閱讀D篇說(shuō)明-議論文精解+單詞拓展(02) 高三英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)

DHowcanwepossiblycopewiththelargeamountofinformationaboutvirusspread,stockmarketnosedives,canceledplansanduncertaintyaboutthefuture?Somepeopleareburiedinthefear,anxietyandsadness,checkingnewssitesandsocialmediaconstantly.Otherstrytosuppressitallandignoretheoutsideworld(I'mguessingthatInstagramhasneverseensomuchtraffic).There'sathirdoption,though.Ratherthanfullyinvolvinginthenegativeorignoringit,wecandoourbesttoexperiencejoyalongsideeverythingelsethatissadintheworld.Infact,researchthatIandothershaveconductedsuggeststhatallowingthetwodifferentemotionstocoexistmayactuallybenefitusinthelongrun.Dr.JeffLarsenandhiscolleaguescoinedsomethingknownasthe"coactivationmodelofmixedemotions",andthebasicideaisthatwemaybeabletodealwith,andlearnfromnegativeemotionslikesadnessifweexperiencethemconcurrentlywithpositiveemotionslikejoyatthesametime.Here,positiveemotionsprovideapsychologicalbuffer(緩沖)，makingiteasierforpeopletodealwiththethingstheydon'twanttoface.ThecomedianMitchHedbergproposedananalogythatcapturesthisessencequitewell,notingthat“itwouldbecoolifyoucouldeatacarrotwithanonionringandtheywouldtraveldowntoyourstomach.Thentheywouldgetthere,andthecarrotwouldsay,'It'scool,he'swithme.’Appliedtoouremotionallives,wecoulddoabetterjobindigesting,processinggaininginsightintothenegativeeventsinourlivesifwecoulddosoalongsidethepositive.Severalyearsago,mypartnerJonAdlerandIsetouttotestthisexactidea.Specifically,welookedatsampleofadultvolunteerswhosigneduporweeklymentalhealththerapysessions.Betweeneachweek,theyreportedthefeelingstheywerehavingandalsotookafewquestionnairesthatweremeanttoassesstheiroverallhealth.Thisdesignallowedustoexaminehowdifferentemotionalexperienceswouldimpactmentalhealthinalongitudinalfashion,overthecourseof12weeks.12.Whatdoestheauthorrecommendpeopletodowithafloodofbadnews?A.Takenonoticeofitatall.B.Makebetterplanstofightagainstit.C.Takeinallofthenegativeemotions.D.Involveinthenegativeandenjoyhappinessaswell.13.WhichofthefollowingmayJeffLarsenagreewith?A.Mixedemotionsremaintobeproved.B.Thenegativeemotioniseasytodealwith.C.Thepositiveemotionmakesiteasierforpeopletosucceed.D.Mixedemotionsallowpeopletohandlethenegativebetter.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"analogy"inparagraph4mean?A.Exhibition. B.Promotion. C.Similarity. D.Requirement.15.Whywerelotsofquestionsaskedduringtheresearch?A.Tomeasurethevolunteershealthonthewhole.B.Torecordwhatthevolunteersareexperiencing.C.Totreatthementaldiseasesoftheadults.D.Tooverturnthetheorycoactivationmodelofmixedemotions.DAstronautsontheInternationalSpaceStationwillsoontestanewovenformakingchocolatechipcookies.AspaceshipcarryingthecookingequipmentandothersupplieswaslaunchedonSaturdayfromtheWallopsFlightFacilityintheUnitedStates.Theshipment,weighing3,700kilograms,reachedthespacestationonMonday.Thegoalistoexplorethepossibilityofmakingfreshlybakedcookiesforspacetravelers.AmericancompanyNanoracksdesignedandbuilttheovenandhelpedwithorganizingtheflighttothespacestation.HiltonDoubleTreehotelssuppliedthecookiedough(生面團(tuán))theastronautswilluse.Inthepast,spacestationcrewshavecreatedtheirownpizzasusingathin,flatpieceofbreadknownasflatbread.Astronautshavetriedothercreativewaystomakefood,suchascreatingsaladsfromvegetablesgrowninthespacestation.Resultshavebeenmixed.Thecookiebakingwillbeaslowprocess.Theovencanheatjustonecookieatatime.Thetestcouldtakeweeksbeforetheastronautshavechancetotryoutfreshlybakedcookies.Fiveunbakedcookieshavebeeninaspacestationfreezerforseveralweeks.Eachisinitsownindividualclearbagmadeoutofsilicone.Theovencanheatfoodstotemperaturesashighas177degreesCelsius.ThatistwicethetemperatureoftheU.S.andRussianfoodwarmersonthespacestation.Theovenuseselectricheatingelements.MaryMurphyiswithNanoracks.Murphysayssheexpectsabakingtimeof15to20minutesforeachcookiewhentheovenisheatedtoabout163degreesCelsius.Sheaddsthatthesmellofbakingcookiesshouldfillthespacestationeachtimeacookiecomesoutoftheoven.Theoven'sfirstusewillbetherealtest.Withouttheforceofgravity,theastronautsdonotknowexactlyhowthecookiewilllook.Threeofthespace-bakedcookiesaretobereturnedtoEarthfortesting.12.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribethenewoventest?A.Time-consuming.B.Energy-saving.C.Meaningless.D.Successful.13.What'stheadvantageofthenewovenovertheRussianfoodwarmer?A.Itheatsupmuchfaster.B.It'smoreconvenienttouse.C.Ithasalargercookingspace.D.Itcanheatuptoahighertemperature.14.Whatwillmakethecookie'sappearanceinthenewovenuncertain?A.Thebakingtime.B.Theheatingmethod.C.Theabsenceofgravity.D.Thespeedoftemperaturerise.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.CookingEquipmentinSpaceStationB.CookiesComingfromtheInternationalSpaceStationC.CreativeWaysAstronautsMakeFoodinSpaceStationD.ANewOventoBeTestedtoMakeCookiesinSpaceStation這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了研究表明，讓這快樂(lè)和悲傷這兩種不同的情緒共存從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看可能對(duì)我們有益。2021屆河北省承德市高中高三第一次調(diào)研考試英語(yǔ)試題【答案】12.D13.D14.C15.A詞匯積累promotion升級(jí)overturn推翻stock股票【12題】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段Ratherthanfullyinvolvinginthenegativeorignoringit,wecandoourbesttoexperiencejoyalongsideeverythingelsethatissadintheworld.(與其完全沉浸在消極的事物中或者忽略它，我們可以盡我們最大的努力去體驗(yàn)快樂(lè)和世界上所有的悲傷。)可知，作者建議人們沉浸在消極情緒的同時(shí)，也能享受快樂(lè)。故選D?！?3題】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段第二行...andlearnfromnegativeemotionslikesadnessifweexperiencethemcurrentlywithpositiveemotionslikejoyatthesametime.(如果我們同時(shí)經(jīng)歷悲傷等消極情緒和快樂(lè)等積極情緒，我們就能夠處理這些情緒，并從中學(xué)習(xí)。)可推知，JeffLarsen可能會(huì)同意同時(shí)感受悲喜可以使得人們更好的認(rèn)識(shí)悲觀情緒，從而讓人們更好地處理負(fù)面情緒。故選D。【14題】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段第二行...notingthat“itwouldbecoolifyoucouldeatacarrotwithanonionringandtheywouldtraveldowntoyourstomach.Thentheywouldgetthere,andthecarrotwouldsay,'It'scool,he'swithme可推知文章認(rèn)為負(fù)面情緒和正面情緒存在同樣使人奮進(jìn)的效果。故選C?！?5題】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段第三行...tookafewquestionnairesthatweremeanttoassesstheiroverallhealth。(他們做了一些問(wèn)卷來(lái)評(píng)估他們的整體健康狀況。)可知，調(diào)查問(wèn)卷的目的是對(duì)健康做一個(gè)綜合的評(píng)估。故選A。句式精解Mixedemotionsallowpeopletohandlethenegativebetter.復(fù)雜的情緒使人們能夠更好地處理消極情緒。Specifically,welookedatasampleofadultvolunteerswhosignedupforweeklymentalhealththerapysessions具體來(lái)說(shuō)，我們研究了注冊(cè)或每周心理健康治療課程的成年志愿者樣本本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。一艘載有新烤箱和其他物資的宇宙飛船星期六從美國(guó)的瓦勒普斯飛行基地發(fā)射升空。國(guó)際空間站的字航員將很快測(cè)試這種可以制作巧克力曲奇餅的新烤箱。2021屆河北省高三上學(xué)期10月聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.D詞匯積累gravity重力method方法flat扁平的;未發(fā)酵的【12題】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段Thecookiebakingwillbeaslowprocess.Theovencanheatjustonecookieatatime.Thetestcouldtakeweeksbeforetheastronautshavechancetotryoutfreshlybakedcookies.(烤餅干是一個(gè)緩慢的過(guò)程。烤箱一次只能加熱一塊餅干。測(cè)試可能需要數(shù)周時(shí)間，宇航員才有機(jī)會(huì)品嘗新鮮出爐的餅干)和倒數(shù)第二段Murphysayssheexpectsabakingtimeof15to20minutesforeachcookiewhentheovenisheatedtoabout163degreesCelsius.(當(dāng)烤箱加熱到163攝氏度左右時(shí)，她希望每塊餅干的烘焙時(shí)間為15到20分鐘)根據(jù)烤箱每次烤餅干的時(shí)間和容量可知，新烤箱測(cè)試是比較耗時(shí)的，故選A。【13題】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段Theovencanheatfoodstotemperaturesashighas177degreesCelsius.ThatistwicethetemperatureoftheU.S.andRussianfoodwarmersonthespacestation.(這個(gè)烤箱可以將食物加熱到177攝氏度。這是美國(guó)和俄羅斯空間站上食物加熱器溫度的兩倍)可知，新烤箱比俄國(guó)食物加熱器加熱的溫度更高，故選D?！?4題】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段Withouttheforceofgravity,theastronautsdonotknowexactlyhowthecookiewilllook.可知在太空沒(méi)有重力，宇航員不知道餅干到底會(huì)烤成什么樣子。即失重會(huì)導(dǎo)致餅干外觀的不確定性，故選C?！?5題】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第一句AstronautsontheInternationalSpaceStationwillsoontestanewovenformakingchocolatechipcookies.可知，文章談?wù)摰脑掝}是國(guó)際空間站的宇航員們將很快測(cè)試一種制作巧克力曲奇餅的新烤箱。D項(xiàng)：ANewOventoBeTestedtoMakeCookiesinSpaceStation概括了文章內(nèi)容，適合作為標(biāo)題。故選D。句式精解Theshipment,weighing3,700kilograms,reachedthespacestationonMonday.這批重達(dá)3，700公斤的貨物于周一抵達(dá)空間站。Inthepast,spacestationcrewshavecreatedtheirownpizzasusingathin,flatpieceofbreadknownasflatbread過(guò)去，空間站工作人員使用一種稱為大餅的薄而扁平的面包制作自己的比薩餅。課后限時(shí)練習(xí) Anancientplant,amaranth（莧菜），isdrawingattentionthroughouttheworldandconnectingindigenouspeople（土著人）totheirhistory.Ithasbecomeabillion-dollarfoodandcosmeticproductsincethe1970s.TheancientgraincanbefoundingreaternumbersofgrocerystoresintheUSandMexico,andincreasinglyintheAsiaPacificandEurope.

"Thisisaplantthatcouldfeedtheworld,"BeataTsosie-Pena,acoordinatoroftheenvironmentalhealthandjusticeprogramatnonprofitTewaWomenUnited,toldTheGuardian.Amaranthisactuallyagrain,likebuckwheat,andnativetoMesoamerica,aregionincludingsouthernMexicoandmanycountiesinCentralAmerica.Itsseedisahighlynutritioussourceofprotein,vitaminsandminerals.It'sprovedtobeanattractiveproductforhealth-consciousshoppers.

AsingleamaranthplantproduceshundredsofseedsandcanbegrowninawidevarietyofclimatesandcountriesfromIndia,China,SoutheastAsiatoWestAfricaandtheCaribbean.It'sthisresiliencethatallowedtheplanttosurviveoverthecenturies,evenwhentheSpanisharrivedintheAmericasinthe16thcenturyandoutlawedamaranth.

GrowingamaranthhasalsoprovidedadegreeofeconomicindependenceforindigenousfarmersinGuatemalaandtheUS，accordingtoTheGuardian.Evenafterfacinganear-extinctioneventinGuatemalawhenstateforcestargetedtheMayapeopleandburnedtheirfields,farmerspreservedtheiramaranthseedsbyhidingtheminjarsinthefieldandundertheirfloorboards.

"Whatwewantisforthewholeworldtoproducetheirownfood,"MariaAureliaXitumul,amemberofagriculturalcommunityQachuuAloom,toldTheGuardian."Fortheseeds,distancedoesn'texist.Bordersdon'texist."Mostrecently,Xitumulsaidthatduringthepandemic,peoplewiththeirowngardens,especiallyinlockeddowncommunities,feltsecureknowingtheyhadcontrolovertheirfoodsupply,thankstoamaranth.

"Amaranthhasco