2012年12月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)聽(tīng)力第二套

ShehasbeeninvitedtogiveaSheisgoingtomeetthemanatShecannotattendtheShecannotworkbecauseofherHeisaverysuccessfulHehaschangedhisbusinessHeismakingnstoexpandhisHewastwentywhenhetookovertheShehaseveryconfidenceinShehasnotreadthenewsontheSheisalittlebitsurprisedattheSheisnotasbrightanddiligentas15.A)ItismorecomfortableandconvenienttotakeaItisworththemoneytakingatraintoItisnotalwayscheapergoingbyItisfastertogotoMiamibyAntiquescanimprovetheirPreservationofantiquesisTheoldfurnitureshouldhereTheyshouldmoveintoanewAllroadswereclosedbecauseoftheThemanstayedatthelabthewholeThemangothomelateduetotheThestormuntilManychildrenfeelboredwhenleftThewoman’ssonsmightenjoyteamThewoman’5kidscanysoccerwithhisChildrenshouldysportsatleastonceaLongConversationOneMakephonecallstopromoteArrangebusinessHandlecomintsfromTakeordersovertheTheyhaddifferentbusinessCustomersoftenmistookoneforthesbetweenthemcouldnotbeproperlyCustomers’questionscouldnotbeansweredonthesameTheyeachtakeaTheyliketospenditTheyhavetotakeitbyTheyaregiventwoweekseach·LongConversationTwoAtaroadOutsideaNearaInfrontofaHedrovetoofasttoreadHedidnotnoticeItsays45anIt15notclearly24.A)ItshouldhavebeenrenewedtwomonthsItactuallybelongstosomebodyItisnolongerIt15notHegotaHewasHehadhisdriver’slicenseHehadtodotwoweeks,communitySectionBPassageOneQuestions26to29arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustTheycaremoreaboutanitem’spricethanitsTheygrabwhatevertheythinkisagood eexcitedasiftheyhadneverbeenTheybehaveasiftheirmemorieshavefailedThosewithaVIPThosewith15itemsorThoseneedingThosepayinginGobackandpickupmoreTakeoutsomeunwantedChangetheitemstheyhavepickedCalculatethetotalcostoftheItcallsforItrequiresItneedsagoodknowledgeofItinvolvescommunicationsPassageQuestions30to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustApackageofideasformallyAshortpresentationclearlyAnaturalandspontaneousstyleofAcleveruseofvisualaidsinTheskillfuluseofgesturesandfacialDifferencesinstylebetweenwritingandDifferentpreferencesofTheimportanceofThedifferencesbetweenAmericanandAsianThesignificanceofcross-culturalTheincreasingimportanceofpublicThekey ingagoodPassageThreeBycomparinghisperformancewithBybeingrepeatedlycorrectedbyByobservingwhattheirteachersBybeinggivenconstantThebeststudentsareusuallysmartbyItisonlynaturalforchildrentomakeChildrencannotdetecttheirownAllchildrenshouldhaveequalItisfavorabletoknowledgeItisbeneficialtoindependentItisunhealthytostudents’Itisunhelpfultostudents’SectionTimeis,fortheaverageAmerican,ofutmostimportance.Tothe(36) visitor,Americansseemtobemoreconcernedwithgettingthings(37) ontime(accordingtoapredeterminedschedule)thantheyarewithdevelodeep(38) relations.Schedules,fortheAmerican,aremeanttobennedandthenfollowedinthesmallest(39) ItmayseemtoyouthatmostAmericansarecompley(40) bythelittlemachinestheywearontheirwrists,cuttingtheirdiscussionsoff(41) tomakeittotheirnextappointmentontime.Americans’languageisfilledwith(42) totime,givingaclear(43) ofhowmuchitisvalued.Timeissomethingtobe“on,”tobe“kept,”“filled,”“saved,”“wasted,”“gained,”“nned,”“given,”“madethemostof,”evenTheinternationalvisitorsoonlearnsthat TimeissovaluedinAmerica,becausebyconsideringtimetobeimportantonecanclearlyachievemorethanifone“wastes”timeanddoesn’tkeepbusy.Thisphilosophyhasprovenits .ManyAmericanproverbsstressthevalueofguardingtime,usingitwisely,andsettingandworkingtowardspecificgoals.(46) W:Ijustheardaboutareallybeautifulparkintheeastendofthetown.TherearealotofrosesinM:Whydon’twewalkoverthereandseeforourselves?Q:Whatwillthespeakersprobablydo?M:Mypresentationisscheduledfor9:30tomorrowmorningatthelecturehall.IhopetoseeyouW:Oh,sorry.IwasabouttolyouthatIhaveanappointmentwithmydentistat9:00o’clockQ:WhatdowelearnabouttheW:HowlonghaveyoubeenrunningthisM:Twentyyearsifyoucanbelievethat.Ibroughtitfromasmalloperationtowhatitistoday.Q:Whatdowelearnabouttheman?M:Haveyoureadthenewsonthecampusnet?Susanhaswonthescholarshipfornextyear.W:Iknewshewouldfromtheverybeginning.Suchabrilliantanddiligentgirl!Shecertainlydeservesit.Q:WhatdoesthewomanW:TakingabustoMiami,it’scheaperthangoingbyM:That’strue.ButI’dratherpayalittlemorefortheaddedcomfortandconvenience.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?M:Ithinkit’stimewegotridofallthisoldW:You’reright.Weneedtopromoteourimagebesidesit’snotarealantique.Q:Whatdothespeakersmean?M:Thatwassomestormyesterday.HowwasIafraidIcouldn’tmakeitW:Yeah,mostoftheroadstomyhousewereflooded.Ididn’tgethomefromthelabuntilQ:WhatdowelearnfromtheW:Myboysarealwayscominingthatthey’reM:Whydon’tyougetthemintosometeamsports?MysonanddaughterysoccereverySaturday.Andtheybothlookforwardtoitallweek.Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?Conversation1W:SoJohn,IhearyouandArthurshareajob,don’tM:Yes.We’vesharedasalesjobatSonatechforabouttwoyearsnow.W:Well,howdoyoudivideupyourschedule?M:Youknowwearebothsalesrepresentatives,andwetakeordersoverthephone.Whenwestartedjobsharingitwasdifficult,becausewebothworkedalldayMonday.IworkedTuesdayandThursdayandArthurworkedWednesdayandFriday.TheproblemwasthatwhenIwasintheofficeonTuesday.Iwouldtalktopeople,thentheywouldcallbackonWednesdaywithaquestion.ButArthurcouldn’tanswerthequestionandhecouldn’taskmeaboutitbecauseIwasn’tintheoffice.Sohehadtoaskthepeopletocallmebackthenextday,Thursday.Ofcourse,theydidn’tliketowaituntilthenextdaytohavetheirquestionsanswered.W:Yes,thatsoundslikeaproblem.M:So,finallywedecidedthatArthurwouldworkinthemorningsandIwouldworkinafternoons.Nowifsomeonecallswiththequestionformeinthemorning,Arthurlsthemtocallmeintheafternoon.Thisway,peoplegettheirquestionsansweredthesameday.W:WhatdoyoudoaboutM:Well,Sonatechgivestheusualtwoweeksofvacationtofull-timeemployees,ItakeaweekandArthurtakesaweek.W:Itsoundslikejobsharinghasworkedoutwellforyou.M:Yes,ithas.Wearebothhappywithit.Q19.WhatdoJohnandauthordoatQ20.WhatproblemdidJohnandArthurhavewhentheystartedjobQ21.WhatdoesJohnsayabouttheirannualvacation?Conversation2W:MayIseeyourlicense,M:Butofficer,didIdosomethingW:Doyoumeantosayyoudidn’tseethespeedlimitsignbackthere?M:Um,no,madam,IguessIdidn’t.W:Inotherwords,youdrovebytoofasttoreadit.Thesignsays35m/h.Aschoolisjustnearby,youknow?M:Don’tgetmewrong,butmyspeedometerdidn’treadmuchfasterthanW:Then,whyisitthatmyradarshowedyouaregoing45?Letmeputitanotherway.I’mgoingtogiveyouaticket.Again,mayIseeyourlicense,please?M:Hereitis,officer.Butletmeexin.IwaslateforanimportantappointmentandIwasworriedthatIwouldn’tmakeitontime.So…W:Uha,justaminute,here.Yourlicenseisnolongervalid.Youshouldhaverenewedittwoweeksago.I’mgoingtohavetowriteyouupforthat,too.M:What?W:Yourlicense esinvalidonyourbirthdayandthatwastwoweeksagoaccordingtothedatehere.Youareinviolationofthelaw—drivingwithoutavalidlicense.M:I’msorry,madam.Ihadn’trealizedW:Here’stheticketfornothavingavalidlicense.ButI’monlygoingtogiveyouawarningaboutexceedingthespeedlimit.Becarefulnexttime.M:Yes,madam,officer,Iwill.ThankQ22.Wherewasthemanstoppedbytheofficer?Q23.Whatdidthemanclaimaboutthespeedlimitsign?Q24.Whatdidthewomansayabouttheman’sdrivinglicense?Q25.Whatwastheman’spenalty?SectionBPassageSinceIstartedworkingpart-timeatagrocerystore,Ihavelearnedthatacustomerismorethansomeonewhobuysomething.Tome,acustomerisawhosememoryfailsentirelyonceheorshestartstopushashopcard.Oneofthefirstthingscustomersforgetishowtocount.Thereisnootherwaytoexinhowsomanypeoplegetintheirexpressline,whichisclearlymarked15itemsorless,with20,25orevenacartloadofitems.Customersalsoforgetwhytheycametothestoreinthefirstce.JustasIfinishringingupanorder,acustomerwillsay,“Oops,Iforgottopickupafreshloafofbread.Ihopeyoudon’tmindwaitingwhileIgogetit.”Fiveminuteslater,he’sbackwiththebread,abottleofmilk,andthreerollsoftowels.Strangeisthatseemscustomersalsoseemtoforgetthattheyhavetopayfortheirgroceries.InsteadofwritingacheckorlookingforacreditcardwhileIamringingupthegroceries,mycustomerswillwaituntilIannouncethetotal.Then,insurprise,shesays,“Ohno,whatdidIdowithmycheckbook?”After5minutesofdiggingthroughherpurse,sheborrowsmypenbecauseshe’sforgottenhers.ButIhavetobetolerantofcustomersbecausetheypaymysalary,andthat’ssomethingIcan’taffordtoforget.Q26.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutcustomers’enteringthegrocerystore?Q27.Whichcustomersaresupposedtobeintheexpressline?Q28.Whatdoesthespeakersaysomecustomersdowhentheyarriveatthecheck-outcounter?Q29.Whatdoesthespeakersayabouthisjobattheendofthetalk?PassageThespeechdeliverystyleofEuropeansandAsianstendstobeveryformal.Speakersoftheseculturesoftenreadoralpresentationsfromcarefullyretainmanualscripts.OntheotherAmericanspeakersaregenerallymoreinformalrelativetospeakersandothercultures.Americanaudiencesprefernatural,spontaneousdeliverythatconveysalivelysenseofcommunication.Theydon’trelaywelltospeakerswhoreadfromamanualscript.Ifyouuseanoutlineofideasinsteadofapreparetext,yourspeechwillnotonlysoundmorenatural,butyouwillalsobeabletoestablishbetterrelationshipwithyourlistenersandkeeptheirattention.Thelanguageandstyleyouusewhenmakinganoralpresentationshouldnotbethesameasthelanguageinstyleyouusewhenwriting.Wellretaininformation,thatismeanttoberead,doesnotworkaswellwhenitisheard.Itis,therefore,importantforyoutoadaptretaintextsoroutlinesforpresentations.Goodspeakersaremuchmoreinformalwhenspeakingthanwhenwriting.Theyalsousetheirownwordsanddeveloptheirownspeakingstyles.Wheneverpossible,theyuseshortwords.Listenersareappreciatedwhenspeakersusesimple,everydaywordsinapresentation.Oneadvantageisthatitismucheasierforspeakerstopronounceshortwordscorrectly.Anotheristhatlongandsophisticatedvocabularychoicesmakelisteningmoredifficult.Question30to32WhatdoesthespeakersayAmericanaudiencesWhatshouldonepayattentiontowhenmakinganoralWhatdoesthespeakerfocusoninthePassageLetchildrenlearntojudgetheirownAchildlearningtotalkdoesnotlearnbybeingcorrectedallthetime.Ifcorrectedtoomuch,hewillstoptalking.Hecomparesathousandtimesadaythedifferencebetweenlanguageasheusesitandlanguageasthosearoundhimuseit.Bitbybit,hemakesthenecessarychangestomakehislanguagelikeotherpeople’s.Inthesameway,kidslearningtodoalltheotherthingstheylearnwithoutadultteachers,towalk,run,climb,rideabike,ygames,comparetheirownperformancewithwhatmoreskilledpeopledo,andslowlymaketheneededchanges.Butinschoolwenevergiveachildachancetodetecthismistakes.Wedoitallforhim.Weactasifwethoughthewouldnevernoticeamistakeunlessitwaspointedouttohim.Soonhe dependentontheexpert.Weshouldlethimdoithimself.Lethimfigureout,withthehelpofotherchildrenifhewantsit,whatthiswordsays,whatistheanswertothatproblem,whetherthisisagoodwayofsayingorngthisorthat.Ifrightanswersneedtobegiven,asinmathematicsorscience,givehimtheanswerbook.Lethimcorrecthisownpapers.Whyshouldweteacherswastetimeonsuchtediouswork?Ourjobshouldbetohelpthechildrenwhentheylusthattheycan’tfindthewaytogettherightanswer.Question33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustQ33Howdoesachildlearntodosomethingaccordingtothespeaker?Q34Whatbeliefdoteacherscommonlyholdaccordingtothespeaker?Q35Whatdoesthespeakerimplyaboutthecurrentwayofteaching?SectionTimeis,fortheaverageAmerican,ofutmostimportance.Totheforeignvisitor,Americansseemtobemoreconcernedwithgettingthings plishedontime(accordingtoapredeterminedschedule)thantheyarewithdevelodeepinteralrelations.Schedules,fortheAmerican,aremeanttobennedandthenfollowedinthesmallestdetail.ItmayseemtoyouthatmostAmericansarecompleycontrolledbythelittlemachinestheywearontheirwrists,cuttingtheirdiscussionsoffabruptlytomakeittotheirnextappointmentonAmericans’languageisfilledwithreferencestotime,givingaclearindicationofhowmuchisvalued.Timeissomethingtobe“on,”tobe“kept,”“filled,”“saved,”“wasted,”“gained,”“nned,”“given,”“madethemostof,”even“killed.”Theinternationalvisitorsoonlearnsthatitisconsideredveryrudetobelate—evenby10minutes—foranappointmentinAmerica.TimeissovaluedinAmerica,becausebyconsideringtimetobeimportantonecanclearlyachievemorethanifone“wastes”timeanddoesn’tkeepbusy.Thisphilosophyhasprovenitsworth.IthasenabledAmericanstobeextremelyproductive,andproductivityitselfishighlyvaluedinAmerica.Many