(xiàn)在分詞表主動(dòng)，此處是獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，故填counting?！?3題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：我有20年沒(méi)見過(guò)她了，但我立刻認(rèn)出了她。由“Ihadn’tseenherfor20years,but”可知，句子表示“我有20年沒(méi)見過(guò)她了，但我立刻認(rèn)出了她”，空格處意為“認(rèn)出”，是recognize，句子描述過(guò)去的事情，時(shí)態(tài)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，空格處用過(guò)去式recognized，故填recognized?！?4題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)，語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：如果你被某件事所激勵(lì)，它會(huì)導(dǎo)致你以某種特定的方式行事。由“itcausesyoutobehaveinaparticularway”可知，句子表示“如果你被某件事所激勵(lì)，它會(huì)導(dǎo)致你以某種特定的方式行事”，空格處意為“激勵(lì)”，是motivate，由by可知，句子用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，由causes可知，句子時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，因此空格處是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)you是第二人稱，因此空格處是aremotivated，故填aremotivated?！?5題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：點(diǎn)燃奧林匹克火炬象征著世界各國(guó)之間的和平與友誼。由“ThelightingoftheOlympictorch”和“peaceandfriendshipamongthenationsoftheworld”可知，句子表示“點(diǎn)燃奧林匹克火炬象征著世界各國(guó)之間的和平與友誼”，空格處意為“象征”，是symbolize，句子描述客觀事實(shí)，時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)名詞lighting，其后謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，因此空格處是第三人稱單數(shù)symbolizes，故填symbolizes。選詞填空16.Youcanimproveyour________byexercising.17.Thelatestmissilescanbefiredwith________accuracy.18.Mydoctorsaidtheproblemwasmore________thanphysical.19.Heissuccessfulbecausehehasa/an________interestinmusic.20.The________ofprizesandcertificateswilltakeplaceinthemainhall.【答案】16.flexibility17.incredible18.emotional19.passionate20presentation【解析】【16題詳解】考查名詞。句意：你可以通過(guò)鍛煉來(lái)提高靈活性。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)填入名詞作賓語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意，此處指“通過(guò)鍛煉來(lái)提高身體的靈活性”，故用形容詞flexible的名詞flexibility作賓語(yǔ)，意為“靈活性；柔韌性”。故填flexibility?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：最新的導(dǎo)彈可以以難以置信的精度發(fā)射。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞作定語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意，此處指“難以置信的精度”，故用incredibly的形容詞incredible作定語(yǔ)修飾accuracy，意為“難以置信的；極好的”。故填incredible?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：我的醫(yī)生說(shuō)這個(gè)問(wèn)題更多的是情緒上的，而不是身體上的。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞作表語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意，此處指“情緒上的”，故用emotion的形容詞emotional作表語(yǔ)，意為“感情的；情感的；情緒的”。故填emotional?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：他之所以成功，是因?yàn)樗麑?duì)音樂(lè)有著濃厚的興趣。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞作定語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意，此處指“濃厚的興趣”，故用passion的形容詞passionate，意為“熱情的；熱誠(chéng)的；狂熱的”。故填passionate?！?0題詳解】考查名詞。句意：頒獎(jiǎng)典禮將在大廳舉行。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)填入名詞作主語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句意，此處指“頒獎(jiǎng)典禮”，在定冠詞The后用present的名詞presentation，意為“演示；提交；授予；頒發(fā)；頒獎(jiǎng)儀式”。故填presentation。二、根據(jù)提示翻譯句子。8'21.我們將探索各種收集信息的方法。(approach)（漢譯英）【答案】Wewillexplorevariousapproachestogatheringinformation.【解析】【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)、名詞和動(dòng)名詞。分析句意可知，句子時(shí)態(tài)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，“我們將探索”是wewillexplore，“各種”是various，“收集信息”是gatherinformation，“……的方法”是approachtodoing，位于various后需用復(fù)數(shù)，故翻譯為Wewillexplorevariousapproachestogatheringinformation.22.她所有的時(shí)間都在抱怨她的經(jīng)理。(complain)（漢譯英）【答案】Shespendsallhertimecomplainingabouthermanager.【解析】【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)，固定短語(yǔ)和主謂一致。“所有的時(shí)間都在做某事”用固定短語(yǔ)spendallone’stimedoingsth.，主語(yǔ)是she，因此one’s用her，句子描述經(jīng)常性動(dòng)作，時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)she是第三人稱單數(shù)，因此spend用第三人稱單數(shù)，“抱怨她的經(jīng)理”是complainabouthermanager，因此整句話翻譯為“Shespendsallhertimecomplainingabouthermanager”，故答案為Shespendsallhertimecomplainingabouthermanager.23.接下來(lái)您和另外三位評(píng)委討論并確定第一、二、三名獲獎(jiǎng)選手。(decision)（漢譯英）【答案】Nextyoudiscusswiththreeotherjudgesandmakeadecisiononthefirst,secondandthirdwinners.【解析】【詳解】考查祈使句和固定短語(yǔ)?！敖酉聛?lái)”是next，“您和另外三位評(píng)委討論并確定第一-、二、三名獲獎(jiǎng)選手”用祈使句，“您和另外三位評(píng)委討論”是youdiscusswiththreeotherjudges，“并確定”是andmakeadecisionon，“第一、二、三名獲獎(jiǎng)選手”是thefirst,secondandthirdwinners，故答案為Nextyoudiscusswiththreeotherjudgesandmakeadecisiononthefirst,secondandthirdwinners.24.他的研究不僅已經(jīng)幫助中國(guó)找到擺脫饑餓的方法，同時(shí)還促進(jìn)了世界和平和社會(huì)發(fā)展。(contribute)（漢譯英）【答案】HisresearchhasnotonlyhelpedChinafindawaytoremovehunger,butalsocontributedtoworldpeaceandsocialdevelopment.【解析】【詳解】考查短語(yǔ)和時(shí)態(tài)。notonly...butalso...不僅……而且……；waytodosth.做某事的方法；removehunger擺脫饑餓；contributeto促進(jìn)；worldpeace世界和平；socialdevelopment社會(huì)發(fā)展。陳述過(guò)去事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。主語(yǔ)為Hisresearch，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用has。根據(jù)句意，故翻譯為HisresearchhasnotonlyhelpedChinafindawaytoremovehunger,butalsocontributedtoworldpeaceandsocialdevelopment.第二部分語(yǔ)法(共10分)三、語(yǔ)法填空。閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。A語(yǔ)法填空Theysaythatyoucan'tteach____25____olddognewtricks,butwhenitcomestothebrain,scientistshavediscoveredthatthisoldsayingsimplyisn'ttrue.Thehumanbrainhasan____26____(astonish)abilitytoadaptandchange-evenintooldage.Thisabilityisknownasneuroplasticity(神經(jīng)可塑性).Thebrain'sincredibleabilitytoreshape____27____(it)holdstruewhenitcomestolearningandmemory.Youcanharnessthenaturalpowerofneuroplasticitytoincreaseyourcognitiveabilities,enhanceyourabilitytolearnnewinformation,andimproveyourmemoryatanyage.【答案】25.an26.astonishing27.itself【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文主要介紹了人類的大腦有著驚人的適應(yīng)和改變能力，這種能力被稱為神經(jīng)可塑性。人們可以利用神經(jīng)可塑性的自然力量來(lái)提高認(rèn)知能力，增強(qiáng)學(xué)習(xí)新信息的能力，以及提高記憶力?！?5題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：人們說(shuō)你不能教一只老狗新把戲（你不可能使守舊的人接受新事物）但當(dāng)涉及到大腦時(shí)，科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)這句老話根本不是真的。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)填入冠詞。此處指“一只，一個(gè)”，表泛指，故用不定冠詞。因old讀音以元音音素開頭，故用不定冠詞an。故填an?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：人類的大腦有著驚人的適應(yīng)和改變的能力，甚至到了老年。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞。此處修飾名詞ability，指“驚人的，令人驚訝的”，故用astonish的現(xiàn)在分詞形式astonishing。故填astonishing?！?7題詳解】考查反身代詞。句意：當(dāng)涉及學(xué)習(xí)和記憶時(shí)，大腦驚人的自我重塑能力是正確的。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)填入代詞作賓語(yǔ)。主語(yǔ)是Thebrain，此處指“大腦自我修復(fù)”，故用it的反身代詞itself。故填itself。B語(yǔ)法填空Whenlockdowns____28____(happen),suddenlylocationjustdidn’tmatterasmuchanymore.“Wesawalotofre-deepeningwithlong-distancerelationships,”Nelsonsaid.“Beforethis,wedidn’twanttobeonthephone.Butthroughcalls,textsandvideochats,long-distancefriendswereable____29____(stay)intouchanddeepentheirconnections.”Nelsonalsosaidtherewasabigtrendthatpeoplereachedouttoformerfriendsthey____30____(lose)contactwithinawhile.“Whenpeoplecouldn’tgomeetnewpeopleandfeltlonely,theironlyoptionwastoreconnectwithsomeone.”【答案】28.happened29.tostay30.hadlost【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要指出封鎖可以促進(jìn)人與人之間的交流?！?8題詳解】考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)。句意：當(dāng)封鎖突然發(fā)生時(shí)，位置不再那么重要了。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)填時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)主句的謂語(yǔ)didn’tmatter，可以判斷從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)時(shí)。故應(yīng)填happened?！?9題詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：但通過(guò)電話、短信和視頻聊天，異地朋友可以保持聯(lián)系，加深聯(lián)系。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)上文wereable可知需填入to構(gòu)成beableto短語(yǔ)，后接動(dòng)詞原形，意為“會(huì)，能夠”。故填tostay?！?0題詳解】考查過(guò)去完成時(shí)。句意：尼爾森還表示，現(xiàn)在有一個(gè)大趨勢(shì)，就是人們會(huì)聯(lián)系已經(jīng)失去聯(lián)系一段時(shí)間的前朋友。分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)作定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)句意可以判斷從句動(dòng)作lose應(yīng)發(fā)生在主句的謂語(yǔ)reachedoutto之前，故應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。故應(yīng)填hadlost。C語(yǔ)法填空AsNickGleasonsaid,“Successisallaboutgoingfromfailuretofailurewithoutlosing____31____(enthusiastic)”Failure____32____(associate)withperseverance,anditcanevenproveveryusefulinyourjourney.Itmustbeadmittedthatlivingthroughitallowsyoutoappreciatethefullflavorofsuccesslateron!Moreover,itallowsyoutopauseandreflecton____33____hasputyouincheck.In____34____(do)so,youcanconsideralternativesthatyoumightnothavethoughtofandthatwillhelpyouinthepursuitofyourproject.Inthisway,failurecanbebeneficial.【答案】31.enthusiasm32.isassociated33.what34.doing【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了失敗的作用和意義?！?1題詳解】考查名詞。句意：成功就是屢敗屢戰(zhàn)而不失熱情。根據(jù)句意和空格前介詞without可知，應(yīng)填入名詞enthusiasm作賓語(yǔ)，意為“熱情”。故填enthusiasm?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：失敗與堅(jiān)持不懈有關(guān)，它甚至可以在你的人生旅程中被證明是非常有用的。分析句子可知，associate(聯(lián)系)是分句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，與主語(yǔ)Failure之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合上下文，講述人生哲理，應(yīng)使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，又因主語(yǔ)是不可數(shù)名詞，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用單數(shù)形式。綜上，謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，單數(shù)形式。故填isassociated?！?3題詳解】考查名詞性從句。句意：此外，它還能讓你停下來(lái)，反思是什么讓你止步不前。連接代詞what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，表示“……的人/事/物/話/地方”。分析句子可知，空格后是賓語(yǔ)從句，從句引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，表示“讓你止步不前的事情”。綜上，應(yīng)用連接代詞what引導(dǎo)詞該賓語(yǔ)從句。故填what。【34題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：在這樣做的過(guò)程中，您可以考慮您可能沒(méi)有想到的替代方案，這將有助于您追求您的項(xiàng)目。介詞后跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。故填doing。第三部分閱讀理解(共32分)四、閱讀6篇短文，從每題所給的選項(xiàng)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑;或者根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問(wèn)題，并將答案寫在答題卡上。(第43-47題每題1分)AAstudybytheInstituteforEmploymentStudiesfoundthatolderlearnersreportedhigherlifeenjoymentandgreaterconfidence.Thefollowingappswillhelpyoulearnsomethingnew.1.QuizletBestfor:BoostingyourknowledgeandbrushingupyourskillsWhetheryou'rebrushinguponalanguage,gardeningknowledgeandcookingtechniques,orhavingagoodcommandofyourfavouriteliteratureclassics,theonlinelearningplatform,Quizlet,givesyouaccesstoover300milliondifferentstudysetsonalmostanysubjectyoucanimagine-forfree.2.BabbelBestfor:LearninganewlanguageAswellasbeingagreatskilltoshowoffonholiday,learninganewlanguagecanhaveprofoundeffectsonthewayyouapproachproblem-solvingandmightevengiveyoualeg-upinyourcareer.Withclassesdesignedtobe10-15minuteslong,Babbelencourageslearninginshort,yetachievable,bursts.Sothissummer,whetheryou'reonthebeachsoakingupsomesun,orsimplyrelaxingathome,whynotgivelanguagelearningatry?3BlinkistBestfor:Bite-sizedbooklearningBlinkististheperfectapptoassistyouthissummer,providingthekeyhighlightsfromnon-fictionbooksinbothaudioandtextform.Whetheryouwanttostartanewbusiness,improveyourmanagementskills,orachieveabetterwork/lifebalance,micro-learningappBlinkisttakeskeyideasfromnon-fictiontextsandsummarizethemintoeasy-to-consume15-minutedigests.4.RementeBestfor:ImprovingmentalwellbeingStressissomethingthatmostofusfaceonadailybasis—beitatworkorathome-andcontinualworryandstresscanbeharmfultoourhealth.Whethertheaimistoimprovementalwellbeing,mindfulness,stressmanagementorpersonalorprofessionalrelationships,Rementeguidesauserthrougheverystepinordertomaketheirgoalsareality.Itdoesthisthroughslittingyouroverallaimintodailygoals,makinglargetasksmanageableandkeepingyouontrack.35.Whichappcouldhelpyouifyoufeelgreatpressureinyourwork?A.Quizlet. B.Babbel. C.Blinkist. D.Remente.36.WhatdoQuizletandBabbelhaveincommon?Theyboth.A.providefreeclassesforusers B.aresuitableforlanguagelearningC.offer10-15minutesclassesforusers D.helpimproveyourproblem-solvingskills37.Whatisthepurposetowritethepassage?A.Toattractpeopletousetheapps.B.Toexplainsomenewinventions.C.Topersuadepeopletobuytheirproducts.D.Toentertainreaderswithsomeinterestingthings.【答案】35.D36.B37.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了幾款能幫助你學(xué)習(xí)新東西的應(yīng)用程序。【35題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Remente部分“Whethertheaimistoimprovementalwellbeing,mindfulness,stressmanagementorpersonalorprofessionalrelationships,Rementeguidesauserthrougheverystepinordertomaketheirgoalsareality.（無(wú)論目的是改善心理健康、正念、壓力管理還是個(gè)人或職業(yè)關(guān)系，Remente都會(huì)引導(dǎo)用戶完成每一步，以實(shí)現(xiàn)他們的目標(biāo)。）”可知，如果你在工作中感到巨大壓力，Remente可以幫助你。故選D?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Quizlet部分“Whetheryou'rebrushinguponalanguage（無(wú)論你是在溫習(xí)一門語(yǔ)言）”以及Babbel部分“Bestfor:Learninganewlanguage（最適合：學(xué)習(xí)一門新語(yǔ)言）”可知，這兩個(gè)應(yīng)用程序都適用于學(xué)語(yǔ)言。故選B?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一自然段“AstudybytheInstituteforEmploymentStudiesfoundthatolderlearnersreportedhigherlifeenjoymentandgreaterconfidence.Thefollowingappswillhelpyoulearnsomethingnew.（就業(yè)研究所的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，年齡較大的學(xué)習(xí)者更享受生活，更有信心。以下應(yīng)用程序?qū)椭銓W(xué)習(xí)新知識(shí)。）”可知，本文主要介紹了幾款能幫助人們學(xué)習(xí)新東西的應(yīng)用程序，旨在吸引人們使用這些應(yīng)用程序。故選A。BInoticedadadandhissonatthepark.Hissonwasn’tabletocommunicate,butheseemedsatisfiedsittinginthesand.Thedadexplainedtomethathissoncouldonlymakesomesounds.Theboyhadbeeninspeechtherapy(言語(yǔ)治療)foryears.Aftersomuchtimeintherapy,theboywasabletokeepeyecontactforafewseconds!Hetoldmehowexpensivethetherapiesforhisson’sspecialneedswereandwhatapleasureitwastoseealloftheyearsofhardworkpayoff.Aswetalkedabouttherapy,thedadsharedwithmethathisgoalforhisboywastosomedaybeabletogoforicecreamtogether.Hesaidhisfatherusedtotakehimoutforicecreamandhehopedhecoulddothesamewithhischild.Suddenly,thesonstoppedputtinghisfingersinthesand,lookedathisfatherandsaid,“hi”.Secondslatertheboywentbackintohisownworld.Thedadwantedtosaysomething,butbecouldn’t.Hisloveforthisboywassogreatthatthewordswouldnotcome.Butwhatdidcomeweretears.Thosetearsconveyedhowproudhewasofhisson.Althoughtheywerestrangerstome,Iamhappytohavesharedtheunforgettablemoment.Ihopesomedaytheywillbeabletogoforicecreamandhaveabeautifulfatherandsonouting.Thiseventtouchedmedeeplyandmademeconsidermyrelationshipwithmyownfather.Ihopethatastheycommunicatefurther,moreandmorememorieswillbecreatedforthemtoshare.Ibelievethefeelingsheldbyallawesomefathers—theirhardwork,theirlove,theirpride,andtheirtearsoflove—areallthesame.38.ParaphrasetheunderlinedpartinParagraph1.39.Howdidthefatherfeelafterhissonsaid“hi”tohim?40.Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusthroughthestory?A.Afather’sloveforhischildrenistouching.B.Alltheparentsvaluetheirchildren’sachievements.C.Strongrelationshipwithafatherisgoodforchildren.D.Childrenwithillnessesshouldbepaidmoreattentionto.【答案】38.Howgreatitwastoseehisson’sprogressinspiteofyearsofhardwork!39.Hefeltproud.40.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了作者見到了一個(gè)幾乎不能說(shuō)話的兒子和他的父親，了解到他們之間的感人故事。從而引發(fā)了作者對(duì)自己和父親之間關(guān)系的思考，讓我們感嘆父愛的偉大。【38題詳解】考查推理判斷。根據(jù)劃線句子“whatapleasureitwastoseealloftheyearsofhardworkpayoff.(看到這么多年的辛勤工作得到回報(bào)是多么令人高興)”可推知，此處指父親看到孩子經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的治療取得的進(jìn)步感到欣慰。故答案為Howgreatitwastoseehisson’sprogressinspiteofyearsofhardwork!【39題詳解】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二自然段“Thosetearsconveyedhowproudhewasofhisson.(這些眼淚表達(dá)了他對(duì)兒子的驕傲)”可知，這位父親感到很驕傲。故答案為Hefeltproud?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Ibelievethefeelingsheldbyallawesomefathers—theirhardwork,theirlove,theirpride,andtheirtearsoflove-areallthesame.(我相信所有了不起的父親所擁有的情感——他們的辛勤工作、他們的愛、他們的驕傲和他們的愛之淚——都是一樣的)”可知，這是本文的主旨句。本文就是要通過(guò)這對(duì)父子之間的故事說(shuō)明父愛是無(wú)條件的、是偉大的、是動(dòng)人的。故選A。CChinesesprinterSuBingtiancalledhimselfoneofthebiggestbeneficiariesofsportexchangebetweenChinaandtheWesternworldinaninterviewwithChinaNewsService(CNS).31-year-oldSumadehistoryintheTokyoOlympicsbysettingthenewAsianrecordformen’s100mat9.83secondsinthesemifinalandfinishingsixthinthefinalat9.98seconds.ThereusedtobethebiasedviewthatnoAsiansprintercanfinish100mwithin10seconds.Suprovedpeoplewrongwithhisperformance.“Ineverthoughtwecouldn’tdoit,buttherehavebeensomeproblemswithourconceptoftrainingthewholetime.Nowwediditbyfinishingat9.83seconds.That’sbestprooftobeatsuchprejudice,”saidSutoCNS.SuBingtianofChinacelebratesafterfinishingmen’s100msemifinalat9.83secondsintheTokyoOlympicsattheOlympicStadiuminTokyo,Japan,AugustI,2021./CFPSubelievesscientifictrainingplaysakeyroleinhissuccess.“Irealizedthatrunningasmuchaspossibledoesnotnecessarilyhelpyourunfaster.Scientifictrainingattachesmoreimportancetoapplyingoftechniqueandrequiresyoutodoitrightinsteadofdoingitalot.Inthatway,athletescansavemorestrengthintrainingandrecoverfaster,”saidSu.AccordingtoSu,hedidnotunderstandsomeofthemovescoachesaskedhimtodowhenhewenttotrainabroadatthebeginning.Ittookhimyearstorealizetheimportanceofscientifictraining,especiallystaminaallocation(耐力分配)，aswellashowtodoitonthefield.“That’swhyIchosetochangehowIstartedoffattheendof2014andacquiredanewrunningpace,”saidSu.SuandhisAmericancoachRandyHuntingtonbegantocooperatein2017.HuntingtonmadedetailedanalysisofSu’sconditionbasedon“championmodel”fromthestartbeforearrangingspecifictrainingsessionsforSutoworkon.Susaidthatplayedakeyroleintheprocessofhimmakingbreakthrough.Whenaskediftherewillbeanother“SuBingtian”inthefuture,Su’sanswerwas“Yes,100percent.”“PeopleinthefuturecandefinitelydowhatIcando.I’mlookingforwardtoseeingiftheycandoitbetterthanme.Allrecordsaretobebroken,”saidSu.41.AccordingtoParagraph2,whatwasthesignificanceofSu’sachievement?42.WhydidSuchangehiswayoftraining?A.Becausecoachesaskedhimtodosowhenhewenttotrainabroad.B.BecausecoachesanalyzedSu’sconditionbasedon“championmodel”.C.Becausehegraspedthesignificanceandmethodsofscientifictraining.D.Becausehewantedtosavemorestrengthintrainingandrecoverfaster.43.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?APeoplewilldothesameasSuBingtiandid.B.NobodywilldowhatSuBingtianhasdone.C.SuBingtianwantstoseewhowillbreakhisrecord.D.SuBingtianthinkssomeonewilldobetterthanhim.44.Givethispassageatitle.【答案】41.ThesignificanceofSu’sachievementisthatSubecamethefirstAsiantofinishthemen’s100mraceat9.83secondsandhisachievementprovesthatAsiansprintercanfinish100mwithin10seconds.42.C43.D44.ThefirstAsiantofinishthemen’s100mracewithin10seconds【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。短跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員蘇炳添在東京奧運(yùn)會(huì)上以秒的成績(jī)打破了亞洲紀(jì)錄，成為第一個(gè)在十秒內(nèi)跑完100米的亞洲人，打破了人們認(rèn)為亞洲人天生就不可能在西方長(zhǎng)期主宰的項(xiàng)目上取得成功的偏見?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“31-year-oldSumadehistoryintheTokyoOlympicsbysettingthenewAsianrecordformen’s100mat9.83secondsinthesemifinalandfinishingsixthinthefinalat9.98seconds.ThereusedtobethebiasedviewthatnoAsiansprintercanfinish100mwithin10seconds.Suprovedpeoplewrongwithhisperformance.(31歲的蘇炳天在東京奧運(yùn)會(huì)上創(chuàng)造了歷史，他在半決賽中以9秒83的成績(jī)創(chuàng)造了男子100米的亞洲新紀(jì)錄，在決賽中以9秒98的成績(jī)名列第六。過(guò)去有一種偏見，認(rèn)為亞洲短跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員不可能在10秒內(nèi)跑完100米。蘇用他的表現(xiàn)證明人們錯(cuò)了。)”可知蘇的成就的意義在于成功地證明了亞洲短跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員也可以在100米賽跑中表現(xiàn)出色。故答案為ThesignificanceofSu’sachievementisthatSubecamethefirstAsiantofinishthemen’s100mraceat9.83secondsandhisachievementprovesthatAsiansprintercanfinish100mwithin10seconds.【42題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段“Ittookhimyearstorealizetheimportanceofscientifictraining,especiallystaminaallocation(耐力分配)，aswellashowtodoitonthefield.“That’swhyIchosetochangehowIstartedoffattheendof2014andacquiredanewrunningpace,”saidSu.(他花了很多年才意識(shí)到科學(xué)訓(xùn)練的重要性，尤其是耐力分配，以及如何在球場(chǎng)上做到這一點(diǎn)。“這就是為什么我選擇在2014年底改變我的跑步方式，獲得了一個(gè)新的跑步速度?！碧K說(shuō)。)”可知蘇之所以改變訓(xùn)練方式，是因?yàn)樗莆樟丝茖W(xué)訓(xùn)練的意義和方法。故選C項(xiàng)。【43題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段““PeopleinthefuturecandefinitelydowhatIcando.I’mlookingforwardtoseeingiftheycandoitbetterthanme.Allrecordsaretobebroken,”saidSu.(“將來(lái)的人一定能做我能做的事。我期待著看他們是否能比我做得更好。所有的記錄都會(huì)被打破?！碧K說(shuō)。)”可知蘇相信在將來(lái)一定有人會(huì)比他做得得更好。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“31-year-oldSumadehistoryintheTokyoOlympicsbysettingthenewAsianrecordformen’s100mat9.83secondsinthesemifinalandfinishingsixthinthefinalat9.98seconds.ThereusedtobethebiasedviewthatnoAsiansprintercanfinish100mwithin10seconds.Suprovedpeoplewrongwithhisperformance.(31歲的蘇炳天在東京奧運(yùn)會(huì)上創(chuàng)造了歷史，他在半決賽中以9秒83的成績(jī)創(chuàng)造了男子100米的亞洲新紀(jì)錄，在決賽中以9秒98的成績(jī)名列第六。過(guò)去有一種偏見，認(rèn)為亞洲短跑運(yùn)動(dòng)員不可能在10秒內(nèi)跑完100米。蘇用他的表現(xiàn)證明人們錯(cuò)了。)”以及全文的內(nèi)容可知文章主要在圍繞著蘇炳天打破100男子短跑紀(jì)錄的意義及原因所展開，所以ThefirstAsiantofinishthemen’s100mracewithin10seconds(第一位在10秒內(nèi)完成男子100米比賽的亞洲選手)符合文意。故文章的題目為ThefirstAsiantofinishthemen’s100mracewithin10seconds。DInourfiercelycompetitivesociety,achievementhasbecomethetoppriorityformany.Accordingtonationalsurveyof10,000students,almost80percentofyouthidentifiedindividualachievementorhappinessasmostimportanttothem,whileonly20percentselectedcaringforothers.Ouryouthoftenstrivetobesuccessfulevenifitcomesatacosttotheirmentalhealth,whichmayhelpexplainincreasingratesofanxietyanddepressionamongtheyouth.Actually,youthattitudesaboutachievementstartwithadults.Youngpeoplefollowinthefootstepsofadults.Theycanseehowwetreatsuccessandproductivityassymbolsofhonor.Werewardtheyouthforbeingstraight-Astudents.Weencouragethemtoboosttheirresumeswithendlessextracurricularactivities.Wemaytellourchildrenthatwevaluekindnessandempathy(共情)butdonotalwayspromotethesevalueswiththesameenthusiasmandefforts.Ourcurrentobsessionwithachievementislikelyfuelinganxietywhiledamagingthefabricofoursociety.Ifwewanttohealindividuallyandcollectivelythenweneedtoexaminesomerelationships.Thisprocessstartsbyrecognizingthatsuccessisnotequaltosustainedhappiness.Itmakesmoresensetoachievewiththeaimofmakingapositivecontributiontothelifeofothers.Ifyoujudgesuccessonlybyindividualmeasuressuchasmoney,power,orfame,youwillprobablybedisappointed.Furthermore,let’sbreakthemyththatkindnessisabarriertoachievement.Thereisafalsestatementthatkindnessisweakness.However,theoppositeistrue.Evidencesuggeststhatchildrenwhocareforothersachievemorethanthosewhodonot.Kindnessandachievementarenotmutuallyexclusive.Onecanstrivetoachievetheirindividualgoalsandbekindtoothers.Ourdrivetoachieveisnotnecessarilyabadthing.Itcanhaveapositiveimpactonthelivesofothers.Theproblemoccurswhenwepursuesuccessonlyforindividualpurposes.Thismayultimatelycomeatacosttoourmentalhealth,ourlovedones,andsociety.45.Theauthorpresentssomedatatoshowthat________.46.WecanlearnfromParagraph4that.A.achievementdamagesthesociety B.successmeanssustainedhappinessC.abarriertoachievementisweakness D.kindnesshelpspeopletoachievemore47.Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthormainlyintendtoexplain?A.Achievementisthemostimportant.B.Therearemanyreasonsforsuccess.C.Onlyaimingatindividualgoalscausesproblems.D.Pursuingsuccesshasbothbadandgoodinfluences.48.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthedesiretoachieve?A.Skeptical. B.Objective.C.Approving. D.Pessimistic.【答案】45.achievementisrankedtop46.D47.C48.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了年輕人對(duì)成功狂熱的原因、危害以及解決方案?！?5題詳解】考查推理判斷。根據(jù)文章第一段“Accordingtonationalsurveyof10,000students,almost80percentofyouthidentifiedindividualachievementorhappinessasmostimportanttothem,whileonly20percentselectedcaringforothers.(根據(jù)一項(xiàng)針對(duì)1萬(wàn)名學(xué)生的全國(guó)性調(diào)查，近80%的年輕人認(rèn)為個(gè)人成就或幸福對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)最重要，而只有20%的人選擇關(guān)心他人。)”可推斷，作者是通過(guò)展示一些數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)證明在我們競(jìng)爭(zhēng)激烈的社會(huì)中，成就已成為許多人的頭等大事，成就是排名第一的事。故答案為achievementisrankedtop。46題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Furthermore,let’sbreakthemyththatkindnessisabarriertoachievement.Thereisafalsestatementthatkindnessisweakness.However,theoppositeistrue.(此外，讓我們打破善良是成就的障礙的神話。有一種錯(cuò)誤的說(shuō)法，善良就是軟弱。然而，事實(shí)恰恰相反。)”可知，善良幫助人們獲得更多。故選D?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Ouryouthoftenstrivetobesuccessfulevenifitcomesatacosttotheirmentalhealth,whichmayhelpexplainincreasingratesofanxietyanddepressionamongtheyouth.(我們的年輕人經(jīng)常努力取得成功，即使這以犧牲他們的心理健康為代價(jià)，這可能有助于解釋為什么年輕人中焦慮和抑郁的比例越來(lái)越高。)”和最后一段“Theproblemoccurswhenwepursuesuccessonlyforindividualpurposes.Thismayultimatelycomeatacosttoourmentalhealth,ourlovedones,andsociety.(當(dāng)我們只為個(gè)人目的追求成功時(shí)，問(wèn)題就出現(xiàn)了。這最終可能會(huì)以我們的心理健康、我們所愛的人和社會(huì)為代價(jià)。)”及全文可推斷，作者主要想解釋只著眼于個(gè)人目的會(huì)導(dǎo)致問(wèn)題。故選C?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Ourdrivetoachieveisnotnecessarilyabadthing.Itcanhaveapositiveimpactonthelivesofothers.Theproblemoccurswhenwepursuesuccessonlyforindividualpurposes.Thismayultimatelycomeatacosttoourmentalhealth,ourlovedones,andsociety.(我們追求成就的動(dòng)力不一定是壞事。它可以對(duì)其他人的生活產(chǎn)生積極的影響。當(dāng)我們只為個(gè)人目的追求成功時(shí)，問(wèn)題就出現(xiàn)了。這最終可能會(huì)以我們的心理健康、我們所愛的人以及社會(huì)為代價(jià)。)”可知，作者對(duì)實(shí)現(xiàn)愿望的態(tài)度是不帶個(gè)人情感的、客觀的。故選B。ETolearntothinkistolearntoquestion.Thosewhodon’tquestionnevertrulythinkforthemselves.Thesearesimplerulesthathavegovernedtheadvancementofscienceandhumanthoughtsincethebeginningoftime.Advancementsaremadewhenthinkersquestiontheoriesandintroducenewones.Unfortunately,itisoftenthegreatandrespectedthinkerswhoendupslowingtheprogressofhumanthought.Aristotlewasabrilliantphilosopherwhosetheoriesexplainedmuchofthenaturalworld,oftenincorrectly.Hewassoesteermed(敬重)bythescientificcommunitythateven1,200yearsafterhisdeath,scientistswerestilltryingtobuilduponhismistakesratherthancorrectthem!Brilliantmindscanfrightenup-and-comingthinkerswhoarenotconfidentoftheirabilities.TheyoftenbelievetheyareinferiortothemindsofgiantssuchasAristotle,leadingmanytoacceptcurrentparadigms(范例)insteadofquestioningthem.I,likemanythinkersofthepast,oncebelievedinmymentalinferiority.Butthatattitudesoonchanged.Mymind’sindependencewasfirststimulatedintheclassroom.Astern65-year-oldelementaryschoolscienceteacheroncetoldmethatlightisatypeofwave.Iconfidentlywentthroughyearsofschoolbelievingthatlightisawave.Oneday,howeverIheardtheGermanexchangestudentmentionthatlightcouldbemadeupofparticles.Astheotherslaughedathisstatement,Istartedtoquestionmybeliefs.Maybetheteachersandtextbookshadn’tgivenmethewholestory.Iwenttothelibrary,didsomeresearchandlearnedofthelight-as-a-waveversuslight-as-a-particledebate.IreadaboutEinstein’sdiscoveryofthedualnatureoflightandlearnedthefactsofaparadox(悖論)thatpuzzlestheworld’sgreatestthinkerstoth