虛擬語氣知識點(diǎn)講解和寫作運(yùn)用講義-2023屆高三英語寫作專項

虛擬語氣知識點(diǎn)講解和寫作運(yùn)用01個人意愿.在常見動詞:一個堅持，兩個命令，三個建議，四個要求。insist2.order,command3.advise,suggest,recommend4.demand,require,request,desire這些動詞后面的賓語從句要使用虛擬語氣。即從句中的動詞使用should+動詞原形，或者將should省略。a.Idemandedthathebehereassoonaspossible.b.Itisrequiredthatmiddleschoolstudents(should)takeonehourexerciseeveryday.c.Hissuggestionisthatwepersuadehertostayherefirst.注意:insist表示“堅持認(rèn)為"講時不用虛擬語氣；Heinsistedthathewasinnocent.suggest做“表明暗示"時不用虛擬語氣；Whathesaidsuggestedthathewasafraud.2.Ifs(about/high)time+that該是做某事的時候到了從句謂語:過去時/should+v.(should不能省略)Itisabouttimethatwewereoff.我們該離開了。02非真實假設(shè)01asif/though（好像）+ifonly（要是…該多好）+wish從句的謂語分三種情況討論：（1）表示對現(xiàn)在情況的虛擬，從句動詞用過去式（be動詞一般用were）（2）表示對過去情況的虛擬,從句動詞常用“had+過去分詞”。（過去完成時）（3）表示對將來的主觀愿望,從句動詞形式為"would+動詞原形”。（過去將來時）a.Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherownson.b.Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice!c.IwishIknewtheanswertothequestion.02wouldrather（寧愿）虛擬現(xiàn)在或者將來：did（be用were）虛擬過去：haddonetz.Iwouldratheryoucametoseemetomorrow.b.Iwouldratheryouhadn7toldmethefact.03if的虛擬(虛擬里面最復(fù)雜的一種情況，因為主句和從句的謂語時態(tài)都需要變化)條件從句從句的謂語形式主句的謂語形式現(xiàn)在過去時(were)would/could/should/might+V.（原）過去過去完成時haddonewould/could/should/might+have+p.p.未來1.過去時2.shouldwould/could/should/might+V.（原）+v.3.weretodoa.IfIwereastudent,Iwouldmakegooduseofthetime.b.IfIhadlistenedtotheteachercarefully,Iwouldhavepassedtheexam.c.Ifwehadanother7-dayholiday,allofuswouldbemuchhappier.2）混合條件句主句與從句的動作發(fā)生在不同的時間，這時主、從句謂語動詞的虛擬語氣形式因時間不同而不同，這叫做混合條件句。a.Ifyouhadaskedhimyesterday,youwouldknowwhattodo.（從句與過去事實相反，主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反。）b.Ifithadrainedlastnight（過去）,itwouldbeverycoldtoday（現(xiàn)在）.3）虛擬條件句的倒裝虛擬條件句的從句部分如果含有were,should,或had,可將if省略，再把were,should或had移到從句句首，實行倒裝。Weretheyherenow,theycouldhelpus.=Iftheywereherenow,theycouldhelpus.b.Hadyoucomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.-Ifyouhadcomeearlier,youwouldhavemethim.c.Shoulditrain,thecropswouldbesaved.=Wereittorain,thecropswouldbesaved.注意:在虛擬語氣的從句中，動詞'be，的過去時態(tài)一律用"were",不用was,即在從句中be用were代替。a.Iflwereyou,Iwouldgotolookforhim.如果我是你,就會去找他。b.Ifhewerehere,everythingwouldbeallright.注意:if的從句直接可以簡化成Mthout/butfor+名詞(短語)aWithoutsunlight,peoplefslifewouldbedifferentfromtoday.b.Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn7havefinishedthework.虛擬語氣在寫作中的運(yùn)用作文類型虛擬類型例句應(yīng)用文——建議信個人意愿第一條It'shighlyrecommendedthat...非真實假設(shè)第三條IfIwereyou,Iwoul???應(yīng)用文——感謝信非真實假設(shè)第三條Ifithadn7beenforyourgeneroushelp(Haditnotbeen...),Iwould/wouldnfthavedone...或者Without/Butforyourgeneroushelp,Iwould/wouldn7havedone...應(yīng)用文——倡議書個人意愿第二條Itishigh/abouttimeth讀后續(xù)寫非