2021年12月英語四級真題及答案第三套

2021年12月英語四級真題及答案第三套PartIWriting(30minutes.)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayaboutaclassmateofyourswhohasinfluencedyoumostincollege.Youshouldstatethereasonsandwriteatleast120wordsbutnomore.than180words.注意：此局部試題請在答題卡1上作答。PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA.,B.,C.andD.,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此局部試題請在答題卡1上作答。A.Givehisankleagoodrest.Treathisinjuryimmediately.Continuehisregularactivities.Becarefulwhenclimbingsteps.A.Onatrain.Onaplane.Inatheater.Inarestaurant.A.Atragicaccident.Asadoccasion.Smith'sunusuallifestory.Smith'ssleepingproblem.A.Reviewthedetailsofallherlessons.、Comparenoteswithhisclassmates.Talkwithherabouthislearningproblems,Focusonthemainpointsofherlectures.A.Themanblamedthewomanforbeingcareless.Themanmisunderstoodthewoman'sapology.Thewomanofferedtopayfortheman'scoffee.Thewomanspiltcoffeeontheman'sjacket.A.Extremelytedious.Hardtounderstand.Lackingagoodplot.Notworthseeingtwice.A.Attendingeverylecture.Doinglotsofhomework.Readingveryexteusively.Usingtest-takingstrategies.A.ThedigitalTVsystemwillofferdifferentprograms.Heiseagertoseewhatthenewsystemislike.Hethinksitunrealistictohave500channels.ThenewTVsystemmaynotprovideanythingbetter.Questions9to12arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A.Anoticebytheelectricityboard.Adspromotingelectricappliances.Thedescriptionofathiefindisguise.Anewpolicyonpensioners'welfare.A.Speakingwithaproperaccent.Wearinganofficialuniform.Makingfriendswiththem.ShowingthemhisID.A.Tobeonthealertwhenbeingfollowed.Nottoleaveseniorcitizensaloneathome.Nottoletanyoneinwithoutanappointment.Towatchoutforthosefromtheelectricityboard.A.Shewasrobbedneartheparkinglot.Allhermoneyinthebankdisappeared.Thepensionshehadjustdrawnwasstolen.Shewasknockeddowninthepostoffice.Questions13to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.A.Marketingconsultancy.Professionalaccountancy.Luxuryhotelmanagement.Businessconferenceorganization.A.Havingagoodknowledgeofitscustoms.Knowingsomekeypeopleintourism.Havingbeentothecountrybefore.BeingabletospeakJapanese.A.Itwillbringherpotentialintofullplay.Itwillinvolvelotsoftraintravel.ItwillenablehertoimproveherChinese.ItwillgivehermorechancestovisitJapan.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA.,B.,C.andD.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.注意：此局部試題請在答題卡1上作答。PassageOneQuestionsl6t018arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard．16．A.Thelackoftime．Thequalityoflife．Thefrustrationsatwork．Thepressureonworldngfamilies．17．A.Theywerejustasbusyaspeopleoftoday．Theysawtheimportanceofconecfiveefforts．Theydidn'tcomplainasmuchasmodemmail．Theylivedahardlifebyhuntingandgatherin9．18．A.Tolookforcreativeideasofawardingemployees．Toexplorestrategiesforloweringproductioncosts．Toseeknewapproachestodealingwithcomplaints．Tofmdeffectivewaystogiveemployeesflexibility．PassageTwoQuestionsl9t021arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard．19．A.Familyviolence．TheGreatDepression．Herfathersdisloyalty．Hermother'Sbadtemper．20．A.Hisadvancedage．C.Hisimprovedfinancialcondition．Hischildren'Sefforts．D.Hissecondwife'spositiveinfluence．21．ALoveisblind．B.Lovebreedslove．Divorceoftenhasdisastrousconsequences．Happinessishardtofmdinblendedfamilies．PassageThreeQuestions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.A.Itwaslocatedinapark.Itsownerdiedofaheartattack.Itwentbankruptallofasudden.Itspottedplantswereforleaseonly.A.Plantingsometreesinthegreenhouse.Writingawantadtoalocalnewspaper.PuttingupaGoingOutofBusinesssign.Helpingacustomerselectsomepurchases.A.Openinganofficeinthenewofficepark.Keepingbetterrelationswithhercompany.Developingfreshbusinessopportunities.Buildingabiggreenhouseofhisown.A.Owningthegreenhouseoneday.Securingajobattheofficepark.Cultivatingmorepottedplants.Findingcustomersoutoftown.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.V/henthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.注意：此局部試題請在答題卡1上作答。We'renowwitnessingtheemergenceofanadvancedeconomybasedoninformationandknowledge.Physicallabor,rawmaterials,andcapitalarenolongerthekey(26.inthecreationofwealth.Now,the(27.rawmaterialinoureconomyisknowledge.Tomorrow'swealthdependsonthedevelopmentandexchangeofknowledge.And(28.enteringtheworkforceoffertheirknowledge,nottheirmuscles.Knowledgeworkersgetpaidfortheireducationandtheirabilitytolearn.Knowledgeworkers(29.mindwork.Theydealwithsymbols:words,figures,anddata.Whatdoesallthismeanforyou?Asafutureknowledgeworker,youcanexpecttobe(30.,processing,aswellasexchanginginformation.(31.threeoutoffourjobsinvolvesomeformofmindwork,andthatnumberwillincreasesharplyinthefuture.Managementandemployeesalikewillbemaltingdecisionsinsuchareasas(32.development,qualitycontrol,andcustomersatisfaction.Inthenewworldofwork,youcanlookforwardtobeinginconstanttrainingtoacquirenewskillsthatwillhelpyou(33.improvedtechnologiesandprocedures.YoucanalsoexpecttobetakinggreatercontrolOfyourcareer.Gonearethenine-to-fivejobs,lifetimesecurity,predictablepromotions,andeventhe(34.workplace,asyouarefamiliarwith.Don'texpectthecompanieswill(35.aclearly-definedcareerpath.Anddon'twaitfor,someoneto"empower"you.Youhavetoempoweryourseff.PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes.)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Questions36to45arebaseodnthefollowingpassage.Oneprincipleoftaxation,calledthebenefitsprinciple,statesthatpeopleshouldpaytaxesbasedonthebenefitstheyreceivefromgovernmentservices.Thisprincipletriestomakepublicgoodssimilarto36goods.Itseemsreasonablethatapersonwhooftengoestothemoviespaysmorein37formovieticketsthanapersonwhorarelygoes.And38,apersonwhogetsgreatbenefitfromapublicgoodshouldpaymoreforitthanapersonwhogetslittlebenefit.Thegasolinetax,forinstance,issometimes39usingthebenefitsprinciple.Insomestates,40fromthegasolinetaxareusedtobuildandmaintainroads.Becausethosewhobuygasolinearethesamepeoplewhousetheroads,thegasolinetaxmightbeviewedasa41waytopayforthisgovernmentservice.Thebenefitsprinciplecanalsobeusedtoarguethatwealthycitizensshouldpayhighertaxesthanpoorerones,42becausethewealthybenefitmorefrompublicservices.Consider,forexample,thebenefitsofpoliceprotectionfrom43.Citizenswithmuchtoprotectgetgreaterbenefitfrompolicethanthosewithlesstoprotect.Therefore,accordingtothebenefitsprinciple,thewealthyshould44morethanthepoortothecostof45thepoliceforce.Thesameargumentcanbeusedformanyotherpublicservices,suchasfireprotection,nationaldefense,andthecourtsystem.注意：此局部試題請在答題卡2上作答。adaptcontributeexertingexpensesfairjustifiedmaintainingprivateprovidedrevenuessimilarlysimplythefttotalwealthSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.GrowupColoredYouwouldn'tknowPiedmontanymore-myPiedmont,Imean—thetowninWestVirginiawhereIlearnedtobeacoloredboy.The1950sinPiedmontwasatimetoremember,oratleasttome.PeoplewerealwaysproudtobefromPiedmon—tlyingatthefootofamountain,onthebanksofthemightyPotomac.WeknewGodgaveAmericanomorebeautifullocation.Ineverknewcoloredpeopleanywherewhowerecrazieraboutmountainsandwater,flowersandtrees,fishingandhunting.Foraslongasanyonecouldremember,wecouldouthunt,outshoot,andoutswimthewhiteboysinthevalley.ThesocialstructureofPiedmontwassomethingweknewlikethebackofourhands.Itwasanimmigranttown;whitePiedmontwasItalianandIrish,withahandfulofwealthyWASPs.onEastHampshireStreet,and"ethnic"neighborhoodsofworking-classpeopleeverywhereelse,coloredandwhite.Foraslongasanyonecanremember,Piedmont'scharacterhasbeencompletelyboundupwiththeWestvacopapermill:itsprosperouspastanddoubtfufluture.Atfirstglance,thetownisatypicaldyingmillcenter.Manyoncebeautifulbuildingsstandempty,evidencingabygonetimeofspiritandpride.ThebighousesonEastHampshireStreetarenolongerproud,astheywerewhenIwasakid.LiketheItaliansandtheIrish,mostofthecoloredpeoplemigratedtoPiedmontattheturnofthe20thcenturytoworkatthepapermill,whichopenedin1888.Allthecoloredmenatthepapermillworkedon"theplatform"—loadingpaperintotrucksuntilthecraftunionswerefinallyintegratedin1968.LoadingiswhatDaddydideveryworkingdayofhislife.That'swhatalmosteverycoloredgrown-upIknewdid.Coloredpeoplelivedinthreeneighborhoodsthatwereclearlyseparated.WelcometotheColoredZone,alargestretchedbannercouldhavesaid.Anditfeltgoodinthere,likewalkingaroundyourhouseinbarefeetandunderwear,orsnoring打（鼾.rightoutloudonthecouchinfrontoftheTV—envelopedbythecomfortsofhome,thewarmthofthoseyoulove.Ofcourse,thecoloredworldwasnotsomuchaneighborhoodasaconditionofexistence.Andthoughourownworldwasseeminglyself-contained,itimpactedonthewhiteworldofPiedmontinalmosteverydirection.Certainly,thebordersofourworldseemedtobeimpactedonwhensomewhitemanorwomanshowedupwhereheorshedidnotbelong,suchasattheblackLegionHail.Ourspacewasviolatedwhenoneofthemshowedupatadanceoraparty.Therhythmswouldbeoff.Themusicwouldsoundnotquiteright.Everybodywouldleaveearly.[HIBefore1955,mostwhitepeoplewerejustshadowypresencesinouwrorld,vaguefiguresofpowerlikeremotebossesatthemillorclerksatthebank.Therewereexceptions,ofcourse,thewhitepeoplewhowouldcomeintoourworldinroutine,everydaywaysweallunderstood.Mr.MailMan,Mr.InsuranceMan,Mr.White-and-ChocolateMilkMan,Mr.LandlordMan,Mr.PoliceMan:wecalledwhitepeoplebytheirtrade,likecharactersinamysteryplay.Mr.InsuranceManwouldcomebyeveryotherweektocollectpaymentsoncollegeordeathpolicies,sometimes50centsorless."It'snodisgracetobecolored,"theblackentertainerBertWilliamsfamouslyobservedearlyinthecentury,"butitisawfullyinconvenient."Formostofmychildhood,wecouldn'teatinrestaurantsorsleepinhotels,wecouldn'tusecertainbathroomsortryonclothesinstores.Mamainsistedthatwedressupwhenwewenttoshop.Shewascarefullydressedwhenshewenttoclothingstores,andworewhitepadscalledshieldsunderherarmssoherdressorblousewouldshownosweat."We'dliketotrythison,"she'dsaycarefully,utteringherwordspreciselyandproperly."Wedon'tbuyclotheswecan'ttryon,"she'dsaywhentheydeclined,andwe'dwalkoutinMama'sdignified（有尊嚴的）manner.Shepreferredtoshopwherewehadanaccountandwhereeveryoneknewwhoshewas.[J]AttheCut-RateDrugStore,noonecoloredwasallowedtositdownatthecounterortables,withoneexception:myfather.Idon'tknowforcertainwhyCarlDadisman,theowner,wouldn'tstopDaddyfromsittingdown.ButIbelieveitwasinpartbecauseDaddywassolight-colored,andinpartbecause,duringhisshiftatthephonecompany,hepickedupordersforfoodandcoffeefortheoperators.Coloredpeopleweresupposedtostandatthecounter,gettheirfoodtogo,andleave.EvenwhenYoungDocBesswouldsetupthebasketballteamwithfreeCokesafteroneofmanyvictories,thecoloredplayershadtostandaroundanddrinkoutofpapercupswhilethewhiteplayersandcheerleaderssatdownincomfortablechairsanddrankoutofglasses.[K]Icouldn'thavebeenmucholderthanfiveorsixasIsatwithmyfatherattheCut-Rateoneafternoon,enjoyingicecream.Mr.Wilson,astony-facedIrishman,walkedby."Hello,Mr.Wilson,"myfathersaid."Hello,George."Iwasgenuinelypuzzled.Mr.Wilsonmusthaveconfusedmyfatherwithsomebodyelse,butwho?Thereweren'tanyGeorgesamongthecoloredpeopleinPiedmont."Whydon'tyoutellhimyourname,Daddy?"Iaskedloudly."Yournameisn'tGeorge.""Heknowsmyname,boy,"myfathersaidafteralongpause."HecallsallcoloredpeopleGeorge."[M]Iknewwewouldn'ttalkaboutitagain;evenatthatage,Iwasgiventounderstandthatthereweresomesubjectsitdidn'tdotoworrytodeathabout.NowthatIhavechildren,Irealizethatwhatdistressedmyfatherwasn'tsomuchtheMr.Wilsonsoftheworldasthepainfulobligationtoexplaintheracialfactsoflifetosomeonewhohadn'tquitelearnedthemyet.MaybeMr.Wilsoncouldn'thurtmyfatherbycallinghimGeorge;butIhurthimbyaskingtoknowwhy.注意：此局部試題請在答題卡2上作答。Theauthorfeltasaboythathislifeinaseparatedneighborhoodwascasualandcozy.Thereiseverysignofdeclineatthepapermillnow.Onereasontheauthor'sfathercouldsitandeatatthedrugstorewasthathedidn'tlookthatdark.Piedmontwasatownofimmigrantsfromdifferentpartsoftheworld.Inspiteoftheawfulinconveniencescausedbyracialprejudice,theauthor'sfamilymanagedtolivealifeofdignity.Theauthorlaterrealizedhehadcausedgreatdistresstohisfatherbyaskingwhyhewaswronglyaddressed.TheauthortookprideinbeingfromPiedmontbecauseofitsnaturalbeauty.Coloredpeoplecalledwhitepeoplebythebusinesstheydid.ColoredpeoplewholivedinPiedmontdidheavymanualjobsatthepapermill.Thecoloredpeoplefeltuneasyatthepresenceofthewhitesintheirneighborhoods.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA〕,B〕,C〕andD〕.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions56to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Childrenareadelight.Theyareourfuture.Butsadly,hiringsomeonetotakecareofthemwhileyougotoworkisgettingmoreexpensivebytheyear.Earlierthismonth,itwasreportedthatthecostofenrollinganinfantorsmallkidatachildcarecenterrose3%in2021,fasterthantheoverallcostofliving.Therearenowlargestripsofthecountrywheredaycareforaninfantcostsmorethanatenthoftheaveragemarriedcouple'sincome.Thisisnotnecessarilyanewtrend,butitisasomewhatpuzzlingone.Thepriceofprofessionalchildcarehasbeenrisingsincethe1980s.Yetduringthattime,payforprofessionalchildcareworkershasstoodstill.Actuallycaregiversmakelesstoday,inrealterms,thantheydidin1990.Consideringthatlaborcostsareresponsibleforupto80%ofadaycarecenter'sexpenses,onewouldexpectflatwagestohavemeantflatprices.Sowho'stoblameforhigherchildcarecosts?Childcareisacarefullyregulatedindustry.Stateslaydownrulesabouthowmanychildreneachemployeeisallowedtowatchover,thespacecarecentersneedperchild,andotherminutedetails.Andthestrictertheregulations,thehigherthecosts.Ifithastohireacaregiverforeverytwochildren,itcan'treallyachieveanyeconomiesofscaleonlabortosavemoneywhenotherexpensesgoup.InMassachusetts,wherechildcarecentersmusthireoneteacherforeverythreeinfants,thepriceofcareaveragedmorethan$16,000peryear.InMississippi,wherecentersmusthireoneteacherforeveryfiveinfants,thepriceofcareaveragedlessthan$5,000.Unfortunately,Idon'thaveallthedaycare-centerregulationshandy.ButIwouldn'tbesurprisedifastheruleshavebecomemoreelaborate,priceshaverisen.Thetradeoff（交換）mightbeworthitinsomecases;afterall,thehealthandsafetyofchildrenshouldprobablycomebeforecheapservice.Butcertainly,itdoesn'tseemtobeanaccidentthatsomeofthecheapestdaycareavailableisintheleastregulatedSouth.注意：此局部試題請在答題卡2上作答。Whatproblemdoparentsofsmallkidshavetoface?Theever-risingchildcareprices.Thebudgetingoffamilyexpenses.Thebalancebetweenworkandfamily.Theselectionofagooddaycarecenter.Whatdoestheauthorfeelpuzzledabout?Whythepricesofchildcarevarygreatlyfromstatetostate.Whyincreasedchildcarepriceshavenotledtobetterservice.Whychildcareworkers'payhasnotincreasedwiththerisingchildcarecosts.Whythereisasevereshortageofchildcareprofessionalsinanumberofstates.Whatpreventschildcarecentersfromsavingmoney?Steadyincreaseinlaborcosts.Strictgovernmentregulations.Lackofsupportfromthestate.Highadministrativeexpenses.WhyistheaveragecostofchildcareinMississippimuchlowerthaninMassachusetts?Theoverallqualityofserviceisnotasgood.Paymentsforcaregiverstherearenotashigh.Livingexpensestherearecomparativelylow.Eachteacherisallowedtocareformorekids.Whatistheauthor'sviewondaycareservice?Caregiversshouldreceiveregularprofessionaltraining.Lesselaboraterulesaboutchildcaremightlowercosts.Itiscrucialtostrikeabalancebetweenqualityandcosts.Itisbetterfordifferentstatestolearnfromeachother.PassageTwoQuestions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.AlexPang'samusingnewbookTheDistractionAddictionaddressesthoseofuswhofeelpanicwithoutacellphoneorcomputer.Andthat,heclaims,isprettymuchallofus.Whenwe'renotonline,wherewespendfourmonthsannually,we'reengagedinthestressfulworkoftryingtogetonline.TheDistractionAddictionisnotframedasaself-helpbook.It'sathoughtfulexaminationofthedangersofourcomputingoverdoseandahistoricaloverviewofhowtechnologicaladvanceschangeconsciousness.A"professionalfuturist",Pangurgesanapproachwhichhecalls"contemplative沉（思的）computing."Heasksthatyoupayfullattentionto"howyourmindandbodyinteractwithcomputersandhowyourattentionandcreativityareinfluencedbytechnology."Pang'sfirstjobistofreeyoufromthecommonmisconceptionthatdoingtwothingsatonceallowsyoutogetmoredone.Whatiscommonlycalledmultitaskingis,infact,switch-tasking,anditsharmfuleffectsonproductivityarewelldocumented.Pangdoesn'tadvocatereturningtoapre-Internetworld.Instead,heasksyouto"takeamoreecological（生態(tài)的）viewofyourrelationshipswithtechnologiesandlookforwaysdevicesormediamaybemakingspecifictaskseasierorfasterbutatthesametimemakingyourworkandlifeharder."TheDistractionAddictionisparticularlyfascinatingonhowtechnologieshavechangedcertainfieldsoflabor-oftenfortheworse.Forarchitects,computer-aideddesignhasbecomeessentialbutinsomewayshascheapenedthedesignprocess.Asonearchitectputsit,"Architectureisfirstandforemostaboutthinking..,anddrawingisamoreproductivewayofthinking"thancomputer-aideddesign.SomewhatlessamusingarePang'ssolutionsforkickingtheInternethabit.Herecommendstheusualbehavior-modificationapproaches,familiartoanyonewhohascompletedanotsmokingprogram.Keeplogstostudyyouronlineprofileanddecidewhatyoucanknockout,downloadaprogramlikeFreedomthatlocksyououtofyourbrowser,ortakea"digitalSabbath(安息日)":"Unlessyou'reareporteroremergency-departmentdoctor,you'lldiscoverthatyourworlddoesn'tfallapartwhenyougooffline."注意：此局部試題請在答題卡2上作答.AlexPang'snewbookisaimedforreaderswhofindtheirworkonlinetoostressfulgoonlinemainlyforentertainmentarefearfulaboutusingthecellphoneorcomputercanhardlytearthemselvesawayfromtheInternetWhatdoesAlexPangtrytodoinhisnewbook?OfferadviceonhowtousetheInterueteffectively.WarnpeopleofthepossibledangersofInternetuse.Predictthetrendoffuturetechnologicaldevelopment.Examinetheinfluenceoftechnologyonthehumanmind.Whatisthecommonviewonmultitasking?Itenablespeopletoworkmoreeffectively.Itisinawayquitesimilartoswitch-tasking.Itmakespeople'sworkandlifeevenharder.Itdistractspeople'sattentionfromusefulwork.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofcomputer-aideddesign?Itconsiderablycutsdownthecostofbuildingdesign.Itsomewhatrestrainsarchitects'productivethinking.Itisindispensableinarchitects'workprocess.Itcanfreearchitectsfromlaboriousdrawing.WhatisAlexPang'srecommendationforInternetusers?TheyusetheInternetaslittleaspossible.Theykeeparecordoftheircomputerusetime.Theyexerciseself-controlovertheirtimeonline.Theyentertainthemselvesonlineonoff-daysonly.(30minutes)(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish.You-shouldwriteyouransweronAnswerSheet2.越來越多的中國年輕人正對旅游產(chǎn)生興趣，這是近年來的新趨勢。年輕游客數(shù)量的不斷增加，可以歸因于他們迅速進步的收入和探究外部世界的好奇心。隨著旅行多了，年輕人在大城市和著名景點花的時間少了，他們反而更為偏遠的地方所吸引。有些人甚至選擇長途背包旅行。最近調(diào)查顯示，很多年輕人想要通過旅行體驗不同的文化、豐富知識、拓寬視野。2021年12月四級真題答案詳解（第3套）PartIWritingAClassmateofMineWhoHasInfluencedMeMostinCollege寫作指南本年度的作文文體比擬自由，不再局限于議論文。要求考生描繪對自己影響最大的一位大學同學，并列舉該大學同學對自己影響最大的原因。根據(jù)題目要求。文章的構造可安排如下：開頭局部：簡單介紹對自己影響最大的一位大學同學。指出其優(yōu)點，如能極好地保持生活娛樂和學習三者之間的平衡。中間局部：詳細列舉該大學同學對自己影響最大的原因，最好列舉2—3個詳細原因，以使文章內(nèi)容充實。結尾局部：說明自己的態(tài)度，總結全文。如果有人問我「對我總響最大的大學同學是誰.龍強毫革猶廉地回答;瑪麗。瑪麗咼我的室友秉妹旋"她在生活、如果有人問我「對我總響最大的大學同學是誰.龍強毫革猶廉地回答;瑪麗?，旣悊J我的室友秉妹旋"她在生活、娛樂和學習之間始釀儀保持極好的平衡；我甚至把蛛當惟裁的催倫**令日事今日畢”是瑪麗的第一條座打銘。她安排了日常事務的時間表并產(chǎn)格遵守。霹夜忙于玩電子游戲或看肥皂劇而難以準時起床去吃早飯和上早課的同學經(jīng)常嘲笑瑪雨的第二條座右銘——?早睡早起"。而'毋麗g反望說:費們首要關心的應是專注于學習「生活要豐更雯儺健康康。對于我們獨生于女來說.瑪麗的第三條座"對她人耐心、友崔H無癡是說起來容易傲起來難*掘而"瑪麗強調(diào)我們應該與周圍的人和睦相牡°瑪麗的行為也許在當下的年輕人看來有些蒂（5。然而,費卻以她為務樣「時割嚴格要求自己。翌世得這樣1S是值得的。withouthesitation毫不猶豫entertainment/,ent'teinmnt/n.娛樂idol/'aidln.偶像schedule/yedju:l,'sk^djul/n.時刻表務ridicule/'r/d/ikju:lvt.嘲笑primary/'praimri/a.首要的concentrateon全神貫注于emphasize/'emfsaiz/vt.強調(diào)處outdated/ayt'deitid/a.過時的youngster/'j?st/n.年輕人disciplineoneff嚴格要求自己的萬能句型1.建出話題keepabalance保持平衡regard...as...將視為motto/'mtu/n.座右銘routine/ru:'ti:n/n.例行事soapopera肥皂劇concern/kn's:n/n.關切的事definitely/'deflntli/ad.明確的liveinharmonywith...與和睦相contemporary/kn'temprri/a.當代的nevertheless/,nevd'les/然而worthwile/w:0'wail/a.值得做Ifofallmy^la^smateskncaller,whohasInfluencedmeiro&trIwouldanswerwithouthesikilion；Mary.M^tyhtiiyb￡$lliierHlandnoanunatie,hasalwaysk?ptauchagnndMhrtceamonglife,eiitfirtalnmentandstudy,scmuchsotJiatIervenregardher期myidol"NeverLeavetilltomorrowwhatyoucandotods^"—that"日Maryasmottoone.Marykeeps玄scheduleofroutincKand自tickstoitstrictly^41Earlytobed,earlytorise"—Mary'smottotwo—isfire-qupntlyridiculedbythosebusywithvideogantesorsoupoperasiateatnightflndhauingdifficultygettingupontimetohavebreakfastandm€nnir\gclaaws.ChurprimaryconexmistocoikCtjjilrHleonstuc|yandlivearolcrfiilyethealthylife,Maryargues."BepatientaiwinicetoQth?rs”一MaryMmottothnw—isdcfioitflyeasiersaidthandoneforusonlychildren.Huwev-er,Maryempharizesthatweshuuldliveinharmonywithpeoplearound.WhatMatydoesmightsoundvuldatcdforcontemporaryjOfin^krs.Nevertheless,rmdhcipliiiingmy&dfinthesain呂wayassheis,whiehIbelieve]sworthwhile.亮點詞匯Ifasked,ofall..,whohasinfluencedmemost,wouldanswerwithouthesitation:...假如有人問我，對我影響最大的是誰，我會毫不猶豫的答復：IfIweretonametheonethathasexertedthemostinfluenceonme,Iwoulddefinitelycomeupwith假如讓我說出對我影響最大的人是誰，我會肯定地說是Manypeoplehaveexertedenormousinfluenceonmylife.Withoutquestion,…仏theonelivehasinfluencedmemost.許多人對我的生活產(chǎn)生了宏大影響。毫無疑問的，……是對我影響最大的人。Ourprin~aryconcernisto...我們首要關心的應是Itisofgreatimportancefor..,to...對于是非常重要的.Itismorethanimportantto...非常必要…Itisvitallyimportantto...非常重要.寫作模板Ifasked,of（某類人）,whohasinfluencedmemost,Iwouldanswerwithouthesitation:（對自己影響最大的人的名字）.〔簡述此人優(yōu)點〕sothatIevenregardhim/herasmyidol.（列舉2-3個原因，詳細說明此人為什么對自己影響最大）What（對自己影響最大的人的名字）doesmightsoundoutdatedforcontemporaryyoungsters.Nevertheless,I'mdiscipliningmyselfinthesamewayashe/shedoes,whichIbelieveisworthwhile.PartIIIListeningComprehension（SecdtiomA）M:Todayisabaddayforme.Ifelloffastepandtwistedmyankle.W:Don'tworry,usuallyankleinjurieshealquicklyffyoustopregularactivitiesforawhile.Q:Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?【A】【解析】女士說假如這段時間你停下日常活動，腳踝的傷很快就會好的，與A“讓腳踝好好休息〃一致?！军c睛】①通讀四個選項可知對話內(nèi)容與受傷有關，要留意受傷后的應對方法。②解題要點在于聽清楚stop的否認含義。B中的treat???immediately和D中的carefifl都是無中生有；C的意思正好與原文相反。W:MayIseeyourtieket,please?Ithinkyou'resittinginmyseat.M:Oh,you'reright.Myseatisinthebalcony.I'mterriblysorry.Q:Wheredoestheeonversationmostprobablytakeplaee?【C】【解析】關鍵詞是ticket和balcony。balcony此處的意思是“戲院等的樓廳或包廂〃，故答案為C?！军c睛】①預讀選項可知此題提問對話地點，聽音時要抓聽特殊場景詞匯。②在聽力材料中，多義詞balcony的常用意義是“包廂，（戲院）樓廳〃而不是“陽臺〃，往往與“劇院〃場景有關。W:DidyouhearJaySmithdiedinhissleeplastnight?M:Yes,it'sverysad.Pleaseleteverybodyknowthatwhoeverwantstomayattendthefuneral.Q:Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?[B][解析]抓聽到關鍵詞died,sad,funeral即可選出答案B.【點睛】話題往往由第一個人提出，重要信息往往屢次出現(xiàn)，捕捉到任何一處均可解決問題。其實答案中的sad一詞也是聽到的，使得此題難度大大降低，即使不懂funeral是“葬禮〃的意思也問題不大?！咧腥ナ?'不是‘‘慘劇〃．不可選A。M:HaveyoutakenProfessorYang'sexambefore?I'mkindofnervous.W:Yes.Justconcentrateontheimportantideasshe'stalkedaboutinclassandignorethedetails.Q:HowdoesthewomansuggestthemanprepareforProfessorYang'sexam?D】【解析】女士說抓住要點，忽略細節(jié)，正好是D的意思：focus與concentrate同義，mainpoints與impol與ntideas同義?！军c睛】①預讀選項可知話題與學習有關。四個選項均用了動詞原形短語形式，可推斷考建議、要求等。②A與事實相反，B、C均未提及。W:I'msosorrysir,andyoullletmepaytohaveyourjacketcleaned,won'tyou?M:That'sallfightItcouldhappentoanyone.AndI'msurethatcoffeedoesn'tleavelastingmarksonclothing.Q:Whatcanweinferfromtheconversation?【D】【解析】女士提出出錢負責洗凈男士的夾克衫，男士說這種事情誰都會碰到的，而且衣服上的咖啡漬不會洗不掉的。可見當時的場景是女士把咖啡潑撒在男士身上了，選D。【點睛】①預讀選項可推斷對話話題涉及女士向男士賠禮抱歉。②推斷題要抓聽關鍵信息。A、B無根據(jù)：女士說出錢洗男士的夾克衫.而C錯在說女士出錢給男士買咖啡.W:HaveyouseenthemovieTheDeparted?TheplotwassocomplicatedthatIreallygotlost.M:Yeah,Ifeltthesame,butafterIsawitasecondtime,Icouldputallthepiecestogether.Q:Howdidthetwospeakersfindthemovie?【B】【解析】此題關鍵在于聽懂女士說電影情節(jié)復雜，她看不懂，然后男士說他有同感。因此選B。【點睛】①預讀選項可推斷此題提問某人對某事物（由plot一詞猜想可能是電影）的看法如何有關。②A中tedious沒有根據(jù)；C是利用原詞plot進展干擾；根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折詞之后的信息可排除D。M:I'mreallysurprisedyougotanAonthetest;youdidn'tseemtohavedonealotofreading.W:NowyouknowwhyInevermissedalecture.Q:Whatcontributestothewoman'shighscore?【A】【解析】男士說很驚訝女士考試得分為A，因為她似乎不怎么看書，女士答復說因為她“從不落下一節(jié)課〃。因此選A?！军c睛】①預讀選項可知此題提問與學習、考試有關。②A正與考點構成同義表達。問題中的contributetO表示“導致，造成〃，也要聽懂。W:Haveyouheardaboutthenewdigitaltelevisionsystem?Itletspeoplegetabout5OOchannels.M:YeahButIdoubtthey'llhaveanythingdifferentfromwhatwewatchnow.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?【D】【解析】男士說他認為新的數(shù)字電視系統(tǒng)所提供的東西與他們?nèi)缃裼^看的內(nèi)容不會有什么區(qū)別，D與此一致?！军c睛】doibt“不相信〃表示對后面所跟內(nèi)容的否認，而且由轉(zhuǎn)折詞But也能聽出不贊成的意思，可首先排除B.A的內(nèi)容與男士的話正好矛盾。新的數(shù)字電視系統(tǒng)確定可以提供500個頻道，這并非unrealistic,故C也不妥。Nowyou'llhearthetwolongconversations.ConversationOneW:Gosh!Haveyouseenthis,Richard?M:Seenwhat?.W:Inthepaper.Itsays,thereisamangoingaround「9]pretendinghe'sfromtheelectricityboard.He'sbeencallingatpeople'shomes,sayinghe'scometocheckthatalltheirappliancesaresafe.Thenhegetsaroundthemtomakehimacupoftea,and「9]whiletheyareoutoftheroomhestealstheirmoney,handbag,whateverandmakesoffwithit.M:Butyouknow,Jane,it'spartlytheirownfault;youshouldneverletanyonelikethatinunlessou'reexpectingthem.W:It'sallverywelltosaythat.Butsomeonecomestothedoor,andsayselectricityorgasandyouutomaticallythinktheyareOK[10]especiallyiftheyflashacardtoyou.M:DoesthismanhaveanIDthen?W:Yes,that'sjustit.Itseemsheusedtoworkfortheelectricityboardatonetime.「ll]Accordingtotheaperthepolicearewarningpeopleespeciallypensionersnottoadmitanyoneunlesstheyhaveanppointment.It'sabitsad.「12]0neoldladytoldthemshe'djustbeentothepostofficetodrawherpensionwhenhecalled.Shesaidhemusthavefollowedherhome.「12]Hestolethewholelot.M:Butwhatdoeshelooklike?Surelytheymusthaveadescription.W:Oh,yes,theyhave.Let'ssee,inhisthirties,tall,bushydarkhair,slightnorthernaccent,soundsabitlideyouactually.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantoreadnthenewspaper?【C】【解析】女士用了好幾句話描繪報紙上登載的內(nèi)容.特別是注意她提到的一些要點“該男子假裝來自電力部門；借故把主人從房間支走之后，趁機盜走財物，然后逃之天天〞。由此斷定這是一段關于喬裝改扮的竊賊的描繪。答案為C。【點睛】名詞選項，問對話主題。抓聽到關鍵詞pre.Tendingstealmoney等，就不難選出答案。Howdidthemanmentionedinthenewspaperrytowinfurthertrustfromthevictims?【D】【解析】女士說很難防范此類竊賊，特別是當他們向你出示證件的時候。故答案為D“出示身份證〞?！军c睛】動詞如今分詞選項，要注意對話中提到的相關動作°B、C毫無根據(jù)；A是利用對話結尾處accent進展原詞干擾。Whatisthewarningfromthepolice?【C】【解析】警方警告人們，特別是領養(yǎng)老金的人.不要讓任何人人室，除非有預約。應選C。【點睛】動詞不定式選項，多問表示目的的動作。假設因內(nèi)容多未能回憶出警察所說的詳細內(nèi)容，可根據(jù)通篇對話的主旨答題。A、B與對話主旨不相關；D那么是誤導，對話針對的是假冒電力公司的人，而非真正的電力公司的人。Whatdoesthewomanspeakertellusabouttheoldlady?【C】【解析】閱讀選項可知，此題詢問的是某位女士的遭遇，因此當聽到對話中提到一位老太太時，很自然就對應到此題中去，不難選出正確答案C?！军c睛】對話講匪徒喬裝入室盜竊，A、B、D所述地點均不在家中，故均可輕松排除。假設僅憑聽到的只言片語作答．那么易誤選。ConversationTwoM:MissJones,couldyoutellmemoreabout「13]yourfirstjobwithh