英語(yǔ)翻譯實(shí)踐14旅游

Translation

ofTourismWritings旅游翻譯Contents一、旅游翻譯的性質(zhì)和原則二、旅游問(wèn)題對(duì)比三、翻譯過(guò)程與策略四、常用翻譯技巧旅游翻譯的性質(zhì)和原則旅游翻譯是對(duì)一切旅游語(yǔ)言文字資料的翻譯，包括：景點(diǎn)介紹、宣傳廣告、告示標(biāo)牌、畫

冊(cè)、楹聯(lián)解說(shuō)等。旅游資料的功能：傳遞信息；誘導(dǎo)行動(dòng)英漢文化差異決定了旅游翻譯應(yīng)關(guān)注原文與譯文間信息內(nèi)容和交際功能的對(duì)等，而不是語(yǔ)言形式的對(duì)應(yīng)，更不是展示原語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言文化的舞臺(tái)。英漢旅游文體對(duì)比行文習(xí)慣不同文化淵源不一英漢旅游文體對(duì)比1.

行文習(xí)慣不同英語(yǔ)：風(fēng)格簡(jiǎn)約、通俗客觀（重信息準(zhǔn)確性和語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)潔實(shí)用）漢語(yǔ)：華美壯麗、濃筆重彩（重文辭與韻律，追求意境，即重主觀性，喜歡將個(gè)人感觸寫進(jìn)景物描寫 中國(guó)田園與山水詩(shī)學(xué)文化傳統(tǒng)英漢旅游文體對(duì)比1.行文習(xí)慣不同比較：Rough,

black

rocks

of

lava

just

out

of

the

wateralong

parts

of

the

coastline.

In

some

places,

cliffsrise

almost

straight

from

the

water’s

edge.

Alongthe

gentle

sloping

land

areas

to

the

southeast

arebeaches

ofyellow,

whiteand

blacksands.——

Hawaii沿錦繡谷傍絕壁懸崖修筑的石級(jí)便道游覽，可謂“路盤松頂上，穿云破霧出。天風(fēng)拂衣襟，縹緲一身輕”。谷中千巖競(jìng)秀，萬(wàn)壑回縈；斷崖天成，石林挺秀，峭壁峰壑如雄獅長(zhǎng)嘯，如猛虎躍澗，似捷猿攀登，似仙翁盤坐，栩栩如生。一路景色如錦繡畫卷，令人陶醉?！獜]山錦繡谷Rough,

black

rocks

of

lava

just

out

of

the

wateralong

parts

of

the

coastline.

In

some

places,

cliffsrise

almost

straight

from

the

water’s

edge.

Alongthe

gentle

sloping

land

areas

to

the

southeast

arebeaches

of

yellow,

white

and

black

sands.——

Hawaii部分海岸巉巖疊嶂，熔巖烏黑，斷崖絕壁破水而出。而有的地方則海濱坡地平緩，沙灘連綿，一路伸向東南。那里黃沙似金，白沙似銀，黑沙如鉛，煞是好看。英漢旅游文體對(duì)比1.行文習(xí)慣不同再如：The

youngest

of

the

Rocky

Mountains,

the

TetonRange

is

a

spectacular

sight.

Enhanced

by

glaciers,deep

canyons,

snowfields,

and

lakes,

the

rangeshoots

upsuddenly,

with

nofoothills

around

it.——

Grand

Teton

National

Park進(jìn)入山中，重巒疊嶂，古木參天；峰回路轉(zhuǎn)，云斷橋連；澗深谷幽，天光一線；靈猴嬉戲，琴蛙奏彈；奇花鋪徑，別有洞天。春季萬(wàn)物萌動(dòng)，郁郁蔥蔥；夏季百花爭(zhēng)艷，姹紫嫣紅；秋季紅葉滿山，五彩繽紛；冬季銀裝素裹，白雪皚皚?！\繡峨眉英漢旅游文體對(duì)比1.

行文習(xí)慣不同并非所有的漢語(yǔ)旅游景點(diǎn)介紹都用散文風(fēng)格：武陵源風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)位于湖南省張家界市，總面積264平方公里，由張家界國(guó)家森林公園、索溪峪和天子山等幾大景區(qū)組成。主要景觀為石英砂巖峰林地貌，境內(nèi)共有3103座奇峰，姿態(tài)萬(wàn)千，蔚為壯觀。加之溝壑縱橫，溪澗密布，森林茂密，人跡罕至，森里覆蓋率85%，植被覆蓋率99%，中、高等植物3000余種，喬木樹(shù)種

700余種，可供觀賞園林花卉多達(dá)450種，陸生脊椎動(dòng)物50科116種?！淞暝达L(fēng)景名勝區(qū)英漢旅游文體對(duì)比2.

文化淵源不一英漢這種文體的不同根源在于英漢兩種文化淵源的差異：包括心理、思維、審美、歷史等。中華美學(xué)強(qiáng)調(diào)“意境”，追求客觀景物與主觀情感的和諧融洽、渾然一體。中國(guó)詩(shī)學(xué)歷來(lái)講究遣詞造句，追求工整對(duì)仗，喜用四六駢文。（天人合一）西方哲學(xué)主張“客主分離”，強(qiáng)調(diào)模仿和再現(xiàn)，提倡“站在自然之外”去欣賞自然美景。故而

行文客觀簡(jiǎn)約。（天人各一）翻譯過(guò)程與策略理解原文實(shí)質(zhì)弄清原文內(nèi)涵發(fā)揮譯語(yǔ)優(yōu)勢(shì)翻譯過(guò)程與策略1.

理解原文實(shí)質(zhì)跳出原文字句之形，抓住作者交際意圖和語(yǔ)用用意，免落詞句對(duì)應(yīng)俗套。（譯意，非譯句）這里三千座奇峰拔地而起，形態(tài)各異，有的似玉柱神鞭，立地頂天；有的像銅墻鐵壁，巍然屹立；有的如晃板壘卵，搖搖欲墜；有的若盆景古董，剔透玲瓏……神奇而又真實(shí)，迷離而又實(shí)在，不是藝術(shù)創(chuàng)造勝似藝術(shù)創(chuàng)造，令人嘆為觀止。原譯：3000

crags

rise

in

various

shapes.They

are

likewhips

or

pillars

propping

up

the

sky;

or

huge

walls,solid

and

sound;or

immense

eggs

piled

on

an

unsteadyboarder;or

miniature

rocky

or

curios…Fantastic

butactual,dreamy

but

real!They

are

not

artistic

works,butmore

exquisite

than

artistic

works.One

can

not

helpmarveling

at

the

acme

of

perfection

of

Nature’s

creation.——《武陵源風(fēng)景》畫冊(cè)翻譯過(guò)程與策略1.

理解原文實(shí)質(zhì)跳出原文字句之形，抓住作者交際意圖和語(yǔ)用用意，免落詞句對(duì)應(yīng)俗套。（譯意，非譯句）這里三千座奇峰拔地而起，形態(tài)各異，有的似玉柱神鞭，立地頂天；有的像銅墻鐵壁，巍然屹立；有的如晃板壘卵，搖搖欲墜；有的若盆景古董，剔透玲瓏……神奇而又真實(shí)，迷離而又實(shí)在，不是藝術(shù)創(chuàng)造勝似藝術(shù)創(chuàng)造，令人嘆為觀止。改譯：3000

crags

rise

in

various

shapes—pillars,columns,

walls,

shaky

egg

stacks

andpottedfantasticlandscapes…—making

up

unforgettablyimages.對(duì)于久居在一個(gè)城市的人，放下經(jīng)年累月循環(huán)往復(fù)的工作，帶上家人，或約三兩好友，到百里千里之外的地方走走看看，總是最有吸引力的選擇。況且，又逢秋高氣爽的季節(jié)，每年國(guó)慶長(zhǎng)假讓人心馳神往的就是去外地有山水。不過(guò)在這樣的旅游旺季出門難免會(huì)碰到諸如車票、機(jī)票難買、住宿緊張或票價(jià)上漲、熱門景點(diǎn)人山人海等問(wèn)題，讓你有遭遇“人災(zāi)”的煩惱。所以，選定方向和地點(diǎn)，提前做好各種準(zhǔn)備，是保證出游好心情的關(guān)鍵。Getting

out

of

town

is

a

great

way

for

urban

residents

tocelebrate

the

National

Day

holiday,

especially

thosewho

want

to

spend

quality

time

with

their

families.

Butmany

people

will

have

the

same

idea

that

somedifficulties

such

as

a

shortage

of

train

tickets,

crowdedhotels

and

transit

depos

can

be

expected

with

your

trip.So

you’d

better

take

all

the

possibilities

intoconsideration

before

you

begin

your

tour.

Carefullydeveloping

a

travel

plan

can

ensure

you

a

better

trip.泰山風(fēng)景以壯麗著稱。壘疊的山勢(shì)，厚重的形體，蒼松巨石的烘托，云煙嵐光的變幻，使它在雄渾中兼有明麗，敬慕中透著神奇，成為我國(guó)山水名勝的集大成者。原譯：Mt.

Tai

is

well-known

for

its

magnificent

scenery.The

multi-layered

peaks

and

big

mountain

shape,together

with

hardy,

aged

pines,

huge

rocks,

beautifulclouds

and

mists,

make

it

look

vigorous

and

firm,

brightand

beautiful,

solemn

and

quiet,

mystical

and

wonderful.It

claims

to

be

an

epitome

of

famous

mountains

andscenic

spots

inChina.改譯：Mt.Tai

is

well-known

for

its

magnificent

scenery.Enhanced

by

its

layer-heaped

huge

mass,rocks,

aged

pines,and

clouds

and

mists

drifting

in

the

mountains,it

takes

in

the

best

of

landscapes

in

China.翻譯過(guò)程與策略2.

弄清原文內(nèi)涵漢譯英不能將漢語(yǔ)大段的華麗辭藻完全譯出；英譯漢也不能像英文那樣簡(jiǎn)潔平白。以譯入語(yǔ)讀者語(yǔ)言習(xí)慣、文化習(xí)慣、欣賞習(xí)慣為導(dǎo)向，抓住原文內(nèi)涵，大膽改譯。The

hub

of

public

life

in

the

“Pizza

San

Marco”(St.

Mark’s

Square)

where

tourists

and

citizens

sit

onthe

terraces

of

the

famous

Florian

and

Quadri

cafésto

listen

to

the

music,

dream

and

see

the

mosaics

ofSt.

Mark’s

glow

under

the

rays

of

the

setting

sun.The

Quadri

is

more

popular

but

the

Florian

is

thebest-known

café:

founded

in

1720,

it

has

receivedByron,

Goethe,

Musset

and

Wagner

within

itsmirrored

and

allegory-painted

walls.原譯：公眾生活的中心是圣馬可廣場(chǎng)，那兒游客和市民坐在廣場(chǎng)內(nèi)著名的弗洛里安和夸德里咖啡店里聆聽(tīng)音樂(lè)，夢(mèng)想著并觀望著圣馬可教堂的馬賽克在落日余暉下閃爍。夸德里咖啡店眾所周知，但建于1720年的弗洛里安咖啡店則更出名：在那墻上鑲有鏡子和畫有寓言壁畫的地方曾接待過(guò)拜倫、歌德、繆塞和瓦格納等人。改譯：圣馬可廣場(chǎng)是公眾的生活中心，游客和市民常坐在廣場(chǎng)內(nèi)著名的弗洛里安和夸德里咖啡店里，聆聽(tīng)著店內(nèi)的音樂(lè)，欣賞著夕陽(yáng)余暉下圣馬可教堂熠熠生輝的馬賽克墻面，恍然如夢(mèng)?？涞吕锟Х鹊觌m名揚(yáng)全城，卻不及弗洛里安咖啡店聲名顯赫：在這家四壁明鏡鑲嵌壁畫環(huán)繞的千年老店內(nèi)，自1720年開(kāi)店以來(lái)，先后接待過(guò)拜倫、歌德、繆塞和瓦格納等一大批文化名人。On

the

road

leading

from

central

Europe

to

the

Adriaticcoast

lies

a

small

Slovenian

town

of

Postojna.

Itssubterranean

world

holds

some

of

Europe’s

mostmagnificent

underground

galleries.

Time

loses

all

meaningsin

the

formation

of

these

underground

wonders.

Dripstones,stalactites,

in

different

shapes—columns,

pillars

andtranslucent

curtains,

conjure

up

unforgettable

images.初譯：從中歐通往亞德里亞海濱的道路之間，有一座斯洛文尼亞小鎮(zhèn)——普斯托伊納，它的地下世界形成了歐洲最宏偉的地下畫廊。這些地下奇觀的形成使時(shí)光失去了一切意義。滴水石，即鐘乳石，形態(tài)各異——如梁，似柱，像透明的珠簾，如同魔法變出來(lái)的一樣，令人難忘。On

the

road

leading

from

central

Europe

to

the

Adriaticcoast

lies

a

small

Slovenian

town

of

Postojna.

Itssubterranean

world

holds

some

of

Europe’s

mostmagnificent

underground

galleries.

Time

loses

all

meaningsin

the

formation

of

these

underground

wonders.

Dripstones,stalactites,

in

different

shapes—columns,

pillars

andtranslucent

curtains,

conjure

up

unforgettable

images.改譯：從中歐通往亞德里亞海濱的道路之間，有一座斯洛文尼亞小鎮(zhèn)——普斯托伊納，這里的溶洞景觀美如畫廊，恢宏壯闊堪稱歐洲之冠。洞中奇觀異景，其形成過(guò)程之漫長(zhǎng)，使時(shí)光在這里也失去了意義。各種鐘乳石形態(tài)各異——有的玉柱渾圓；有的棟梁擎天；有的瀑布飛簾，晶瑩剔透——大自然鬼斧神工，妙景天成，令人難忘。翻譯過(guò)程與策略3.

發(fā)揮譯語(yǔ)優(yōu)勢(shì)旅游文本系實(shí)用文體，具有功利性和商業(yè)性特征。旅游翻譯，特別是宣傳性文本的翻譯，要迎合讀者口味，喚起美感共鳴，刺激旅游沖動(dòng)，達(dá)到招攬游客的目的。（讀者反映論）The

youngest

of

the

Rocky

Mountains,

the

Teton

Range

is

aspectacular

sight.

Enhanced

by

glaciers,

deep

canyons,snowfields,

and

lakes,

therange

shoots

up

suddenly,withnofoothills

around

it.——

Grand

Teton

National

Park原譯：落基山脈中最年輕的的特頓山脈景色壯觀。它突兀挺拔，四壁陡峭，冰川、深谷、雪地、湖泊等為它增添了氣勢(shì)。改譯：作為洛基山脈中的小字輩，特頓山卻獨(dú)具魅力：它拔地而起，絕壁凌空，冰川與峽谷相望，雪原與碧湖交映，湖光山色，冰雪晶瑩，景色蔚為壯觀。A

fascinating

city

between

sea

and

sky,

like

Venusrising

from

the

waves,

Venice

es

tourists

from

thefive

continents

drawn

to

her

by

the

charm

of

herwater

and

pellucid

light,

free

from

all

dust

andcooled

by

the

sea

breeze.

She

also

offers

theintellectual

pleasures

to

be

derived

from

hermasterpieces

which

marks

the

meeting

of

East

andWest.——

Venice威尼斯水城海天相連，景色迷人，宛如碧波

中涌現(xiàn)的維納斯，吸引著來(lái)自五大洲的游客。她水色旖旎，波光澄澈，輕風(fēng)拂面而來(lái)，蕩

去你心中的不快與煩惱。而城中那些集東西

方藝術(shù)之大成的杰作，更給人以精神上的享

受。峨眉山位于中國(guó)西南部的四川省，距成都156公里，走高速公路需1.5小時(shí)。主峰金頂絕壁凌空，高插云霄，巍然屹立。登臨其間，可西眺皚皚雪峰，東瞰莽莽平川，氣勢(shì)雄偉，景觀奇特，有云海、日出、佛光、圣燈四大奇觀。中部群山峰巒疊嶂，含煙凝萃，飛瀑流泉，鳥(niǎo)語(yǔ)花香，草木豐茂，風(fēng)光秀麗。它是我國(guó)著名的游覽勝地，1996年被聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織列入“世界自然與文化遺產(chǎn)”。156

kilometers

away

from

Chengdu

City

in

Sichuan

province,southwest

of

China,

stands

Mt.

Emei

with

its

summit

Jinding(the

Golden

Top)

towering

above

range

upon

range

of

rollingmountains

stretching

westward,

all

covered

with

snow,

and

inan

eastward

distance

lying

a

wide

expanse

of

flat

land.

Itboasts