廣東省廣州市造船廠中學(xué)2021年高三英語期末試卷含解析

廣東省廣州市造船廠中學(xué)2021年高三英語期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Thefactoryproducedmanykindsofbikes,noneof___

__shippedtoforeigncountries.A.them

B.which

C.that

D.what參考答案：A2.RobinWilliamswasluckybecausehewasofferedsomanyparts

hecouldbewhateverheneededtobe—rolesthatensuredhisspotamongthecomedygreats.A.when

B.where

C.which

D.that參考答案：B【命題立意】考查定語從句的用法。句意：RobinWilliams很幸運(yùn)，因?yàn)樗惶峁┝怂茉诘倪@么多的地方，不管他是什么角色，這能確保他喜劇大師的地位。先行詞為parts，定語從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語，故判斷選B。3.Findingajobinsuchabigcompanyhasalwaysbeen

hiswildestdreams.A.under

B.over

C.above

D.beyond參考答案：D4.

—AreyoureadyforSpain?—Yes.1wantthegirlstoexperiencethat______theyareyoung.A.while

B.until

C.if

D.before參考答案：A解析：此題考查while的用法，while可以作“當(dāng)…的時候，趁著…”講，符合題意“趁著這些女孩年輕，我想讓她們?nèi)ンw驗(yàn)一次”；而until是“直到…才”；if是“如果，是否”；before是“從前，在…之前”的意思，都不合題意。

5.UsedtoTVshows,

everythingisquickandentertaining,manypeopledonothavethepatiencetoreadabookthatrequiresthinking.

A.which

B.what

C.where

D.when參考答案：D6.—Doesanyoneknowtheguy?—Veryfewofus,ifany,hardly______evenwherehelives.

A.hasknown

B.areknowing

C.know

D.knows參考答案：C略7.Astrongearthquakehittingthecapitalcitylastyear,gone________thebeautytogetherwithmanyhistoricalsites.A.is

B.was

C.being

D.were參考答案：8.Thepersonwhotakesnochancesgenerallyhastotake______isleftwhenothersarethroughchoosing.A.however

B.whatever

C.whenever

D.whoever

參考答案：B9.Peoplecomeintoyourlifeforareason,aseasonoralifetime.Whenyou______whichoneitis,youwillknowwhattodoforeachperson.A.giveout

B.leaveout

C.turnout

D.figureout參考答案：D考查動詞短語

句意：人們走進(jìn)你的生活，或者是為了一個原因，或者他們只停留一段時間，或者他們與你永遠(yuǎn)相隨。一旦明曉其中究竟，你就知道該如何為他們?nèi)プ鍪裁戳恕項(xiàng)表示“發(fā)完，耗盡”；B項(xiàng)是“遺漏”之意；C項(xiàng)表示“結(jié)果是…”；D項(xiàng)是“計(jì)算出，得出”，故D項(xiàng)適合。10.---Whyweren’tyouatthemeeting?---I______foralong-distancecallfrommyfatherinAustralia.

A.waited

B.waswaiting

C.hadwaited

D.havebeenwaiting參考答案：B11.Amyjoinedapaintinggroupbutdidn’tseemto_______,sosheleft.A.showoff B.goup C.fitin D.comeover參考答案：C試題分析：句意：Amy加入了一個繪畫小組，但似乎不適應(yīng)，于是她退出了。A.showoff炫耀B.goup上升；響起C.fitin相處融洽D.comeover過來；順便拜訪。根據(jù)語境可知選C?？键c(diǎn)：考查動詞短語12.33一puttheseglasse.awaybeforethey_______

一OK,I'llputtheminthecupboard

A.havebrokenB.arebmakinsC.getbrokenD”illbehrok-參考答案：C略13.Idon’thavemoneyortimeinhand;_____,Ican’taccompanyyoutotheParksonMalltoday.A.inaword

B.inotherwords

C.bytheway

D.inthisway參考答案：B14.Theyoungmanmadea_________tohisparentsthathewould

trytoearnhisownlivingaftergraduation.

A.prediction

B.promise

C.plan

D.contribution

參考答案：B解析：本題考查名詞詞義辨析。makeapromise表示作出承諾，符合題意。15.Hefeelsrelaxedandevenbeginstowhistlebecause________ofthedistance________covered.A．threefifth;wereB．threefifth;wasC．threefifths;havebeenD．threefifths;hasbeen參考答案：D考查分?jǐn)?shù)表達(dá)與主謂一致。threefifths表示“五分之三”；“分?jǐn)?shù)、百分?jǐn)?shù)＋of＋名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞與of后的名詞保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致，此處of后的名詞distance是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)，因此選D項(xiàng)。16.--What’syourplanforthiswintervacation?

--I’lltakeanexpresstraintoDalianformyholiday______schoolends．

A．while

B．until

C．immediately

D．unless參考答案：C二、完型填空17.Children’sbooksarefilledwithfantasticfriendshipsbetweenhumansandbeasts.Fromayoungage,welearnthatifatigercomesforteaweshouldexpectittoeatalloursandwiches,andifaPeruvianbear___41___forlunchwehadbetterhavesomemarmalade(柑橘醬)inthecupboard.Inthisfantasyworld,wecancoexistpeacefullywithlargemammals.___42___,inreallife,youngpeoplearehavingfewerwildinteractionsthaneverbefore.Inpartthisisaresultof___43___screentimeanddecreasedaccesstowildspaces.Perhapsitdoesn’thelpthatmanycountriesdroveouttheirmostexciting___44___—bearsandwolves—centuriesago.Hadtheynot,morepeopleinthedevelopedworldmightnowbefacingsimilarproblemstothoseinNovayaZemlya.TheplaygroundsofthisremoteRussianarchipelago(俄羅斯半島)wererecently___45___byagroupofhungrypolarbears,drivenintohumansettlementsinsearchoffoodand___46___afterrisingtemperaturesdestroyedthelasthospitableslicesoftheArcticseaice.It’sthesamestoryweseeacrosstheworld:habitat___47___drivingelephantstoattackcrops,humansettlementsspreadingintotigerterritory,andpeoplelosingtheirlivestobigcats.TheIncidentofthePolarBearinthePlaygroundisnota/an___48___consequencestoTheHumansWhoMeltedtheIceCaps.WehaveknownforyearsthatArctictemperaturesarerisingat___49___rates.Itshouldcomeasnosurprisethatthepolarbearswehaveforcedtoleavetheirnaturalhomeshave____50____shoutingathumans’frontdoorsinsearchoftheirbasicrequirementsforsurvival.Unfortunately,theyaremore____51____tobemetwiththebusinessendofashotgunthanamarmaladesandwich.Andwhocancriticizethepeopleinthemainsettlement,BelushyaGuba,forwantingtoprotectthemselves?We’vehadyearsto____52____theseissues.Thisisnotanunusual____53____butthelatestinalist

ofincreasinglyfrequenthuman/polarbearincidents.Andit’spartofanevenlongerlistofrapidlygrowingareaswherethereishuman/wildlifeconflict.Wecan’t____54____thelocalresidentsofNovayaZemlyafortheirquiettownbecomingabearrefugeecamp.Theyarenottheonesburningfossilfuels,____55____farmingcowsandflyingacrosstheworldforbusinessmeetings.It’salmostalwaysthecasethatthosemakingthedecisionsthataremostseriousfortheenvironmentarethefurthestfromtheconsequences.41.A.dropsin B.makesup C.carrieson D.reachesout42.A.Therefore B.Meanwhile C.Otherwise D.Furthermore43.A.accumulated B.wasted C.increased D.fixed44.A.immigrants B.citizens C.locals D.inhabitants45.A.invaded B.searched C.deserted D.surrounded46.A.caves B.territory C.companions D.shelter47.A.range B.formation C.loss D.selection48.A.profound B.severe C.unexpected D.upset49.A.moderate B.horrifying C.similar D.varying50.A.stuckto B.goneon C.endedup D.protestedat51.A.reluctant B.likely C.desperate D.confident52.A.examine B.report C.identify D.address53.A.occurrence B.escape C.presence D.exploration54.A.admire B.reward C.respect D.blame55.A.intensively B.realistically C.specifically D.practically參考答案：41.A

42.B

43.C

44.D

45.A

46.D

47.C

48.C

49.B

50.C

51.B

52.D

53.A

54.D

55.A這是一篇說明文。我們想象著可以與大型哺乳動物和平共處，與此同時，在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中，年輕一代接觸野生動物比以往任何時候都少。人類不斷占據(jù)動物的生存空間，隨著人類對環(huán)境的破壞，同時也使動物本來就狹小的生存空間遭到了破壞。動物與人類和平共處的局面不斷被打破，動物不斷侵入人類的居住區(qū)域?qū)ふ沂澄锖捅幼o(hù)所，等待它們的是人類的獵槍。直接遭難的是當(dāng)?shù)氐膮^(qū)民，而那些做出破壞環(huán)境的決策者卻免受其難。人類應(yīng)該反思對環(huán)境的破壞。【41題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。A.dropsin順便拜訪；B.makesup組成；C.carrieson繼續(xù)；D.reachesout伸出。句意：從很小的時候，我們就知道如果老虎來吃茶點(diǎn)，我們期望它把我們所有的三明治都吃掉；如果秘魯?shù)男軄沓晕顼?，我們最好在櫥柜里放些橘子醬。由“atigercomesfortea”可知，come與dropin為同義詞。故A選項(xiàng)切題?！?2題詳解】考查副詞辨析。A.Therefore因此；B.Meanwhile與此同時；C.Otherwise否則；D.Furthermore此外。句意：與此同時，在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中，年輕一代接觸野生動物比以往任何時候都少。Meanwhile“與此同時”表示兩種情況同時在進(jìn)行。故B選項(xiàng)切題?！?3題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.accumulated積累；B.wasted浪費(fèi)；C.increased增加；D.fixed固定。句意：這在一定程度上是由于年輕一代花費(fèi)在電子產(chǎn)品屏幕前的時間在增加，減少了進(jìn)入野外的機(jī)會。由“inreallife,youngpeoplearehavingfewerwildinteractionsthaneverbefore.”可知，在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中，年輕一代接觸野生動物比以往任何時候都少是因?yàn)槟贻p一代花費(fèi)在電子產(chǎn)品屏幕前的時間在增加。故C選項(xiàng)切題?！?4題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.immigrants移民；B.citizens公民；C.locals當(dāng)?shù)厝耍籇.inhabitants(某地的)居民，棲息動物。句意：幾個世紀(jì)前，許多國家驅(qū)逐了令他們恐懼的常住居民——熊和狼，這也許于事無補(bǔ)。熊和狼本是常住居民，人類擴(kuò)張自己的生存空間，占領(lǐng)了動物的居住地，驅(qū)除了它們。故D選項(xiàng)切題?！?5題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.invaded侵略；B.searched搜查；C.deserted遺棄；D.surrounded包圍。句意：最近，這個偏遠(yuǎn)的俄羅斯半島旅游勝地被一群饑餓的北極熊入侵，氣溫升高摧毀了最后一片適宜生存的北極海冰后，它們被驅(qū)趕到人類居住區(qū)域?qū)ふ沂澄锖捅幼o(hù)所。由“hungry，destroy”可知，氣溫升高摧毀了最后一片適宜生存的北極海冰，它們失去了食物的來源，迫使他們進(jìn)入人們的居住地，對于人類來說，這些不速之客入侵了人類的居住地。故A選項(xiàng)切題?！?6題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.caves山洞；B.territory領(lǐng)地；C.companions同伴；D.shelter避難所。句意：最近，俄羅斯半島上偏遠(yuǎn)的旅游勝地被一群饑餓的北極熊入侵，氣溫升高摧毀了最后一片適宜生存的北極海冰后，它們被驅(qū)趕到人類居住區(qū)尋找食物和庇護(hù)所。氣溫升高摧毀了最后一片適宜生存的北極海冰，它們失去了食物的來源，失去了棲身之所，所以它們才被驅(qū)趕到人類居住區(qū)域?qū)ふ沂澄锖捅幼o(hù)所。故D選項(xiàng)切題?！?7題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.range山脈；B.formation形成；C.loss喪失；D.selection選擇。句意：我們在全世界都看到了同樣的情況：棲息地喪失導(dǎo)致大象破壞莊稼，人類聚居地?cái)U(kuò)展到老虎的領(lǐng)地，人們死于大型貓科動物之下。由“attackcrops,humansettlementsspreadingintotigerterritory,andpeoplelosingtheirlivestobigcats.可知，大象破壞莊稼，人類聚居地?cái)U(kuò)展到老虎的領(lǐng)地，人們死于大型貓科動物之下。這些都是由于環(huán)境遭到破壞，使得動物的棲息地喪失所導(dǎo)致的。故C選項(xiàng)切題。【48題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.profound深刻的；B.severe嚴(yán)厲的；C.unexpected沒有預(yù)料到的；D.upset焦慮的。句意：北極熊入侵事件對“融化冰蓋”的人類來說并不是意外的結(jié)果。由下文可知，我們一直都知道北極的氣溫正在以驚人的速度上升，北極熊的棲息地被破壞。北極熊入侵事件對“融化冰蓋”的人類來說并不是意外的結(jié)果，而是預(yù)料之中的結(jié)果。所以故C選項(xiàng)切題。【49題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.moderate溫和的；B.horrifying令人震驚的；C.similar相似的；D.varying不同的。句意：多年來，我們一直都知道北極的氣溫正在以驚人的速度上升。horrifying“令人震驚的”表示北極的氣溫上升速度很快，也說明了北極熊入侵人類居住地的原因，更反映出人類對環(huán)境破壞的程度之深，速度之快。故B選項(xiàng)切題?！?0題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。A.stuckto堅(jiān)持；B.goneon繼續(xù)；C.endedup結(jié)束；D.protestedat抗議。句意：毫不奇怪，我們迫使北極熊離開自己的家園，它們卻最終在人類的門前吼叫，尋找它們生存的基本要求。人類迫使北極熊離開自己的家園，現(xiàn)在又破壞了他們現(xiàn)在生存的家園，最終導(dǎo)致北極熊入侵人類的居住地。這體現(xiàn)了一種因果關(guān)系。故C選項(xiàng)切題?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞辨析。A.reluctant勉強(qiáng)的；B.likely可能的；C.desperate絕望的；D.confident自信的。句意：不幸的是，等待他們的更有可能是被獵槍打死而不是吃到美味的果醬三明治。由“fortunately”可知，等待他們的更有可能是被獵槍打死。它們更有可能被獵槍打死是人類對待動物的普遍做法。belikelytodo“可能做某事”。故B選項(xiàng)切題?！?2題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.examine檢查；B.report報(bào)告；C.identify識別；D.address處理。句意：我們已經(jīng)用了好幾年的時間來解決這些問題。根據(jù)常識可以判斷，對動物入侵人類的居住地，人類一定會采取措施來解決這個問題。但從取得的效果看來，不理想，這反映出人與動物之間的矛盾沒有得到解決。故D選項(xiàng)切題?！?3題詳解】考查名詞辨析。A.occurrence發(fā)生；B.escape逃跑；C.presence出現(xiàn)；D.exploration探索。句意：這不是一個不尋常的事件，而是一系列越來越頻繁的人類/北極熊事件中的最新一次。故A選項(xiàng)切題?！?4題詳解】考查動詞辨析。A.admire羨慕；B.reward回報(bào)；C.respect尊重；D.blame責(zé)備。句意：我們不能因?yàn)镹ovayaZemlya安靜的城鎮(zhèn)變成了熊的難民營就責(zé)備當(dāng)?shù)厝?。本句的言外之意是，我們不?yīng)該責(zé)備NovayaZemlya的居民，他們也是受害者，應(yīng)該被責(zé)備的那些破壞環(huán)境的決策者。故D選項(xiàng)切題?！?5題詳解】考查副詞辨析。A.intensively集約地；B.realistically現(xiàn)實(shí)地；C.specifically具體地；D.practically實(shí)際地。句意：他們畢竟不是那些燃燒化石燃料、密集飼養(yǎng)奶牛、飛遍世界參加商務(wù)會議的人。這里列舉了燃燒化石燃料和密集飼養(yǎng)奶牛，這都是破壞環(huán)境的例子。所以intensively“集約地”符合語境。故A選項(xiàng)切題。

三、閱讀理解18.ObamaStillSmokesinSecretUSPresidentBarackObamahasjustmadelifemoredifficultforcigarettemakers.Hehasjustsignedalawthatwillsettoughnewrulesforthetobaccoindustry.ThenewlawgivestheUSFoodandDrugAdministrationthepowertostrictlylimitthemakingandmarketingoftobaccoproducts.AtaWhiteHousesigningceremonyMonday,Obamasaidthathewasamongthenearly90%ofsmokerswhotookupthehabitbeforetheir18thbirthday.Obama,whohaspubliclystruggledtogiveupsmoking,saidhestillhadn’tcompletelykickedthehabit.Everynowandthenhestillsmokesinsecret.“AsaformersmokerIstrugglewithitallthetime.DoIstillsmokesometimes?Yes.AmIadailysmoker,aconstantsmoker?No.”O(jiān)bamasaidatanewsconference.“Idon'tdoitinfrontofmylads．Idon?tdoitinfrontofmyfamily．IwouldsaythatIam95%cured,buttherearetimeswhenImessup,"hesaid．"Onceyougodownthispath,it'ssomethingyoucontinuallystrugglewith,whichisexactlywhythelawissoimportant．Thenewlawisnotaboutme,it'saboutthenextgenerationofkidscomingup．Whatwedon'twantiskidsgoingdownthatpath,"hesaid．

Nearly20%ofAmericanssmokeandtobaccousekillsabout440,000peopleayearintheUnitedStatesduetocancer,heartdisease,andotherseriousdiseases．56．Thenewlawmakeslifedifficultfor

.

A．Obama

B．tobaccoindustry

C．WhiteHouse

D．USFoodandDrugAdministration57．WhatdoweknowaboutObama?

A．Henolongersmokes．

B．Hestillsmokesasusual．

C．Hebegantosmokeateighteen．

D．Heistryinghardtogiveupsmoking．58．Accordingtothepassage,Obamaismostconcernedabout

．

A．children

B．officials

C．hisfamily

D．businessmen參考答案：BDA略19.Imaginethisscene:it’sblowingoutside,andyousnuggle(蜷伏)uponthesofaunderawarmquilt,chattingandrecallingwithyourclosestfriends.Thatcontent,cosyfeelinghasanameinDanish—hygge.And,asDenmarkrecentlywonthetitleof“thehappiestcountryintheworld”,theconceptofhyggeisknowntomoreandmorepeopleinterestedinfindingwaystounderstandthisconcept.Hygge—originallyfromaNorwegianwordmeaningwell-being—doesn’thaveanexactequivalent(等同物)inEnglish.It’softentranslatedascoziness,orasbloggerAnnaWesttoldtheBBC,“cozinessofthesoul”.But,asprofessorMarenSparkexplains,“Hyggewasnevermeanttobetranslated.Itwasmeanttobefelt.”Basically,hyggeinvolvescreatingawarm,cosyatmosphereandenjoyingitwithyourlovedones.Danishwintersarelonganddarkandsoachievinghyggeisparticularlyrelevantduringthisseason.AtypicalHyggeactivityduringwintercouldbeenjoyingdelicioushomemadefoodandlight-heartedconversationwithfriends—preferablyinthewarmglowofcandlelight,ormaybesippingaglassofwineinthehottubafteradayspentskiing.However,hyggeisn’tonlylimitedtothecoldwintermonths—itcanalsodescribethatwarm,fuzzyfeelingyougetafterawalkthroughaforestwithfriendsonsummer’sdayorafamilybarb