西安小吃的英文翻譯

西安小吃的英文翻譯

鐘樓

Belltower大雁塔

Bigwildgoosepagoda

兵馬俑

EmperorQin'sterra-cottawarriorsandhorses

回民街

HUIminoritystreet羊肉泡饃

crudedpancakeinmuttonsoup

涼皮

coldricenoodles湯圓

sweetdumpling

肉夾饃

chinesehamburger燒餅Clayovenrolls

油條Friedbreadstick韭菜盒Friedleekdumplings

水餃Boileddumplings蒸餃Steameddumplings

飯團(tuán)Riceandvegetableroll皮蛋100-yearegg

咸鴨蛋Saltedduckegg豆?jié){Soybeanmilk

糯米飯Glutinousrice鹵肉飯Braisedporkrice

蛋炒飯F(tuán)riedricewithegg地瓜粥Sweetpotatocongee

餛飩面Wonton&noodles刀削面Slicednoodles

麻辣面Spicyhotnoodles麻醬面Sesamepastenoodles

米粉Ricenoodles炒米粉Friedricenoodles

魚丸湯Fishballsoup紫菜湯Seaweedsoup

酸辣湯Sweet&soursoup餛飩湯Wontonsoup糖葫蘆Tomatoesonsticks長壽桃LongevityPeaches

芝麻球Glutinousricesesameballs麻花Hempflowers

豆花Tofupudding牡蠣煎Oysteromelet

臭豆腐Stinkytofu(Smellytofu)油豆腐Oilybeancurd

麻辣豆腐Spicyhotbeancurd蝦片Prawncracker蝦球Shrimpballs春卷Springrolls

蛋卷Chickenrolls碗糕Saltyricepudding紅豆糕Redbeancake綠豆糕Beanpastecake糯米糕Glutinousricecakes蘿卜糕Friedwhiteradishpatty

芋頭糕Tarocake肉丸Rice-meatdumplings

豆干Driedtofu火鍋Hotpot

TheHuaqingHotspringGoodmorning,ladiesandgentlemen.Nowweareinthefamousimperialpark-HuaqingHotspring.ItislocatedatthefootofMt.Lishan,about35kilometerseastofXi’an.Becauseitwasanaturalhotspring,itbecameaveryfamousscenicspot.AheadofusistheMt.Lishan,abranchofQinlingrange.Itiscoveredwithpinesandcypressesandlooksverymuchlikeadarkgreengallopinghorsefromalongdistance.InancientHaveyounoticedthelittletoweronthetopofthishill?ThisisthefamousRemainsofabeacontowerfromthewesternZhoudynastyover3000yearsago.Therearetwofamoussayingsrelatedwithit:“asinglesmilecosts1000piecesofgold”and“thesovereignrulersarefooledbythebeaconfire”.Well,let’scomebacktotheHuaqingHotspring.Historically,duringthewesternZhouDynasty,astonepoolwasbuiltandwasgiventhenameofLishantang.ThesitewasenlargedintoabiggerpalaceduringtheHanDynasty,andwasrenamedLiPalace.DuringtheTangDynasty,EmperorXuanzonghadawalledpalacebuiltaroundtheLiHill.ItwasknownasHuaqingPlace.Asweknow,theHuaqingHallwasdestroyedattheendoftheTangdynasty,andwhatisopentothepublictoday,wasrebuiltafterwardsaccordingtotheTangdynastystyleontheoriginalsite.Youseealltheconstructionherewasrebuiltin1959,soitlooksnew.Enteringfromthewestgate,weseetheninedragonpool.Infrontofitisthefrostflyinghall.InTangdynasty,emperorXuanZongandhisfavoriteconcubineladyYangusedtomaketheirhomeheresinceitwascoldinthecapitalChang’an.Itwassaidthatthesteamwentstraightup,whenitmetthecoldair,itturnedintofrost.Thenyoucanseethefrostflyinginthewindverybeautiful.Therefore,itgotitsname---thefrostflyingHall.Nowlet’slookatthesecondpart－HuaqingImperialpoolmuseumwhichwasdiscoveredinApril,1982.Asyousee,theruinsofthe5imperialpoolsaretheCrabapplepool,theLotusflowerPool,theShangShiPooltheCrownPrincePoolandtheStarPool.TheCrabapplePoolwastheprivatebathingpoolforladyYangherself.AndthelotusflowerpoolwastheprivatebathingpoolforemperorXuanZonghimself.ShangshiPool,wasthepublicbathingpoolforthehighrankingofficialsinthecourt.AsfortheStarPool,itwassaidthatemperorTaizong,likedtobathhereverymuch.Thespringwatercontainslotsofminerals,whichmakesitsuitableforbathingandishelpfulforcuringsomediseases.Sopeoplealllikeitverymuchandmaybethisisthereasonwhymanyrulerschosethisplaceasacapitalinwinters.HuaqingHotSpringisnotonlyfamousforitsancienthistory,butalsoforitsmodernhistory.Nowpleasefollowmetothefive-roomhallwheretheXi’anIncidenttookplace.TheXi’anincidenthappenedonDecember12,1936,thetwogreatgenerals,ZhangxueliangandYanghucheng,tookarmedremonstrancetoforcejiangjieshi,ChinaNationalist’sleader,tofightagainsttheJapaneseinvaderswhenChinawasindanger.ThisisthefamousXi’anincidents.InthethirdroomHall,youcanalsoseesomepicturesandthecontemporarynewspapers,theywelldescribedthedetailsabouttheXi’anIncident.PleaselookatthatpavilionhalfwayupLiHill.ThatwasbuiltbyoneofChiang’sfavoritegeneralsinordertocommemoratethisincident.Originally,thispavilionwasnamedJusticePavilion.After1949,itwasrenamedCatching-ChiangPavilion.Nowithasthename“theRemonstrationPavilion”.Ironchainsandringsareavailableallthewayuptothecreviceeastofthepavilionbywhichvisitorscanclimbupandtakealookathisshelter.Aftervisitingthefiveroomhall,hereweareinthePeargarden.ThisisthebirthplaceofChineseoperas.Over1300yearsago,emperorxuanzong-thegreatmusicianandLadyYang---thegreatdancerestablishedJiaoFang---theimperialmusicanddanceschoolrighthere.Theynotonlytaughttheboysandgirlsmusicanddance,butalsocomposedmusicandpracticeddancesby這6個(gè)小石坑是古代官員的一種按摩工具。尚食湯的官員就是我們現(xiàn)在俗話所說的給皇帝做飯的御廚們，他們成天跑來跑去侍侯皇上用膳，腳上已經(jīng)磨了一層厚厚的繭子。但是皇帝明文規(guī)定：“他們的手是用來給我做飯的，因此不能用手去動(dòng)其它的地方，更不能用手去搓腳后跟的厚繭了”。腳上長了厚繭，非常難受，怎么辦呢？他們就在洗澡的時(shí)候坐在臺(tái)階下面，自己挖了6個(gè)小石坑，把腳后跟與腳前掌放入石坑里面進(jìn)行按摩，洗澡的時(shí)候就舒服多了。在挖掘這些湯池的同時(shí)，也出土了大量的文物，都陳列在這里的文物陳列廳中，并分期、分室展出。史前時(shí)期主要出土了一些勞動(dòng)工具和生活器皿。主要有石斧，骨針，石銼和骨簇。他們都是6000多年以前姜寨先民所使用過的勞動(dòng)工具和生活器皿。最具特色的要數(shù)這個(gè)尖底瓶，它屬于新石器時(shí)代母系氏族公社時(shí)期的一種文物。這兩個(gè)石質(zhì)管道是秦時(shí)的兩個(gè)管道，距今已有2000多年，它們都是用完整的石頭鑿刻而成的。當(dāng)時(shí)的溫泉水就是用這種管道輸送的。我們經(jīng)常說到“秦磚漢瓦”，這里就陳列著寒帶的兩個(gè)大瓦當(dāng)。瓦當(dāng)有兩個(gè)作用：一個(gè)保護(hù)椽頭，防止雨水侵蝕和腐朽；第二個(gè)是起裝飾作用。從這片瓦當(dāng)，我們可以想象到當(dāng)時(shí)皇家建筑的宏偉高大。隋唐時(shí)期是我國的鼎盛時(shí)期，因此這個(gè)展室的文物就有所不同了。我們首先看到的這件文物是從蓮花湯池出土的唐三彩龍頭。唐三彩是唐代文物的一大代表，“三彩”一詞并不專指三種顏色，而是指帶有多種色釉的陶器。這個(gè)龍頭是從御湯九龍殿中挖掘出土的，也代表皇帝就是真龍?zhí)熨Y。我們現(xiàn)在看到的這個(gè)奇形怪狀的東西，就是龍生九子的三兒子——蠻吻。因?yàn)橄矚g站在高處眺望，所以人們把它建在屋脊上，這里有一組最具特色的浴具，大的叫陶翁，小的叫陶澗。陶翁是用來盛水的，陶澗是用來洗澡的，是專供太子洗澡的浴盆。這里還有一塊石頭，上面寫了許多文字，但是有一個(gè)字最明顯，寫的是“楊”字，這塊石頭是從海棠湯中挖掘出土的，進(jìn)一步證明了海棠湯就是楊貴妃當(dāng)年沐浴的長堤。我們現(xiàn)在看到的這組壁畫是唐代的《打馬球圖》，它形象地再現(xiàn)了唐代馬球比賽時(shí)緊張拼搏的場面。馬球運(yùn)動(dòng)起源于波斯，唐時(shí)傳入，風(fēng)行于宮廷。上至皇帝，小至文物百官，甚至連婦女都喜愛此項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)。唐代的宮廷禁苑都建有馬球場，有些貴族官僚還有自己的馬球場。唐代以后馬球運(yùn)動(dòng)遍流行全國，直到明朝末年才衰敗失傳。石刻碑室部分陳列的都是文人墨客和大師描寫一些贊美華清池和溫泉水源的頌詞。最著名的一塊碑石就是溫州刺史元萇書寫的溫泉頌碑.元萇當(dāng)時(shí)來華清池向皇帝啟奏一些政事,有一個(gè)大臣賜他在溫泉中沐浴，當(dāng)時(shí)那時(shí)的等級(jí)不是很高.但是當(dāng)他洗過以后，感覺非常好,馬上寫下一篇<溫泉頌>刻在碑石上便于保存.此碑距今已有1370年的歷史,被列為我國132塊禁拓碑之一.御湯博物館的參觀我們到這里就結(jié)束了,轉(zhuǎn)瞬之間我們就走過了史前時(shí)期,秦,漢,隋,唐的鼎盛時(shí)期。我們用感官感覺到了歷史的沉重和我們中華民族的偉大.下面我們就去看一下震驚中外的”西安事變”發(fā)生時(shí)蔣介石曾住過的五間廳。在參觀五間廳之前我們先來了解一下“西安事變”?！拔靼彩伦儭卑l(fā)生于１９３６年的１２月１２日，因此也稱為“雙十二事變”?！熬?、一八”事變后，日本侵占了我國東北三省，并不斷向我華東進(jìn)攻。在中華民族生死存亡的緊要關(guān)頭，蔣介石去不顧民族危亡，頑固推行他“攘外必先安內(nèi)”的錯(cuò)誤主張，把以張學(xué)良為首的東北軍調(diào)往西北與楊虎城為首的西北軍合并，并進(jìn)攻我陜甘寧邊區(qū)。在我黨“停止內(nèi)戰(zhàn)，一致抗日”的政策感召下，張楊兩將軍向蔣介石提出了聯(lián)共抗日的要求，哪知蔣介石非但無理拒絕，而且親自來陜西布置剿共。當(dāng)時(shí)蔣介石就下榻在五間廳中。因?yàn)樗形彘g房子，所以稱為“五間廳”第一間是蔣介石的秘書長肖乃華的辦公室，也就是他的秘書室；第二間是蔣介石的臥室。發(fā)生西安事變的時(shí)候，由于情況緊急，他一聽到槍聲，就趕忙從后窗跳出。由于他逃跑的時(shí)候比較匆忙，連假牙都沒有戴。當(dāng)時(shí)東北軍有一個(gè)戰(zhàn)士叫孫銘玖，他沖進(jìn)五間廳時(shí)，摸了一下蔣介石的被子，發(fā)現(xiàn)被褥尚有余溫，猜想他肯定沒有跑遠(yuǎn)，便立即搜山。終于在上午八點(diǎn)的時(shí)候把蔣介石從虎斑石處帶下來，送往西安；第三間是蔣介石的辦公室。在辦公室的左窗上還留有當(dāng)時(shí)“西安事變”時(shí)留下的彈痕；第四間是蔣介石的會(huì)議室。它也是一個(gè)秘密軍事會(huì)議室；最后一間是他的待從室。在五間廳的旁邊還有一個(gè)小型的建筑叫“三間廳”。它是當(dāng)時(shí)將孝宣的辦公室。1980年將其改名為文史資料室。當(dāng)時(shí)，由于東北軍是從左面沖上來的，因此這邊的戰(zhàn)斗先打響。我們從“三間廳”的玻璃和墻上可以找出當(dāng)時(shí)的彈痕。大家可以進(jìn)去看一下里邊的照片與文史資料?！拔靼彩伦儭蹦軌蚝推浇鉀Q，我們敬愛的周總理有著不可磨滅的功績?！拔靼彩伦儭卑l(fā)生以后，我黨應(yīng)張學(xué)良和楊虎城兩將軍的邀請，派周恩來同志為首的中共中央代表團(tuán)親臨西安。代表團(tuán)到達(dá)西安以后，堅(jiān)決執(zhí)行黨中央和毛主席提出和平解決“西安事變”的重要指示，為和平解決“西安事變”做了大量的工作，終于迫使蔣介石在12月25日那天，在“停止內(nèi)戰(zhàn)，一致抗日”的協(xié)議書上簽字。12月26日護(hù)送蔣介石回南京，“西安事變”得到了和平解決。“西安事變”的和平解決結(jié)束了國共十年內(nèi)戰(zhàn)的局面，促進(jìn)了抗日民族統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線的形成和發(fā)展，也是現(xiàn)代歷史上的偉大轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)。今天，海峽兩岸的炎黃子孫祈求祖國統(tǒng)一，骨肉團(tuán)聚的呼聲也是歷史的趨勢和必然?！拔靼彩伦儭卑l(fā)生以后，國民黨的高級(jí)將領(lǐng)胡宗南為紀(jì)念蔣介石在此蒙難，修建了一個(gè)灰白色的水泥亭子。開始時(shí)亭子取名為“總統(tǒng)蒙難亭”，后又改為“民族復(fù)興亭”，也叫做“正氣亭”。當(dāng)?shù)氐睦习傩辗Q其為“捉將亭”。但是為了緩和海峽兩岸的關(guān)系，1986年正式更名為“兵諫亭”。好了，今天我們?nèi)A清池的參觀就到此結(jié)束了。謝謝大家！HuaqingPoolissituatedabout35kilometreseastofthecityofXi’an.Historically,theWesternZhoudynastysawtheconstructionoftheLiPalaceonthespot.IntheQindynastyapoolwasbuiltwithstones,andwasgiventhenameLishanTang(theLishanHotSpring).ThesitewasextendedintoapalaceintheHandynasty,andrenamedtheLiPalace(theResortPalace).IntheTangdynasty,LiShimin(EmperorTaiZong)orderedtoconstructtheHotSpringPalace,andEmperorXuanZonghadawalledpalacebuiltaroundLishanMountainintheyearof747.ItwasknownastheHuaqingPoolislocatedatthefootoftheLishanMountain,abranchrangeoftheQinlingRanges,andstands1,256metreshigh.Itiscoveredwithpinesandcypresses,lookingverymuchlikealikeadarkgreengallopinghorsefromalongdistance.SoithasthenameoftheLishanTheTangdynastyEmperorXuanZongandhisfavouritelady,YangGuiFeiusedtomaketheirhomeatFrostDriftingHallinwinterdays.Whenwintercame,snowflakeswerefloatingintheair,andeverythinginsightwaswhite.However,theycameintothawimmediatelyinfrontofthehall.Itowedagreatdealtothelukewarmvapourrisingoutofthehotspring.ThisistheFrostDriftingHallthatgreetsustoday.ClosebytheFrostDriftingHallliestheNineDragonPool.Accordingtolegend,theCentralShaanxiPlainwasoncestrickenbyaseveredroughtintheveryremotepast.Thus,bytheorderoftheJadeEmperor(theSupremeDeityofHeaven),anolddragoncameattheheadofeightyoungones,andmaderainhere.Yetwhenthedisasterwasjustabating,theyloweredtheirguardsomuchthatitbecameseriousagain.Inafitofanger,theJadeEmperorkepttheyoungdragonsundertheJadeCauseWay(玉堤),withtheMorningGlowPavilionandtheSunsetPavilionbuiltatbothendsofitrespectively,tomaketheyoungdragonsspoutcleatwateralldaylongtomeettheneedsoflocalirrigation.Besides,hehadtheolddragonconfinedtothebottomoftheRoaringDragonWatersidePavilionsituatedattheupperendoftheJadeCauseway,andobligedhimtoexercisecontrolovertheyoung.TheNine-BendCorridorwestoftheNineDragonPoolleadsdirectlytotheMarbleBoat,whichresemblesadragonboatonthewatersurface.IntheMarbleBoatliestheNineDragonTang(theNineDragonHotSpringwhereEmperorXuanZongusedtotakebaths).Attheheadofhiscourtladiesandhundredsofhisofficials,hewouldcometotheHuanqingTheGuiFeiBathingPoolwaswhereYangGuiFei,EmperorXuanZong’sfavoritelady,usedtotakebath.Itwasoriginallybuiltwithwhitejade,andinitscenterabloomingflowerspoutedwaterlikeaspring.ThepoollookedverymuchlikeaChinesefloweringcrabapple;HenceitsnametheChineseFloweringCrabappleHotSpringortheLotusHotSpring..LadyYangusedtomakeastayinthispaviliontoseesightsortoairherhairafterabath.Therefore,itwasnamedtheHairAiringPavilion.Whetherthesunwasrisingorsetting,thepavilionwasaglowwithsunshine;hencethenametheFlyingRoseatePavilion.SouthwestoftheGuiFeiBathingPoolstandsabrick-builtpavilion.OnitsheadthreebigChinesecharacters“XiJiaLou”(FineSunset-BathedPavilion)areinscribedaccordingtothemodelofthemostcelebratedaccordingtothemodelofthemostcelebratedChinesecalligrapher,YuYouRen,hereisthesourceofthespringwater.Atthisspatherearefourhotsprings.Theyhaveanhourlyflowof112tons,andaconstanttemperatureof43°C.Thespringwatercontainslime,sodiumcarbonate,sodiumsulphateandotherminerals,whichmakesitsuitableforbathingandconsiderabletreatmentofquiteafewdiseasessuchasdermatosis,rheumatism,arthritisandmuscularpain.TheFineSunset-BathedPavilionmarksthefirstsourceofthespringwater,whichwasdiscoveredsome3,000yearsago,roughlyintheWesternZhouDynasty.Itswaterflowaverages25tonsperhour.Takeupthestepseastofthesourceofhotsprings,youwillgraduallyseetheFive-RoomPavilionwhereChiangKaishekmadeatemporarystayduringtheXi’anIncident.TheXi’anIncidenttookplaceonDecember12,1936,anditisalsoknownastheDoubleTwelfthIncident.AftertheIncidentofSeptember18,1936,theJapaneseimperialistsseizedthethreeprovincesnortheastofChina,andintensif