新標(biāo)準(zhǔn)大學(xué)英語(第二版)綜合教程2 Unit 2 A篇練習(xí)答案及課文翻譯

2021/5/91ContentsActiveReading12021/5/92WarmingUpListentoapassageandanswerquestions.NewwordsOkinawa

（日本）沖繩curator

n.

（博物館、美術(shù)館、圖書館等）管理者；館長morale

n.士氣sueforpeace

求和；議和preserve

v.

保留pacifist

n.和平愛好者Nagasaki

（日本）長崎Hiroshima

（日本）廣島2021/5/93WarmingUp1.

WhywastheInvasionofOkinawathebloodiest,andoneofthelargestbattlesofWorldWarII?2.

WhatweretheintentionsoftheJapanesegeneralinthisbattle?3.

WhatwasoneofthereasonsthatUSofficialsdecidedtodropatomicbombsonNagasakiandHiroshima?4.

Whatdotoday’sOkinawans(沖繩人)thinkofwar?Script2021/5/94WarmingUp1.WhywastheInvasionofOkinawawasthebloodiest,andoneofthelargestbattlesofWorldWarII?Morethan1,000Americanshipsandhundredsofthousandsoftroopswereinvolved.Thefightinglasted82days.Villagesweredestroyedandforestsburned.Almost200,000peoplewerekilled.2.WhatweretheintentionsoftheJapanesegeneralinthisbattle?HeplannedtohurtthemoraleandstrengthoftheAmericans./HisintentionwastobleedtheAmericanforcessobadthattheUS

suedforpeace.2021/5/95WarmingUpScript3.WhatwasoneofthereasonsthatUSofficialsdecidedtodropatomicbombsonNagasakiandHiroshima?Japaneseforcesfoughtfiercely.Somefoughttothedeath,refusingtosurrenderevenwhentheyknewtheycouldnotwin.ThiswasonereasonUSofficialsgavefortheirdecisiontodropatomicbombsonthecityofNagasakiandHiroshima.4.Whatdotoday’sOkinawans(沖繩人)thinkofwar?ManyOkinawansare

pacifists,andtheygatheroftentospeakagainstviolence.TheyareunhappyaboutthepresenceofAmericantroopsonOkinawa.AndtheyopposeeffortsbyconservativesinJapantostrengthenthecountry’smilitary.2021/5/96WarmingUpScriptOnAugust15,1945,JapansurrenderedtoalliedforcesledbytheUnitedStates.ThealliesfoughtmanycostlybattlesagainstJapan.ThebloodiestandmostdeadlywastheBattleofOkinawa.USofficialssaidthebattlewasonereasontheydecidedtouseatomicweaponsonJapan.Theysaidthehumancostoffightingwastoohigh.TheinvasionofOkinawawasthelast,thebloodiest,andoneofthelargestbattlesofWorldWarII.Morethan1,000Americanshipsandhundredsofthousandsoftroopswereinvolved.Thefightinglasted82days.Villagesweredestroyedandforestsburned.Almost200,000peoplewerekilled.2021/5/97WarmingUpAsmallmuseumonaUSMarinebaseinOkinawashowspicturesandhistoricalobjectsfromthebattle.MarkWaycasteristhe

curator

ofthemuseum’sBattleofOkinawaarea.HesaysJapaneseGeneralMitsuruUshijima’splanwastohurtthemoraleandstrengthoftheAmericans.Hisgoalwasnottowin.“HisintentionsistobleedtheAmericanforcessobadthattheUnitedStates

suesforpeace.”ManyAmericanandJapanesetroopswerekilledorinjuredinOkinawa.Japaneseforcesfoughtfiercely.Somefoughttothedeath,refusingtosurrenderevenwhentheyknewtheycouldnotwin.ThiswasonereasonUSofficialsgavefortheirdecisiontodropatomicbombsonthecityofNagasakiandHiroshima.2021/5/98WarmingUpTodayonOkinawa,manyJapanesestillrememberthebattle.Thefightingcausedthedeathsofalmostone-thirdofthecivilianswholivedontheisland.SomeJapanesemilitaryareasare

preserved

asmemorials.Manypeoplerememberorlearnedaboutthedeathsanddamageresultingfromthewar.ManyOkinawansare

pacifists,andtheygatheroftentospeakagainstviolence.TheyareunhappyaboutthepresenceofAmericantroopsonOkinawa.AndtheyopposeeffortsbyconservativesinJapantostrengthenthecountry’smilitary.2021/5/99TextWar2021/5/910War1

Thepassengershadhadtostopatasmallstationinordertocontinuetheirjourneybythesmallold-fashionedlocaltrain.2

Atdawn,abulkywomanindeepmourningwashoistedin–almostlikeashapelessbundle.Behindher,puffingandmoaning,followedherhusband–atinyman,thinandweakly,lookingshyanduneasy.3

Havingatlasttakenaseathepolitelythankedthepassengerswhohadhelpedhiswifeandmaderoomforher.Thewifepulleduphercollaragaintohereyes,soastohideherface.Text2021/5/9114

Andhefeltithisdutytoexplaintohistravelingcompanionsthatthewarwastakingawayfromherheronlyson,aboyof20towhombothhaddevotedtheirentirelife,evenallowinghimtovolunteerforwarandnow,allofasudden,receivingawiresayingthathewasduetoleaveinthreedays’timeandaskingthemtogoandseehimoff.5

Thewomanunderthebigcoatwasfeelingcertainthatallthoseexplanationswouldnothavearousedevenashadowofsympathyfromthosepeoplewho–mostlikely–wereinthesameplightasherself.Oneofthemsaid:Text2021/5/9126

“Whataboutme?Ihavetwosonsandthreenephewsatthefront.”7“Maybe,butinourcaseitisouronlyson,”venturedthehusband.8

“Whatdifferencecanitmake?Youmayspoilyouronlysonbyexcessiveattentions,butyoucannotlovehimmorethanyouwouldallyourotherchildrenifyouhadany.Parentalloveisnotlikebreadthatcanbebrokentopiecesandsplitamongstthechildreninequalshares.IfIamsufferingnowformytwosons,Iamnotsufferinghalfforeachofthembutdouble...”9

“True...true...”sighedtheembarrassedhusband,“butsupposeafatherhastwosonsatthefrontandhelosesoneofthem,thereisstillonelefttoconsolehim...while...”Text2021/5/91310

“Yes,”answeredtheother,“asonlefttoconsolehimbutalsoasonleftforwhomhemustsurvive,whileinthecaseofthefatherofanonlysonifthesondiesthefathercandietooandputanendtohisdistress.”11

“Nonsense,”interruptedanothertraveler,afat,red-facedmanwithbloodshoteyes.12

Hewaspanting.Fromhisbulgingeyesseemedtospurtinnerviolenceofanuncontrolledvitalitywhichhisweakenedbodycouldhardlycontain.13

“Dowegivelifetoourownchildrenforourownbenefit?”Text2021/5/91414

Theothertravelersstaredathimindistress.Oneofthemsaid“Youareright.Ourchildrendonotbelongtous,theybelongtothecountry...”15

“Bosh,”retortedthefattraveler.“Dowethinkofthecountrywhenwegivelifetoourchildren?Oursonsarebornbecause...well,becausetheymustbeborn.Now,atourage,theloveofourcountryisstillgreat,ofcourse,butstrongeristheloveofourchildren.”16

Therewasasilenceallround,everybodynoddingtoapprove.Text2021/5/91517

“Whythen,”continuedthefatman,“shouldn’tweconsiderthefeelingsofourchildren?Isn’titnaturalthatattheiragetheyshouldconsiderthelovefortheirCountryevengreaterthantheloveforus?Everyoneshouldstopcrying;everyoneshouldlaugh…oratleastthankGod–asIdo–becausemysonsentmeamessagesayingthathewasdyingsatisfiedathavingendedhislifeinthebestwayhecouldhavewished.ThatiswhyIdonotevenwearmourning...”18

Heshookhislightfawncoatastoshowit;hislividlipoverhismissingteethwastrembling,hiseyeswerewateryandmotionless,andsoonafterheendedwithashrilllaughwhichmightwellhavebeenasob.Text2021/5/91619

“Quiteso...quiteso...”agreedtheothers.20

Thewomanhadtriedtofindinthewordsofherhusbandandherfriendssomethingtoconsoleherinherdeepsorrow,somethingthatmightshowherhowamothershouldresignherselftosendhersonnoteventodeathbuttoaprobabledangeroflife.21

Yetnotawordhadshefoundamongstthemanythathadbeensaidandhergriefhadbeengreaterinseeingthatnobodycouldshareherfeelings.Text2021/5/91722

Butnowthewordsofthetraveleramazedandalmoststunnedher.Shesuddenlyrealizedthatitwasn’ttheotherswhocouldnotunderstandherbutherselfwhocouldnotriseuptothesameheightofthosefathersandmotherswillingtoresignthemselves,withoutcrying,notonlytothedepartureoftheirsonsbuteventotheirdeath.23

Shebentoverfromhercornertryingtolistenwithgreatattentiontothedetailswhichthefatmanwasgivingtohiscompanionsaboutthewayhissonhadfallenasahero,forhisKingandhiscountry,happyandwithoutregrets.Itseemedtoherthatshehadstumbledintoaworldshehadneverdreamtof.Text2021/5/91824

Thensuddenly,justasifshehadheardnothingofwhathadbeensaidandalmostasifwakingupfromadream,sheturnedtotheoldman,andinquired:25

“Then...isyoursonreallydead?”26

Everyonestaredather.Theoldman,too,turnedtolookather,fixinghisgreat,bulging,horriblywaterylightgrayeyes,deepinherface.Forsometimehetriedtoanswer,butwordsfailedhim.Hehadsuddenlyrealizedatlastthathissonwasreallydead–goneforever–forever.Hisfacecontracted,becamehorriblydistorted,thenhesnatched

inhasteahandkerchieffromhispocketand,totheamazementofeveryone,brokeintoharrowing,heart-breaking,uncontrollablesobs.Text■2021/5/919Text戰(zhàn)?爭1

旅客們不得不在一個小站停留，準(zhǔn)備換乘老式小火車?yán)^續(xù)他們的旅程。2

天亮?xí)r，一個深陷哀慟的大塊頭女人被架了進來——差不多像一捆沒形的包袱卷。跟在她身后，喘著粗氣呻吟著的，是她的丈夫——一個小個子男人，又瘦又弱，表情羞怯不安。3終于落了座，他彬彬有禮地感謝幫助他妻子、給她騰地兒的乘客。他妻子又扯起衣領(lǐng)，蓋上眼睛，把臉遮住。2021/5/920Text

4

他覺得有義務(wù)向旅伴們解釋：戰(zhàn)爭就要奪走她的獨生子，一個二十歲的小伙子，他們兩口子把一輩子的心血都花在他身上，甚至允許他自愿參戰(zhàn)；現(xiàn)在突然接到電報，說他三天之后就要開拔，要他們?nèi)樗托小?

裹在大衣下面的女人確信這些解釋全然不會引起這些人哪怕一丁點兒的同情——他們極有可能像她自己一樣處在同樣的痛苦當(dāng)中。他們當(dāng)中有人說：2021/5/921Text6“我呢？我有兩個兒子和三個侄子在前線呢?！?“也許，可我們的情況是，那是我們唯一的兒子，”那位丈夫壯起膽子說。8“那又有什么不同呢？你可能會因為過度關(guān)心把你的獨生子慣壞，可是如果你有別的孩子，你也不可能愛他勝過愛其他孩子。父母之愛不像面包，可以掰開，平均分給孩子們。如果說現(xiàn)在我正在為我的兩個兒子受煎熬的話，我不是在為他們每人受一半的苦，而是加倍受苦……”9“是啊……是啊……”那位丈夫?qū)擂蔚貒@息道，“可是如果一個父親有兩個兒子在前線，他失去其中的一個，還剩一個可以安慰他……而……”2021/5/922Text10“對呀，”對方回答說，“剩下一個兒子安慰他，他也要為這個兒子活下去，而獨生子父親的情況是，如果兒子死了，父親也可以一死了卻痛苦?！?1“胡說，”另一位旅客插話說。這是個肥胖、紅臉的男人，眼睛里布滿血絲。12

他氣喘吁吁的。一股無法控制的活力在內(nèi)心激烈震蕩，似乎要從他那鼓凸的雙眼里迸發(fā)出來，他衰弱的身體幾乎控制不了他的情緒。13“我們賦予孩子生命難道就是為了自己得到好處嗎？”2021/5/923Text14其他旅客都悲傷地盯著他。其中一位說：“你是對的。我們的孩子不屬于我們，他們屬于國家……”15“胡扯，”胖旅客反駁說?！拔覀兘o孩子生命的時候想到國家了嗎？我們的兒子出生是因為……呃，因為他們必須出生?，F(xiàn)在，在我們這個歲數(shù)，當(dāng)然，對國家的愛依然強烈，但對我們孩子的愛更強烈。”16周圍一片沉默，人人都點頭贊同。2021/5/924Text17

“那么，”胖男人繼續(xù)說道，“我們?yōu)槭裁床粦?yīng)該考慮孩子們的感情呢？在他們這個年紀(jì)，他們理應(yīng)認為對國家的愛大于對我們的愛，這不是很自然嗎？人人都應(yīng)當(dāng)停止哭泣；人人都應(yīng)當(dāng)大笑……或者至少感謝上帝——像我一樣——因為我兒子寄給我一封信，說他就要死了，并為能以自己所希望的最佳方式結(jié)束生命而感到滿足。這就是為什么我甚至都沒有穿喪服……”18

他抖抖他那淺黃褐色大衣，好像是在展示它；他豁牙上鐵青的嘴唇在顫抖；他的雙眼濕潤、目光呆滯；很快他尖聲大笑了一下——也可能是一聲抽泣，算是說完了。2021/5/925Text19“的確如此……的確如此……”其他人表示同意。20

那個女人一直試圖從她丈夫和朋友的話里找些什么來安慰深陷憂傷的自己，以明白一個母親應(yīng)該怎樣聽天由命，她并不是送兒子去死，而是送他去一個極可能有生命危險的地方。21然而她在人們所說的許多話里并未找到一句安慰的話。眼看沒有人可以與她分憂，她就愈發(fā)痛苦了。2021/5/926Text22可是現(xiàn)在，那旅客的話讓她吃驚，幾乎讓她震驚。她忽然意識到，不是別人不理解她，而是她自己不能達到那些父母的高度；他們沒有哭泣，而是聽天由命，不僅接受兒子的離去，甚至還接受兒子的死。23她從角落里欠起身來，想仔細聽清楚。那個胖男人正在給旅伴們講述他兒子如何為國王和國家戰(zhàn)死而成為英雄，幸福且沒有遺憾。她覺得自己跌跌撞撞走進了一個從未夢見過的世界里。2021/5/927Text24然后突然，就好像她根本沒聽見別人說的話，仿佛剛從睡夢中醒來，她轉(zhuǎn)向那位老人，問道：25

“那么……你兒子真的死了嗎？”26人人都盯著她看。那位老人也轉(zhuǎn)過臉來看她，他那大大的、鼓凸的、濕潤得可怕的淺灰色眼睛深深凝視著她的臉。有一陣子他試圖回答，卻說不出話來。他終于忽然意識到他的兒子真的死了——永遠走了——永遠。他的臉抽搐起來，扭曲得嚇人，然后令所有人都吃驚的是，他匆忙從衣袋里掏出手帕，爆發(fā)出令人心碎的、悲痛欲絕的、抑制不住的抽泣。2021/5/928Words&Phrases2021/5/929Words&Phrases2021/5/930old-fashioned

a.

nolongermodernorfashionable過時的；老式的e.g.1.Thehousewasdull,old-fashionedandinbadcondition.這幢房子死氣沉沉、風(fēng)格過時并且破敗不堪。2.Therearesometraditionalfarmersleftwhostillmakecheesetheold-fashionedway.還有一些傳統(tǒng)的農(nóng)民仍舊在用老式的方法制作奶酪。Words&Phrases2021/5/931bulky

a.big,wide;andsolid粗壯的；肥胖的e.g.1.Furnitureissobulky,ittakessomuchroom.家具體積太大，占了太多空間。2.Theclimbertooksomefoodfromthebulkypackonhisback.登山者從背上碩大的包裹里拿出一些食物。3.Herpaddedcoatmadeherlookverybulky.穿著棉襖使她顯得很臃腫。Words&Phrases2021/5/932mourning

n.[U]greatsadnessbecausesb.hasdied（因某人去世的）哀痛，悲痛，哀悼e.g.1.Theperiodofmourningandbereavementmaybelong.哀悼和悲傷會持續(xù)很久。2.NowIcanrememberwithoutmourning,andbegintolookahead.如今回首往事我已不再感到悲痛，并且開始展望將來。3.Hewasindeepmourningforhisdeadwife.他深切悼念亡妻。Wordfamily:mourn

v.Words&Phrases2021/5/933hoist

vt.

toliftsb.orsth.toahigherplace提起；舉起e.g.1.Hoisttheflagtothetopofthepole.把旗升到旗桿頂端。2.Grabbingthesideofthebunk,hehoistedhimselftoasittingposition.他抓住鋪位的床沿，坐起身來。3.Hoistingmysuitcaseontomyshoulder,Iturnedandheadedtowardmyhotel.我把手提箱扛到肩上，轉(zhuǎn)身向入住的旅館走去。Words&Phrases2021/5/934shapeless

a.withoutadefiniteshape無定形的；沒形的e.g.1.AuntMaryworeshapelessblackdresses.瑪麗姨媽總是穿一些沒款沒形的黑色裙子。2.Thebookisashapelessmassofcontradictoryroughdrafts.那本書結(jié)構(gòu)混亂，是一堆自相矛盾的草稿的匯編。3.Shewasasmall,shapelesswomaninherfifties,whowasundersupervisionbythepolice.她是一個矮小、身材走樣的五十多歲女人，被警方懷疑。Wordfamily:shape

n.Words&Phrases2021/5/935bundle

n.[C]agroupofthingsthathavebeentiedtogether,especiallysothatyoucancarrythemeasily（尤指為攜帶方便而扎成的）捆，束，包e.g.1.Shetookoutabundleofnotes.

她拿出一捆鈔票。2.Hegatheredthebundlesofclothingintohisarms.他把一包包的衣服夾在胳膊下面。3.Ihaveabout20year’smagazinestiedupinbundles.我把大約20年的雜志扎成捆。Words&Phrases2021/5/936puff

v.tobreatheorblowoutairnoisily,especiallybecauseyouhavebeenrunning,climbingetc.（尤指跑步、攀登之后）氣喘吁吁，喘息e.g.1.Iknownothingaboutboxing,butIcouldseehewasunfit,becausehewaspuffing.我對拳擊一無所知，但我看出他狀態(tài)不佳，因為他在急促喘息。2.Theoldmanmanagedtopuffoutafewwords.那老人好不容易喘息著說出幾句話。apuffof:一陣（氣味、煙霧等）e.g.Windcaughtasuddenpuffofdustandblewitinland.

風(fēng)猛地刮起一陣灰塵，將它吹往內(nèi)陸。Words&Phrases2021/5/937moan

v.1.

ifsb.moans,theymakealonglowsoundbecauseofpain,sadness,orpleasure呻吟；嗚咽e.g.1.Thesickgirlmoanedawhile,andthenfellasleep.那個生病的女孩呻吟了一會就睡著了。2.Thewoundedmanmoanedceaselessly.那個傷員呻吟不止。2.tocomplainaboutsth.inanannoyingway抱怨；發(fā)牢騷e.g.He’salwaysmoaningthathehastoomuchworktodo.他總是抱怨他有太多的工作要做。Words&Phrases2021/5/938uneasy

a.

sb.whofeelsuneasyfeelsslightlynervous,worried,orupsetaboutsth.（人）緊張的，擔(dān)心的，憂慮的e.g.1.Hesaidnothingbutgavemeaslygrinthatmademefeelterriblyuneasy.他什么也沒說，只是朝我狡黠一笑，這讓我感到極其不安。2.Helookeduneasyandrefusedtoanswerquestions.他看上去焦慮不安，拒絕回答問題。3.Ihadanuneasyfeelingthathewasgoingtospoilit.我有種不安的感覺，覺得他會把事情搞砸。Antonym:easyWords&Phrases2021/5/939arouse

vt.

tocauseanemotionorattitude引起；激起；喚起e.g.1.Ithasarousedtheinterestofagrowingnumberofeconomists.(CET4-2006-06)這引起越來越多的經(jīng)濟學(xué)家的興趣。2.Weleftinthedaytimesoasnottoarousesuspicion.我們在白天離開以避免引起懷疑。3.Thiskindofmoviescouldalwaysarousemyimagination.這類電影總是能激發(fā)我的想象力。Words&Phrases2021/5/940venture

vt.

1.tobebraveenoughtosaysth.敢說；大膽表示e.g.1.Heventuredthatplantsdrawpartoftheirnourishmentfromtheair.他大膽提出植物從空氣中吸收部分養(yǎng)分的觀點。2.StephenventuredafewmoresentencesinhaltingJack.斯蒂芬斗膽說了幾句話以制止杰克。2.todosth.thatisarisk冒險e.g.Heenjoyedlittlesuccesswhenheventuredintobusiness.他冒險涉足商界后幾乎沒有取得什么成功。Words&Phrases2021/5/941excessive

a.muchmorethanisreasonableornecessary過度的；過分的e.g.1.Thepolicevigorouslydeniedthatexcessiveforcehadbeenused.警方堅決否認曾經(jīng)濫用武力。2.Excessivespeedplaysamajorroleinasmuchasonefifthofallfataltrafficaccidents.(CET4-2000-06)五分之一的致命車禍由超速這個重要原因所導(dǎo)致。3.Excessivedosageofthisdrugcanresultininjurytotheliver.過量服用這種藥物會損害肝臟。Wordfamily:excessively

ad.Words&Phrases2021/5/942parental

a.

involvingorprovidedbyparents父親的；母親的；家長的e.g.1.Medicaltreatmentwassometimesgiventochildrenwithoutparentalconsent.有時未征得家長同意就對孩子進行了藥物治療。2.Heencouragesparentalinvolvementintherunningofschool.他鼓勵學(xué)生家長參與學(xué)校的管理。3.Parentsareentitledto13weeks’parentalleave.父母可以休13個星期的親子假。Wordfamily:parent

n.Words&Phrases2021/5/943amongst

prep.(=among)usedforsayingthatsb.orsth.isincludedinaparticulargroupofpeopleorthings（用于提及一群人或物中的某人或某物）在…之中，在…之間e.g.1.He

was

sitting

amongst

a

group

of

children,

telling

thema

story.

他正坐在一群孩子中間講故事。2.TherehadbeenastrikeamongstBritishAirwaysgroundstaff.英國航空公司的機場地勤人員曾經(jīng)舉行過罷工。Words&Phrases2021/5/944console

vt.

totrytomakesb.feelbetterwhentheyareunhappyordisappointed安慰e.g.1.Theytriedtoconsolehimforlosingtheprizebytakinghimtoatheater.他們領(lǐng)他去看劇，以作為對他失去獎品的安慰。2.Nothingcouldconsolehimwhenhiswifedied.他妻子去世后，什么事情也不能使他感到寬慰。Wordfamily:consolation

n.e.g.Thereissomeconsolationforfansbecausetheteamstillstandsachanceofwinningthelocalchampionship.使球迷感到有些安慰的是這個隊仍然有機會贏得當(dāng)?shù)乇荣惞谲?。Words&Phrases2021/5/945distress

1.n.[U]afeelingthatyouhavewhenyouareveryunhappy,worried,orupset苦惱；悲傷；憂慮e.g.1.Jealousycausesdistressandpainfulemotions.嫉妒會帶來憂慮和痛苦。2.Hermouthgrewstiffwithpainanddistress.疼痛和悲傷讓她說不出話。2.vt.

tomakesb.feelveryunhappy,worried,orupset使痛苦，使憂傷e.g.Thenewsofhisdeathdistressedusgreatly.他逝世的消息使我們極為悲痛。Words&Phrases2021/5/946bloodshot

a.bloodshoteyesareredinthepartwheretheyshouldbewhite（眼睛）充血的，布滿血絲的e.g.1.Thewhitesofhiseyeswerebloodshotfromlackofsleep.他的眼白因缺乏睡眠而充滿血絲。2.Myeyeswerebloodshotafterreadinguntil3a.m.lastnight.我昨晚看書看到3點，眼睛都充血了。Words&Phrases2021/5/947pant

vi.tobreatheveryloudlywithyourmouthopen,forexamplewhenyouhavebeenrunningorexercising（跑步或鍛煉后）大口喘氣，喘粗氣e.g.1.Anypersonwakingfromanightmarewillsituprightandpanthard.任何人從惡夢中驚醒時會突然坐起來大口喘氣。2.Adoghastopanttokeepcool.狗必須通過大口喘氣來保持涼快。3.Webegantopantbeforewereachedthetopofhill.我們在到達山頂之前已經(jīng)氣喘吁吁了。Words&Phrases2021/5/948bulging

a.stickingout鼓起的；凸出的e.g.1.Heisatallmanwithbulgingmuscles.他個子很高，肌肉發(fā)達。2.Herpocketswerebulgingwithpresents.她的口袋鼓鼓囊囊的，裝滿了禮物。Wordfamily:bulge

v.Words&Phrases2021/5/949spurt

v.ifaliquidspurtsfromsth.,itcomesoutinasuddenstrongflow噴出；迸出；涌出e.g.1.Isawflamesspurtfromtheroof.我看到火焰從屋頂冒了出來。2.Waterspurtedfromthebrokenpipe.水從破裂的水管中噴出。3.Oilspurtsoutofthewell.石油從油井中噴了出來。Words&Phrases2021/5/950inner

a.

(onlybeforenoun)private,personal,orsecret內(nèi)心的；個人的；隱秘的e.g.1.Whenheheardthesewords,Stevefelthisinnerdoubtsmeltaway.聽到這番話，史蒂夫感到他內(nèi)心的疑慮頓時消散了。2.Lovingrelationshipswillgiveachildaninnersenseofsecurity.親昵關(guān)系會給予孩子內(nèi)心一種安全感。3.Michaelneededtoexpresshisinnertensions.邁克爾需要宣泄一下他內(nèi)心的緊張。Words&Phrases2021/5/951uncontrolled

a.continuingwithoutbeingstoppedorcontrolled,especiallyinawaythatyoudonotapproveof不受控制的，不加克制的（尤指對此情形不贊成）e.g.1.Uncontrolledbleedingcallsforprofessionalcare.流血不止需要專業(yè)處理。2.Hehadnotheardhercrybeforeinthisuncontrolled,hopelessway.他從未聽到過她如此絕望地失聲痛哭。3.Thereshouldbeafirmmeasureagainstthehomepriceincreaseduncontrolled.需要有一項措施來制止一下已經(jīng)無法控制的高房價了。Wordfamily:control

v.Words&Phrases2021/5/952vitality

n.[U]energyorenthusiasm精力；干勁；熱情e.g.1.ContemporaryAfricancinemahasmuchtoofferinitsvitalityandfreshness.當(dāng)代非洲電影貢獻了許多有活力和新穎的題材。2.Withoutcontinuedlearning,graduateswilllosetheirintellectualvitality.如果不繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)，畢業(yè)生就會失去思想上的活力。3.Heisamanofextraordinaryvitality,drivingambitionandpoliticalnous.他是一個精力非凡、志向遠大、政治上很有見識的人。Wordfamily:vital

a.Words&Phrases2021/5/953weaken

v.tomakesb.physicallylessstrongandhealthy,ortobecomelessstrongandhealthy（使）變虛弱；（使）衰弱e.g.1.Youcanweakentheteabyaddingwater.你可以加水把茶弄得淡一些。2.Therecessionhasweakenedsomanyfirmsthatmanycannolongersurvive.經(jīng)濟衰退使許多公司實力大損，不少難以為繼。3.Continualfeversweakenthevitality.連續(xù)發(fā)燒會使人元氣大傷。Wordfamily:weaka.

Words&Phrases2021/5/954retort

vt.

toreplyimmediatelyinanangryorhumorouswaytosth.thatsb.hassaid反駁；回嘴e.g.1.Heretorteduponme,sayingitwasallmyfault.他反駁說這全是我的過錯。2.AmericaandBritainretortthattheyareaskeenaseveryoneelsetosortoutthewholemess.美英兩國反駁說，他們跟其他國家一樣熱衷于解決這個亂局。Words&Phrases2021/5/955fawn

a.

lightbrownincolour鹿毛色；淺黃褐色e.g.Therewassomethingfamiliarabouthim,hisfawnraincoat,histhinness,thewayhemoved.他有點眼熟——淺黃褐色雨衣，瘦削的身影，走路的姿態(tài)。Words&Phrases2021/5/956livid

a.darkpurpleorblue-greyincolour黑紫色的；烏青色的e.g.1.Thescarredsideofhisfacewasalividred.

他有疤的那側(cè)臉青紫發(fā)紅。2.Hisfacewaslividwithanger.

他氣得臉色發(fā)青。Words&Phrases2021/5/957watery

a.

containingorfilledwithwater含水的；充滿水的e.g.1.Shecoughed,sneezed,andgotarunnynoseandwateryeyes.她咳嗽，

打噴嚏，

流鼻涕，流眼淚。2.Thesoupistoowatery,pleaseaddsomesalt.這湯實在是太淡了，請再放些鹽。Wordfamily:water

n.Words&Phrases2021/5/958motionless

a.

notmovingatall靜止的；一動不動的e.g.1.Hehasthisabilityofbeingabletoremainasmotionlessasastatue,forhoursonend.他有本事連續(xù)幾個小時一動不動，像雕塑一樣。2.Shesatmotionless,waitingfortheirdecision.她坐在那里一動不動，等候他們作出決定。3.Thewaterwasglassyandmotionless,reflectingtheinkskyabove.水面波平如鏡，映射出天空墨水似的顏色。Wordfamily:motion

n.Words&Phrases2021/5/959shrill

a.

ashrillnoiseorvoiceisveryloud,high,andunpleasant（噪音或嗓音）尖銳的，刺耳的e.g.1.Theunearthlysilencewasbrokenbyashrillscreaming.一聲尖叫打破了這可怕的沉寂。2.Shrillcriesflewuparoundusasthequakebrokeout.地震時，我們周圍充斥著尖厲的哭喊聲。Words&Phrases2021/5/960sob

1.n.[C]theactofcryingnoisilywhiletakingshortbreaths啜泣；嗚咽；抽噎e.g.1.Hisvoicebrokeintoasobasheanswered.他回答的時候，聲音像哭一樣。2.Afteramoment,heletoutalongsob,quicklycoveringhisfacewithfreehand.過了片刻，他發(fā)出一陣嗚咽，迅速用一只手遮住了臉。2.v.

tocrynoisilywhiletakingshortbreaths啜泣；嗚咽；抽噎e.g.Theboystartedtosobwhenhecouldn’tfindhismother.孩子因找不到他媽媽哭了起來。Words&Phrases2021/5/961probable

a.

likelytohappenorbetrue很可能的；很可能發(fā)生的；很可能真實的e.g.1.Theprobableoutcomeofthetalksisacompromise.會談的結(jié)果很可能是妥協(xié)。2.Itisprobablethatthemedicationwillsuppressthesymptomwithouttreatingthecondition.這種藥物有可能治標(biāo)不治本。Wordfamily:probabilityn.Words&Phrases2021/5/962stun

vt.

toshockandsurprisesb.somuchthattheycannotreactimmediately使震驚；使大吃一驚；使驚得目瞪口呆e.g.1.Manycinema-goerswerestunnedbythefilm’sviolentandtragicend.許多來看電影的人都被這部影片暴力而悲慘的結(jié)局所震驚。2.Herwitstunnedtheaudience.她的才智令觀眾贊嘆不已。Words&Phrases2021/5/963contract

vi.ifamusclecontracts,itbecomestighter（肌肉）緊縮e.g.1.Bloodisonlyexpelledfromtheheartwhenitcontracts.血液在心臟收縮的時候從心臟流出。2.Newresearchshowsthatanexcessofmeatandsaltcancontractmuscles.新的研究表明，過量食用肉類和鹽可能會導(dǎo)致肌肉收縮。Wordfamily:contraction

n.e.g.Coldweathercausesacontractionoftwoinchesinbridge.寒冷的天氣會使這座橋縮短兩英寸。Words&Phrases2021/5/964distort

vt.

1.tochangethewaysth.looks,sounds,orbehavessothatitbecomesstrangeordifficulttorecognize使變形；使扭曲；使畸形；使失真e.g.1.Hissizewaspersistentlydistortedbythecartoonists.漫畫家們總是把他畫得變形。2.Hisfacewasdistortedbyrage.他因發(fā)怒而面部扭曲。2.tochangesth.suchasinformationsothatitisnolongertrueoraccurate歪曲，曲解e.g.Theministersaidhisremarkshadbeen

distorted.

部長說他的言論被曲解了。Words&Phrases2021/5/965snatch

vt.

topullortakesth.awayquickly搶；攫?。粖Z走e.g.1.Shemanagedtosnatchthegunfromhishand.她設(shè)法從他手里奪過了槍。2.ThemagazinewassnatchedfrommyhandbeforeIcouldreadit.我還沒來得及看那期雜志，就被從我手里搶走了。3.Thethiefsnatchedherhandbagandran.盜賊搶了她的手提包就跑。Words&Phrases2021/5/966haste

n.[U](fml)greatspeedindoingsth.becauseoflimitedtime匆忙；倉促e.g.1.Thetranslationsbearthesignsofinaccuracyandhaste.這些譯文中有不夠準(zhǔn)確、下筆倉促的痕跡。2.Thecontractsaystheworkmustbecompletedwithallpossiblehaste.合同上寫明這項工作必須盡快完成。3.Spellingmistakesareoftenjusttheresultofhaste.拼寫錯誤經(jīng)常是由于匆忙而造成的。Seealso:inhasteWords&Phrases2021/5/967harrowing

a.extremelyworrying,upsetting,orfrightening令人痛苦的；折磨人的；可怕的e.g.1.Theshipwreckwasaharrowingexperience.那次船難是一個慘痛的經(jīng)歷。2.Shetoldusaharrowingtaleofmisfortunes.她告訴我們一個悲慘的故事。3.Ididn’tthinkIcouldsitthroughthefilmagain.Itwassoharrowingandtoremeapart.我覺得自己無法把那部電影再看一遍。故事太悲慘，讓我心碎。Words&Phrases2021/5/968uncontrollable

a.

impossibletocontrolorstop控制不住的；不可阻止的e.g.1.HeburstintouncontrollablelaughteratwhatI'dsaid.聽了我的話，他禁不住大笑起來。2.Therewasanuncontrollablenoteoffearinhervoice.她的聲音中有一種控制不住的害怕。3.Uncontrollableangersurgedupwhenhesawwhathadbeendone.看到事情竟然搞成這個樣子，他難以抑制心頭怒火。Wordfamily:control

v.Words&Phrases2021/5/969takeaway:toremovesb.orsth.,ormakesth.disappear拿走，帶走e.g.1.I’llgiveyousometabletstotakeawaythepain.我給你一些藥片止痛。2.Don’tlethimtakeawayyourfreedomtothinkforyourself.別讓他奪去你獨立思考的自由。3.Inprisonthey’dtakenawayhiswatchandeverythinghepossessed.在監(jiān)獄，他們把他的手表和其他一切東西都拿走了。Words&Phrases2021/5/970seeoff:togosomewh