湖南省部分學校2022-2023學年高一上學期12月選科調研考試英語試題（ 含答案解析 ）

第1頁/共1頁2022年下學期高一選科調研考試英語本試卷共8頁。全卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。注意事項:1.答題前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在本試卷和答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應的答案標號涂黑，如有改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案;答非選擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回:第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwillthespeakersdotomorrow?A.Haveaparty.B.VisitCarol’shouse.C.Havetwotests.2.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Makingacall.B.Drivingacar.C.WatchingTV.3.HowmuchwoulditcosttostayattheSwissChaletforaweek?A.100dollars.B.115dollars.C.126dollars.4.Whatdowelearnfromtheconversation?A.Ithappensathome.B.Thesocksareofgoodquality.C.Thewomaniscomplainingaboutthesocks.5.WhatdidthemandolastFriday?A.Hehaddinnerout.B.Hewenttothecinema.C.Helistenedtoaconcert.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至8題。6.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Mr.Adamsisnotinhisofficethen.B.Mrs.Adamsiscallingfromherhome.C.Mr.Adams’motherisarrivingat1:00p.m.7.Whatdoesthewomanwanttotellherhusband?A.Toringherathome.B.Topickherupat1:00p.m.C.HermotherwillcomeonThursday.8.Whatisthewoman’snumber?A.2687435.B.7733298.C.7732398.聽第7段材料，回答第9至11題。9.WhichcitywillJohnworkin?A.London.B.Paris.C.NewYork.10.WhenwillJohnleave?A.NextFriday.B.NextSaturday.C.NextSunday.11.Whendoesthewomanplantohaveagoing-awayparty?A.OnSaturdaymorning.B.OnSundayafternoon.C.OnFridayevening.聽第8段材料，回答第12至14題。12.Wheredoesthewomanlive?A.InBritain.B.InCaribbean.C.InAmerica.13Howwouldthewomantravelaroundtheworld?A.Byboat.B.Bytrain.C.Byplane.14.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?A.Themanisfondoftravellingaroundtheworldbyair.B.ThewomanwouldliketogotoCaribbeaninsummer.C.Themanwouldliketotravelaroundtheworldbysea.聽第9段材料，回答第15至17題。15.Wherearethespeakers?A.Ataradiostation.B.OnaTVshow.C.Intheforest.16.Howmanykindsoftreesarethereinonesquarekilometer?A.About750.B.About1,500.C.About400.17.Whatisthewomanmostprobably?A.Areporter.B.Astudent.C.Ascientist.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18.HowlongdoestheschooldaylastinSingapore?A.4hours.B.5hours.C.5hoursandfiftyminutes.19.Whatwillmoststudentsdoafterschool?A.Attendextraclasses.B.Dotheirhomework.C.Playsports.20.Whereisthestudents’pressurefrom?A.Theirparents.B.Theentranceexam.C.Theirteachers.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ASchoolisoutandcampseasonishere!Thefollowingsarethemostpopularcampsavailableforyourteen.AdventureCampAdventurecampgiveschildrenandteensawildernessexperience.Thekeypurposeistoputthechildinanunfamiliarenvironment,offeringprogramsinhikingandtrekking,mountainbiking,androckclimbingamongothers.Childrenlearnnewskillsfromtrainers.Duringthe7-daystayhere,childrengrowinself-confidenceanddeveloptheirteam-buildingskillsbyworkingwithanewsetoffriends.WatersportsCampTheWatersportsCampisthenewestwaythatweprepareforteensbyprovidinganotheropportunitytogrowintheirfaith.Thiscampwillallowthecamperstobeonthewateralmosteveryday.Theywillbewakeboarding,tubingandmorebehindworldclassboats.Followourprofessionaltrainersandspendanunforgettableweekhereonthewater!Specialty(特長)CampWhatevertheinterestofyourchild,thereisprobablyaspecialfocuscampforthem.Specialtycamps’strengthistheirdedicatedfocusonthefeaturedactivity.Largepartsofthedayarespentonthespecialtythecamperisinterestedintogetherwithskilledtrainers.Awiderangeofdifferentactivitieswillbearrangedintheeveningsandatweekendstoensurethecampersarebusyandhappy.YoucansignupeveryFridayandawonderful4-daycampiswaitingforyou!LeadershipSummerCampLeadershipsummercamps,whichlasttendays,helpstudentshaveamorepositiveandopenattitudetowardsnewandunknownthings.Workingwithexperiencedtrainersandusinginteractiveworkshopsandoutdoorchallenges,studentslearnthevalueofhardworkandhowtomakeapositivedifferenceintheirschools,clubsandcommunities.1.WhatwillcampersdoinAdventureCamp?A.Gotrekking. B.Learnleadership.C.Learnaspecialty. D.Gowakeboarding.2.Whatisthestrengthofspecialtycamps?A.Beingbusyandhappy. B.Providingprofessionallessons.C.Concentratingonfeaturedactivities. D.Developingpositiveattitudetonewthings.3.Whatdothesefourcampshaveincommon?A.Theydevelopself-confidence. B.Theylastforatleastoneweek.C.Theyallofferoutdooractivities. D.Theyprovidetrainersforthecampers.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了四個夏令營的情況。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thekeypurposeistoputthechildinanunfamiliarenvironment,offeringprogramsinhikingandtrekking,mountainbiking,androckclimbingamongothers.(主要目的是把孩子放在一個不熟悉的環(huán)境中，提供徒步旅行、山地自行車和攀巖等項目)”可知，露營者在探險營可以徒步旅行。故選A?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Specialtycamps’strengthistheirdedicatedfocusonthefeaturedactivity.(專業(yè)營的優(yōu)勢在于專注于特色活動)”可知，專業(yè)訓練營的優(yōu)勢在于他們專注于特色活動。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Childrenlearnnewskillsfromtrainers(孩子們從教練那里學習新技能)”，第三段“Followourprofessionaltrainersandspendanunforgettableweekhereonthewater!(跟隨我們的專業(yè)教練，在水上度過難忘的一周！)”，第四段“Largepartsofthedayarespentonthespecialtythecamperisinterestedintogetherwithskilledtrainers.(一天的大部分時間都花在營員感興趣的專業(yè)和熟練的教練一起)”以及第五段“Workingwithexperiencedtrainersandusinginteractiveworkshopsandoutdoorchallenges,studentslearnthevalueofhardworkandhowtomakeapositivedifferenceintheirschools,clubsandcommunities.(與經驗豐富的培訓師一起工作，通過互動研討會和戶外挑戰(zhàn)，學生們學習到努力工作的價值，以及如何在他們的學校、俱樂部和社區(qū)中發(fā)揮積極作用)”可知，共同點是每個訓練營都配備有“trainer”，故選D。BImagineifyourtextbooksturnedintocomicbooks,youcouldlearnfromcomicstoriesinsteadofchunks(大塊)oftexts.Doesitsounduseful?Thisiswhatcomicpainter“BrotherHunzi”,orChenLei,hasbeendevotedtodoing.Hewantstohelpspreadknowledgethroughcomicbookswhichhavecomiccharacterswithexaggerated(夸張的)facialexpressions,bodylanguageandfunnydialogues.Sofar,Chenandhisteamhavepublishedaseriesofbooksaboutphilosophy,economics,literatureandmuchmore.“WhenIwasinmiddleschool,Ihadnointerestinhistory,”Chensaid.“Icouldn’trememberhistoricalfactsthoughIstudiedhard.”However,incollege,ChenplayedacomputergameaboutWorldWarIIwhicharousedhisinterestinhistory.“Ihadnoknowledgeofthecharactersandhistoricalbackgroundofthegame,soIreadlotsofbooksaboutthehistoryfromthatperiod,”Chensaid.Herealizedthathedidn’tmastereffectivelearningmethods,orhisinteresthadn’tbeenaroused.In2015,afterfindinghisenthusiasmforspreadingknowledgeinahumorousway,hedecidedtoquithisjob.Henowhashisowneducationalcomicbookbusiness.Thejobisquitedemanding.Besidesbasicdrawingskills,“Youmusthaveastrongabilitytolearnindependentlyandthinklogically,”Chensaid.“Ihavetoabsorbprofessionalknowledgefrommanydifferentfields.”InJanuary2021,hereleasedacomicbookalongwithZhangWenhong,awell-respecteddiseaseexpert.Alsoin2021,acomicbookaboutthehistoryoftheCommunistPartyofChinacameoutwhichtookthem6monthstostudythematerials.Chen’sbrand“BrotherHunzi”hasattractedmillionsoffollowersonsocialmediaplatforms.Chensaidheisjusta“porter(搬運工)”ofknowledge,buthisgoalisto“helppeoplelearnmoreeasily”.4.WhydoesChendevotetomakingcomicbooks?A.Toattractpublic’sattention.B.Tospreadeducationalinformation.C.Topromotefunnycomiccharacters.D.Toreplacetextbookswithcomicbooks.5.Whatcanweinferfromthethirdparagraph?A.Chenfoundhispassionincomputergames.B.Chenhardlystudiedhistoryinmiddleschool.C.Chenmadecomicbooksabouthiscollegelife.D.Chenfiguredouthowtolearneffectivelylater.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeChenandhisteam?A.Stressedandartistic.B.Funnyandconfident.C.Concernedandrespectful.D.Well-roundedandhumorous.7.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.ChenRulesComicIndustry B.“BrotherHunzi”HelpsLearnC.TextbooksFallBehindTimes D.ComicBooksWinsPopularity【答案】4.B5.D6.D7.B【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文本講述了ChenLei通過“混子哥”這個漫畫品牌進行科普教育的新聞。學習歷史的經歷讓他意識到學習方法和學習興趣的重要性。而“混子哥”品牌的流行也印證了他的預想，達到了自己漫畫科普的目的。【4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Hewantstohelpspreadknowledgethroughcomicbooks(他想通過漫畫書來傳播知識)”可知陳致力于做漫畫是為了傳播知識。故選B。5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“However,incollege,ChenplayedacomputergameaboutWorldWarIIwhicharousedhisinterestinhistory.“Ihadnoknowledgeofthecharactersandhistoricalbackgroundofthegame,soIreadlotsofbooksaboutthehistoryfromthatperiod,”Chensaid.Herealizedthathedidn’tmastereffectivelearningmethods,orhisinteresthadn’tbeenaroused.(然而，在大學里，他玩了一個關于第二次世界大戰(zhàn)的電腦游戲，這引起了他對歷史的興趣。陳說：“我不知道游戲的角色和歷史背景，所以我讀了很多關于那個時期歷史的書?！彼庾R到他沒有掌握有效的學習方法，或者他的興趣沒有被激發(fā))”推知，通過學習歷史的經歷，陳意識到有效學習的訣竅——掌握有效的學習方法，或保持學習興趣。故選D。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Thisiswhatcomicpainter“BrotherHunzi”,orChenLei,hasbeendevotedtodoing.(這就是漫畫畫家“混子哥”陳磊一直致力于做的事情)”和第四段的“Thejobisquitedemanding.Besidesbasicdrawingskills,“Youmusthaveastrongabilitytolearnindependentlyandthinklogically,”Chensaid.(這項工作要求很高。除了基本的繪畫技能，“你必須有很強的獨立學習能力和邏輯思維能力，”陳說)”可知，Chen給自己的綽號是“混子哥”且這份工作要求極高。由此推知，Chen和其團隊需素質全面且具有幽默感。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文本講述了ChenLei通過“混子哥”這個漫畫品牌進行科普教育的新聞。學習歷史的經歷讓他意識到學習方法和學習興趣的重要性。而“混子哥”品牌的流行也印證了他的預想，達到了自己漫畫科普的目的。因此B項““BrotherHunzi”HelpsLearn(“混子哥”有助于學習)”可以作為本文的最佳標題。故選B。CHundredsofyearsoldandwithaproudScottishhistory,reeling(里爾舞)isatypeofcountrydancingthatisstillpopular.Performedbyyoungandolddancers,itofteninvolvesatleasttwocouplesineachset.Acoupleistwoindividualpeople,eithermaleorfemale,dancingtogether.Scottishreelingisusuallyquitequickwithdancersandcoupleschangingpositions,joiningandlinkingwithothersandhavingtolearnlotsoffunmovesandroutines.Itmightlookcomplicatedtolearn,butwithpracticeyoucansoonpickupthebasics.Youlearnfromexperienceddancerswhowillslowlywalkyouthroughthesteps.Reelingalsomeansthetypeoftraditionalmusicthataccompaniesthedances.Anaccordion(手風琴)oftensetsthetunefordances.Aviolin,pianoanddrumscanalsobeused.Twoofthebasictypesofstepsaretravellingandsettingsteps.Travellingstepsmovedancersaroundandincludeprecisehops,skipsandplacingyourfeetincertainpositions.Settingstepsareusedfordancingonthespotandtypicallyrequireadancertotakeasmallsteptotheside,thenbringtheirotherfootoverandchangeweighttotheirotherleg.Thecircleisaneasydancemove.Dancersinasetjoinhandsinacircleanddanceroundtotheleft,beforegoingbacktheotherwaytofinishwheretheystarted.Thisisalsoknownasthehandsround-a“fourhandsround”isdonebyfourdancers,a“sixhandsround”bysixdancers.Otherdancemovesincludethecast,corners,handsacrossandrightsandlefts.Youneedtokeepintimewiththemusicasyoudance,whichishelpedbyfollowingwhatyourpartnerortheotherpeopleinyoursetdo.Goto/TWJ-reelingtoknowmoreaboutthisamazingdancing.8.Atleasthowmanydancersareneededtoperformreeling?A.Two. B.Four. C.Six. D.Ahundred.9.Whichistheleastcommonmusicinstrumentinarelingdancingparty?A.Aguitar. B.Apiano. C.Anaccordion. D.Aviolin.10.Whatdosettingstepsrequireadancertodo?A.Hopandskipprecisely.B.Moveanotherdanceraround.C.Joinhandsinacircleanddance.D.Takeasteptothesideandthenbringtheotherfootover.11.Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A.Topromoteatraditionaldancing.B.Tostatetheimportanceofreeling.C.Tointroducetwobasicdancemoves.D.Toencouragepeopletoenjoydancing.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了起源于蘇格蘭的里爾舞，包括舞蹈和音樂形式，以及基本的舞步和舞蹈動作。鼓勵讀者去了解和學習這種傳統(tǒng)舞蹈?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Performedbyyoungandolddancers,itofteninvolvesatleasttwocouplesineachset.Acoupleistwoindividualpeople,eithermaleorfemale,dancingtogether.(這通常由年輕和年老的舞者表演，每組舞蹈至少涉及兩對夫婦。夫婦是兩個單獨的人，無論男性還是女性，共同跳舞。)”得知里爾舞每組需要兩對人，所以至少4人，故選B項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Anaccordionoftensetsthetunefordances.Aviolin,pianoanddrumscanalsobeused.(手風琴經常為舞蹈設定曲調，客人還可以使用小提琴、鋼琴和鼓。)”可知吉他不是常用樂器，故選A項?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Settingstepsareusedfordancingonthespotandtypicallyrequireadancertotakeasmallsteptotheside,thenbringtheirotherfootoverandchangeweighttotheirotherleg.(設置步驟用于現(xiàn)場跳舞，通常需要舞者向側面邁出一小步，然后將另一只腳移過來并將重量轉移到另一條腿上。)”可知這個這個舞步要求舞者向一側邁一小步，然后把另一只腳移過來，把重心轉移到另一條腿上，故選D項【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“HundredsofyearsoldandwithaproudScottishhistory,reeling(里爾舞)isatypeofcountrydancingthatisstillpopular.Performedbyyoungandolddancers,itofteninvolvesatleasttwocouplesineachset.Acoupleistwoindividualpeople,eithermaleorfemale,dancingtogether.(里爾舞已有數(shù)百年歷史，擁有自豪的蘇格蘭歷史，是一種仍然流行的鄉(xiāng)村舞蹈。由年輕和年長的舞者表演，每組通常至少有兩對夫婦。一對夫婦是兩個獨立的人，無論是男性還是女性，一起跳舞。)”和最后一段“Goto/TWJ-reelingtoknowmoreaboutthisamazingdancing.(去/TWJ-reeling了解更多關于這個驚人的舞蹈。)”，可知本文是在介紹宣傳一種蘇格蘭的傳統(tǒng)舞，借以推廣傳統(tǒng)舞蹈，故選A項。DDoctorsinBaltiorehavecarriedoutthefirstsuccessfultransplant(移植)ofapig’sheartintoa57-year-oldman.It’shopedthattheoperationcouldmaketransplantsaccessibleformanymorepeopleinneed.ThepigwasbredbyaUSmedicalcompanycalledRevivicor,whoseexpertsmadechangestoitsheartsoitwouldsuitahumanbody.Pigsareparticularlysuitablefortransplantstohumansbecausetheirorgansareofasimilarsizeandshapetohumanones.Individualheartvalves(瓣膜)frompigsandcowshavebeenusedinsurgerysincethe1970s.Inordertoproduceacompleteheartsuitableforahumanbody,Revivicorraisedadonoranimalwith10modifiedpiggenesandsixhumanones.Genesarecomplexchemicalscarryinginstructionsthattelllivingthingshowtogrowanddevelop.Inthiscasethegenesensuredthatthepig’sheartwouldadapttoitsnewbody―tostopthebody’snaturaldefencesfromrejectingit—andthattheheartwouldkeeprepairingitself.Onthemorningof7January,thepig’sheartwastakentothehospitalforaseven-houroperationledbysurgeonBartleyGriffith.Thepatientissaidtoberecoveringwell.Over100,000peopleintheworldneedanorgantransplant,buttherearen’tenoughhumandonororgans.Scientistshopethatpigorganscouldmakeupthenumbers.Dr.ChristineLaufromRevivicorsaid,“Ifwecouldusegeneticallyengineeredpigorgans,they’dneverhavetowait.Theycouldbasicallygetanorganastheyneededit.”O(jiān)thers,however,aren’thappyaboutthesurgery.PETA(PeoplefortheEthicalTreatmentofAnimals)isagroupthatcampaignsfortherightsofanimals.Inatweettheysaid,“Pigsaren’ttoolshedstoberobbed.HarvestingtheirbodypartsandtransplantingtheirorgansintohumansisextremelyriskyandWRONG.”12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“bred”inParagraph2mean?A.Produced. B.Raised. C.Made. D.Operated.13.WhatisthemainideaofParagraph3?AHowthepatientrecoveredfromthehearttransplant.B.Howgeneshelpedtheproductionofthesuitableheart.C.Howthesuitablepigheartwasproducedandtransplanted.D.HowRevivicorproducedthecompletelysuitablehearttohumans.14.WhichofthefollowingwillPETAagreewith?A.Peoplecan’trobpigsoftheirtools.B.Peopleshouldtreatanimalsinaniceway.C.Peopleshouldmakethemostofanimalorgans.D.Peopleoftentransplantanimalorgansinawrongway.15.Whereisthisarticlemostprobablyfrom?A.Atouristbrochure. B.Asciencefiction.C.Agovernmentreport. D.Asciencemagazine.【答案】12.B13.C14.B15.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了巴爾蒂奧雷的醫(yī)生首次成功地將豬心臟移植到一名57歲的男子身上。希望這次手術可以為更多有需要的人提供器官移植服務。介紹了具體的操作過程?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“Inordertoproduceacompleteheartsuitableforahumanbody,Revivicorraisedadonoranimalwith10modifiedpiggenesandsixhumanones.(為了生產出適合人體的完整心臟，Revivicor飼養(yǎng)了一只具有10個改良豬基因和6個人類基因的供體動物。)”，結合第二段劃線句子“ThepigwasbredbyaUSmedicalcompanycalledRevivicor,whoseexpertsmadechangestoitsheartsoitwouldsuitahumanbody.(這頭豬是由一家名為Revivicor的美國醫(yī)療公司bred的，該公司的專家對它的心臟進行了改造，使其適合人體。)”可知，為了制造出適合人體的完整心臟，Revivicor飼養(yǎng)了一只帶有10個修改過的豬基因和6個人類基因的供體動物。故劃線詞意思是“飼養(yǎng)”。故選B。【13題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Inordertoproduceacompleteheartsuitableforahumanbody,Revivicorraisedadonoranimalwith10modifiedpiggenesandsixhumanones.Genesarecomplexchemicalscarryinginstructionsthattelllivingthingshowtogrowanddevelop.Inthiscasethegenesensuredthatthepig’sheartwouldadapttoitsnewbody―tostopthebody’snaturaldefencesfromrejectingit—andthattheheartwouldkeeprepairingitself.Onthemorningof7January,thepig’sheartwastakentothehospitalforaseven-houroperationledbysurgeonBartleyGriffith.Thepatientissaidtoberecoveringwell.(為了制造出適合人體的完整心臟，Revivicor培育了一只帶有10個修改過的豬基因和6個人類基因的捐贈動物。基因是一種復雜的化學物質，攜帶著指示生物如何生長和發(fā)育的指令。在這種情況下，基因確保豬的心臟能夠適應它的新身體——阻止身體的自然防御系統(tǒng)對它的排斥——并且心臟能夠繼續(xù)自我修復。1月7日早上，豬的心臟被送到醫(yī)院，由外科醫(yī)生巴特利·格里菲斯主持，進行了7個小時的手術。據(jù)說病人恢復得很好)”可知，第三段的主旨是合適的豬心臟是如何生產和移植的。故選C項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Others,however,aren’thappyaboutthesurgery.PETA(PeoplefortheEthicalTreatmentofAnimals)isagroupthatcampaignsfortherightsofanimals.(然而，其他人對手術并不滿意。善待動物組織（PeoplefortheEthicalTreatmentofAnimals，善待動物組織）是一個為動物爭取權利的組織)”可知，PETA認為應該善待動物，故選B項。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“DoctorsinBaltiorehavecarriedoutthefirstsuccessfultransplant(移植)ofapig’sheartintoa57-year-oldman.It’shopedthattheoperationcouldmaketransplantsaccessibleformanymorepeopleinneed.(巴爾蒂奧雷的醫(yī)生首次成功地將豬心臟移植到一名57歲的男子身上。希望這次手術可以為更多有需要的人提供器官移植服務)”結合本文大意是人類可以利用動物的心臟進行移植，因此本文應該來自科普雜志，故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。KeepaGratitudeJournalWritingagratitudejournalismorethanmakinganoteofwhatyouappreciate.____16____Whatisagratitudejournal?Agratitudejournalisadiaryornotebookinwhichyouwritedownwhatyouarethankfulfor,alsoknownas“gratitudes”.Itdoesn’thavetobespecialorfancyjustsomethingyoucanwriteinandkeep.ClinicalpsychologistDr.EmmaHepburnbelieves,“Writing‘gratitudes’downmeansyoufocusonwhatyou’regratefulforandyourbrainwillrememberitmore.”____17____Gratitudeisbeingthankfulforthegoodthingsinlife,howeverbigorsmalltheymightbe.Dr.Hepburnsays,“Noticingwhatyouappreciateandenjoycreatesgoodemotions,whichhelpyourwell-being.”Itcanhelpyoufeelmorejoyfulandenthusiastic.Butitisn’tjustaboutgoodthing.____18____Torecognizeboththepositivesandnegatives,youneedspendtimethinkingaboutwhatisgoodinyourlifeandwhatyouaregratefulfortoseeabiggerpictureofyourlife.HowdoIknowwhattowrite?Askquestionstohelpyouthinkaboutwhatyou’rethankfulfor,suchas“Whomademelaughtoday?”,or“Whatmademefeelhappytoday?”____19____Forexample,“I’mgratefulformyfriendlendingmehisfavoritepenwhenIforgotmine”.Thishelpsfocusonwhatyoureallyappreciate.Bywringdownwhatyouappreciateratherthanjustsayingit,you’llhavemorepositivefeelingsbecauseittakeslongertowritethantothinkorspeak.____20____Andyoucanreaditwhenyou’rehavingabadday.Whynothaveagobywritingthreethingsyou’regratefulforeachday?A.WhyshouldIbegrateful?B.WhoshouldIbegratefulfor?C.Itgivesyoubenefitsnowandintothefuture.D.Themoredetailedyouranswerare,thebetter.E.It’scompletelyuptoyouwhatyouuseasyourgratitudejournal.F.Therearealsotimeswhenyougetstuckworryingorfeelingscared.G.Also,youwillhavearecordofallthegoodthingsyou’veexperienced.【答案】16.C17.A18.F19.D20.G【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了感恩日記是什么以及如何寫。【16題詳解】根據(jù)設空處前一句“Writingagratitudejournalismorethanmakinganoteofwhatyouappreciate.(寫感恩日記不僅僅是記下你所感激的事情)”推知，寫感恩日記不僅僅是記下你感激的事情，它還有別的作用。故C選項“它給你現(xiàn)在和將來帶來好處”符合語境，故選C?！?7題詳解】空處為本段小標題，結合其他兩個小標題，可知應填一個特殊疑問句。根據(jù)下文“Gratitudeisbeingthankfulforthegoodthingsinlife,howeverbigorsmalltheymightbe.Dr.Hepburnsays,“Noticingwhatyouappreciateandenjoycreatesgoodemotions,whichhelpyourwell-being.”Itcanhelpyoufeelmorejoyfulandenthusiastic.(感恩就是對生活中的美好事物心存感激，無論它們是大是小。赫本博士說：“注意你感激和喜歡的東西會產生良好的情緒，有助于你的健康。”它可以幫助你感到更快樂和熱情)”可知，本段談論的是“學會在順境逆境中感恩給人們的人生帶來的好處”，即“WhyshouldIbegrateful?”。故A選項“我為什么要感恩？”符合語境，故選A?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)設空處前一句“Butitisn’tjustaboutgoodthing.(但這不僅僅是關于好事)”和下文“Torecognizeboththepositivesandnegatives,youneedspendtimethinkingaboutwhatisgoodinyourlifeandwhatyouaregratefulfortoseeabiggerpictureofyourlife.(為了認識到積極和消極的一面，你需要花時間思考生活中什么是好的，什么是值得你感激的，以看到你生活的大局)”可以推斷，上文提到的是“positives”，設空處應該引出“negatives”。故F選項“有時你會陷入擔憂或感到害怕”符合語境，故選F?！?9題詳解】設空前一句“Askquestionstohelpyouthinkaboutwhatyou’rethankfulfor,suchas“Whomademelaughtoday?”,or“Whatmademefeelhappytoday?”(問一些問題來幫助你思考你要感謝什么，比如“今天誰讓我笑了？”或“今天是什么讓我感到快樂？”)”為提示自己寫感恩日記時的問題，設空后一句“Forexample,“I’mgratefulformyfriendlendingmehisfavoritepenwhenIforgotmine”.(例如，“我很感激我的朋友在我忘記帶鋼筆的時候借給我他最喜歡的鋼筆。”)”為回答問題的答案示例，由此可知設空處應與“questionsandanswers”有關。故D選項“答案越詳細越好”符合語境，故選D。【20題詳解】根據(jù)設空處前一句“Bywringdownwhatyouappreciateratherthanjustsayingit,you’llhavemorepositivefeelingsbecauseittakeslongertowritethantothinkorspeak.(把你感激的東西寫下來而不是說出來，你會有更積極的感覺，因為寫比想或說要花更長的時間)”和下文“Andyoucanreaditwhenyou’rehavingabadday.(當你心情不好的時候，你可以讀它)”中“youcanreadit”的“it”可知，前文應出現(xiàn)“it”所指代的內容。故G選項“此外，你還會有一份你所經歷的所有美好事情的記錄”符合語境，下文it指代選項中的“arecordofallthegoodthingsyou’veexperienced”。故選G。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B，C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Shortlyafterafatherand-sonfight,mytwelve-year-oldson,Marlon,askedmeifIwasupforabasketballgameofone-on-one.Without___21___much,Iacceptedhis___22___whichonlygoesto___23___hownaive(天真的)adadcanbe.Themomenthe___24___ontothecourt,Irealizedthiswasnotafriendlygame,butachallenge.Therecomesatimewhensons___25___theirfathersasasymbolof___26___.Thetestmaybe___27___orintellectual,butsoonerorlatertheyoungmanistodefeattheoldoneandbecomesarealman.Whenplaying___28___,mysonisallthethingsI’mnot;quickwithadeadlyshot.AndIknowthedaywillcome___29___.Justnottoday.It’samanthing,Iguess.Asafather,Ineedto___30___myimpatientsonanimportantlessonof___31___,courage,andpride.Therefore,Iwouldn’t___32___onthecourtorwherever.Weplayedforquitealongtimethatday.Iwonanarrowvictoryandtoldhimthatheplayedforthewrongreasons.He___33___asifheunderstood.AfewweekslaterMarlon___34___metoafriendlyroundofvideogame.Beatmesoundly.And___35___whilehedidit.21.A.thinking B.exercising C.recalling D.reflecting22.A.game B.tip C.offer D.round23.A.decide B.wonder C.perform D.prove24.A.stepped B.skipped C.drove D.fell25.A.respect B.test C.check D.approve26.A.boyhood B.brotherhood C.manhood D.childhood27.A.personal B.emotional C.mental D.physical28.A.chess B.videogame C.basketball D.football29.A.shortly B.exactly C.actually D.eventually30.A.teach B.award C.have D.take31.A.responsibility B.honesty C.toughness D.victory32.A.pulldown B.backdown C.calmdown D.breakdown.33.A.shook B.stared C.winked D.nodded34.A.challenged B.led C.recommended D.introduced35.A.cried B.laughed C.sighed D.yelled【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.A25.B26.C27.D28.C29.D30.A31.C32.B33.D34.A35.B【解析】【導語】本文是一片記敘文。講述了兒子提議父親打籃球比賽以證明自己的男子氣概，父親通過籃球比賽教會了兒子一些東西，但是在兒子挑戰(zhàn)父親打游戲時，兒子成功了。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有多想，我接受了他的提議，這只能證明一個父親是多么天真。A.thinking思考；B.exercising鍛煉；C.recalling回憶；D.reflecting反思。根據(jù)上文“Shortlyafterafatherand-sonfight,mytwelve-year-oldson,Marlon,askedmeifIwasupforabasketballgameofone-on-one.(在父子爭吵后不久，我十二歲的兒子馬龍問我是否準備參加一對一的籃球比賽。)”以及下文“hownaive(天真的)adadcanbe.”可知，是想都沒有多想就接受了提議，故選A項?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有多想，我接受了他的提議，這只能證明一個父親是多么天真。A.game游戲；B.tip提示；C.offer提議；D.round回合。根據(jù)上文“mytwelve-year-oldson,Marlon,askedmeifIwasupforabasketballgameofone-on-one”可知是十二歲的兒子主動提議與作者進行一對一友好籃球賽。故選C項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有多想，我接受了他的提議，這只能證明一個父親是多么天真。A.decide決定；B.wonder奇跡；C.perform執(zhí)行；D.prove證明。根據(jù)下文“hownaive(天真的)adadcanbe”可知，作者輕易答應了提議也證明了他太想當然了，故選D項?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當他踏上球場的那一刻，我意識到這不是一場友誼賽，而是一場挑戰(zhàn)。A.stepped步入；B.skipped跳過；C.drove驅動；D.fell跌倒。根據(jù)“ontothecourt”可知是步入球場的那一刻，我意識到這不是一場友誼賽，而是一場挑戰(zhàn)，故選A項?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：總有一天，兒子會把考驗他們的父親作為男子氣概的象征。A.respect尊重；B.test考驗；C.check檢查；D.approve批準。根據(jù)“whensons___5___theirfathersasasymbolof”可知，總有一天兒子會把考驗父親作為自己男子氣概的象征。故選B項?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析句意：總有一天，兒子會把考驗他們的父親作為男子氣概的象征。A.boyhood童年；B.brotherhood兄弟情誼；C.manhood男子氣概；D.childhood童年。根據(jù)下文“theyoungmanistodefeattheoldoneandbecomesarealman.”可知，年輕人打敗老人成為一個真正的男人，也就是兒子會把考驗父親作為自己男子氣概的象征。故選C項?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：測試可能是身體上的，也可能是智力上的，但年輕人遲早會打敗老人，成為一個真正的男人。A.personal個人的；B.emotional情緒的；C.mental心理上的；D.physical身體上的。對男子氣概的測試，有可能是身體上的“physical”或者智力上的。兒子通過籃球挑戰(zhàn)父親，即為身體上的測試。故選D項?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在籃球比賽中，兒子比父親有絕對優(yōu)勢，速度快，且有致命一投。A.chess國際象棋；B.videogame電子游戲；C.basketball籃球；D.football足球。根據(jù)上文“abasketballgameofone-on-one”可知是籃球比賽，故選C項。【29題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我知道這一天終究會到來。A.shortly不久；B.exactly確切地說；C.actually實際上；D.eventually最終。根據(jù)下文“Justnottoday.”可知那一天終將到來但不是今天，兒子日漸成長，終將成功挑戰(zhàn)。故選D項?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：作為父親有必要給毛頭小子上一課，讓他切身體會有韌性、有勇氣、有傲氣。A.teach教；B.award獎勵；C.have有；D.take參加。根據(jù)下文“animportantlesson”可知，作者是想給兒子上重要的一課，故選A項。【31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：作為父親有必要給毛頭小子上一課，讓他切身體會有韌性、有勇氣、有傲氣。A.responsibility責任；B.honesty誠實；C.toughness韌性；D.victory勝利。根據(jù)下文“Weplayedforquitealongtimethatday.”可知，那天作者和兒子打球很長時間，作者的目的在于培養(yǎng)兒子的韌性，故選C項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞短語詞義辨析.句意：因此，我不會在球場上或任何地方退縮。A.pulldown拉下；B.backdown退縮；C.calmdown冷靜；D.breakdown崩潰。根據(jù)上文“Ineedto___10___myimpatientsonanimportantlessonof”可知，作者是要給兒子上重要的一課，因此，他自己是不能退縮的，故選B項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他點了點頭，仿佛明白了。A.shook搖；B.stared盯著；C.winked眨眼；D.nodded點頭。根據(jù)下文“asifheunderstood.”可知，父親給孩子上了一課，兒子點頭好像領悟了父親的意思，故選D項。【34題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：幾周后，馬龍向我發(fā)起了一場友好的電子游戲挑戰(zhàn)。A.challenged挑戰(zhàn)；B.led領導；C.recommended推薦；D.introduced介紹。根據(jù)下文可知“metoafriendlyroundofvideogam”可知，經過籃球一戰(zhàn)，兒子又友好地挑戰(zhàn)父親打游戲，故選A項?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這一次兒子如愿贏了，笑了起來。A.cried哭泣