第四單元 教學(xué) 新課標(biāo) 人教版

TEACHINGDESIGNSFORUNITFOUREARTHQUAKE(MODUEL1)KoujianrongShouguangcityShandongProvince.教學(xué)目標(biāo)：1、本單元的主題是“地震”。要求學(xué)生了解地震的成因，預(yù)兆，地震造成的損失，地震時的應(yīng)急救生以及震后的救援。2、本單元的語法是熟練運用that,which,who,whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句。3、學(xué)會寫過去的經(jīng)歷，如新聞報道等。教學(xué)過程：本單元分為5個課時，大體安排如下：Period1:WarmingupandReadingPeriod2:Words.ExpressionsandsentencesPeriod3:Grammar:TheAttributiveClsusesPeriod4:ListeningandSpeakingPeriod5:ReadingandWriting.

Period1WarmingupandReadingWarmingup:(15′)BeforethisperiodtheSshavepreviewedthepassage.Soatthebeginningofthisperiod,IwillshowsomepicturestotheSsandaskthemtosaysomethingaboutthepictures.Thesepicturesshowsthedisasterortheterribledamagetotherailways,roads,buildings,bridgesandsoon..

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.AsktheSstoanswerthefollowingquestions,theycanworkingroupsandhaveadiscussion.Questions:DoyouknowanythingaboutTangshanEarthquakein1976?2.Doyouknowwhathappenedbeforeanearthquake?3.Whatcanwedotokeepourselvessafefromanearthquake?.3minuteslatercollecttheanswersontheblackboard(10′)1.1)WeknowTangshanearthquakehappenedonJuly28,1976.2)Itwasthegreatestearthquakeof20thcenturyinChina.3)Thousandsofthousandsofpeoplebecamehomelessinashorttime.4)Beforetheearthquake,manystrangethingshappenedbutpeoplethoughtlittleofthem.5)Suchagreatnumberofpeoplediedduringtheearthquake,becausethequakehappenedwhiletheyweresleeping.Inordertoanswerquestion2theSscanlookatthepicturesonPage252.1)Thereisoftenagreatsoundbeforeanearthquake.2)Animalsmaybetoonervoustoeat.3)Maybetherearebrightlightsinthesky.4)Asmellygasmaycomeoutofthewell.5)Inthecitythewaterpipesinsomebuildingscrackandburst.3.1)Wecanmakethehousesasstrongaspossible,weakbuildingswillfalldowninanearthquake,butstrongonesmaystayup..1.LettheSsreadthepassagequicklyandsilentlyanddoexercise/onPage27.7minuteslaterchecktheanswers.2.ReadthepassageagainandlearnaboutthemainideaofthewholepassageandeachparagraphEarthquakesareterriblydestructivetopeopleandproperty(Mainidea)ParagraphOne:naturalsignsbeforeearthquake.ParagraphTwoandThree:terribledestruction.ParagraphFour:rescueandhelp..3.Readthepassageathirdtimethistimetalkaboutthefollowingquestions.1.Whatnaturalsignsofacomingdisasterwerethere?2.Whateventsprobablymadethedisasterworse?3.Howwerethesurvivorshelped?AsksomeSstospeakouttheiranswers,certainlytheycanusethesentencesinthetext.TheresttimeasktheSstodiscussthedifficultsentenceswiththehelpofteacher,atthesametimeaskthemtopayattentiontotheimportantsentences:.Theimportantsentences:Buttheonemillionpeopleofthecity,whothoughtlittleoftheseevents,wenttobedasusualthatnight.但是，唐山市的一百萬居民幾乎都沒有把這些情況當(dāng)一回事，當(dāng)天晚上照常上床睡覺了。2.Infifteenterriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins.在可怕的15秒內(nèi)，一座大城市就沉淪在一片廢墟之中。3.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorinjuredreachedmorethan400,000.死傷的人數(shù)達(dá)到40多萬。4.Someoftherescueworkersanddoctorsweretrappedundertheruins.有些醫(yī)生和救援人員被困在廢墟下面。5.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.軍隊組成小分隊，將受困的人們挖出來，將死者埋掉。6.Allhopewasnotlost.不是所有的希望都破滅了。.Homework(自習(xí)安排)找出文中的含有生詞的句子進行熟記。

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Period2Words.ExpressionsandSentences處理單詞、短語和句子。本單元要求掌握的單詞有35個，短語6個，除了rightaway,atanend,digout,agreatnumberof,giveout,thousandsof,另外還有asusual,thinklittleof,lieinruins等。下節(jié)課開始檢查，要求同學(xué)們對于Reading中含有重點生詞和短語的句子的掌握情況，并就一些重點詞、詞組進行造句、填空、辨析等方面的練習(xí)，讓學(xué)生能夠做到靈活運用本單元的生詞。如：1、比較法1.rise(rose,risen)與raise(raised,raised)risevi.升起；上升；增長。說明主語自身移向較高位置。raisevt.舉起，提高，抬高，說明主語發(fā)出的動作是要作用于其他事物的。1)Thesun

intheeastandsetsinthewest.(rises)2)Heavyrains

thewaterlevel.(raised)3)Aftertheheavyrain,theriver

bytwofeet.(rose)4)Thecyclistshopeto

moneytohelpthousandsofblindchildren.(raise).2.agreatnumberof與thenumberof，“anumberof”很多，好些，在number之前可加large,small,great等表示程度，只修飾可數(shù)名詞，作主語時謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Thenumberof表示“……的數(shù)量”，后接可數(shù)名詞，作主語時謂語動詞用單數(shù)而不用復(fù)數(shù)。1)Thenumberofthestudentsintheschool

increasedgreatlysince2000.(has;have)2)Anumberofstudents

killedintheearthquake.(was;were)ofpeoplecametothemeetingfromalloverthecountry.(Anumber;Thenumber)列舉法：3.giveoutvt.分發(fā)；發(fā)表；公布（消息）；放出，發(fā)出（聲音、光線、氣味等）vi.用完，用盡讓學(xué)生翻譯下列句子：（giveout意思較多，可通過例句讓學(xué)生體會）1)Theteachergaveouttheexampaperstothestudents.(分發(fā)試卷)2)Hotwatergivesoutsteamgas.（放出，發(fā)出）3）Thegovernmenthasgivenoutthenews.（公布消息）4）Ourstrengthhasgivenout.

（用完，不用被動）強化練習(xí)：Ex.(2005山東32)Whatshallweuseforpowerwhenalltheoilintheworldhas

?A.givenoutB.putoutC.heldupD.usedup（這樣的練習(xí)可以增加學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的興趣和動力）.翻譯法：4.honourvt.尊敬；紀(jì)念；給……帶來榮譽n.(u.)尊敬，名譽；(c.)帶來榮譽的人或事dohonourtosb.禮遇某人；inhonourof紀(jì)念……向……表示敬意；honoursb.for…給…以榮譽；為…紀(jì)念…Translate:1）我們尊敬他由于他的勇氣。2）他的父母以他為榮。3）你肯賞光與我跳舞嗎？4）你竟注意到我，我感到很榮幸。Possibleanswers:1)Wehonourhimforhiscourage.2)Heisanhonourtohisparents.3)Wouldyoudomethehonourfordancingwithme.4)I’mhonouredthatyoushouldnoticeme..設(shè)置語境填空：5.用下列詞填空：（用其正確的形式填空）electricity,disaster,destroy,shelter,trap,dam,steel,use1.Somerescueworkerswere

undertheruins.2.Theybuilt

forsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeen

.3.Aftertheearthquake,therailwaytracksbecame

piecesof

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fellandmostofthebridgesalsofell.5.

hadtobecutoff.Peoplewonderedhowlongthe

wouldlast.(1.trapped2.sheltersdestroyed3.useless,steel4.dams5.Electricity,disaster).本節(jié)課還要處理完P(guān)27learningaboutLanguage中的Exx1,2,and3.，在講解詞匯用法的同時，注意Ex3中數(shù)字、分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá)式，讀法及其用法。參見課后注釋Note2,P82（講得很詳細(xì)，可讓同學(xué)自己看，也可領(lǐng)著同學(xué)們一起看。）還要完成workbookP63,Usingwordsandexpressions中的Ex1.CompletethepassageandEx2.translatetheSentences.這里面的一些句子老師在講解單詞時就可以選一些做例句，讓學(xué)生順便做了。本節(jié)課主要處理字、詞句讓學(xué)生進一步理解課文，并能運用所學(xué)新詞..Period3語法——定語從句(TheAttributiveClauses)本單元的語法是學(xué)習(xí)關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句：Reading中包含有定語從句的句子有六個：1.Buttheonemillionpeopleofthecity,whothoughtlittleoftheseevents,wenttobedasusualthatnight.2.ItwasheardinBeijing,whichisonehundredkilometersaway.3.Ahugecrackthatwaseightkilometerslongandthirtymetreswidecutacrosshouses,roadsandcanals.4.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorinjuredreachedmorethan400,000.5.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.6.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed..他們分別為由關(guān)系代詞who,which,that,whose引導(dǎo)的定語從句。定語從句是高中英語教學(xué)的重點，也是同學(xué)們學(xué)習(xí)的難點。雖然在初中就涉及到了定語從句，但很多同學(xué)印象并不深刻。我在講解時，注意了以下幾點：1、與定語從句相關(guān)概念的介紹；如：什么是先行詞，什么是關(guān)系代詞，以及關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中分別起什么作用（主語、賓語、定語還是狀語）。2、關(guān)系詞的正確選擇是學(xué)習(xí)定語從句的關(guān)鍵。關(guān)系詞選擇的方法是代入法，即將先行詞代入定語從句中，判斷其在定語從句中所起的作用。3、先行詞是關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞也是學(xué)生容易混淆的地方（副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句在Unit5里學(xué)習(xí)到）。如：1)Thisisthefactorywhich/thatIvisited.2)ThisisthefactorywhereIworked.這兩個詞的選擇主要是看定語從句中缺的是什么成分，1）句中的visit為及物動詞，factory是visit的賓語，所以用關(guān)系代詞，而2）句中的work為不及物動詞，和factory的關(guān)系為workinthefactory作狀語，所以用關(guān)系副詞，很多同學(xué)即使是英語成績不錯的同學(xué)這一用法也搞不清楚。4、為幫助學(xué)生學(xué)好定語從句，掌握關(guān)系詞的用法，可選擇一些典型的例句或練習(xí)，讓學(xué)生模仿和記憶。如：.易混淆的定語從句比較選擇1．1）Thisisthebus

Itooktheotherday.2)Thebus

Iwenttoworkbrokedown.A.whichB.inwhichC.bywhichD.where2.1)Isthisflat

youoneliyedin?2)Isthistheflat

youoncelivedin?3)Isthistheonlyflat

youoncelivedin?4)Isthistheflatin

youoncelived?5)Isittheflat

youoncelivedin?A.whichB.thereC.theoneD.that3.All

weneedismorefood.A.thatB.whichC./D.AandC.4.1)

toldyoutogiveupsmokingwasquiteright.2)

toldyoutogiveupsmokingwerequiteright.A.ThosewhoB.WhoC.IfanyoneD.Whoever5.1)Thisisoneofthebestnovels

lastyear.2)Thisistheonlyoneofthebestnovels

lastyear.A.whichwerepublishedB.whichwaspublishedC.thatwerepublishedD.thatwaspublished6.1)Shehastwoshirts,

wereboughtlastmonth.2)Shehastwoshirts

wereboughtlastmonth.A.bothofwhichB.BothofwhichC.bothofthemD.Bothofthem.賓語從句中that與which不能互用的幾種情況也需要老師們給學(xué)生講一下，隨著以后地定語從句的學(xué)習(xí)，老師們還要陸續(xù)講解：1）as與which的不同；2）關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)的定語從句與where引導(dǎo)的地點狀語從句和名詞性從句的區(qū)別；3）定語從句與強調(diào)句型，老師們可分別給學(xué)生進行歸類，分析，有助于他們熟練掌握。練習(xí)P2x.Ex2,WorkbookP64usingstructureEx1，老師可把某些典型的高考題提供給同學(xué)們做，以增加他們的成就感。1.(2005全國14)Ihavemanyfriends,

somearebusinessmen.A.ofthenB.fromwhichC.whoofD.ofwhom2.（2005北京35）-Whydoesshealwaysaskyouforhelp?-Thereisnooneelse

,isthere?A.whototurntoB.shecanturntoC.forwhomtoturnD.forhertoturn3.（2005上海40）Ifashophaschairs

womencanparktheirmen,womenwillspendmoretimeintheshop?A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where4.(2005山東30)Hewaseducatedatalocalgrammarschool,

hewentontoCambridge.A.fromwhichB.afterthatC.afterwhichD.fromthis.Period4ListeningandtalkingⅠ.Listeningtothepassage(Reading1)carefullyandtrytoanswerquestions:1.Thetitleofthetextis“Anighttheearthdidn’tsleep”.whatdoyouthinkaboutanothertitle”Tangshanearthquake?”2.Whydoesthewritersay“Thewholecitybegantobreatheagain?”.1)Thetitleofthetextis“Anighttheearthdidn’tsleep”whatdoyouthinkaboutanothertitle“Tangshanearthquake?”Thereisnodefiniteanswertothisquestion.Differentpeoplemayhavedifferentopinions.Askthestudentstocomparethetwotitles.Whataretheadvantagesandwhatarethedisadvantages?Thewritercomparesthecitytoaperson.It’smorevividinwritingstyle.Thesecondtitlemaybemoredirect.2)Whydoesthewritersay“Thewholecitybegantobreatheagain?”Inthetext,thewritercomparesthecitytoaperson,whentheearthquakehappened,allthecitywascompletelydestroyed.Aftertheearthquake,peopledidagreatdealofworktorebuildthecity.Andsometimelater,thewholecityreturnedtonormal,asadyingpersonrecoveredfromafatalillness.TheSsdiscussingroupsandtheteachercollecttheiranswersontheblackboard..Ⅱ.ListeningOnPage30Listentothetape,thepassagetellsthestoryofamanwhowasasurvivorofthegreatSanFranciscoearthquakeof1906.1.Beforelistening,asktheSstolookthroughtheQuestionsinEx1Page30,Trueorfalse.Thenlistentothetapeand(helptheSstrytograspthekeysentences)forexample,Fromthesentence“Igrabbedmyclothesandhurrieddownstairs”weknowBoth1and2areFalseandtrytodoEx2onPage30.3.AthirdtimeandhaveadiscussionComparethedifferenceandsimilarityofthetwoearthquakes,Tangshanearthquakeof1976andSanFranciscoearthquakeof1906.AsktheSstoworkingroupsandthentheteacherasksomeofthemtospeakouttheiranswers.AtlastasktheSstoreadthepassageonP65andmakeaclearercomprehensionofSanFranciscoearthquake..Period5Readingandwriting本單元的閱讀部分提供了一封信，要求學(xué)生閱讀后寫一篇大地震紀(jì)念公園落成儀式上的演講稿，接著說了唐山大地震紀(jì)念郵票。寫作部分要求訓(xùn)練學(xué)生如何寫新聞報道，學(xué)會擬定寫作提綱。.Step1ReadingReadthefirstpartandcompletethetwotasks:1.Readtheletterandaskthestudentstolearnwhatstudentsshouldincludeintheirspeeches.Besuretohavestudentsconsiderwhotheiraudienceisandhowtheychoosetheirwordsandmannerofspeaking.2.Findoutthesentenceswithattributiveclauses.(4個)Step2WritinganoutlineTelltheSsiftheywanttowriteanarticleforanewspaperaboutaspecialeventthathappenedintheirhometown.Theyshouldwriteanoutlinefirst:Anoutlineshouldhave:aheadlinealist