2023屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)：閱讀理解考點18議論文（A卷）作業(yè)

2023屆新高考英語高頻考點專項練習(xí)：專題十二考點18議論

文（A卷）

1.Trafficjamsandcities,itseems,gohandinhand.Everyonecomplainsaboutbeingstuckin

traffic,but,liketheweather,nooneseemstodoanythingaboutit.Inparticular,trafficengineers,

transportationplanners,andpublicofficialsresponsiblefortransportationsystemsinlargecities

arefrequentlycriticizedforfailingtosolvethetrafficjam.

Butisthetrafficjamasignoffailure?Longqueuesatrestaurantsortheaterboxofficesare

seenassignsofsuccess.Shouldtransportationsystemsbeviewedanydifferently?Ithinkwe

shouldrecognizethatthetrafficjamisanunpreventableby-product（副產(chǎn)品）ofsuccessfulcities,

andviewthe"trafficproblem,'inadifferentlight.

Citiesexistbecausetheyimprovesocialcommunicationandeconomictrade.Thetrafficjam

occurswheretherearelotsofpeoplebutlimitedspace.Culturallyandeconomicallysuccessful

citieshavetheworsttrafficproblems,whiledecayingcitiesdon'thavemuchtraffic.NewYorkand

LosAngelesareAmerica'smostcrowdedcities.Butifyouwantaccesstomajorbrokerage

houses（經(jīng)2己彳?。瑈ouwillfindthemeasiertoreachincrowdedNewYorkthaninanyotherlarge

cities.Andifyourcompanyneedsaccesstopost-productionfilmeditorsorsatellite-guidance

engineers,youwillreachthemmorequicklythroughthecrowdedfreewaysofLAthanthrough

lesscrowdedroadselsewhere.

Despitethetrafficjam,alargeramountofsocialcommunicationandeconomictradecanbe

madebetterinlarge,crowdedcitiesthanelsewhere.Seeninthislight,thetrafficjamisan

unfortunateresultofprosperity（繁榮），notacauseoftheeconomicfallandurbandecay.Sowhile

wecanconsiderthetrafficjamasincreasingcostintheareasofbigcities,thecostof

inaccessibilityinuncrowdedplacesisalmostcertainlygreater.

Thereisnodoubtthatthetrafficjambringstheterribleeconomicandenvironmentaldamagein

placeslikeBangkok,Jakarta,andLagos.Butmobility（流動性）isfarhigherandtrafficjamlevels

arefarlowerhereintheUS,eveninourmostcrowdedcities.That'swhy,fornow,wedon'tsee

peopleandcapitalstreamingoutofSanFranciscoandChicago,headingforcitieslikeElCentro

andMcAllen.

1.Wecanconcludefromthefirstparagraphthat.

A.thetrafficjamandweatherarethetwofactorspreventingthedevelopmentofbigcities

B.thetrafficjamseemstobeverydifficulttodealwith

C.iftrafficengineerstrytheirbest,thetrafficjamcanbesolved

D.publicofficialsarealwayscriticizedformisusingtheirpower

2.Bysaying"decaying"（inPara.3）,theauthorprobablymeans.

A.lesspowerfulandinfluentialB.developing

C.richandsuccessfulD.small-sized

3.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.ThetrafficjamhascausedterribleeffectsincitiessuchasBangkokandLagos.

B.ThetrafficjaminSanFranciscohasresultedinthecapitalflowingout.

C.ThetrafficjamlevelinJakartaislowerthanthatintheUS.

D.McAllenisascrowdedandsuccessfulasSanFrancisco.

4.What'stheauthor'sopiniononthetrafficjam?

A.Incities,thetrafficjamisavoidable.

B.Thetrafficjamisbothasignoffailureandasignofsuccess.

C.Thetrafficjamistheresultofsuccessfulcities.

D.Thetrafficjamcanpromotesocialcommunicationandeconomictrade.

2.Asdataandidentitytheftbecomesmoreandmorecommon,themarketisgrowingfor

biometric（生物測量）technologies——likefingerprintscans——tokeepothersoutofprivatee-spaces.

Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,though.

ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice（裝置）that

getsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard.Thissmartkeyboardpreciselymeasuresthe

cadence（節(jié)奏）withwhichonetypesandthepressurefingersapplytoeachkey.Thekeyboard

couldofferastronglayerofsecuritybyanalyzingthingsliketheforceofauser*stypingandthe

timebetweenkeypresses.Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcan

determinepeople'sidentities,andbyextension,whethertheyshouldbegivenaccesstothe

computerit*sconnectedto-regardlessofwhethersomeonegetsthepasswordright.

Italsodoesn'trequireanewtypeoftechnologythatpeoplearen'talreadyfamiliarwith.

Everybodyusesakeyboardandeverybodytypesdifferently.

Inastudydescribingthetechnology,theresearchershad100volunteerstypetheword"touch'1

fourtimesusingthesmartkeyboard.Datacollectedfromthedevicecouldbeusedtorecognize

differentparticipantsbasedonhowtheytyped,withverylowerrorrates.Theresearcherssaythat

thekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeof

inexpensive,plastic-likeparts.Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.

1.Whydotheresearchersdevelopthesmartkeyboard?

A.Toreducepressureonkeys.B.Toimproveaccuracyintyping.

C.Toreplacethepasswordsystem.D.Tocutthecostofe-spaceprotection.

2.Whatmakestheinventionofthesmartkeyboardpossible?

A.Computersaremucheasiertooperate.

B.Fingerprintscanningtechniquesdevelopfast.

C.Typingpatternsvaryfrompersontoperson.

D.Datasecuritymeasuresareguaranteed.

3.Whatdotheresearchersexpectofthesmartkeyboard?

A.It'llbeenvironment-friendly.B.It'llreachconsumerssoon.

C.It'llbemadeofplastics.D.Ifllhelpspeeduptyping.

4.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?

A.Adiary.B.Aguidebook.C.Anovel.D.Amagazine.

3.Sand,sun,fitness,andfunwerepopularattheLeapFrog'sFitMadeFunDayeventon

September6.WithLeapFrog'snewLeapBandactivitytracker,theeventtookplaceatSanta

MonicaBeachinCaliforniatoeducatekidsaboutstayingactive.

TheLeapBandisLeapFrog'snewestproduct.Itstraps（用帶子系好）ontothewrist,likea

watch,andfeaturesavirtual（虛擬的）petthatkidscancarefor.Kidsdoactivitiessuchaswalking

likeapenguinandpoppinglikepopcomtoearnpointsandpower-ups,whichunlocknewpetsand

rewards.

"Wewanttomakesurekidsunderstandthatgettingup,gettingactive,havingfun,and

gettinghealthytipscanallbepartoftheirdailylives,1'saysGregAhearn,whoworksfor

LeapFrog."OurgoalwiththeLeapBandistogetkidsupandactiveandhavingfun.”

Theeventincludedcreativefitnessactivitiesforkidsandparents.ArtieGreenandEasyA.D.,

whoareapartofanorganizationcalledHipHopPublicHealth,perfonnedsongsandtaught

dances.Therewerephotoopportunities,healthysnacks,andgoodiebagstoo.

MiaHamm,aformermemberoftheUnitedStatesnationalwomen'ssoccerteam,is

theofficialspokespersonfortheLeapBand.HammtookpartinWomen'sWorldCupsandthe

Olympics.Whenshewasabout15,sheknewthathersportwassoccer.UIlovedthewayit

challengedmeeverysingleday,"shesaid.Hammsaysexercisingshouldbefun"whetherit's

playingsoccerwithyourfriendsorhoppingononefootordancing".Sheadvisesaspiring

athletes（有志向的）to"goforit.It'salotofhardwork,butit'smeaningful".

Laterintheafternoon,thecrowdcametogethertotrytobreakthreeGuinnessWorld

Records:themostpeoplemakingsandangels,themostpeoplehoppingononefoot,andthemost

peopledoingtheswimdance.Participants（參力口者）enjoyedexercisingtogether,dancing,

hopping,andflappingalongtomusic.Betteryet,theybrokeallthreerecords!Ahearnhopesthese

familiesandmanymorecontinuetotakepartinfitnessactivities."Funisthemostimportant

thing,"hesays.

l.TheeventLeapFrog*sFitMadeFunDayisto.

A.encourageparticipantstobreakGuinnessWorldRecords

B.introduceLeapFrog'snewestproduct-theLeapBand

C.instructpeople,especiallykidstokeepanactivelifestyle

D.findsuitablevolunteerstocareforvirtualpets

2.Accordingtothepassage,whatcanweknow?

A.Kidsdon'tunderstandthevalueofactivelife.

B.Theactivitiesoftheeventareconcernedwithfitness.

C.Soccerdoesn*tmeanalottoHamm.

D.Aheamthinksbreakingallthreerecordsisthemostimportantthing.

3.ThefifthparagraphmainlyintendstotellusMiaHamm.

A.isactiveinsportsactivities

B.wasafamouswomansoccerplayer

C.actsasthespokespersonfortheLeapBand

D.callsonpeopletodosportsactivities

4.What'sthemainpuiposeofthepassage?

A.Tosellaproduct.B.Toprovideinformationaboutanactivity.

C.TDpromoteanactivity.D.Todescribeanexperience.

4.Duringtherosyyearsofelementaryschool（小學(xué)），Ienjoyedsharingmydollsandjokes,

whichallowedmetokeepmyhighsocialstatus.Iwasthequeenoftheplayground.Thencame

mytweensandteens,andmeangirlsandcoolkids.Theyroseintheranksnotbybeingfriendly

butbysmokingcigarettes,breakingrulesandplayingjokesonothers,amongwhomIsoonfound

myself.

Popularityisawell-exploredsubjectinsocialpsychology.MitchPrinstein,aprofessorof

clinicalpsychologysortsthepopularintotwocategories:thelikableandthestatusseekers.The

likables1plays-well-with-othersqualitiesstrengthenschoolyardfriendships,jump-start

interpersonalskillsand,whentappedearly,areemployedeverafterinlifeandwork.Thenthere's

thekindofpopularitythatappearsinadolescence:statusbornofpowerandevendishonorable

behavior.

Enviableasthecoolkidsmayhaveseemed,Dr.Prinstein'sstudiesshowunpleasant

consequences.Thosewhowerehighestinstatusinhighschool,aswellasthoseleastlikedin

elementaryschool,are"mostlikelytoengage（從事）indangerousandriskybehavior.0

Inonestudy,Dr.Prinsteinexaminedthetwotypesofpopularityin235adolescents,scoringthe

leastliked,themostlikedandthehighestinstatusbasedonstudentsurveys（調(diào)查研究）.”We

foundthattheleastwell-likedteenshadbecomemoreaggressiveovertimetowardtheir

classmates.Butsohadthosewhowerehighinstatus.Itclearlyshowedthatwhilelikabilitycan

leadtohealthyadjustment,highstatushasjusttheoppositeeffectonus.”

Dr.Prinsteinhasalsofoundthatthequalitiesthatmadetheneighborswantyouonaplay

date-sharing,kindness,openness-carryovertolateryearsandmakeyoubetterabletorelate

andconnectwithothers.

Inanalyzinghisandotherresearch,Dr.Prinsteincametoanotherconclusion:Notonlyis

likabilityrelatedtopositivelifeoutcomes,butitisalsoresponsibleforthoseoutcomes,too.

"Beinglikedcreatesopportunitiesforlearningandfornewkindsoflifeexperiencesthathelp

somebodygainanadvantage,"hesaid.

1.Whatsortofgirlwastheauthorinherearlyyearsofelementaryschool?

A.Unkind.B.Lonely.C.Generous.D.Cool.

2.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Theclassificationofthepopular.B.Thecharacteristicsofadolescents.

C.Theimportanceofinterpersonalskills.D.Thecausesofdishonorablebehavior.

3.WhatdidDr.Prinstein'sstudyfindaboutthemostlikedkids?

A.Theyappearedtobeaggressive.B.Theytendedtobemoreadaptable.

C.Theyenjoyedthehigheststatus.D.Theyperformedwellacademically.

4.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.BeNice-YouWon'tFinishLastB.TheHighertheStatus,theBetter

C.BetheBest—YouCanMakeItD.MoreSelf-Control,LessAggressiveness

5.Thinkofthelasttimeyoudisagreedwithanotherperson.Maybeyouarguedwithasibling

（兄弟；姊妹）overwhattowatchonTV.Orperhapsyoutriedtoconvincegrown-upsthatice

creammadeabetterdinnerthanvegetables.Howdidyourdisagreementend?Wereyouableto

seetheissuefromtheotherperson'sviewpoint?

Inmanysituations,disagreementsareunavoidable.TheyYepartoflife.Afterall,everyone

hasdifferentopinions.Weallhavepastexperiencesthatshapehowweseetheworld.Still,notall

disagreementsarebad.Infact,manypeoplelookatthemasopportunitiestolearn.Theydosoby

tryingtounderstandwherebothsidesarecomingfrom.

Howcanyouunderstandbothsidesofanissue?Often,it'sbesttostartbyaskingquestions.

Questionshelpuslearnabouttheworldaroundus.Therightquestionscanalsohelpuslearn

aboutotherpeople.Inadisagreement,askingformoreinformationcanhelpyoulearnabouta

person'sviewpoint.Itcanalsoleadyoutogathermorefacts.Thiscanpaintabetterpictureofthe

entireissue.

Whenweareseekingtounderstandbothsidesofanissue,it'simportanttoknowthe

differencebetweenfactsandopinions.Remember,factsarebasedontrueinformation.Opinions

canchangefrompersontoperson.Payingattentiontofactscanstopbiases（偏見）fromtakingover

inadisagreement.Thiscanhelpeveryoneinvolvedseebothsidesoftheissue.

Maybeyou'rewonderingwhyit'simportanttounderstandbothsidesofanissue,anyway.

Afterall,don'tmostpeoplejustwanttoprovethattheirsideisright?Often,that'strue.However,

understandingthewholeissuecanleadtobothsidesworkingtogether.

Disagreementsmaybeuncomfortableatfirst.However,whenbothsidestrulytryto

understandeachother,theyoftenfindtheyhavemoreincommonthantheythought.Thenext

timeyoudisagreewithanotherperson,tryaskinghimquestionsabouthisviewpoint.Younever

knowwhatyoumightlearn.

1.WhatdoestheunderlinedwordusonrefertoinParagraph2?

A.Ignoringchancestolearn.

B.Knowingmoreaboutthemselves.

C.Shapingarightwaytoseetheworld.

D.Makingthedisagreementsachancetolearn.

2.Accordingtothepassage,howcanwesolveadisagreement?

A.Bychangingtheother'sopinions.

B.Bymakingbothsidescomfortable.

C.Bytryingtostandinothers'shoes.

D.Bytellingfactsandopinionsapart.

3.Howdoestheauthorsupporthisview?

A.Byreasoning.

B.Bydescribing.

C.Bypersuading.

D.Byquestioning.

4.What'stheauthor'sattitudetopeople'sarguments?

A.Indifferent.

B.Pessimistic.

C.Positive.

D.Skeptical.

6.Manykidswouldlikelyarguethattheirlunchtimeistooshort.Whilethepreciousbreaks

afterclassareusedtorelaxandchatwithfriends,studentsalsoneedtoscarfdownafullmealto

fuelthemthroughtherestoftheday.

Butitisfoundthatstudentsneedmorethanfewminutestoconsume（消耗）those

much-needednutrients（營養(yǎng)）.Longerlunchtimeishealthier.Thestudycomparedfoodchoices

withtheamountoftimestudentsaregiventoeat.Studentswithlessthan20minutesfbrlunchate

less,includingnutritionalfruitsandvegetables.

Nationwide,theaverage（平均的）lunchtimeisabout30minutes.Butresearchersfoundthat

thereallunchtimecangetcutdowntolessthan10minutes.Researchersresearched1,001

studentsinlow-incomeneighborhoodsinMassachusettsthathadlunchtimebetween20and30

minutes.Studentswithshorterlunchtimewerelesslikelytoevenchooseafruitintheirlunch:44

percentofstudentswith20-minutetimepickedupanappleororange.

Morethan30millionchildren,halfofallpublicschoolchildrennationwide,accordingto

theSouthernEducationFoundation,eatlow-costorfreeluncheseverydayundertheNational

SchoolLunchprogram.Withthe2010Healthy,Hunger-FreeKidsAct,schoolluncheshaveseen

anoverhaul（詳細(xì)檢查）intheirnutritionalguidelines,withanincreaseinwholegrains（全谷類），

low-fatchoices,fruitsandvegetables.

Whileincreasinglunchtimeandcuttingintoclasstimemaynotbeapossiblechoicefor

manyschools,whosefundingdependsontheresultsoftests.Researcherssuggestedsimplifying

thelunchlinessothatstudentscanmakethemostoutofthetimetheyhave.

l.Theunderlinedphrase"scarfdown"inthefirstparagraphmeans"

A.discussB.cookC.eatD.improve

2.1fstudents1lunchtimeislessthan20minutes,theywould.

A.havehealthierlunchesB.eatmorevegetables

C.havelesschoicesD.beshortofpropernutrition

3.Whatdonearlyhalfstudentschoosetoeatiftheyonlyhave20minutesforlunch?

A.Thevegetables.B.Themilk.C.Themeat.D.Thefruits.

4.Whywouldn'tschoolscutintoclasstimeinthelastparagraph?

A.Becausethestudentswillnothavetheenoughhealthychoice.

B.Becausethenon-idealresultofthetestwillinfluencetheschoolfund.

C.Becausetheschoolwillhavetoimprovelunchquality.

□.Becausethestudentswillwastetheirlunchtimeplaying.

7.Whenwasthelasttimeyouwenttoyourlocallibrary?Lastweek?Amonthago?Ayear

ago?

Formanyreasons,borrowingbooksfromlibrariesseemstobeindecline.Withadvancesin

technology,itisnowpossibleforpeopletodownloadandreadwhatevertheylikeonelectronic

devicessuchasKindles.Ithasbeenarguedthatdoingthisischeaperthanbuyinghard-copybooks.

Theyarealsolightweight,makingthemidealfortravelling.

Callmeoldfashioned,butI'venevergotintothee-books:Iliketohaveprintedbookslining

mybookshelves;Ilovethesmellofanewbook;andIenjoyleafingthroughpaperpages一as

longasIavoidthepapercuts!

So,Ipreferpaperbooks,andIalsoprefertoownthemmyself.Librariesonlylendbooks,so

whatusearetheytosomeonelikeme,ortosomeonewhoonlyreadselectronicbooks?

Personally,Istilllovelibraries.Theyofferaquietspacetosit,read,think,doresearch...a

realescapefromtheoutsideworld.WhenIwasatuniversity,Ifrequentlyspenthoursatthe

libraryandbonowednumerousjournals,articlesandotherprintedmaterials,asitwasjusttoo

expensivetobuybrandnewbookseveryweek.Librariesarefree!

Librariesoftenorganizeaseriesofinterestingactivitiesaswell.Mylocallibraryhosted

actors,historiansandotherspeakersduringthetown'sannualartandliteraturefestival.

Well-knownauthorsarealsoinvitedtolibrariestogivespeechesorleaddiscussionsabouttheir

work.Eventssuchastheseareagreatwaytoappealtopeopleofallagesinthecommunityand

encouragetheuseoflibraries.

Therearestillmanyfantasticwaystouselibraries—maybewejustneedtobemoreawake

tothem!

l.Whatisthewriter'spurposeofusingquestionsentencesinParagraph1?

A.Tointroducethetopicofthepassage.

B.Tomakereadersanswerquestions.

C.Togivereaderssomeadvice.

D.Toconductasurvey.

2.Whatcanweknowaboute-books?

A.Theyareeasytobuy.

B.Theyarecheapandeasytotake.

C.Theycanbeborrowedfromlibraries.

D.Theyareawasteofenergy.

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"them"inParagraph4referto?

A.Libraries.B.E-books.C.Paperbooks.D.Bookshelves.

4.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.Theendofthelibrary?

B.Thereasonsformylovinglibraries!

C.Whichisbetter,e-booksorpaperbooks?

D.Thelasttimeofvisitingyourlocallibrary!

8.Tensofthousandsofdrone（無人機）ownerswillhavetoregistertheirdevicesforthefirst

timeunderregulationsdesignedtosafeguardprivacy.

Rulesintroducedyesterdayrequirealldronesthatarefittedwithcamerastobeloggedwith

theCivilAviationAuthority（CAA）.Anyonewhofailstodosofacesbeingtakentocourtand

finedupto￡1,000.Dronesheavierthan250galreadyhavetoberegisteredwiththeCAA,which

costs￡9andmustberenewedarniually,butthenewmeasuresextendthisrequirementtoall

devices,includingthelightweightmodelsthatareusedbyhobbyistpilots.

Themovecomesaftersharpriseinthenumberofdronesboughtbyenthusiastsorthose

operatingthemforcommercialreasons,suchastoinspectinfrastructureorforphotographyand

filming.

However,therisehaspromptedconcernsoverprivacy,withfearsthatdronesarebeingused

tospyonprivateresidencesandotherbuildings.Ithasalsoledtoanincreaseinthenumberof

near-missesbetweendronesandotheraircraft,includingcommercialpassengerjets.Thelatest

figuresshow531near-missesinvolvingdroneswereloggedinthepastdecade,including125

recordedin2019.

Bylawdronesaresupposedtobeoperatedwithinanoperator'slineofsight.Theyhaveto

remainbelowanaltitudeof400fttoavoidinterferingwithaircraftandflownatleast164ftaway

frompeopleandbuildings.Thegovernmenthasalreadytoughenedupregulationsinrecentyears.

Thisincludesrequiringalloperatorstopassanonlinetestbeforebeingallowedtoflydevices.

Otherchangestotheregulationsincludeallowingdronesthatweighupto25kgtobeoperated,

comparedwithapreviouslimitof20kg.

Deviceswillalsofallintothreenewcategoriesofrisk-high,mediumandlow-depending

onhowtheywillbeflown.Low-riskdrones,includingthosetypicallyusedbyhobbyists,will

haveoperationallimitationsbutwillnotneedauthorisation（授權(quán)）forflights.Authorisationis

neededforlargermedium-riskandhigh-riskdroneflights,whicharetypicallycarriedoutinmore

complexenvironments,includingthosebeyondtheoperator'slineofsight,whichisbannedunder

normalcircumstances.

ChristianStruwe,thedirectorofpublicpolicy,saidofthenewregulation:"Itsimplifies

differentprocessesandallowscustomerstotravelfromcountrytocountrywithouthavingto

worryaboutdifferentrulesindifferentforeignlocations."

l.Whymustthedroneownersregistertheirdevices?

A.Toprotecttheirrightsofflyingdrones.

B.Ibavoidbreakingthenewregulations.

C.Tomakesuretheirdronesmeettheweightrequirement.

D.Tofollowtherulesnottoinvadeothers'privacy.

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordsinparagraph2probablymean?

A.Updatedeveryday.B.Replacedeverymonth.

C.Redesignedeveryyear.D.Registeredeveryyear.

3.Whatisthepotentialdangerdronesprobablycause?

A.Droneswillbeusedforcommercialpurposes.

B.Dronesprobablycrashintopassengerplaneswhileinuse.

C.Operatingdronesrequireshigherqualification.

D.Itisimpossibletoavoidbeingspiedbydrones.

4.Whatdoesthepassagemainlyfocuson?

A.Howtomakeastandarddrone.

B.Howdronesareoperatedbyenthusiasts.

C.Theimportanceofregisteringthedrones.

D.Thenegativeeffectofdronesonpeople.

答案以及解析

1.答案：l.B;2.A;3.A;4.C

解析：1.考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段中的"liketheweather,nooneseemstodoanythingaboutit"

可知，人們對交通堵塞現(xiàn)象無能為力，說明交通堵塞問題很棘手，難以解決。故選B。

2.考查詞義猜測。由該詞所在句子中的while（而，卻）表對比可知,decaying的意思應(yīng)與上文中

的successful相反。故選Ao

3.考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段第一句"Thereisnodoubtthatthetrafficjambringstheterrible

economicandenvironmentaldamageinplaceslikeBangkok,Jakarta,andLagos”可知A項正確,

其他選項均與文中事實不符。故選A。

4.考查觀點態(tài)度。根據(jù)第二段最后一句和第五段可知，作者認(rèn)為交通擁擠是城市成功的一個不

可避免的副產(chǎn)品,應(yīng)該從另一個不同的角度來看待交通擁擠現(xiàn)象。文中作者并沒有提到交通

堵塞是一種失敗。故選C。

2.答案：1-4.DCBD

解析：1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句"Atpresent,thesetechnologiesarestillexpensive,

though."以及第二段第一句"ResearchersfromGeorgiaTechsaythattheyhavecomeupwitha

low-costdevicethatgetsaroundthisproblem:asmartkeyboard."可推知，研究者研發(fā)這種智能鍵

盤是為了降低網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全保護(hù)技術(shù)的成本。注意題干、正確選項以及原文中一些詞匯的多次呼

應(yīng)現(xiàn)象:develop與comeupwith是同義詞,expensive與low-cost是反義詞,cutthecost與

low-cost相呼應(yīng)。故選D。

2.推理判斷題。題干問的是"是什么讓智能鍵盤的發(fā)明成為可能?”，也就是問這一發(fā)明的核心

依據(jù)是什么。根據(jù)第二段中的"Thesepatternsareuniquetoeachperson.Thus,thekeyboardcan

determinepeople'sidentities..."可知，正是因為每個人的打字模式不同，這種智能鍵盤才可以

通過分析用戶的打字力度及節(jié)奏等來判斷該用戶是不是安全訪客，故C項符合題意。解答該

題的關(guān)鍵是看懂題干的意思，即智能鍵盤的核心依據(jù)是什么。故選C。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干"研究者對于智能鍵盤有什么期望?”可直接定位到最后一段的最后一

句話"Theteamhopestomakeittomarketinthenearfuture.",該團隊希望在不久的將來將智能

鍵盤推向市場。注意:題干中的expect與原文中的hope呼應(yīng),答案選項中的consumers與原文

中的market呼應(yīng)。故選B。

4.文章出處題。根據(jù)本文的話題”智能鍵盤”以及第二段中的“ResearchersfromGeorgiaTech

saythattheyhavecomeupwithalow-costdevice...”,尤其是其中的關(guān)鍵詞researchers,low-cost

device等來推斷，這篇文章是一篇科研報道，最有可能出現(xiàn)在雜志上。故選D。

3.答案：l.C;2.B;3.D;4.B

解析：1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的"toeducatekidsaboutstayingactive"和第三段第一句話

可知,C項正確。這項活動的目的是讓人們，尤其是孩子，保持一種積極的生活方式。故選C。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。無論是孩子們的活動還是后面試圖打破吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄的活動都和運動健康

有關(guān)。故選B。

3.段落大意題。通讀第五段尤其是最后一句可知,MiaHamm認(rèn)為運動是可以給人帶來快樂的,

也是有意義的，故她是想呼吁人們做體育運動。故選D。

4.寫作意圖題。本篇文章是新聞報道，全文的意圖是提供一項活動的信息。故選B。

4.答案：1-4.CABA

解析：1.推理判斷題。本題題干意為:作者在上小學(xué)的低年級時是什么樣的女孩?根據(jù)題干中

的earlyyearsofelementaryschool可定位到第一段第一句中的Duringtherosyyearsof

elementaryschool,Ienjoyedsharingmydollsandjokes（喜歡分享玩偶和笑話）,因此可以推斷

作者是大方的。A:不友善的;B:孤獨的;D:酷的。故選C。

2.主旨大意題。本題題干意為:第二段的主要內(nèi)容是什么？根據(jù)第二段第二句MitchPrinstein,

aprofessorofclinicalpsychologysortsthepopularintotwocategories:thelikableandthestatus

seekers.可知，本段對受歡迎的人進(jìn)行分類。B:青少年的特點;C:人際交往技巧的重要性;D:不光

彩行為的原因。故選A。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本題題干意為:Prinstein博士的研究中針對最受喜歡的小孩的發(fā)現(xiàn)是什么?根

據(jù)題干中的study和themostlikedkids可定位到第四段中的Itclearlyshowedthatwhile

likabilitycanleadtohealthyadjustment,highstatushasjusttheoppositeeffectonus。healthy

adjustment（調(diào)整，適應(yīng)）對應(yīng)B項中的adaptable（能適應(yīng)的）。A:他們顯得有侵略性;C:他們喜

歡最高的地位;D:他們學(xué)習(xí)成績很好。故選B。

4.主旨大意題。本題題干意為:本文最好的標(biāo)題是什么?文章將受歡迎的人分成兩類一討人喜

歡的人和追逐高地位的人。根據(jù)對這兩種人的介紹可以總結(jié)出整篇文章都是在引導(dǎo)讀者做討

人喜歡的人，對人友善、學(xué)會分享、敞開心扉。B:地位越高越好;C:做到最好一你可以做到;D:

自制力越強,侵略性越小。故選A。

5.答案：1-4DCAC

解析：1.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的Still,notalldisagreementsarebad.Infact,manypeople

lookatthemasopportunitiestolearn.知,并非所有的分歧都是糟糕的，事實上滸多人把它們看

作是學(xué)習(xí)的機會。由此可推斷,so指的是把分歧當(dāng)作學(xué).習(xí)的機會。故選D。

2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的Howdidyourdisagreementend?Wereyouabletoseetheissue

fromtheotherperson*sviewpoint?可知,這兩句以提問的形式引出結(jié)束分歧的方式，即從對方的

角度看問題;根據(jù)最后一段中的Disagreementsmaybeuncomfortableatfirst.However,when

bothsidestrulytrytounderstandeachother,theyoftenfindtheyhavemoreincommonthanthey

thought.可知，分歧一開始可能會讓人不舒服。然而，當(dāng)雙方真正試圖理解對方時;往往會發(fā)現(xiàn)

他們的共同點比他們想象的要多。由此可推斷,要想解決分歧，雙方要真正去理解對方,站在對

方的立場上想問題。故選C。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第.三段中的Howcanyouunderstandbothsidesofanissue?Often,it'sbest

tostartbyaskingque