高中英語名詞性從句詳細(xì)講解課件

名詞性從句

nounclause

主語從句subjectclause

賓語從句objectclause

表語從句predicativeclause

同位語從句appositiveclause1優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！請(qǐng)判斷出下列的句子屬于哪種從句WhatIwanttodoistakingabath.Thenewsthattheywonthegamespreadthewholeschool.Idon’tthinkheisanhonestboy.Thefactisthathestolethecar.Doyouknowthefactthathestolethecar?Doyouknowthemanwhoisstandingoverthere?Itissaidthattheywonthegame.(主從)(同位語從句)(賓從)(表從)(同位語從句)(定從)(主從)2優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞：that（無意義，不可省，不充當(dāng)任何成分）whether,if（均表示“是否”表明從句內(nèi)容的不確定性）asif,asthough（均表示“好像”，“似乎”）以上在從句中均不充當(dāng)任何成分

3優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！連接代詞：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom,whomever,whose,which,whichever連接副詞：when,where,how,why,whenever,wherever,however連接代詞和連接副詞在句中既保留自己的疑問含義、又起連接作用，在從句中充當(dāng)從句的成分

4優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！不可省略的連詞：1.介詞后的連詞2.引導(dǎo)主語從句和同位語從句的連詞不可省略。Thatshewaschosenmadeusveryhappy.Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.5優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！在復(fù)合句中作主語的從句.引導(dǎo)詞有連詞that，whether;代詞：who,what,which;副詞：when,where,how,why等.1.Thatheisafamoussingerisknowntous.(Itisknowntousthatheisafamoussinger.)2.WhenhewillgotoAmericaisnotyetfixed.(ItisnotyetfixedwhenhewillgotoAmerica.)主語從句6優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！1.It+be+形容詞＋that從句Itisnecessary/

important/obvious

that…2.It+be+-ed分詞＋that從句Itisbelievedthat…人們相信…Itisknowntousallthat….眾所周知…Ithasbeendecidedthat……已經(jīng)決定……3.It+be+名詞＋that從句Itiscommonknowledgethat……是常識(shí)Itisasurprisethat….令人驚奇的是…Itisafactthat……事實(shí)是……4.It+不及物動(dòng)詞＋that從句Itappearsthat…似乎…Ithappensthat….碰巧…Itoccurredtomethat……我突然想起……7優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！另注意在主語從句中用來表示驚奇、不相信、惋惜、理應(yīng)如此等語氣時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞要用虛擬語氣“(should)+do”，常用的句型有：Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that…Itissuggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)that…

8優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！

主語從句中的“主謂一致”：1.主語從句通常被看作一個(gè)整體,主句的謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式.Thattheywillcome_______certain.2.What引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí),主句謂語動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)由表語的單復(fù)數(shù)決定.Whathewants______thesebooks.Whathewants______somewater.注意isareis9優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！1_________

intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyoure-mailaccount..(2005上海)A.WhatisrequiredB.Whatrequires

CItisrequiredD.Itrequires2.TheForeignMinistersaid,“_______ourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”(2006北京)A.ThisB.ThereisC.ThatisD.Itis3.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,_______ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace.(2004上海)A.whereB.whatC.thatD.how

Exercises10優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！

賓語從句就是在復(fù)合句中作賓語的名詞性從句，通常放在主句謂語動(dòng)詞(及物動(dòng)詞)或介詞之后。1.Shedidnotknowwhathadhappened.

2.Oursuccessdependsuponhowwellwecancooperatewithoneanother.3.Iamafraid(that)I’vemadeamistake.賓語從句

(作動(dòng)詞的賓語)(作介詞的賓語)(作形容詞的賓語)11優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！1.由連接詞that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句由連接詞that引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)，that在句中不擔(dān)任任何成分，在口語或非正式的文體中常被省去，但如從句是并列句時(shí),第二個(gè)分句前的that不可省。例如：Wemustneverthink(that)wearegoodineverythingwhileothersaregoodinnothing.12優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！注意：在demand，order，suggest，decide，insist,desire,request,command,doubt等表示要求、命令、建議、決定等意義的動(dòng)詞后，賓語從句常用“（should）+動(dòng)詞原形”。Iinsistthatshe(should)doherworkalone.我堅(jiān)持要她自己工作。Thecommanderorderedthattroops(should)setoffatonce.司令員命令部隊(duì)馬上出發(fā)。13優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！2.用whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，其主語和謂語的順序也不能顛倒，仍保持陳述句語序。此外，whether與if在作“是否”的意思講時(shí)在下列情況下一般只能用whether，不用if：a.引導(dǎo)主語從句并在句首時(shí)；b.引導(dǎo)表語從句時(shí)；c.引導(dǎo)從句作介詞賓語時(shí)；d.從句后有“ornot”時(shí)；e.后接動(dòng)詞不定式時(shí)。

14優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！Whetherthereislifeonthemoonisaninterestingquestion.

Thequestioniswhethersheshouldhavealowopinionofthetest?

Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney.

Iwonderwhetherhewillcomeornot.Canyoutellmewhethertogoortostay?15優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！賓語從句中的“時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)”與“否定轉(zhuǎn)移”

若主句謂語動(dòng)詞為think,

consider,

suppose,

believe,

expect,

fancy,

guess,

imagine等，其后的賓語從句若含有否定意義，一般要把否定詞轉(zhuǎn)移到主句謂語上，從句謂語用肯定式。例如：

Hetoldmethathe____________hisjob.(已經(jīng)完成了工作)時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)否定轉(zhuǎn)移我認(rèn)為他不會(huì)來這里.Ithinkhewon’tcomehere.()Idon’tthinkhewillcomehere.()hadfinished注意16優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！4.注意賓語從句中的時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)，當(dāng)主句動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句根據(jù)自身的句子情況，而使用不同時(shí)態(tài)。例如：Iknow(that)hestudiesEnglisheveryday.Iknow(that)hestudiedEnglishlastterm.Iknow(that)hewillstudyEnglishnextyear.

Iknow(that)hehasstudiedEnglishsince1998.

17優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！當(dāng)主句動(dòng)詞是過去時(shí)態(tài)（could,would除外），從句則要用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)，如一般過去時(shí)，過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，過去將來時(shí)等；當(dāng)從句表示的是客觀真理，科學(xué)原理，自然現(xiàn)象，則從句仍用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。例如：TheteachertoldusthatTomhadleftusforAmerica．18優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！賓語從句中用it作形式賓語Wethinkitourdutythatweshouldhelpothers.注意：如果主句中有形容詞或名詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，一般用it來作形式賓語，把從句放在賓補(bǔ)后面。我發(fā)現(xiàn)他兩天之內(nèi)完成工作是不可能的.Ifinditimpossiblethathecanfinishtheworkintwodays.19優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！Exercises:“it”作形式主語或形式賓語：

1.Ihate____

whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull．

A.it

B.thatC.theseD.them2.Ifeel____strangethatheshouldbesocareless.A./B.itC.thatD.how3.Itworriedherabit

____herhairwasturninggrey.A．whileB.thatC．if

D．for4Willyouseeto____thattheluggageisbroughtback?A.we B.yourself C.it D.them

ABBC20優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！在復(fù)合句中作主句的表語.引導(dǎo)表語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞與引導(dǎo)主語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞大致一樣表語從句1.問題是我們和他已失去聯(lián)系.2.這就是亨利怎么解決這個(gè)問題的.3.天看起來要下雨了.Theproblemis_________________________________Thisis____________________________.Itlooks____________________________.thatwehavelosttouchwithhim.howHenrysolvedtheproblem.asifitisgoingtorain.21優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！需要注意的，當(dāng)主語是reason時(shí)，表語從句要用that引導(dǎo)而不是because。Thereasonwhyhewaslatewasthathemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning.【注意】whether可引導(dǎo)表語從句，但與之同義的if卻通常不用于引導(dǎo)表語從句。22優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！在句中起同位語的作用.一般放在名詞fact,news,

idea,promise,thought,suggestion,belief,truth

等之后,用以說明或解釋前面的名詞.引導(dǎo)詞有連詞

that(不能省)；少數(shù)情況下也可用連接副詞等.1.Thethoughtthatwemightsucceedexcitedus.2.Theideathattheyshouldtryasecondtimeisworthconsidering.3.Thesuggestionthattheplan(should)bedelayedwillbediscussedtomorrow.同位語從句23優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！同位語從句和定語從句的區(qū)別：that作為關(guān)系代詞，可以引導(dǎo)定語從句，充當(dāng)句子成分，在從句中作賓語時(shí)可以省略；that引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)，起連詞的作用，沒有實(shí)際意義，不充當(dāng)句子成分，一般不能省略。Ihadnoideathatyouwerehere．（that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，不能省略）Haveyougottheidea（that）thisbookgivesyouoflifeinancientGreece？（that引導(dǎo)定語從句，作賓語，可以省略）

24優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！Exercises1.Doris’successliesinthefact________sheisco-operativeandeagertolearnfromothers.(2006上海春季)A.whichB.thatC.whenD.why2.Doyouhaveanyidea_______isactuallygoingonintheclassroom?(2005遼寧)A.thatB.whatc.asD.which3.Thereisafeelinginme______we’llneverknowwhataUFOis–notever.(2002上海)A.thatB.whichc.ofwhichD.what4.Informationhasbeenputforward_______moremiddleschoolgraduateswillbeadmittedintouniversities.A.whileB.thatC.whenD.as25優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！(1)Theywanttoknow_____dotohelpus.A.whatcanthey B.whattheycan C.howtheycan D.howcanthey(2)Canyoumakesure_____thegoldring?A.whereAlicehadputB.wherehadAliceputC.whereAlicehasputD.wherehasAliceput(3)SomeoneisringingMary.Goandsee_____.A.whoishe B.whoheis C.whoisit D.whoitisBCI.語序問題考點(diǎn)歸納D歸納

在名詞性從句中，除了關(guān)聯(lián)詞在從句之首外，其它部分應(yīng)用________的語序。陳述26優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！II.用if或whether填空1.Idon’tknow_______I’llbefreetomorrow.2.Idon’tknow_______ornotI’llbefreetomorrow.3.Thequestionis______thisbookisworthwriting.4.Itdependson______wewillhaveenoughmoney.5.______theycandoitmatterslittletous.6._______youarenotfreetomorrow,I’llgowithoutyouwhether/ifwhetherwhetherwhetherWhetherIfa.主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句、介詞后面的賓語從句只能用________，不能用if；b.后面緊跟ornot時(shí),用___________.歸納whetherwhether27優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！III.that

與whether/if的選擇：

(1)_____knowledgecomesfrompracticeisknowntoall.What B.Where C.If D.That(2)Itmakesnodifference_____oursportsmeetwillbeheldthisweekornextweek.A.that B.either C.whether D.when(3)Idoubt_____________hewillcomesoon.(4)Idonotdoubt_____________hewillcomesoon.(5)Doyoudoubt____________hewillcomesoon?DCwhether/ifthatthat

表示是否時(shí)用__________,表示肯定時(shí)用_______歸納whether/ifthat28優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！1._________Ican’tunderstandiswhyhehaschangedhismind.2.___________theearthisroundisknowntousall.3.______hewontheracewas______weexpected.that:what:

_______只起連接作用，在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，沒有詞義_______起連接作用，且在從句中充當(dāng)主語，賓語或表語，表示“所……的”。ThatWhatThatwhat歸納Ⅳ.that，what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的區(qū)別29優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限?、?what&whateverwho&whoeverwhich&whichever引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的區(qū)別1.___________isworthdoingisworthdoingwell.2.__________weneedismoretime.3.___________madethelongdistancecalltohimisnotimportant.4.___________breaksthelawwillbepunished.WhateverWhatWhoWhoever

___________________等引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句不含有疑問意義，相當(dāng)于名詞后加一個(gè)定語從句，而____________________等引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句都含有疑問意義。Whoever,whateverWho,what30優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！1.It'sgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachild_______heorshewants.which B.that C.whatever D.allwhat2.ThesewildflowersaresospecialthatIwoulddo_______Icantosavethem.which B.that C.whateverD.allwhat3._____kills,sellsoreatswildanimalsorbirds,istoblame.Anyone B.Anyonewho C.Thosewho D.ThoseBCCExercises31優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限?、?名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣：Hesuggestedthatameeting(should)beheldimmediately.

Itwassuggestedthatameeting(should)beheldimmediately.

Hissuggestionwasthatameeting(should)beheldimmediately.Hemadeasuggestionthatameeting(should)beheldimmediately.

表示建議,請(qǐng)求,命令,要求,堅(jiān)持等的名詞性從句中謂語動(dòng)詞用虛擬語氣.歸納32優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！2.在主語從句中用來表示驚奇,不相信,惋惜,理應(yīng)如此等,謂語動(dòng)詞用虛擬語氣(should)+do,常用句型有

1)Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc)……that……2)Itisapity(ashame,nowonderetc,)……that……e.g.Itisstrangethatshe(should)thinkso.33優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！試區(qū)分以下句子Doyouknowthefactthathestolethecar?Doyouknowthefactthattheyweretalkingabout?注意：1.如果是定語從句，它的從句肯定是不完整的，關(guān)系詞肯定在句中充當(dāng)成分的；而同位語從句中的that只起連接作用。

2.定語從句是對(duì)先行詞起修飾作用，而同位語從句則解釋說明前面名詞的具體內(nèi)容。(同從)(定從)拓展34優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！1.Thequestionis____thefilmisworthseeing.A.ifB.whatC.whetherD.how2.Theyreceivedorders_____theworkbedoneatonce.A.whichB.whenC./D.that3.Thereason____Ihavetogois____mymotherisillinbed.A.why;whyB.why;becauseC.why;thatD.that;becauseCCDConsolidation:35優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！4.___Ican’tunderstandis___shewantstochangehermind.A.What;whyB.Which;howC.That;whyD.What;because5.____hisdreamofgoingtocollegewillcometrueisuncertain.A.ThatB.WhetherC.IfD.Evenif6.Itisknowntous___wherethereispollution,thereisharm.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.thatDAB36優(yōu)秀課件，精彩無限！7.Ihavetheinformation____.A.