2023屆陜西省咸陽(yáng)市高三高考模擬檢測(cè)（一）英語(yǔ)試題

第1頁(yè)/共1頁(yè)咸陽(yáng)市2023年高考模擬檢測(cè)（一）英語(yǔ)試題注意事項(xiàng)：1.本試卷共10頁(yè)，全卷滿分150分，答題時(shí)間為120分鐘；2.答卷前，考生須準(zhǔn)確填寫自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)，并認(rèn)真核準(zhǔn)條形碼上的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)；3.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。4.考試結(jié)束后，監(jiān)考員將答題卡按順序收回，裝袋整理；試題不回收。第一部分：聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題，每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Howdidthemanlearnhisbasketballskills?A.Fromhisschoolteam.B.Fromhisbrother.C.Fromhisworkteam.2.Whatwilltheboydofirst?A.Watchamovie.B.Havedinner.C.Finishhishomework.3.WheredidSallybuyhershirt?A.Atthedepartmentstore.B.Atanexpensivestore.C.OntheInternet.4Howdoestheboyfeelabouthisexam?A.Proud.B.Pleased.C.Disappointed.5.Whatdoesthewomanprobablydo?A.Sheisachef.B.Sheisawaitress.C.Sheisamanager.第二節(jié)（共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wheredoesthemanwanttogo?A.Tohisoffice.B.Toabusstation.C.Tothecentrallibrary.7.Howdoesthewomansoundtotheman?A.Thankful.B.Sympathetic.C.Confused.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whyisthemanupset?A.Hehastofixhiscar.B.Hedoesn’tlikethesnow.C.Hehasbeentoobusywithwork.9.Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A.At4:00.B.At12:00.C.At12:30.10.Wherewillthemangonext?A.Theoffice.B.Thetrainstation.C.Thewoman’shouse.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whatisthematterwiththe,man’ssonatschool?A.Hedoesn’tdowellintests.B.Heislonelywithfewfriends.C.Heiseasilydistractedinclass.12.Whatdoesthewomansuggesttheman’ssondo?A.Makemorenewfriends.B.Havemorechallenginghomework.C.Practicemorebeforetests.13.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Wifeandhusband.B.Teacherandparent.C.Friends.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Wherearethewoman’sparentsstayingbeforetheyretire?A.InNewYork.B.InCalifornia.C.InFlorida.15.Whatwillthemandoafterhighschoolgraduation?A.Travelaroundtheworld.B.AttenduniversityinBoston.C.Takeapart-timejob.16.Whendidthemantakeacampustour?A.Lastweek.B.Yesterday.C.Lastmonth.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhoisAnna?A.AnoperatorB.Anassistant.C.Arider.18.Whatisthespeakerexplaining?A.Whatarideoperatorshoulddo.B.Howtheyshouldtakeapictureontheride.C.Whatrulestheyarefortheride.19.Whathappenedearliertodaytoarider?A.Hissafetybeltbroke.B.Helosthisphoneontheride.C.Hewasremovedfromtheparkforspitting.20.Whatwilltheaudiencedonext?A.Boardthecar.B.AskAnnasomequestions.C.Getsomefoodanddrinks.第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ATicketInformationDuetoextremelyhighdemand,ticketsforthethreetraditionalend-of-yearconcertsoftheViennaPhilharmonicaredrawnexclusivelyontheViennaPhilharmonicwebsite.Inthisway,peopleworldwidehaveanequalchancetopurchasethesehighlydesiredtickets.ApplicationPeriod:February1-28,2023Duringthisperiod,interestedpersonscanapplyonthiswebsiteforticketstothePreviewPerformance,theNewYear’sEveConcert,andtheNewYear’sConcert.Thefirststeptowardmakinganapplicationforticketsistoregisterforthedrawing.TheregistrationisseparatefromyouruseraccountfortheWebshopandisspecificallyforthedrawing.Userscanentertheirticketpreferencesfortheupcomingconcertsduringtheapplicationperiod.PriceCategoriesThenumberofticketsfortheNewYear’sConcertislimitedtotwo,andthenumberofticketsforthePreviewPerformanceandNewYear’sEveConcertcanbeuptofour.Theticketpricesrangebetween35€and1200€fortheNewYear’sConcert,25€and860€fortheNewYear’sEveConcert,andbetween20€and495€forthePreviewPerformance.Ifyouwishtochangeyourapplication,youmayonlydosoduringtheapplicationperiod.InMarch,youwillknowtheresultsofthedrawing.WhenShouldIApply?Withintheone-monthapplicationperiod,theactualtimeofapplicationisirrelevant.AnapplicationmadeonFebruary1hasthesamechancesasanapplicationmadeonFebruary28.Theonlywaytoobtainticketsfortheseconcertsisbytakingpartintheonlinedrawing!Requestssubmittedthroughthepostalsystem,bye-mailorbyanyothermeanswillnotbeconsidered!1.Whocouldbemostinterestedinthisinformation?A.Awebsitedesigner. B.Apaintinglover.C.Amusicfan. D.Atouristguide.2.Whatdoyouhavetodotogettickets?A.Applyonemonthinadvance. B.Participateinthedrawing.C.Sende-mailstothewebshop. D.Usethesamenameastheuseraccount.3.HowmuchmustyoupayatleastfortwoticketsforthePreviewPerformance?A.70€. B.25€. C.50€. D.40€.BBorninRussiaandlivinginanorphanage(孤兒院)forthefirst13monthsofherlife,JessicaLonghadnoideawhatherfuturewouldhold.ThelittlegirlbornwithFibularHemimeliawouldnotonlygoontobea13-timegoldmedal-winningParalympicchampion,butshewouldinspireotherstochasetheirdreams.LongwasborninRussia,whereshelivedinanorphanageuntilherparentsadoptedherin1993.Soonafterbeingadopted,shehadtohaveherlegsamputated(截肢)atonlyayearandahalf.“Itgavemealotoffreedomandmovement,”Longsaid.“Butgrowingupwasdefinitelyreallyhard.Fromaveryearlyage,IjustdecidedthatIwasgoingtobeunstoppableandIwasn’tgoingtoletmylegsholdmeback.”Fromthatpointforward,shedidn’tletanyonetellherwhatshewasorwasn’tcapableofdoing.Shestarteddoinggymnasticsasakid.Then,in2002,Longfoundhersportforlife:swimming!“Iwastheonlygirlwithnolegsontheswimteam,”shesaid.“ThereweremomentsIstruggled,butmyteammatestreatedmelikeafriend.WhenIlookbackonmylifeandIthinkaboutanyoneonthatteam,noonemadefunofmeforhavingnolegsandtheyweresokind.”Longdefied(頂住)alloddsandsurprisedeveryonewhenshequalifiedatageonly12fortheParalympicsin2004inAthens.AfterfourParalympics,Longhaswon13gold,sixsilver,andfourbronzemedals.ShehasdozensofWorldChampionshipmedalsandhasbrokennumerousworldrecordsthroughouthercareersofar.Butshedidn’tconcentrateonwinningawardsorbeingfamous.“Ireallyjustloveswimming.It’simportantforanyathletetorememberjustwhyyoustarted,”shesaid.Asoneofthemostdecoratedathletesinhistory,Long’sgoalistojustkeepcompetingaslongasherbodyallows.“Dreambig,”shesaid.“Therearesomanypossibilitiesoutthere,sofindyourpassion,beconsistentandworkhard.Youdefineyourownsuccess.”4.HowoldwasLongwhenshefoundherlifesport?A.11 B.10. C.12. D.13.5.WhatmadeJessicadeterminetodevoteherselftoswimming?A.Herexperienceofwinning13goldmedals.B.Herparents’supportandteachers’help.C.Herteammates’understandingandkindness.D.Herfocusonwinningawardsandfame.6.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Apoororphanageandherclosefriends.B.Ahappygirlandherconfusingchildhood.C.Anamazingillnessanditsterribleinfluence.D.Aninspiringstoryaboutanunluckyperson.7.WhichofthefollowingmayLongmostagreewith?A.Ifyoucandreamit,youcanmakeit.B.Ifyouwanttosucceed,learntoswim.C.Amanneverreachessuccessuntildisabled.D.Asportsman’sgoaliswinninggoldmedals.CNeuroscientists(神經(jīng)科學(xué)家)nowknowthatbrainmaturation(成熟)occursfarlaterthanpreviouslythought.Greatchangesinbrainarestilltakingplaceduringyoungadulthood,especiallyintheregionsthatareimportantforplanningahead,expectingthefutureresultsofone’sdecisions,andcomparingriskandreward.Indeed,somebrainregionsdonotreachfullmaturityuntiltheearly20s.Shouldthisnewknowledgemakeusrethinkwherewedrawlegalboundariesbetweenkidsandadults?Maybe.Butit’snotassimpleasitseemsfortworeasons.First,differentbrainregionsmaturealongwithdifferenttimetables.Thereisnosingleageatwhichtheadolescentbrainbecomesanadultbrain.Systemsresponsibleforlogicalreasoningmaturewhenpeopleare16,butthoseinvolvedinself-regulationarestilldevelopinginyoungadulthood.Thisiswhy16-year-oldsarejustascapableasadultswhenitcomestopermittinginformedmedicalpapers,butarestillimmatureinwaysthatreducetheircriminalresponsibility,astheSupremeCourthasnotedinseveralrecentcases.Usingdifferentagesfordifferentlegalboundariesseemsstrange,butitwouldmakeneuro-scientificsenseifwediditreasonably.Second,sciencehasneverhadmuchinfluenceonthesedecisions.Ifitdid,wewouldn’thavelivedinasocietythatallowsteenagerstodrivebeforetheycanbuybeer.Ageboundariesaredrawnmainlyforpoliticalreasons,notscientificones.It’sapitythatNeurosciencewon’thavemuchofanimpactonpoliticsalthoughitisalwayscorrect.Childrenaresochangeableintheirgrowthandhowculturesunderstandchilddevelopmentissodifferent.Itispointlesstotrytodeterminethe“right”ageofmaturation.TheDutch,forexample,allowchildrentodrinkalcoholattheageof16butnottodriveuntiltheyare19.EvenifIfirmlybelievelegaldecisionsshouldrefertoNeuroscienceseriouslyandit’sagoodideatolowerthedrinkingageandraisethedrivingageintheUS,Irecognizethatthegovernmentmightneveracceptit.8.Whatcanwelearnaboutbrainmaturationaccordingtothepassage?A.Allthebrainareasbecomematureatthesametime.B.Scientists’brainmaturesmuchearlierthanpoliticians’.C.Theregioninchargeoflogicalreasoningisn’tmatureuntil18.D.Thetimeofbrainmaturationisnotasearlyasthoughtbefore.9.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsNeuroscience?A.Favorable. B.Skeptical. C.Indifferent. D.Intolerant.10.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.It’sillegalforaDutchboytodriveattheageof16.BThecultureoftheDutchismuchbetterthantheUSA.C.It’sofgreatvaluetodeterminetherightageofmaturation.D.Theinfluenceofscienceonlawandpolicymakingisverybig.11.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ShouldChildrenLearnfromCapableAdults?B.CanNeuroscienceCreateMatureScientists?C.ShouldNeuroscienceAffectLawDecisions?D.CanChildrenDriveandDrinkBeerLikeAdults?DBothlab-grownandplant-basedalternativesareclosetothetasteandnutritionalvalueofrealmeatwithoutenvironmentaldamage.TheUNexpectstheworldtohave9.8billionpeopleby2050.Bythatdate,accordingtothepredictions,humanswillconsume70%moremeatthantheydidin2005.Anditturnsoutthatraisinganimalsforhumanconsumptionisamongtheworstthingswedototheenvironment.Dependingontheanimal,producingapoundofmeatproteinwithWestemindustrializedmethodsneeds4to25timesmorewater,6to17timesmoreland,and6to20timesmorefossilfuelsthanproducingapoundofplantprotein.Theproblemisthatpeoplearen’tlikelytostopeatingmeatanytimesoon.Thismeanslab-grownandplant-basedalternativesmightbethebestwaytolimitthedamage.Makinglab-grownmeatinvolvesgettingmuscletissuefromanimalsandgrowingitinbioreactors.Theendproductlooksmuchlikewhatyou’dgetfromananimal,althoughresearchersarestillworkingonthetaste.ResearchersatMaastrichtUniversity,whoareworkingtoproducelab-grownmeatatscale,believethey’llhavealab-grownburgeravailablebynextyear.Oneshortcomingoflab-grownmeatisthattheenvironmentalbenefitsarestillsmall-arecentWorldEconomicForumreportsaystheemissionsfromlab-grownmeatwouldbeonlyaround7％lessthanemissionsfrombeefproduction.Abetterenvironmentalcasecanbemadeforplant-basedmeatsfromcompanieslikeBeyondMeatFoodswhichusepeaproteins,wheat,potatoes,andplantoilstomimictherealtasteofanimalmeat.AccordingtoananalysisbytheCenterforSustainableSystemsattheUniversityofMichigan,aBeyondMeatpiewouldprobablygenerate90%lessgreenhouse-gasemissionsthanatraditionalburgermadefromacow.12.Whywerelab-grownandplant-basedmeatintroduced?A.Toeatmoretastyanddeliciousmeat. B.Toreducedamagetotheenvironment.C.Tohaveasmuchproteinaspeoplecan. D.Toridtheworldofseverehungerproblems.13.Whatcanwelearnaboutlab-grownmeatfromParagraph3?A.Makinglab-grownmeatinvolveskillinganimalsfirst.B.Consuminglab-grownmeatcanberealizednextyear.C.Thecostoflab-grownbeefis7%cheaperthanrealbeef.D.Thedamageoflab-grownmeattotheenvironmentisstillbig.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mimic”inParagraph4probablymean?A.Copy. B.Ruin. C.Change. D.Sell.15.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Atextbook. B.Anexampaper. C.Asciencemagazine. D.Acourseplan.第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Arhetoricalquestionisaquestionthatrequiresnoreply,eitherbecausetheanswerisobviousorbecausetheaskeralreadyknowstheanswer.Asoneofthemostcommonlyusedpersuasivetechniquesforspeeches,itissoeffectiveatattractingyouraudience.____16____.So,youneedtofindtherightbalance!Forceyouraudiencetothink.____17____,andyouraudiencewillstartthinkingabouttheanswersbythemselves.Thesequestionsdon’thavefixedorstandardanswers.Forexample,“Whatdoyouthinktheworldwilllooklikein50years?Whatweresomeideasthatpoppedintoyourhead?Istheworldexactlythesameasourstoday?Doesithavelevitatingcarsandmagicglasses?Orisitdyingfromclimatechange?”Yousee,whensomeoneasksyouarhetoricalquestion,youstarttoexploredifferentideasinyourmind.____18____.Emphasizeaspecificpoint.Youcanuserhetoricalquestionstoemphasizeyourpreviousstatement.____19____.Forexample:“67%ofallAustraliansareoverweight.Areyouoneofthem?”Here,therhetoricalquestionhammersthepreviousstatementinyourmind.Yourealizethat67%isactuallyareallyhighpercentage.Evokeemotions.Rhetoricalquestionscanalsoevokeemotionsbyputtingtheaudienceinasituationwheretheycanhavereal-timeexperiencewithwhatisbeingdiscussed.Let’schangethestatement“Futuregenerationswillneverseetigersorpolarbearsagain”intoarhetoricalquestion“Whatifyourchildandtheirchildcanneverseeatigerorpolarbearagain?”____20____.Thishelpsyouconvincethemtobelieveyourspeech.A.Askopen-endedquestionsB.WhenyouraudiencethinkyouareanicemanC.UsenewtechnologiestopreventyouraudiencefromtakinganapDManypeoplewillbecertainlyemotionalbyhearingsuchquestionsE.ThiswillmakeyouraudiencethinkhardaboutwhatyousaidjustnowF.YoumightevenfindyourselfexploringnewpossibilitiesyouneverthoughtbeforeG.However,overusingrhetoricaltechniquescanalsomakeyourspeechsoundtoorepetitive第三部分：英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Almosteightyearsago,Nixondecidedtobegineachdayfromabench,enjoyingaspectacularsunriseattheSt.Petersburg,Florida,waterfront.“Icallit‘liferising’becausewatchinga____21____makesmefeelcenteredbeforestartingmyday,”saysNixon.It’sNixon’sown____22____ofhismotivation.However,ayearlater,apassingwoman____23____hisoriginalthoughtonhisdaily____24____.Shesaid,“EverymorningwhenIseeyousittinghere,Iknowthat____25____isgoingtobeOK.”Nixon____26____“ItwasatthatmomentthatIsuddenlyrealized:Everypersonwhostoppedbythebench____27____myattention.Ineededtomakeeye____28____andletpeopleknowwe____29____toeachother.”Insteadofjust______30______atthesunrise,Nixonstartedsmilingatpeopleandlendinga(n)______31______tolistentothemwithoutaskingforanyreturn.Andprettysoon,hestarted______32______withsomeearlyriserswhobeganjoininghimonthebench.Later,somestrangerseven______33______themselvesouttoturntoNixonforadviceaboutrelationships,careers,andpersonalproblems.“Iwashappyto______34______,”Nixon,59,says,“Iwantedpeopletoknowthattheyneedn’tfeel______35______orupsetwhenwalkingaway.Atthisperiodinlife,thisis______36______mypurpose.”So,everymorning,weatherpermitting,Nixon______37______at4:30a.m,putsonahat,sipsacupofcoffee,then______38______thewaterfront,wherehe’llstayfortwohours.Hispresence,his______39______tolisten,andhiskindnesstoward______40______,haveledsometonicknamehimtheSunshineMayor.21.A.sea B.wave C.sunrise D.passer-by22.A.description B.organization C.invitation D.addition23.A.posted B.ignored C.regretted D.changed24.A.routine B.appointment C.business D.movement25.A.anything B.everything C.something D.nothing26.A.rewards B.reports C.rebuilds D.recalls27.A.avoided B.deserved C.attempted D.paid28.A.direction B.information C.escape D.contact29.A.belonged B.separated C.mattered D.devoted30.A.staring B.glaring C.watching D.enjoying31.A.heart B.ear C.nose D.eye32.A.vacations B.conflicts C.arguments D.conversations33.A.worked B.left C.poured D.pointed34.A.listen B.leave C.stay D.sit35.A.friendly B.silly C.lonely D.likely36.A.regularly B.definitely C.secretly D.frequently37.A.rises B.sleeps C.works D.starts38.A.headsup B.headson C.headsfor D.headsback39.A.selfishness B.loneliness C.hardness D.openness40.A.colleagues B.strangers C.friends D.acquaintances第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Dailyactivitiesand____41____(ceremony)toshowfilialpiety(孝心)havebeenanessentialpartoftraditionalChinesevirtues,andoneimportantoccasioninautumnistheChongyangFestival,orDoubleNinthFestival,which____42____(observe)ontheninthdayoftheninthmonthontheChineselunarcalendar,isanimportantoccasiontoshowlovetowardparents.Familieswilltakeseniorstoclimbupthemountains____43____(enjoy)thecool,refreshingairofthefall,appreciateavarietyofchrysanthemums(菊花)infullbloomandwishforlivinglong,amongotheractivitiestocheeruptheelderlyandmake____44____(they)well-preparedforthecomingwinter.Thisyear,ChongyangFestivalfellonOct4.ChinaTraditionalCulturalMuseummountedaseriesofpublicprogramsto____45____(rich)people’sholidayandenhancetheatmosphereoftheChongyangFestival.Experiencedhandicrafts(手工藝人)wereatthesitetoshowskills____46____relatetothelivesofoldpeopleinthepast.Forexample,HeKaiying____47____thetime-hon