浙江高考概要寫作技巧指導(dǎo)改寫

概要寫作技巧指導(dǎo)Whatisasummary?

Asummaryisashortened

passagewhichkeepstheimportantinformation

oftheoriginalinyourownwords

butwithoutyouropinion.AsummaryAbriefwritingHowtomakeasummary?Step1:ReadforthetopicStep2:ReadforthestructureStep3:Underlinethekeypoints,sentencesStep4:ParaphrasingStep5:PolishandmakeupthewholepassageFivestepstomakeasummaryThewaysofparaphrasing:1.正反法

Youwillfail.

Youwillnotsucceed.Jackdidn’tpassthedrivingtest,buthestillhopedto.ThoughJackfailedtopassthedrivingtest,hestillhopedto.2.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換法

Patienceisveryimportant.Patienceisofgreatimportance.Thepollutionmakespeopleveryanxiousabouttheirlivingenvironment.

Peopleshowgreat_______abouttheirlivingenvironment.

anxiety3.同義替換法:①Keepingsilentcanactuallymakeyourangerlonger.

Keepingsilentmaynothelpandcan___________youranger.②ShewenttostudyinNewZealandbecausesheintendedtoimmigratethere.

ShewenttoNewZealand___________________immigratingthere.③Ididn’tcatchanyfishbecauseIwasnotpatient.Ididn’tcatchanyfish__________________Iwasnotpatient.lengthenwiththeintentionofowingtothefact4.句式變換法①Parentsshouldgivechildrenmorepraise.Childrenshouldbegivenmorepraise.②Childrenshouldbeencouragedmore.Thiswillhelpthemlearnfaster.Childrenshouldbeencouragedmore,whichwillhelpthemlearnfaster.③Childrenaregivenmorepraise.Theywillachievemoresuccess.Whengivenmorepraise,childrenwillachievemoresuccess.5.連詞銜接法

①Weshouldencouragestudents.Weshouldnotscoldthem.Weshouldencouragestudentsinsteadofscoldingthem.②Coldandwethavenothingtodowithcatchingcolds,whyaretheymorefrequentinthewinter?...Noonehasyetfoundtheanswer.However,noonehasyetfoundtheanswerwhycoldsarefrequentinthewinter…6.詞序改變法Thesecretofsuccesswaspatience.Patiencewasthesecretofsuccess.7.細(xì)節(jié)省略法Recordingsofangrybeesareenoughtosendbig,toughAfricanelephantsrunningaway!RecordingsofangrybeescansendAfricanelephantsrunningaway!8.句意理解法Becauseheplayedcarelesslywelostthegame.____________________,wewouldn’thavelostthematch.

ButforhiscarelessnessShoppingontheinternetisbecomingincreasinglypopular.MoreandmorepeoplepreferInternetshopping.Practice1.Whatisbeneficialtonaturemaynotbegoodforpeople.2.ShewenttostudyinNewZealandbecausesheintendedtoimmigratethere.3.Thepolicesaidthatthecasewasbeinginvestigated.4.Becauseheplayedcarelesslywelostthegame.5.Thepollutionmakespeopleveryanxiousabouttheirlivingenvironment.

Everything__________natureisnotnecessarilygoodforpeople.

benefiting

ShewenttoNewZealand___________________immigratingthere.withtheintentionof

Accordingtothepolice,thecaseis__________________.underinvestigation______________________,wewouldn’thavelostthematch.

Butforhiscarelessness

Peopleshowgreat_______abouttheirlivingenvironment.

anxiety6.Onapersonalnote,theInternetisveryvaluable.7.Ingeneralmenarenotawareofthisproblemaswomen.8.Themoreoneknowsaboutpollution,themoreonecandoforourenvironment.9.Keepingsilentcanactuallymakeyourangerlonger.10.Shelayunderthebuildingandshewastrappedthereforthreedays.Practice

Personally,theInternet________________.isofgreatvalue

Menshouldraisethe______________ofthisproblemingeneral.awarenessOneshould_______________________ofpollutiontocontributetotheenvironment.haveagoodknowledge

Keepingsilentmaynothelpandcan___________youranger.lengthen

Shelay________underthebuildingforthreedays.trapped閱讀下面短文,根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。①WiththehelpofdataonecaneasilyknowthepriceofacanofCokeinasupermarket,thespeedatwhichacarisrunning,theresultofafootballmatchorthetemperatureofacertainday.Obviously,datacanmakeourlifeeasierandmorecomfortable.Whatismoreimportant,dataseemstobefairerthanwordsorstatements.Therefore,manypeoplewouldratherbelievedatathantrustaman.②Ontheotherhand,ifpeoplejudgethingsonlybydatafromso-calledspecificresearch,aren’ttheyalittletoonarrow-minded?Thefastpaceofmodernlifeandtheexperienceofbeingcheatedmakethesepeopleforgetsomethingimportantaboutdata.③Moreoftenthannot,dataisjustpartofthetruth.Forexample,howcanyoutellthatsomebodyisn’tagoodstudentjustbecausesheorhedoesn’tgethighmarksinthefinalexaminations?AndhowcanyourefusetoacceptthathepoetryofWilliamYeatsisreallywonderfuleventhoughbooksabouthispoetryareneverbest-sellers?④Thereisnodoubtthatanalyzingtheexactdataisimportanttotheassessmentofanactualevent.Butthedatapeoplegetarenotalwayscorrect.Incorrectdatamaycausepeopletomakeawrongjudgment.Therefore,datadoesnotmeanmuchtopeopleiftheydonothavetheabilitiestoanalyzethedatawiththeknowledgeandconfidencetojudgewhetheritistrueorfalse.⑤Onemorething,itisimpossibleforpeopletomeasureallthethingsinlifebydata.Forexample,thedegreeofyourfeelinghappyinyourlife,thedepthoflovebetweenyouandyourfriends,andthefaithyouhaveinyourcountry.Peoplecanonlyfeelthemintheirheartsbutcanneverexpressthemindata.

⑥D(zhuǎn)ataisdataafterall.Justremembertheworldisfarmorewonderfulthanthepaledatacandescribe.Para1:Obviously,datacanmakeourlifeeasierandmorecomfortable.Whatismoreimportant,dataseemstobefairerthanwordsorstatements.Therefore,manypeoplewouldratherbelievedatathantrustaman.Para2:Ontheotherhand,ifpeoplejudgethingsonlybydatafromso-calledspecificresearch,aren’ttheyalittletoonarrow-minded?Para3:Moreoftenthannot,dataisjustpartofthetruth.Para4:Butthedatapeoplegetarenotalwayscorrect.Incorrectdatamaycausepeopletomakeawrongjudgment.Para5:Onemorething,itisimpossibleforpeopletomeasureallthethingsinlifebydata.Para6:Dataisdataafterall.Justremembertheworldisfarmorewonderfulthanthepaledatacandescribe.主次要點(diǎn)(CPandSP)----合并，改寫，刪細(xì)節(jié)本文主要介紹的data對于我們的影響。Onepossibleversion:Databringseaseandcomforttoone'slifeandseemsreliable,somanypeopleonlytrustdatawhilejudgingthings.However,ifpeoplerelytoomuchondata,theybecomenarrow-minded.Firstly,dataisnotthewholetruth.Besides,wrongdatamaypreventthemfrommakingagoodjudgment.Lastly,manythingsinlifelikeemotionscanneverbemeasuredbydata.Allinalldataisnotenoughtodescribethewonderfulworld.Onepossibleversion:

①Italkalottomyself.Ithelpsmetokeepmyconcentrationontheactivityonhand,makesmefocusmoreonmystudies,andgivesmesomeprettybrilliantideaswhilechatteringtomyself;moreimportantly,Iproducebetterworks.Forexample,rightnow,asIamtyping,Iamconstantlymumblingtomyself.Doyoutalktoyourself?Don’tgetembarrassedadmittingitbecausesciencehasdiscoveredthatthosewhotalktothemselvesareactuallygeniuses…andnotcrazy!

②Psychologist-researcherGaryLupyanconductedanexperimentwhere20volunteerswereshownobjects,inasupermarket,andwereaskedtorememberthem.Halfofthemweretoldtorepeattheobjects,forexample,banana,andtheotherhalfremainedsilent.Intheend,theresultshownthatself-directedspeechaidedpeopletofindtheobjectsfaster,by50to100milliseconds,comparedtothesilentones.

③“I’lloftenmuttertomyselfwhensearchingforsomethingintherefrigeratororthesupermarketshelves,”saidGaryLupyan.Thispersonalexperienceactuallymadehimconductthisexperiment.Lupyan,togetherwithanotherpsychologist,DanielSwigley,cameupwiththeoutcomesthatthosetotalktooneselfaregeniuses.Herearethereasons:

④Whenyouaretalkingtoyourself,yoursensorymechanismgetsactivated.Itgetseasieronyourmemorysinceyoucanvisualisetheword,andyoucanactaccordingly.

⑤Everyoneofustendstohavevarioustypesofthoughts.Mostmakesense,whiletheothersdon’t.Supposeyouarefuriousatsomeoneandyoufeellikekillingthatperson.Nowforthisissueyouwon’truntoatherapist,willyou?No,whatyoudoislockyourselfinaroomandmuttertoyourself.Youarelettinggoofftheangerbytalkingtoyourself,theprosandconsofkillingthatperson,andeventuallyyoucalmdown.Thisisasillythoughtthatyouhaveandareunabletoshareitwithanyotherperson.PsychologistLindaSapadinsaid,“Ithelpsyouclarifyyourthoughts,tendtowhat’simportantandfirmupanydecisionsyouarecontemplating.”寫作指導(dǎo)：Step1:readfortopic

Step2:readforstructure

Step3:readandunderlinekeypointsorsentencestalkingtothemselvesgeniusesPara.1Para.2Para.3Para.4Para.5Part1

introductiontothetopicPart2

experimenttoproveitPart3

reasonsfortalkingtooneself①Italkalottomyself.Ithelpsmetokeepmyconcentrationontheactivityonhand,makesmefocusmoreonmystudies,andgivesmesomeprettybrilliantideaswhilechatteringtomyself;moreimportantly,Iproducebetterworks.Forexample,rightnow,asIamtyping,Iamconstantlymumblingtomyself.Doyoutalktoyourself?Don’tgetembarrassedadmittingitbecausesciencehasdiscoveredthatthosewhotalktothemselvesareactuallygeniuses…andnotcrazy!②

Psychologist-researcherGaryLupyanconductedanexperimentwhere20volunteerswereshownobjects,inasupermarket,andwereaskedtorememberthem.Halfofthemweretoldtorepeattheobjects,forexample,banana,andtheotherhalfremainedsilent.Intheend,theresultshownthatself-directedspeechaidedpeopletofindtheobjectsfaster,by50to100milliseconds,comparedtothesilentones.③“I’lloftenmuttertomyselfwhensearchingforsomethingintherefrigeratororthesupermarketshelves,”saidGaryLupyan.Thispersonalexperience

actuallymadehimconductthisexperiment.Lupyan,togetherwithanotherpsychologist,DanielSwigley,cameupwiththeoutcomesthatthosetotalktooneselfaregeniuses.Herearethereasons:④

Whenyouaretalkingtoyourself,yoursensorymechanismgetsactivated.Itgetseasieronyourmemorysinceyoucanvisualizetheword,andyoucanactaccordingly.⑤

Everyoneofustendstohavevarioustypesofthoughts.Mostmakesense,whiletheothersdon’t.Supposeyouarefuriousatsomeoneandyoufeellikekillingthatperson.Nowforthisissueyouwon’truntoatherapist,willyou?No,whatyoudoislockyourselfinaroomandmuttertoyourself.Youarelettinggoofftheangerbytalkingtoyourself,theprosandconsofkillingthatperson,andeventuallyyoucalmdown.Thisisasillythoughtthatyouhaveandareunabletoshareitwithanyotherperson.PsychologistLindaSapadinsaid,“Ithelpsyouclarifyyourthoughts,tendtowhat’simportantandfirmupanydecisionsyouarecontemplating.”Step4:paraphrase&polishPara1:Sciencehasdiscoveredthatthosewhotalktothemselvesareactuallygeniuses.Ithasbeendiscoveredthatpeopletalkingtothemselvesaregeniuses.

Para2:Psychologist-researcherGaryLupyanconductedanexperiment.Para3:Lupyan,togetherwithanotherpsychologist,DanielSwigley,cameupwiththeoutcomesthatthosetotalktooneselfaregeniuses.ExperimentscarriedoutbyGary,togetherwithDanielaresupportingthisdiscovery.

PsychologistGaryLupyancarriedoutanexperiment.Heandanotherpsychologistputforwardthesameresult.Whenyoutalktoyourself,thewordsappearinyourmindrepeatedly,whichmakesiteasiertoremember.Para5:Ithelpsyouclarifyyourthoughts,tendtowhat’simportantandfirmupanydecisionsyouarecontemplating.Meanwhile,ithelpstoexpressyourselfclearly,focusontheimportanceandmakedecisionsfirmly.Para4:Itgetseasieronyourmemorysinceyoucanvisualizetheword,andyoucanactaccordingly.Onepossibleversion:

Ithasbeendiscoveredthatpeopletalkingtothemselvesaregeniuses.ExperimentscarriedoutbyGary,togetherwithDanielaresupportingthisdiscovery.Whenyoutalktoyourself,thewordsappearinyourmindrepeatedly,whichmakesiteasiertoremember.Meanwhile,ithelpstoexplainyourideasclearly,focusontheimportanceandmakedecisionsfirmly.(57words)AgoodsummaryContent:Useyourownwordstosummarize(generalwords)2.Coverthemainpoints,noexamplesordetails3.BeshortandobjectiveLanguage：Properwords,accuratesentencebuilding,don’tcopytheoriginalwords

Computershavechangedthewayabusinessfunctionsinalongway.Inthepast,companiesrentedspacesforrunningaccountingdepartments.Ittookmonthstofigureoutprofitorlossthatabusinesshadmadeorsuffered.Recordingentriesandotherrelevantdataweremainlydonebyhand.However,computershavebecomethebackboneofallbusinessesnow.Today,computersarewidelyused.Almosteverythingthathappensinanorganizationisrecordedandevaluatedwiththehelpofcomputers.Imaginingourliveswithoutcomputersisnexttoimpossible.Computerswereinitiallyusedonlyinworkplaces.However,theysoonrevolutionizedeverythingfromschoolhomeworktogroceryshopping.WhentheInternetcameintobeing,itchangedthewaywefunctioned.Itbroughttheworldcloser.Overaperiodoftime,computersenabledworkingathome,whichcreatedanewtypedofemploymentformany.Astechnologyprogressed,thingssuchasshopping,bookingtickets,buyinganewhouse,searchingforschoolsandcolleges,applyingtothesame,researchingforprojectsandmedicalinformationbecamealoteasier.Asanindispensabletoolinourlives,computershavechangedthewaywethinkinmorewaysthanone.Today,allyouhavetodotofindanswersis,just“Googleit”!theonlineworldofblogging,instantmessaging,chattingandsocialnetworkingunitestheworldinacompletelyunimaginableway.Thepowerfulmediumprovidesaplatformforpeopletovoicetheiropinionsandstirdiscussionsthathavebroughtaboutachangeintheworld.Computershavepushedustoseedifferentworldsandexperiencedifferentcultures.Althoughthegrowthisavirtualone,it’safter-effectsthatareveryreal.TherevolutioninEgyptisthelatestexampleofhowcomputerschangedtheworld.Todaytheidentityofinformationtechnologyiscomputers,economics,historyandcurrentaffairs.Theadventofcomputershasnodoubtbroughtarevolutionarychangeinourexistence,howeverithasaflipsidetoo.Thus,usingacomputerforabetterevolutioninthecomingdecadesremainsabiggerchallengeformankind.

Computershavebroughtgreatchangesinourlivesovertheyears.Firstly,computershavelargelychangedthetraditionalwaythatpeopledobusiness.Secondly,computershavebecomeanimportantpartofourlivesandbenefitusindifferentways.Besides,computershavechangedourwayofthinking.Moreimportantly,computersallowustoseedifferentworldsandexperiencedifferentcultureswithoutleavinghome.Inconclusion,thecomputerhasbeenoneofthegreatestinventionswehaveeverhad.Onepossibleversion:練習(xí)1

Scientistsfindthatthehard-workingpeoplelivelongerthanaveragemenandwomen.Careerwomenarehealthierthanhou