英語解說詞任務(wù)兵馬俑

madeupofinfantrymenandchariots,andthisbattleformationisimpressivelywellorganized.MostofthewarriorsinPitNo.1areinfantrymen,wecanjudgethattheinfantrymenisthemainbodyoftheQinarmy.Andinfantrymenareflexible,canabletoadapttoallkindsofterrain,climateandcombatforms,especiallyconduciveaaction（什么意思？）inacomplexenvironmentInfrontofusthereisacorridor,threeranksofsoldiersarestandingthereinorderlyrows,eachrowhas68warriorsandtotally204warriors,thesewarriorsareintendedtobethefirsttosacrificethemselvesfortheemperorinhisafter-lifeandwecallthemthe‘Vanguards’,thearchersdon’twearanyarmors,theyneedtobeabletobeabletomovelyinordertofiretheirarrowswithaccuracy.Someexpertsthinkthattheydon'twear（需改為主語從句）canalsoberelatedtoEmperorQin’s ifasoldierkill（主謂不一致aenemyEmperorQinwillrewardthemilitarywhichontheotherhandreflectsthebravesoldiers（表達(dá)不清楚）.Behindthevanguardsisthemainbodyofthebattleformation,thereare38columnswithlinesofchariotsandinfantrymen.Aroundtheouteredge,thereisonerowofsoldierswithfacingsouth,northandwest,theyaretheflankandtheirdutyistoprotectagainsttheenemy’sattackfromotherdirections.theheads,andhandsaremade yandthenputTheQintheheads,andhandsaremade yandthenputtogetherthencarrythemtothekilntobefired（為什么一會(huì)主動(dòng)語態(tài)，一會(huì).Thebodiesofthefiguresarehollowandlegsaresolid,itcanmakefiguresstandfirm,peopleusethesamewaystomakethehorses,thelegsofthehorsesareallsolidtoensurethattheywouldbestrong.Thousandfiguresthousandlooks.Notwofiguresunearthedsofarhavethesamefeaturesorexpressions.Someexpertsthinkthatrealsoldiersservedasmodelswhentheterra-cottawarriorsweremade.Somethinkthatthecraftsmanwho（making單獨(dú)不可做謂語）thefiguresfromdifferentces,someetingdifferentpeople,differentcharacters.Somesoldierssmiling（同上）somearesadsomelookslikerecruits,somelooksexperienced,thesecharactersreflectedthedifferentcharacter'sinnerworldandmentalstateinthearmy.Aftereachstatuewasmade,craftsmenprinttheirnamesonthebacksofrobes,legsorarmor,tillnowover80craftsmenhavebeendiscovered.Thisway,supervisorswouldbeabletoknowwhomadeamistakeandthispracticeseemstobeaformofqualitycontrolintheQinWecanjudging（judge）fromthesoldier'shandgestures,actuallytheyusedholdweapons,itisapitythatwecannotseetherealweaponsbecausesomeonehasstolenthemandtheonealsosetabigfireandbrokethepotteryfiguresintofragments,blackcharcoalstillcanbeseenonthetopofthepartitionwalls.AndthishappenedduringtheQinandHanDynasty,anddifferentexpertholddifferentopinions.Someexpertssayit'sbecauseof(because)theformationofmethaneinthepitcausedspontaneouscombustion,someexpertstheQinpeoplefiredthispitallbythemselves,anditbelongedtoafuneralritual,andsomeexpertsthinkthatitwasdestroyedbyXiangYu,accordingtothehistoricalbook,XiangYustolethemainmoundandsetafiretoacemeteryconstruction,thensackedandburnedtheTerraCottaWarriorspitisunderstandable(前面的句子需改為主語從句).In2009,ourmuseumcarriedouton（去掉excavationsforthethirdtime,thisforthefirsttimewewenttoindependentlyexplorequalificationafterfound,thisexcavatedareaislocatedinthenorthofPitNo.1,itcoversanareaabout200squaremeters,accordingtotheunearthedsituation,therewillbe100figuresunearthedinthisarea.Actually,thefiguresweseetodaywerecolorfullypainted2200yearago,butbecausesuchalongtimepassed,mostofcolorshavegone,theretoomany（什么意思?）andthereisnotemperatureandhumiditycontrolequipment,colddifference(同上),plusanannualvisitors,poorairquality,etc.,allofthesecauseadversefactorstothesitesofculturalrelics.Butafteryearsofresearch,twonewtechnologicalmethodswereinventedbyateamofexpertsfromtheterra-Museumandwasfurtherdevelopedinco-operationwithexpertsfromtheculturerelicsofficeofBavariainGermanysince1996.ThesetwoinventionsareknownasPEG200andHEMAandtheseinventionscankeeptheoriginalpaintonthestatuesfromfadingandflakingafterbeingbroughttothesurface.WebelievethatwiththedevelopmentMuseumandwasfurtherdevelopedinco-operationwithexpertsfromtheculturerelicsofficeofBavariainGermanysince1996.ThesetwoinventionsareknownasPEG200andHEMAandtheseinventionscankeeptheoriginalpaintonthestatuesfromfadingandflakingafterbeingbroughttothesurface.Webelievethatwiththedevelopmentofthistechnology,moreandmorewonderfulrelicscanbepandprotectedPitNo.PitPit2wasdiscoveredin1976,anditisstarttoearth（isstart?）inMarch1994,itcoversanareaabout6000squaremeters.ThispitisaL-shapedatthenortheastcorner.Therewillbe1300terra-cottafigureswillbeunearthedfromthispit(willbe不可這樣連用),comparedwithpitNo.1,thispitisamultiservicephalanxandhasfourbattleconfigurations,includingarcherphalanx,chariotphalanx,cavalryphalanxandmixedphalanx.PitNo.2wecanseesomewoodrelicsandpartoftheterracottafiguresandhorsesunearthedfromthepit.Thispitwasapowerfulback-upwhichwastheretosupportthelargerarmyinPitNo.1.Herewecanseethesiteofcrossbeam,whichwasusedtosupportthestuffedclayforsealing,sofarwecanseetheremainsofthewoodAteastcornerofthispitit’sarcherformation,madeupofkneelingarcherandstandingarcher,kneelingarcherinthemiddleandstandingarcheraroundthem,suchanarrangementissuitedfortheirwarfare,theycanturntofight,andincreasedlethality（時(shí)態(tài)不一致）andsavetime.Tothesouthernendofthepitisateamofchariotsphalanx,Coversanarea24002400squaremeters,thesechariotsare cedineightrowsandeachrowhaschariots,totally64chariots.Becausethechariotswereoriginallymadeofwoodtheytheywere ydeterioratedbythetimetheywereunearthed,duringreconstructionprocess,welearnedthateachofthechariotswaspulledby4horsesandmannedbyacharioteerandtwoattendantwarriors,thetwoattendantsrodeonthechariotandcarriedspears,daggeraxes,orotherbronzeweapons.Themiddleconfigurationismixedconfigurations,consistsof19warchariots,264infantrymenand8cavalry.Cavalryheremainlybecauseitismoreconvenientforthemtransferinformation（transferto）.Tothenorthendofthispitisateamofcavalry,fourhorsesandamakeupagroup(andthreegroupsaline,totally108cavalrymen.Cavalrylinedupinneatrectangle,thisdisyistherealimageoftheQindynastyandalsoprovidesvaluableinformationofQindynasty.Thesefourbattleconfigurationsmakeupaflexiblemilitaryunit,bothindependentlyandcooperatewitheachother（并列成分需保持一致）,everyconfigurationhastheiradvantages.Therefore,differentinctioncangettwicetheresultwithhalftheeffort.Nowletusseeseveralrepresentativeterra-cottafiguresthatareondisyatthenorthpavilion.KneelingKneelingarcherisfromthecenterofthearcherconfiguration,itisakindofarmoredinfantrymenandwefound160kneelingarcher,about1.2metershigh.Ifyoulookatthearchersface,youcanseethearcherislookingforwardwithanattentivefacialexpression,especiallythearmor,thearmoralsoaccordwiththerequirementofactualcombat（accordwhichisinaccordwith…）.Actuallytheoriginallysoliderheldacrossbow.Whenkneelingarcherfighting,hisshootingcenterofgravityissteady,savesenergyandiseasytohittheenemyatthesametime,hisgoalissmallandnoteasytobefoundbytheenemy,itisareflectionofthetacticaltrainingactioninQinDynasty.Thenifyoulookattheback,youcanseeeachsinglehair,thebraiding,andeventhepleatsoftheclothesiscleartosee.Thereisasmallactionofpaintstillvisibleonhiswaist,thecolorofthepaintisnotasbeautifulasitwas,butitisamazingthatyoucanstillseeitevenafter2200years.Middle–rankingHeisislowerthanthehigh-rankingofficers.Hewearsadouble-layeredflathatandsquare-toedshoes.Arobeunderthearmorextendsbelowtheknees.Theforthemiddle-rankingofficerhas2differentstyles:onehasonlychestarmor,andtheotherhasbothchestandbackarmor.HisfaceshowedhisdisguisedtermsandHigh-rankingThisisoneofthenine‘generals’foundinthispit.Thisoneisthetallestfiguresdiscoveredsofar,about1.98meters.Theheight,clothingandheadgearofthisofficerallindicatehishighrank.Hewearsadouble-layeredrobesundercolorfulfish-scaledarmor,andatallheadgeartiedwithribbonsunderhischin.Thereare8knotsaroundthefrontpieceofarmor,itissimilartothenowranks（中式表達(dá)，改）inthearmy.Originally,heheldaswordinhishands,butitwasgonebythetimehewasCavalrymanwithhissaddledwar-Cavalrymanwasdiscoveredincavalryconfiguration,totally116.Theiraverageheightis1.8metersandtheirageisunder35.Thecavalrywearahatandtietohischinbecauseitisconvenientforfightingwhenhewasonthehorse.Armoronlybetweenthechestandarmshavenoarmor.Thesaddlehorseis2meterslong,about200kg.Thehorseswerestrictlyandwelltrained,and4to6teethesinthehorses’mouths,itallstandfourtheyareintheiryouth（什么意思？）.Inthepast,peoplethinkthattheemergenceofthesaddlewasinventedinwesternHandynasty,butthishorseprovedthattheQinDynastyhadhadsaddle.ThishorsehasnostirrupsbecauseitisnotinventedintheQinStandingStandingarcherwasdiscoveredinarcherconfiguration,totally172standingarchers.Thiskindoffiguredressedunarmoredbattlerobe.Wecanlfromhisgesture,heseemsreadytoshoot.Thearchaeologistshavefoundover4000piecesofbronzeweaponssofar.Theseweaponscanbedividedintothreecategories.Firs,therearelongweapons,suchspears,spears,halberds,shu,pi,ge.Nextaretheshortweapons,whichincludesswords,knives,andhooks.Finally,itisshootingweapons,thecrossbow,bows,andarrows.isoneoftheearliestcountriesintheworldthatwentintotheancientBronzeAge,andwehavearichexperienceinbronzesmeltingandcreatesaconsummateskill（前后時(shí)態(tài)不一致）.BronzeArchaeologistshaveexcavated24swordsinthepitofthewarriorsandhorses.Theyburiedinthepithasbeenmorethan2000years（hasbeenfor）butstillverysharpwhenexcavatedastheyusedtobe.TheQinarmyintroducedanewlongsword,about81-94.4centimetresinlength;longer,narrower,andthinnerthantheswordsoftheWarringStatePeriod.Onehistoricaltextmentionsthatthefirstemperorhaddifficultyfightingoffanassassinationattemptin227BCbecausethelengthofhisswordmadeitdifficultytodraw.However,theselongerthinnerswordsgavetheswordsmengreaterthrustingBronzeWufirstinventedthiskindofweapon,sonameditwuhook.ThiskindofweapononlyfoundintheeastsideofPitNo.1(found前加be動(dòng)詞),only2unearthed.Eachoneisabout65.2centimeterslongandlookslikeacurvedknife.Bothsidescanhurtpeople.TheyweremadefamousinapoemwrittenbyawellknownpoetLIHeofTangDynasty.Bowandcrossbowbelongtothelong-shootingweapons,theyareusedtoshoot.Acrossbowisformedfromfourparts:thebow,thestring,thestock,andthetrigger-mechanism.Thebowandthestockweremadeofwoodandhaverottedaway.Thetrigger-mechanism,theheartoftheweapon,wasmadeofbronze\andhaspp.Thetrigger-mechanismisacomplicateddevice,whichcontainsseveralforholdingthestring,aimingattheenemyanddischargingthearrow.Historicallsusthatacrossbowcouldfirearrowsoverdistancesofbetween150to180dependingonthesizeofthecrossbowandthestrengthoftheBronzeSpearSpearisthemainweaponin,madeupoflongwoodenhandlebronze.TheTerraCottaWarriorspitunearthedtwokindsofspear:bronzespearandironspear.BronzeThiskindofweapononlyfoundinPitNo.3,andthisweaponhasnoblades,itcannotharmpeople.InTangandSongdynasties,ShuisstillindispensableweaponinthehonorguardPitPit3isthesmallestofthethreepitsanditisonlycoversanareaabout520squaremeters.Thispitisregardedasthecommandcenterofthewholearmyandalsothemostimportantonebecauseofthefollowingreasons:First,thispitsdividedintothreeparts,thenorthchamber,thesouthchamberandthestable.Second,thepositionofthefigures.Innorthandsouthchamber,wecansee64fullyarmedsoldiersstandingtherefacetofacewiththeirbackstothewall,itistotallydifferentfrompit1andpit2,andtheweaponstheyheldisalsoveryparticularandwenameditShu,thiskindofweaponcannotharm