2023年英語專業(yè)四級真題及答案

TESTFORENGLISHMAJORS()-GRADEFOUR-TIMELIMIT:135MINPARTIDICTATION [15MIN]Listentothefollowingpassage.Altogetherthepassagewillbereadtoyoufourtimes.Duringthefirstreading,whichwillbedoneatnormalspeed,listenandtrytounderstandthemeaning.Forthesecondandthirdreadings,thepassagewillbereadsentencebysentence,orphrasebyphrase,withintervalsof15seconds.Thelastreadingwillbedoneatnormalspeedagainandduringthistimeyoushouldcheckyourwork.Youwillthenbegiven2minutestocheckthroughyourworkoncemore.PleasewritethewholepassageonANSWERSHEETONE.PARTIILISTENINGCOMPREHENSION [20MIN]InSectionsA,BandCyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.MarkthebestanswertoeachquestiononAnswerSheetTwo.SECTIONACONVERSATIONSInthissectionyouwillhearseveralconversations.Listentotheconversationscarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Questions1to3arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Attheendoftheconversation,youwillbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentotheconversation.1.WhichofthestatementsabouttheautoshowisINCORRECT?A.Theshowwillhavemorestandsthisyear.B.Theshowwillhavemorevisitorsthisyear.C.Thenumberofoverseasvisitorswillbethesamethisyear.D.Thenumberofexhibitiondayswillbethesamethisyear.2.Accordingtotheconversation,thepriceforastandwouldincludeA.acatalogue.B.aposter.C.twodesks.D.fourchairs.3.Duringtheconversation,themanseemstobemoreinterestedinA.thesizeoftheshow.B.thecostofthestand.C.thebasicfurniture.D.thevisitornumber.Questions4to7arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Attheendoftheconversation,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentotheconversation.4.WhatisJiminterestedin?A.Investinginthecompany’sproduct.B.Buyinganeweducationalcomputer.C.Joiningthecomputercompany.D.Readingthecampaignplan.5.TheadvertisementswillbeplacedinallthefollowingEXCEPTA.familymagazines.B.Sundaynewspapers.C.morningtelevision.D.teenagemagazines.6.TheadvertisementsareintendedtobeseenbyA.parentsonly.B.childrenonly.C.schoolteachers.D.wholefamilies.7.Lindasounds aboutthesuccessofthecampaignplan.A.confidentB.hesitantC.uncertainD.delightedQuestions8to10arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Attheendoftheconversation,youwillbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentotheconversation.8.JohnhasworkedinallthefollowingplacesEXCEPTA.abookshop.B.apaperfactory.C.aschool.D.afastfoodrestaurant.9.Fromtheconversation,welearnthatJohnA.hasnointerest.B.hasonlyoneinterest.C.hastwointerests.D.hasquiteafewinterests.10.SueGreenseemstobemoreinterestedinJohn’sexperienceofA.workinginapaperfactory.B.workinginayouthclub.C.lookingafterhisbrotherandsister.D.lookingafterhisyoungfriends.SECTIONBPASSAGESInthissection,youwillhearseveralpassages.Listentothepassagescarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Questions11to13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Attheendofthepassage,youwillbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothepassage.11.Accordingtothepassage,theaverageageofthefleetofDelta/NorthwestisA.10years.B.14years.C.16years.D.20years.12.ItcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatA.airjourneysarequiteoftenfarfromcomfortable.B.airtravellersusuallyenjoyluxuryduringflight.C.airtravellersusuallyenjoyupgradedconditions.D.airlinesalwaysprovidegoodin-flightentertainment.13.Olderplanescanstaysafeformorethan25yearsbecauseofthefollowingEXCEPTA.newengines.B.strongmaterials.C.propermaintenance.D.newinterior.Questions14to17arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Attheendofthepassage,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothepassage.14.Whichjobwillinvolvesupervisingworkersusingdangerousequipment?A.Assistantsitemanager.B.Carpentersupervisor.C.Assemblysupervisor.D.Automobileservicestationmanager.15.Whowillalsodecideonthepricesofproductsandservices?A.Airlines’flightservicemanager.B.Automobileservicestationmanager.C.Assistantsitemanager.D.Carpentersupervisor.16.Whomayalsodosomeoftheworkhesupervises?A.Assistantsitemanager.B.Airlines’flightservicemanager.C.Assemblysupervisor.D.Carpentersupervisor.17.Whichjoboffersthehighestsalary?A.Assistantsitemanager.B.Automobileservicestationmanager.C.Carpentersupervisor.D.Airlines’flightservicemanager.Questions18to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Attheendofthepassage,youwillbegiven15secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothepassage.18.Wherewerethetwomenfilmed?A.Inthejewelryshop.B.IntheCityMall.C.Nearthelorry.D.Intheparkinglot.19.WitnessessawthetwomenA.leavethelorrytogether.B.leavethelorrywithouthoods.C.runbacktothelorryseparately.D.runbacktothelorrywithouthoods.20.WhichofthefollowingdetailsisCORRECT?A.Thelorrywasoriginallypaintedwhite.B.Thelorryhadnoregistrationplates.C.Theshortermanwasthepassenger.D.Thetallermanwasthedriver.SECTIONCNEWSBROADCASTInthissection,youwillhearseveralnewsitems.Listentothemcarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Questions21and22arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothenews.21.WhatdidNASA’sConstellationProgrammeoriginallyplantodo?A.Tosetupamooncolonyby.B.Tosendastronautsagaintothemoonby.C.Tocontinuethecurrentshuttlemissionstill.D.TocreatemorejobsforNASAtill.22.NASA’sConstellationProgrammewouldbecancelledmainlybecauseA.therewereimportantspacemissions.B.thespaceagencylackedfundingfortheprogramme.C.thecurrentshuttlemissionswouldcontinue.D.CongressfailedtopassPresidentObama’sbudget.Questions23and24arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothenews.23.TheRussiancargoshipwassinking.Whatwasthedirectcause?A.Noexplanationoftheproblem.B.Longdistanceawayfromland.C.Slowrescueefforts.D.Severeweather.24.WhichofthefollowingwasNOTmentionedasapossiblemeansofrescue?A.Aircraft.B.Tugboat.C.Nearbycargoship.D.Vesselsattheoilrig.Questions25and26arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothenews.25.WhydidthesingersmeetinHollywood?A.ToraisemoneyforAfricanhumanitarianefforts.B.ToraisemoneyforHaitianearthquakevictims.C.TosinginmemoryofMichaelJackson.D.Tomakearecordingoftheoriginalversionofthesong.26.WhichothefollowingdetailsaboutthenewsisINCORRECT?A.Theorganizerisoneoftheco-writersofthefirstsong.B.Singerswillusethesamerecordingstudioasin1985.C.Therecordingsessionsexpectedtolastlong.D.Starsfromtheoriginalversionwilltakepart.Question27and28arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothenews.27.Theadditional2billiondollarswillmainlybeusedtoA.upgradeitsnetworkcapacity.B.improvecustomerservices.C.developnewproducts.D.marketmoreiPhones.28.WheredoesAT&Tfacedifficultiesinparticular?A.Nationwide.B.Overseas.C.Inlargecities.D.Inremotetowns.Questions29and30arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestions.Now,listentothenews.29.Whereisthepresenceofsecuritypatrolsmostevident?A.Wherematchestakeplace.B.Whereprotestsmaytakeplace.C.IndowntownVancouver.D.Aroundtheathletes’village.30.Whatisthisnewsitemmainlyabout?A.PoliticalprotestduringtheOlympics.B.SecurityoperationsduringtheOlympics.C.Olympics’securityforces.D.Securitymeasuresinbuildings.PARTIIICLOZE [15MIN]Decidewhichofthechoicesgivenbelowwouldbestcompletethepassageifinsertedinthecorrespondingblanks.MarkthebestchoiceforeachblankonAnswerSheetTwo.“Congratulations,Mr.Cooper.It’sagirl.”Fatherhoodisgoingtohaveadifferentmeaningand(31)adifferentresponsefromeverymanwhohearsthesewords.Somefeel(32)whentheyreceivethenews,(33) othersworry,wonderingwhethertheywillbegoodfather.(34) therearesomemenwholikechildrenandmayhavehad(35) experiencewiththem,othersdonotparticularly(36) childrenandspendlittletimewiththem.Manyfathersandmothershavebeenplanningandlookingforwardtochildrenforsometime.(37) othercouples,pregnancywasanaccidentthatbothhusbandandwifehave(38) willinglyorunwillingly.Whateverthe(39) tothebirthofachild,itisobvioustheshiftfromtheroleofhusbandto(40) ofafatherisadifficulttask.(41) ,unfortunately,fewattemptshavebeenmadeto(42) fathersinthisresocialization(43) .Althoughnumerousbookshavebeenwrittenaboutmothers,(44) recentlyhasliteraturefocusedonthe(45) ofafather.Itisarguedthatthetransitiontothefather'srole,althoughdifficult,isnot(46) asgreatasthetransitionthewifemust(47) tothemother'srole.Themother'sroleseemstorequireacomplete(48) indailyroutine.(49) ,thefather’sroleislessdemandingand(50) .31. A.bringdown B.bringforth C.bringoff D.bringin32. A.emotional B.sentimental C.bewildered D.proud33. A.while B.when C.if D.as34. A.When B.If C.Although D.Yet35. A.considerate B.considerable C.considering D.considered36. A.careabout B.careof C.carewith D.carefor37. A.For B.Of C.From D.Upon38. A.received B.taken C.accepted D.obtained39. A.reply B.reaction C.readiness D.reality40. A.what B.this C.one D.that41. A.Asaresult B.Forexample C.Yet D.Also42. A.educate B.cultivate C.inform D.convert43. A.step B.process C.point D.time44. A./ B.just C.quite D.only45. A.role B.work C.career D.position46. A.alittle B.just C.nearly D.almost47. A.take B.make C.carry D.accept48. A.transformation B.realization C.socialization D.reception49. A.Inaddition B.Aboveall C.Generally D.However50. A.current B.immediate C.present D.quickPARTIVGRAMMAR&VOCABULARY [15MIN]Therearethirtysentencesinthissection.BeneatheachsentencetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Chooseonewordorphrasethatbestcompletesthesentence.MarkyouranswersonAnswerSheetTwo.51.Myuncleisquitewornoutfromyearsofhardwork.Heisnolongertheman hewasfifteenyearsago.A.which B.whom C.who D.that52.WhichofthefollowingsentencesisaCOMMAND?A.Begyourpardon.B.Haveagoodtime.C.Neverdothatagain!D.Whatnoiseyouaremaking!53.Whichofthefollowingitalicizedphrasesindicatespurpose?A.Shesaiditforfun,butotherstookherseriously.B.Forallitseffort,theteamdidn’twinthematch.C.Lindahasworkedforthefirmfortwentyyears.D.HesetoutforBeijingyesterday.54.Whenyouhavefinishedwiththebook,don’tforgettoreturnittoTim, ?A.doyou B.willyou C.don’tyou D.won’tyou55.Inphraseslikefreezingcold,burninghot,orsoakingwet,the–INGparticipleisusedA.asacommand.B.asacondition.C.forconcession.D.foremphasis.56.WhichofthefollowingitalicizedphrasesisINCORRECT?A.Thecityisnowtentimesitsoriginalsize.B.IwishIhadtwotimeshisstrength.C.Theselleraskedfordoubletheusualprice.D.Theycomeherefourtimeseveryyear.57.Itisnotsomuchthelanguage theculturalbackgroundthatmakesthebookdifficulttounderstand.A.as B.nor C.but D.like58.Whichofthefollowingitalicizedpartsisusedasanobject?A.Whatdoyouthinkhashappenedtoher?B.Whodoyouthinkthevisitingprofessoris?C.Howmuchdoyouthinkheearnseverymonth?D.Howquicklywouldyousayhewouldcome?59.Theadditionalworkwilltake weeks.A.theother B.anothertwo C.othertwo D.themore60.Whichofthefollowingitalicizedpartsisasubjectclause(主語從句)?A.Wearequitecertainthatwewillgetthereintime.B.Hehastofacethefactthattherewillbenopayrisethisyear.C.Shesaidthatshehadseenthemanearlierthatmorning.D.Itissheerluckthattheminersarestillaliveaftertendays.61.It’sgettinglate.I’dratheryou now.A.left B.leave C.areleaving D.willleave62.Inthesentence“ThemanagerinterviewedJimhimselfinthemorning”,theitalicizedwordisusedtomodifyA.theobject.B.theverb.C.thesubject.D.theprepositionalphrase.63.Thereisnodoubt thecoupledidtherightthingincomingbackhomeearlierthanplanned.A.whether B.that C.why D.when64.ThesentencethatexpressesOFFERisA.I’llgetsomedrinks.What’llyouhave?B.Doessheneedtobookaticketnow?C.MayIknowyourname?D.Canyoureturnthebooknextweek?65.Whichofthefollowingitalicizedphrasesindicatesasubject-predicaterelation(主謂關系)?A.MrSmith’spassporthasbeenissued.B.Thevisitor’sarrivalwasreportedinthenews.C.John’straveldetailshavenotbeenfinalized.D.Thenewbookstoresellschildren’sstories.66.Ourofficehasrecently toanewcomputersystem.A.altered B.converted C.transformed D.modified67.Thecrowdwent assoonasthesingersteppedontothestage.A.wild B.emotional C.uncontrolled D.unrestricted68.Ourschoollibraryis closedforrepairs.A.shortly B.quickly C.temporarily D.rapidly69.Johnisuptohiseyesinworkatthemoment.Theunderlinedpartmeans .A.veryexcited B.verybusy C.verytired D.veryefficient70.Victoriabumpedintoherbrotherquitebychanceinthesupermarket.Theunderlinedwordmeans .A.risk B.opportunity C.possibility D.luck71.“Lookatthoseprettygirls’skirts”is ,becauseitisnotclearwhetherthegirlsortheskirtsare“pretty’.A.ambiguous B.hidden C.indirect D.indistinct72.Houserepairs,holidays,schoolfeesandother havereducedhisbankbalancetoalmostnothing.A.amount B.payment C.expenses D.figures73.Itwasreally ofyoutoremembermybirthday.A.grateful B.thoughtful C.considerable D.generous74.Youcangotoatravelagencyandaskforaholiday .A.introduction B.advertisement C.book D.brochure75.Thecitygovernmentisbuildingmoreroadsto theincreasingnumberofcars.A.accommodate B.receive C.accept D.hold76.They’veliftedatwo-year-longeconomic onthecountry.A.enclosure B.restriction C.blockade D.prohibition77.Everyoneissurprisedthatshehasfallenoutwithherboyfriend.Theunderlinedpartmeans .A.left B.quarreled C.attacked D.defeated78.Hisplaniscarefullypreparedandfullofdetails,soitisavery one.A.elaborate B.refined C.ambitious D.complex79.Thegirl’svoicewassolowthatwecould hearher.A.seldom B.almost C.only D.barely80.Shemusthavebeenpretty tofallforsuchanoldtrick.A.interested B.gullible C.enthusiastic D.shrewdPARTVREADINGCOMPREHENSION [25MIN]Inthissectiontherearefourpassagesfollowedbyquestionsorunfinishedstatements,eachwithfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswer.MarkyouranswersonAnswerSheetTwo.TEXTAWehaveacrisisonourhands.Youmeanglobalwarning?Theworldeconomy?No,thedeclineofreading.Peoplearejustnotdoingitanymore,especiallytheyoung.Who’sresponsible?Actually,it’smorelike,Whatisresponsible?TheInternet,ofcourse,andeverythingthatcomeswithit—Facebook,Twitter(微博).Youcanwriteyourownlist.There’sbeenawarningabouttheimminentdeathofliteratecivilizationforalongtime.Inthe20thcentury,firstitwasthemovies,thenradio,thentelevisionthatseemedtospelldoomforthewrittenworld.Nonedid.Readingsurvived;infactitnotonlysurvived,ithasflourished.Theworldismoreliteratethaneverbefore—therearemoreandmorereaders,andmoreandmorebooks.Thefactthatweoftengetourreadingmaterialonlinetodayisnotsomethingweshouldworryover.Theelectronicanddigitalrevolutionofthelasttwodecadeshasarguablyshownthewayforwardforreadingandforwriting.Takethearrivalofe-bookreadersasanexample.DeviceslikeKindlemakereadingmoreconvenientandarealotmoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanthetraditionalpaperbook.Astechnologymakesnewwaysofwritingpossible,newwaysofreadingarepossible.Interconnectivityallowsforthepossibilityofareadingexperiencethatwasbarelyimaginablebefore.Wheretraditionalbookshadtomakedowithphotographsandillustrations,ane-bookcanprovidereaderswithanunlimitednumberoflinks:totexts,pictures,andvideos.Inthefuture,thewaypeoplewritenovels,history,andphilosophywillresemblenothingseeninthepast.Ontheotherhand,thereisthedangeroftrivialization.OneTwittergroupisofferingitsfollowerssingle-sentence-long“digests”ofthegreatnovels.WarandPeaceinasentence?Youmustbejoking.Weshouldfearthefragmentationofreading.Thereisthedangerthatthehigh-speedconnectivityoftheInternetwillreduceourattentionspan—thatwewillbeincapableofreadinganythingoflengthorwhichrequiresdeepconcentration.Insuchafast-changingworld,inwhichrealityseemstoberemadeeachday,weneedtheabilitytofocusandunderstandwhatishappeningtous.Thishasalwaysbeenthefunctionofliteratureandweshouldbecarefulnottoletitdisappear.Oursocietyneedstobeabletoimaginethepossibilityofsomeoneutterlyintunewithmoderntechnologybutabletomakesenseofadynamic,confusingworld.Inthe15thcentury,JohannesGuttenberg’sinventionoftheprintingpressinEuropehadahugeimpactoncivilization.Onceuponatimethephysicalbookwasachallengingthing.Weshouldrememberthisbeforeweassumethattechnologyisouttodestroytraditionalculture.81.Whichofthefollowingparagraphsbrieflyreviewsthehistoricalchallengesforreading?BA.ParagraphOne.B.ParagraphTwo.C.ParagraphThree.D.ParagraphFour.82.Thefollowingareallcitedasadvantagesofe-booksEXCEPTDA.multimodalcontent.B.environmentalfriendliness.C.convenienceforreaders.D.imaginativedesign.83.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribehowtheauthorfeelstowardsingle-sentence-longnovels?BA.Ironic.B.Worried.C.Sarcastic.D.Doubtful.84.Accordingtothepassage,peopleneedknowledgeofmoderntechnologyand A tosurviveinthefast-changingsociety.A.goodjudgmentB.highsensitivityC.goodimaginationD.theabilitytofocus85.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?CA.Technologypushesthewayforwardforreadingandwriting.B.Interconnectivityisafeatureofnewreadingexperience.C.Technologyisanopportunityandachallengefortraditionalreading.D.Technologyoffersagreatervarietyofreadingpractice.TEXTBIknowwhenthesnowmeltsandthefirstrobins(知更鳥)cometocall,whenthelaughterofchildrenreturnstotheparksandplaygrounds,somethingwonderfulisabouttohappen.Springcleaning.I’lladmitspringcleaningisadifficultnotionformodernfamiliestograsp.Today’sbusyfamilieshardlyhavetimetoloadthedishwasher,muchlesscleanthedoormat.AskingthefamilytospendtheweekendcollectingwinterdogpilesfromthemeltingsnowinthebackyardislikeannouncingtherewillbenomoreWi-Fi.Itinterruptsthenaturalorder.“Honey,whatsaywespendtheweekendbeatingtherugs,sortingthroughtheboxesinthebasementandpaintingourbedroomanicelemonyyellow?”Isay.“CanweatleastwaituntiltheNBAmatchesareover?”myhusbandanswers.ButItellmyfamily,springcleaningcan’twait.ThetemperaturehasrisenjustenoughtomeltsnowbutnotenoughforLittleLeaguepracticetostart.Someflowersarepeekingoutofthethawingground,butthereisnolawntoseed,norgardentotend.Newlywakenedfromourwinter’shibernation(冬眠),yetstillneedingextrablanketsatnight,weopenourwindowstothefirstfreshairfloatingonthebreezeandallofthenaturalworlddemanding“Awakeandbeclean!”Biologistsofferatheoryaboutthisprimalimpulsetocleanouteverydrawerandclosetinthehouseatspring’sfirstlight,whichhastodowithmelatonin,thesleepytimehormone(激素)ourbodiesproducewhenit’sdark.Whenspring’slightcomes,themelatonindiminishes,andsuddenlyweareawakenedtothedusty,virus-filledhousewe’vebeenhibernatinginforfourmonths.Itellmyfamilyaboutthescienceandpsychologyofagoodhealthycleaningatspring’sarrival.Ispeaktothemaboutlife’sgreatestrewardswaitingintheremovalofsoapscumfromthebathtub,whichhasn’tbeenproperlycleanedsincethefirstsnowfall.“I’lldoit,”saystheeldestchild,a21-year-oldcollegestudentwholivesathome.“Youwill?Wow!”Iexclaim.Maybeafteralltheseyears,he’sfinallygraspedtheconcept.Maybehe’sexpressinghisrightfulpositionaseldestchildandrolemodel.Ormaybehe’sgoingtoFloridaforabreakinacoupleofweeksandhe’sbeingnicetomewhoisthefinancial-aidofficer.Nomatter.Seeingmyadultsonwillinglycleaningthatdirtybathtubgivesmehopeforthefutureofhis12-year-oldbrotherwho,insteadofworking,isfoundtobesleepingintheseatofthewindowheissupposedtobecleaning.“Awakeandbeclean!”Isay.86.Accordingtothepassage,“…springcleaningisdifficultnotionformodernfamiliestograsp”meansthatspringcleaningAA.isnolongeraneasypracticetounderstand.B.isnolongerpartofmodernfamilylife.C.requiresmorefamilymemberstobeinvolved.D.callsformorecomplicatedskillsandknowledge.87.WhichofthefollowingisLEASTlikelytobeincludedinfamilyspringcleaning?CA.Beatingtherugs.B.Cleaningthewindow.C.RestoringWi-Fiservices.D.Cleaningthebackyard.88.Whydoestheauthorsay“springcleaningcan’twait”?AA.Becausetherewillbemoreactivitieswhenitgetswarmer.B.Becausetheairisfresherandthebreezeislighter.C.Becausethewholefamilyisfullofenergyatspringtime.D.Becausethesnowismeltingandthegroundisthawing.89.Whichofthefollowinginterpretationsofthebiologists’theoryaboutmelatoninisINCORRECT?DA.Theproductionofmelatonininourbodiesvariesatdifferenttimes.B.Melatoninismorelikelytocausesleepinessinourbodies.C.Thereductionofmelatoninwillcausewakefulnessinourbodies.D.Theamountofmelatoninremainsconstantinourbodies.90.Whichofthefollowingcanbestsumuptheauthor’soverallreactiontoheradultson’spositiveresponsetospringcleaning?BA.Surprisedandskeptical.B.Elatedandhesitant.C.Relievedandoptimistic.D.Optimisticandhesitant.TEXTCThesedayslotsofyoungJapanesedoomiai,literally,“meetandlook.”Manyofthemdosowillingly.Intoday’sprosperousandincreasinglyconservativeJapan,thetraditionalomiaikekkon,orarrangedmarriage,isthriving.Butthereisadifference.Intheoriginalomiai,theyoungJapanesecouldn’trejectthepartnerchosenbyhisparentsandtheirmiddleman.AfterWorldWarII,manyJapaneseabandonedthearrangedmarriageaspartoftheirrushtoadoptthemoredemocraticwaysoftheirAmericanconquerors.TheWesternren’aikekkon,orlovemarriage,becamepopular;Japanesebeganpickingtheirownmatesbydatingandfallinginlove.ButtheWesternwaywasoftenfoundwantinginanimportantrespect:itdidn’tnecessarilyproduceapartneroftherighteconomic,social,andeducationalqualifications.“Today’syoungpeoplearequitecalculating,”saysChiekoAkiyama,asocialcommentator.Whatseemstobehappeningnowisarepetitionofafamiliarprocessinthecountry’shistory,the“Japanization”ofanadoptedforeignpractice.TheWesternidealofmarryingforloveisaccommodatedinanewomiaiinwhichbothpartiesarefreetorejectthematch.“Omiaiisevolvingintoasortofstylizedintroduction,”Mrs.Akiyamasays.ManyyoungJapanesenowdateintheirearlytwenties,butwithnothoughtofmarriage.Whentheyreachtheage—inthemiddletwentiesforwomen,thelatetwentiesformen—theyincreasinglyturntoomiai.Somestudiessuggestthatasmanyas40%ofmarriageseachyearareomiaikekkon.It’shardtobesure,saythosewhostudythematter,becausemanyJapanesecouples,whenpolled,describetheirmarriageasalovematchevenifitwasarranged.Thesedays,doingomiaioftenmeansgoingtoacomputermatchingserviceratherthantoanakodo.Thenakodooftraditionwasanoldwomanwhoknewallthekidsintheneighbourhoodandwentaroundtryingtopairthemoffbyspeakingtotheirparents;asuccessfulmatchwouldbringheraweddinginvitationandagiftofmoney.ButJapanesetodayfindit’slessawkwardtorejectaproposedpartnerifthenakodoisacomputer.Japanhasaboutfivehundredcomputermatchingservices.Somebigcompanies,includingMitsubishi,runonefortheiremployees.Atatypicalcommercialservice,anapplicantpays$80to$125tohavehisorherpersonaldatastoredinthecomputerfortwoyearsand$200orsomoreifamarriageresults.Thestoredinformationincludessomeobviousitems,likeeducationandhobbies,andsomenot-so-obviousones,likewhetherapersonistheoldestchild.(Firstsons,andtosomeextentfirstdaughter,faceanobligationofcaringforelderlyparents.)91.Accordingtothepassage,today’syoungJapanesepreferBA.atraditionalarrangedmarriage.B.anewtypeofarrangedmarriage.C.aWesternlovemarriage.D.amoreWesternizedlovemarriage.92.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECT?AA.AWesternlovemarriagetendstomisssomeJapanesevalues.B.Lessattentionispaidtothepartner’squalificationinarrangedmarriages.C.YoungJapanesewouldoftencalculatetheirpartner’swealth.D.Anewarrangedmarriageisarepetitionoftheoldertype.93.According