2022年江西省景德鎮(zhèn)市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)模擬考試(含答案)

2022年江西省景德鎮(zhèn)市大學(xué)英語(yǔ)6級(jí)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)模擬考試(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

Inadditiontotheone-yearpostdocatWashingtonUniversity,Freelandrunsawebsiteforphysicists______.

2.

______ishighlyadvisedbeforethedecisiononthecolorschemeisdecidedandpracticalpaintingworksinitiates.

3.

Accordingtothepassage,tubewormsliveon______.

4.

Theresearchersarenowtryingtofigureout______.

A.whetherobservedantibodiescanblocktheinfectionofHIV

B.whetherthecombinationofvaccinesstimulatesnewmolecules

C.whetherthecombinationofvaccinescanworkwell

D.whetherthecombinationofvaccinescouldbetestedinnormalpeople

5.WhyAreYouLaughing?

Manistheonlyanimalthatlaughs.Wilyisthistrue?Whatmakesusrespondaswedotopleasurableexperiences?Whatisthehistoryofthis"happyconvulsion(痙攣)",assomeoneoncetermedit,andjustwhatisitsfunction?

Wearenotshortoftheoriestoexplainthemystery;forcenturies,biologists,philosophers,psychologistsandmedicalmenhavesoughtadefinitiveexplanationoflaughter.Onewritertheorizedthatitsfunctionistointimidateothersortogainstatureoverthembyhumiliatingthem.Anothertooktheoppositeview:thatwelaughinordernottocry.Apsychologistofferedtheexplanationthatlaughterfunctionsasaremedyforpainfulexperiences,andthatitservestodefendapersonagainstwhatthepsychologisttermed:"themanyminorpainstowhichmanisexposed".Intheseventeenthcenturyawritersetforththetheorythatwelaughwhenwecompareourselveswithothersandfindourselvessuperior:ineffect,welaughatthefrailtyofothers.

Virtuallyeverytheoryhasconcernedwitheitherthestructureorthefunctionoflaughter,whereasrelativelyfewhavebeendevotedtothequestionofitsorigin.Iproposetoofferatheorywhich,sofarasIamaware,hasnotpreviouslybeensetforth,thatonlythoseanimalscapableofspeecharecapableoflaughter,andthatthereforeman,beingtheonlyanimalthatspeaks,istheonlyanimalthatlaughs.

Thoseofuswhohaveobservedchimpanzeescloselyfeelquiteconfidentthatthechimpanzeeoccasionallyexhibitsbehavior.thatlooksverymuchlikeaprimitivehumanlaughter.Thisbehavior,however,hasbeenobservedonlyinahumancontext;whetherornotitoccursundernaturalconditionsisdubious;buttheveryfactthatunderanyconditionsanapeiscapableofsuchbehavior.ismorethanpassinginterest—fordoesitnotindicatethatearlymanhadtherudiments(初級(jí)階段)oflaughter?

Laughterisdefinedasanemotionalresponse,expressivenormallyofjoy,involvingcharacteristicsoundsofthevoiceandmovementsofthefeaturesandthebody.Thejoymaytaketheform.ofgladness,amusement,ridicule,andsoon.WhyshouldlaughterbeasintimatelyassociatedwiththepowerofspeechasIhavesuggested?Speechistheverbal,orvocal,expressionofsymbolsandtherelationsbetweensymbols.Probablyataboutthesametimespeechevolved,laughteroriginatedtoo,asakindofsemiverbalizedsocialexpressionofpleasure.Withthedevelopmentofspeech,thenumberofoccasionsproducingsuddenexperiencesofpleasureincreased,and,sincelaughterwascloselyassociatedwithspeech,manhadthismeansofexpressinghispleasure.Havingbrokenthe"soundbarrier",asitwere,mancouldexpresswithlaughterwhatotheranimalscouldnot.Sincetheloweranimalshadnospeech,theyencounteredfewerpleasurablesituationsand,furthermore,wereunabletolaughnomatterwhatthestimulation.

Oncethefirstlaughterhadbeenlaughedbyprimitiveman,withsuchapparentlypleasurableeffectsallaround,laughterbegantotakeonanintrinsicvaluewithinthesocietyofman.Thepersonpossessingtheabilitytocommunicatepleasureinaloudlaughbegantoenjoysocialadvantagesoverhismoreseriouscolleagues;hebecamea"goodmixer",sociallyselectedandlikedbysociety.Thustheprocessofnaturalselectionwouldtendtooperateinfavorofthoseabletoexpresstheirpleasurablestatesinlaughter,ascomparedwiththosenotsoable.Throughoutthecourseofevolution,laughterwouldbecomeestablishedthroughoutthehumanspeciesasafunctionofsociologicalandpsychologicalvalue.

Thuslaughtergraduallybecameestablishedasacapacityamongvirtuallyallhumanbeings.Inaddition,laughter'sinfectiousquality,helpeddistributeitasacharacteristiccommontoallmankind.Laughterwasadvantageous;thereforeitsu

A.YB.NC.NG

6.Twins

Thesamefactorsthatgiverisetouncannyphysicalsimilaritiesbetweentwins--similaritiesaremirroredingeneticsimilaritiesthatcanhavemorenegativeimpact.AustralianresearcherDavidHayhasfoundthatonetypeofidenticaltwinseemstobeplaguedwithdevelopmentaldifficulties,especiallyinlanguageacquisition,andthatbothparentsandteachersaddtothesedifficultiesbyrespondingmorepositivelytotheolderofthetwo.

Hayhasfoundthatjustasmanyidenticaltwinsare"mirrorimages"ofoneanother--withthefacialstructure,dominanthandandevenfingerprintsofoneexactlyreversedintheother---theirbrainsalsoseemtoreflectthesamephenomenon.

QuestionsaboutIdenticalTwins

"Itisalmostimpossibletofindidenticalpairs(oftwinswiththesamebrainstructure),"saysHay,whopresentedsomeofhisfindingsontwinsattheInternationalSocietyforTwinStudyConferenceinAmsterdaminSeptember."Thereisgenerallynorelationshipbetweenhowtheirbrainsfunction;thetwinsworkandthinkdifferently.""Thelefthalfofthebraincontrolslanguageskillsinonetwinwhileintheotheritistherighthalf,"hecontinues."Soonetwinmayhavedifficultyinthereceptionoflanguageandtheotherincommunication."

"Westillhavepilesofquestionsaboutidenticaltwins,"headds.

Hayheadsoneoftheworld'slargeststudiesontwinsatLaTrobeUniversityinMelbourne,andhasstudied587setsoftwinsandtheirsiblingsoverthelast10years.Hehasfoundthatbothgeneticandsocialfactorscombinetoputtwinsatadisadvantage,butthatstepscanbetakentosettheyoungstersonthepathtonormaldevelopment.Thetwinswhoexperiencethebulkoftheproblemsarethesecondoftwotypesofidenticaltwins,saysHay.Thefirsttype,comprisingone-thirdofallidenticaltwins,resultswhenthefertilizedeggsplitsthreetofourdaysafterconception.Theseembryoshaveseparateplacentas.Thesecondgroupformswhentheeggdividesfourtoeightdaysafterconception.Theysharethesameplacenta,andare"mirrorimage"twinsinabout70percentofthecases.Thisgroupisatthehighestriskforarangeofsocialandlearningproblems,aswellasforcongenitalabnormalitiessuchasspinalbifidaandcleftpalate.Haypointsoutthattwinstraditionallyhavebeenknowntohavedifficultiesacquiringlanguagesills."They'reolderwhentheysaytheirfirstword,theirsentencesareshorterandbabytalkpersistslongerthatitdoeswithotherchildren,'hesays."Theyarealsoknowntodevelopasecretlanguagetheyusetocommunicatewithoneanother."Hayhasfoundthatthisexclusivelanguageisusuallytheresultofonetwinomittinglettersandsyllablesasheorshehurriestogetamessageacrossbeforetheotheroneinterrupts."Inasensetheirlanguageisveryadaptivetotheirownenvironment,butunfortunately,maladaptivetoothersituations,"hesays."Untilrecentlyitwasbelievedlanguageproblemsgraduallydiminisheduntilaroundthetimeofstartingschoolforallchildren.Butnowitappearsthattwinsinparticulardevelopashakyfoundationinthisareathathastobecorrectedearly."

ProblemswithTwinBoys

Hayhasalsofoundthat"mirrorimage"identicaltwinboysareespeciallyatalossintryingtopickuplanguageskillsinschool.Theyareatadoubledisadvantage,henotes,becauseboysarenormallysloweratlanguageacquisitionthangirlsare.AccordingtoHay,asmanyas90percentofthe"mirrorimage"boysatprimarylevelhadsomereadingproblemswhile23percentwereseriouslylearning-disabled.Butenvironmentalfactorscontributeevenmoreheavilytotwins'troubles,Haybelieves.Identicaltwins,hisresearchshows,havecausetochallengetheirparents'fairness.Parentstendtolavishmoretimeandattentiononthefirst-borntwin,whoiso

A.YB.NC.NG

7.

Tosolvetheproblemofparking,weneedthecartodriveitselftothenearestparkingstructureafter______.

8.Fromthequizresearchersfindthatmostpeoplearequiteconfidentabouttheirfeelingsinthe______.

9.

Howcanweknowwhetherourplannedretirementspendingwillwork?

A.Wecanusesomeon-lineretirementcalculators.

B.Wecanasksomepeoplewhohavealreadyretired.

C.Wecantrytolivebelowourmeans.

D.Wecanconductakindofexperimentofthatlife.

10.In1944,governmentofficialswereinterestedinFuller'sfamilydwellingbecauseitcouldbe______.

11.

Itissaidthatgivinggoodtelephonehelpsincrease______.

12.

AlmosthalfoftheNegroslavesdiedduringthevoyagebecauseoftheterribleconditionstheyhadtoendure.

A.YB.NC.NG

13.

Thefederalgovernmentencouragespeopletobuyhybridsbygivingtheownersaone-time______.

14.

Televisionhas______onpeople'scharacter.

A.apositiveeffect

B.anegativeeffect

C.noeffect

D.sbeneficialeffect

15.

Tocurethesnoringproblems,surgerycanbeusedtoimprove______.

16.

Oilinthisworldwillbeexhaustedoneday,inthefuture,butthatmaynotcomesosoonaswewouldsuppose.

A.YB.NC.NG

17.

AccordingtotheUSDA,______tendtobereducedinOrganicfoodproduction.

18.

Inadditiontotheworkwithlocalagency,afosterparentneedstomeetthefosterchild's________.

19.TheicetonguegrowingoutfromtheGreenlandcoastusedtorejectsaltbackintothewater,making______heavierandhelpingittosink.

20.

During1876and1889,MarkTwainwrote______booksforwhichheismostfamous.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.【B2】

22.

【B6】

23.(46)

24.(32)

A.Becauseitiseasierfortheparentstodoso.

B.Becausetheteachersmaynotpermitthelatersolution.

C.Becausechildrenmaypreferit.

D.Becauseitwillgivechildrenachancefordoingsomethingchallenging.

25.(43)

26.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

聽力原文：W:Whyareyouleavingsoearly?Themoviedoesn'tstarttillseven.

M:Idon'twanttobeatthetrafficthere.It'sanightmareontheexpresswayduringrushhour.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(12)

A.Hedoesn'tusuallygetupat7:00.

B.Hedoesn'tknowthewaytothetheater.

C.Hewantstogoearlytoavoidatrafficjam.

D.Heleavesthetheaterbeforethemovieisover.

27.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

BorninNorthCarolinain1862,WilliamSidneyPorter,thismasterofshortstoriesismuchbetterknownunderhispenname"O.Henry".Hisonly【B1】______educationwasreceivedattheschoolofhisAuntLinda,wherehedevelopeda【B2】______loveofbooks.Inhisuncle'sdrugstore,hebecamea【B3】______pharmacistandwasalsoknownforhis【B4】______andcartoonsofthetownspeople,ofGreensboro.Attheageoftwenty,PortercametoTexas【B5】______forhealthreasonsandworkedonasheepfarm.ItwasherethatPorter【B6】______knowledgeforfarmlifethathelater【B7】______inmanyofhisshortstories.In1884,PortermovedtoAustin.Forthenextthreeyears,heroomedinthehomeoftheJosephHarrellfamilyandheldseveraljobs.ItwasduringthistimethatPorterfirstusedhispenname,O.Henrysaidtobederivedfromhisfrequent【B8】______of"Oh,Henry",thefamilycat.【B9】______.Meanwhile,【B10】______.FromthislowpointinPorter'slife,hebeganaremarkablecomeback.Threeyearslater,heemergedfromprisonas"O.Henry"tohelpshieldhistrueidentity.【B11】______.

【B1】

28.【B6】

29.(31)

A.Understandwhattheirstaffarefeelingbyunderstandingtheirbodylanguage.

B.Learnmoretheculturalbackgroundoftheirstaffthroughtheirbodylanguage.

C.Creategoodworkingconditionsbyusingproperbodylanguage.

D.Spendalotoftimeinstudyingbodylanguage.

30.(24)

A.Shewassick.

B.Shelostherjob.

C.Shesaidgoodbyetoherboyfriend.

D.Shefailedintheinterview.

31.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

聽力原文：Opinionsvarywidelyconcerningworkplaceromances.Someorganizations,ontheassumptionthatromanticrelationshipsarebasicallyharmfultothesuccessoftheworkplace,haveexplicitrules(36)prohibitingsuchrelationships.

Onthepositiveside,theworkenvironmentseemsaperfectplacetomeetapotentialromanticpartner.Afterall,by(37)virtueofthefactthatyou'reworkinginthesameoffice,you'reprobablybothinterestedinthesamefield,havesimilartrainingand(38)ambitions,andwillspend(39)considerabletimetogether—allfactorsthat(40)fosterthedevelopmentofasuccessfulinterpersonalrelationship.

Similarly,officeromancescanleadtogreaterwork(41)satisfaction.Iftherelationshipisagoodoneandonethatis(42)mutuallysatisfying,theindividualsarelikelytodevelopempathyforeachotherandactinwaysthataresupportive,(43)cooperative,andfriendly.

However,evenwhentherelationshipisagoodoneforthetwoindividuals,itmaynotbegoodforotherworkers.(44)Seeingthelovingcoupleeverydayineverywaymaygenerateofficegossipthatmayprovedestructive.

Whentheromancegoesbadorwhenit'sone-sided,thereareevenmoredisadvantages.Oneobviousproblemisthat(45)itcanbestressfulfortheformerpartnerstoseeeachotherregularlyandperhapstoworktogether.Otherworkersmayfeeltheyhavetotakesides,beingsupportiveofonepartnerandcriticaloftheother.Thiscaneasilycausefrictionthroughouttheorganization.(46)Anotherandperhapsmoreseriousissueisthepotentialforchargesofsexualharassment,especiallyiftheromanceisbetweenasupervisorandaworker.

Opinionsvarywidelyconcerningworkplaceromance.Someorganizations,ontheassumptionthatromanticrelationshipsarebasicallyharmfultothesuccessoftheworkplace,haveexplicitrules【36】suchrelationships.

Onthepositiveside,theworkenvironmentseemsaperfectplacetomeetapotentialromanticpartner.Afterall,by【37】ofthefactthatyou'reworkinginthesameoffice,you'reprobablybothinterestedinthesamefield,havesimilartrainingand【38】,andwillspend【39】timetogether-allfactorsthat【40】thedevelopmentofasuccessfulinterpersonalrelationship.

Similarly,officeromancescanleadtogreaterwork【41】Iftherelationshipisagoodoneandonethatis【42】satisfying,theindividualsarelikelytodevelopempathyforeachotherandactinwaysthataresupportive,【43】,andfriendly.

However,evenwhentherelationshipisagoodoneforthetwoindividuals,itmaynotbegoodforotherworkers.【44】.

Whentheromancegoesbadorwhenit'sone-sided,thereareevenmoredisadvantages.Oneobviousproblemisthat【45】.Otherworkersmayfeeltheyhavetotakesides,beingsupportiveofonepartnerandcriticaloftheother.Thiscaneasilycausefrictionthroughouttheorganization.【46】especiallyiftheromanceisbetweenasupervisorandaworker.

(37)

32.聽力原文：W:Dr.Weinstein,shouldparentslettheirchildrenwatchtelevisionorreadaboutthewar?

M:Ifparentsaregoingtolettheirkidsreadorwatchtelevisioncoverageofthewar,it'simportantforthemtoreadalongandhelptheirkidsinterpretwhatthey'rereadingorseeing.

Q:Whatshouldparentsdoiftheirchildrenwatchtelevisionorreadaboutthewar?

(16)

A.Toencouragethem.

B.Tostopthemimmediately,

C.Togivesomeexplanation.

D.Toleavethemalone.

33.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Tobesuccessfulinajob【B1】______,youshould【B2】______certainpersonalandprofessionalqualities.Youneedtocreateagoodimageinthelimitedtime【B3】______,usuallyfrom30to45minutes.Youmustmakeapositive【B4】______whichtheinterviewerwillrememberwhileheinterviewsother【B5】______.Thefollowingaresomequalitiesyoushouldespeciallypayattentiontoduringaninterview.Firstofall,youshouldtakecaretoappeartobeproperlydressed.Therightclotheswornattherighttimecanwintherespectofthe【B6】______andhis【B7】______inyourjudgment.Itmaynotbetruethatclothesmaketheman.Butthefirstandoftenlastimpressionofyouis【B8】______bytheclothesyouwear.Secondly,【B9】______.Youshouldreflectconfidencebyspeakinginaclearvoice,【B10】______.youshouldbepreparedtotalkknowledgeablyabouttherequirementsofthepositionyouareapplyingfor.Finally,tobereallyimpressive【B11】______.Ifyoudisplaythesecharacteristics,withjustalittleluck,you'llcertainlysucceedinthetypicalpersonalinterview.

【B1】

34.聽力原文：M:NodoubtyouhavealreadyheardofthepassingofMr.Johnson.

W:Yes.serviceswillbeheldforhimtomorrowatSt.Luke'schurch.

Q:WhatisknownaboutMr.Johnson?

(18)

A.Hehasjustbeendead.

B.Hewenthomeafterchurch.

C.Hehasnotfeltwelllately.

D.Hewillattendchurchtomorrow.

35.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Advertisingisacollectivetermforpublicannouncementsdesignedto【B1】______thesaleofspecificcommoditiesorservices.Advertisingisaform.ofmassselling,employedwhentheuseofdirect,person-to-personsellingis【B2】______impossible,orsimplyinefficient.Itistobe【B3】______fromotheractivitiesintendedtopersuadethepublic,suchas【B4】______,publicity,andpublicrelations.Advertisingtechniquesrangein【B5】______fromthepublishingofsimple,【B6】______noticesinpaperstotheconcerteduseofnewspapers,magazines,television,radio,directmail,andothercommunicationsmediainthecourseofasingleadvertisingcampaign.Fromits【B7】______beginningsinancienttimes,advertisinghasbecomeaworldwideindustry.

AdvertisingfallsintotwomainCategories:consumeradvertising,directedtotheultimatepurchaser,andtradeadvertising,inwhichtheappealismadetodealersthroughtrade【B8】______andothermedia.

【B9】______.Arelativelyminor,butimportant,form.ofadvertisingisinstitutionaladvertising,whichisdesignedsolelytobuildprestigeandpublicrespectforparticularbusinessconcerns.【B10】______Nationaladvertisersoccasionallysharethesamespaceinmagazineadvertising.

Advertisingmaybelocal,national,orinternationalinscope.【B11】______:varyingratesaresetalsobynewspapersforamusement,legal,political,financial,religious,andcharitableadvertisements.

【B1】

36.

【B5】

37.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Theoriginsofbottledwatercanbe【B1】______backtotheearliest【B2】______.Wellawareofwater'shealthfacts,theRomanssearchedforanddevelopedsourcesastheysetabout【B3】______theirempire.

Thespamovementthatbeganto【B4】______inEuropeintheeighteenthcenturyhaditsoriginsinbathsdatingfromRomantimes.Scienceand【B5】______toutednaturalmineralwater's【B6】______effectsforbathing,showeringanddrinking.Forexample,asearlyas1760,peoplecametoContrexevilleinFranceforacureto【B7】______kidneystones.Thespatraditionwasalsodevelopinginmanyothercountries,includingItalyandtheAmericas.

ColdspawaterswerebottledforthefirsttimeinFranceinthe1850s.ThelegalpermittobottleVittelGrandeSourcenaturalmineralwaterwas【B8】______searlyas1855.

【B9】__________________________.In1845,PolandSpringwaterwasbottledforsaleinthreegallondemi-johns.InSouthAmerica,SaoLourencobottledwaterappearedinBrazilin1890.【B10】_____________________thehautebourgeoisie,captainsofindustry,politicians,royalty,andsoon.Itwasbottledinglassorstoneware,withporcelainorcorkstoppers.Bythemid-nineteenthcentury,however,【B11】____________________________.Bottlingmethodschangedasconsumptionspread,andbythemid-twentiethcentury,globalproductionhadclimbedtoseveralhundredmillionbottles.

【B1】

38.(19)

A.Thegamehasbeencanceled.

B.Theirteamplayedverybadly.

C.Footballisherfavoritepastime.

D.She'sneverwatchedabettergame.

39.(45)

40.聽力原文：Hundredsofspeciesofmarinelifemanagetosurviveeveninthedarkestdepthsoftheocean.Thesetenantsoftheseahaveevolvedsomeextremelyingeniousdevicesforlocatingtheirfoodandenemies.

Wherethelightisverydim,someofthesedeepwaterspecieshavedevelopedenormouseyeswithalmosttelescopiclenses,verymuchlikethoseofowls.Others,especiallythefishthatsurvivewherethereisnolightatall,arequiteblindbuthavedevelopedlongfeelersthatenablethemtoidentifyandcollectstraybitsoffoodthatcomewithinaconsiderableradiusofthem.

Someinhabitantsoftheseasupplytheirownlight.Theyhavebuilt-intorchesthattheycanswitchonandoff,dependingonwhethertheyarepursuingorbeingpursued.Somehaveregularlamps,spotsofsteadylight,whichspreadafaintglowthroughthewateraroundthem.Onedeepwatersquid(魷魚)cansprayaluminousfluidthatlightsupitsimmediatevicinity,aneatvariationontheinkejectedbyitscousinsnearerthesurfacetobecloudanddarkenthewater.Itissupposedthatabouthalfofthevarietiesoffishlivinginthedarkdepthsoftheoceanhavesomepowerofillumination.

(30)

A.Supplytheirownlight.

B.Locatefoodandenemies.

C.Compensateforthelackoflight.

D.BothBandC.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Didyouknowthatallhumanbeingshavea"comfortzone"regulatingthedistancestheystandfromsomeonewhentheytalk?Thisdistancevariesininterestingwaysamongpeopleofdifferentcultures.

Greeks,othersoftheEasternMediterranean,andmanyofthosefromSouthAmericanormallystandquiteclosetogetherwhentheytalk,oftenmovingtheirfacesevencloserastheywarmupinaconversation.NorthAmericansfindthisawkwardandoftenbackawayafewinches.Studieshavefoundthattheytendtofeelmostcomfortableatabout21inchesapart.InmuchofAsiaandAfrica,thereisevenmorespacebetweentwospeakersinconversation.Thisgreaterspacesubtlylendsanairofdignityandrespect.Thismatterofspaceisnearlyalwaysunconscious,butitisinterestingtoobserve.

Thisdifferenceappliesalsototheclosenesswithwhichpeoplesittogether,theextenttowhichtheyleanoveroneanotherinconversation,howtheymoveastheyargueormakeanemphaticpoint.IntheUnitedStates,forexample,peopletrytokeeptheirbodiesaparteveninacrowdedelevator;inPadstheytakeitasitcomes!

AlthoughNorthAmericanshavearelativelywide"comfortzone"fortalking,theycommunicateagreatdealwiththeirhands—notonlywithgesturebutalsowithtouch.Theyputasympathetichandonaperson'sshouldertodemonstratewarmthoffeelingoranarmaroundhiminsympathy;theynudgeamanintheribstoemphasizeafunnystory;theypatanarminreassuranceorstrokeachildhoodinaffection;theyreadilytakesomeone'sarmtohelphimacrossastreetordirecthimalonganunfamiliarroute.Tomanypeople—especiallythosefromAsiaortheMoslemcountries—suchbodilycontactisunwelcome,especiallyifinadvertently(無心地)donewiththelefthand.(ThelefthandcarriesnospecialsignificanceintheU.S.ManyAmericansaresimplylefthandedandusethathandmore.)

Intermsofbodilydistance,NorthAmericansfeelillateasewhen______.

42.

It'sobservedthatachildmustadoptresponsesapprovedby______.

43.

Accordingtothepassage,alinguistichierarchyofpoweris______.

A.aladde