新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)筆記第43課

課43第-新概念英語(yǔ)第二冊(cè)筆記．飛越南Lesson43OvertheSouthPole極Howwastheplaneabletoclearthemountains?In1929,threeyearsafterhisflightovertheNorthPole,theAmericanexplorerR.E.Byrd,successfullyflewovertheSouthPoleforthefirsttime.Though,atfirst,Byrdandhismenwereabletotakeagreatmanyphotographsofthemountainsthatlaybelow,theysoonranintoserioustrouble.Atonepoint,itseemedcertainthattheirplanewouldcrash.Itcouldonlygetoverthemountainsifitroseto10,000feet.Byrdatonceorderedhismentothrowouttwoheavyfoodsacks.Theplanewasthenabletoriseanditclearedthemountainsby400feet.ByrdnowknewthathewouldbeabletoreachtheSouthPolewhichwas300milesaway,fortherewerenomoremountainsinsight.Theaircraftwasabletoflyovertheendlesswhiteplainswithoutdifficulty.參考譯文1929年之后，于伯德在飛越北極3美國(guó)探險(xiǎn)家R.E.年第一次飛越了南極。雖然開始時(shí)伯德和他的助手們拍下了飛機(jī)下面連綿群山的大量照片，但他們很快就陷入了困境。10,000在有個(gè)地方，飛機(jī)似乎肯定要墜毀了。只有在飛至英尺的高度時(shí)，它才能飛過(guò)這些山頭。伯德馬上命令他的助手們把兩個(gè)沉重的食物袋扔掉，于是飛機(jī)可以上升了，它在英尺的高度飛越了過(guò)去。伯德這時(shí)知道他能夠400離山頭英里以外的南極了，因?yàn)榍懊嬖贈(zèng)]有山了。順利飛抵300飛機(jī)可以毫無(wú)困難地飛過(guò)這片茫茫無(wú)際的白色原野！Newwordsandexpressions

單詞講解一、polen.（地的）flightn.飛explorern.探險(xiǎn)liev.處seriousadj.嚴(yán)重的pointn.地點(diǎn)seemv.似乎crashv.墜毀sackn.袋子越過(guò)vclearaircraftn.飛機(jī)endlessadj.無(wú)盡的plainn.平polen．1)波蘭人Poland波蘭2)(地球的)極，極地theNorthPole

北極theSouthPole

南極Pole-star/theNorthStar北極星3)電極，磁極thepositivepole

正極負(fù)極thenegativepole4）

桿，棒，柱aflagpole

旗桿atelephonepole

電話線桿flightn．1）

飛行，航班eg:ThisishisfirstflightovertheNorthPole.這是他第一次飛躍北極。Allflightshavebeencancelledbecauseofthefog.因?yàn)殪F的原故，所有的航班被取消了。flightrecorder飛行記錄器，黑匣子2）

（飛鳥的）群，（飛機(jī)的）一隊(duì)aflightofwildgeese-

群飛雁goose[gu:s]鵝geese[gi:s](pl.)3)一段樓梯aflightofstairs

一段樓梯inthefirstflight(英)站在最前頭，一流的fly-flew-flownexplorern．探險(xiǎn)家explorev．探險(xiǎn)，勘探exploretheNorthPole

探索北極explorethevirginforest

考察原始森林例:Weexploredthenewlydiscoveredisland.我們?nèi)ヌ綔y(cè)那個(gè)新發(fā)現(xiàn)的小島。explorern．探險(xiǎn)家explorern．勘探者，探險(xiǎn)者例:Columbuswasoneofthegreatestexplorers.哥倫布是最偉大的探險(xiǎn)家之一。apolarexplorer極地探險(xiǎn)家polara．(近)地極的；磁極的；正好相反的liel)v.說(shuō)謊lie-lied-lied-lying例：Sheliesaboutherage．她就年齡說(shuō)謊了。2)n．謊話tellalie

說(shuō)謊話ablacklie

惡意的謊言awhitelie

善意的謊言livealie過(guò)騙人的生活，虛偽做人liveacat-and-doglife過(guò)天天吵架的生活3)v，平躺，位于lie-lay-lainlieonone'sback

平躺著lieonone'sstomach

趴著lieinbed

躺在床上例:Letsleepingdogslie.別驚動(dòng)睡著的狗；別惹是生非；別自找麻煩。BeijingliesintheheartofChina.北京位于中國(guó)的心臟地帶。lie（說(shuō)謊）-lied-lied-lyinglie（躺，位于,）-lay-lain-lyinglay（放，置于,下蛋）-laid-laid-laying例：TaiwanliesintheeastofChina．臺(tái)灣位于中國(guó)東部。Laythebookwhereitwas．把書放回原處放桌子laythetablelaytheegg下蛋seriousadj.1)嚴(yán)肅的，正經(jīng)的aseriousconversation一次嚴(yán)肅的談話aseriousperson一個(gè)嚴(yán)肅的人例：I'mseriousthistime.

我這次是認(rèn)真的。2)重大的，危險(xiǎn)的(grave)，(疾病，傷痛等)嚴(yán)重的aseriousproblem嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題aseriousmistake

一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的錯(cuò)誤aseriousaccident

重大的事故aserioustrouble,

重大的麻煩例：Takeiteasy.Nothingserious緊張，沒什么嚴(yán)重的。seriouslyadv.認(rèn)真地；危險(xiǎn)地例：Don'tlookatmesoseriously.樣一本正經(jīng)地看著我。Hewasseriouslyinjuredinthetrafficaccident.他在交通事故中受傷嚴(yán)重。pointn．1)尖端，尖頭aknife-point

刀尖鉛筆尖apencil-point2)點(diǎn)(幾何中)例：ABandCDintersectatpointP與CD交于P點(diǎn)。3)．別別那．AB小數(shù)點(diǎn)，句號(hào)2.6讀作：twopointsix4)要點(diǎn)besidethepoint離題的gettothepoint

言歸正傳5)地點(diǎn)，位置aparticularpoint

某個(gè)地點(diǎn)apointofdeparture

出發(fā)點(diǎn)aturningpoint

轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)atonepoint

在某個(gè)地方，在某一時(shí)刻或

瞬間strongpointsweakpointsseem看起來(lái)（不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)）seemtobe看起來(lái)是例:itseemstobethebestanswer這看起來(lái)是最佳答案了。seemlike看起來(lái)像例:Itseemslikeadisasteratthismoment.在此刻，這看起來(lái)使一場(chǎng)災(zāi)難。一看起來(lái)是?Itseemsthat例：Itseemsthatsheisright

．看起來(lái)她是對(duì)的。Itseemsasif/asthough

看起來(lái)就像一樣例：Itseemedasifhewouldwin

。起來(lái)就像他會(huì)贏一樣。嘩啦一那面墻嘩crash1)v．突然倒下，撞擊?發(fā)出聲響，聲地沖撞(毀損)例:Thedishescrashedtothefloor餐具稀里嘩啦掉到地上去了。Thewallcrasheddown．啦一聲倒塌了。2)V．猛撞，撞毀例:Theplanecrashedinthemountains.飛機(jī)在山脈里面撞毀了。Hecrashedhiscarintothewall

．他的車撞到墻上去了。AChinaplanecrashedinKorearecently.前不久一架中國(guó)飛機(jī)在韓國(guó)墜毀了。3)n．相撞，(飛機(jī)的)墜毀、迫降，嘩啦聲，轟隆聲例：Allthepassengerswerekilledintheplanecrash.在飛機(jī)失事中所有的乘客都喪生了。acrashofthunder雷聲轟鳴．nsack1)大口袋，大袋子asackofrice一袋大米asackoffood一袋食物putflourinthesack

把面粉裝進(jìn)口袋去2）

（美）（超級(jí)市場(chǎng)等供給顧客的）購(gòu)物袋apapersack紙袋3）（口）解雇，革職getthesack被解雇give'apersonthesack

解雇?sack（v．）sb解雇?

clear1)adj．清楚的，明白的，明顯的例：Areyouclear?

你聽明白了嗎？Icanhearyouloudandclear

．我聽得非常的清楚和明白。2)V．移走clearthetable撤桌子，揀桌子clearone'sthroat清嗓子清理路面積雪clearsnowfromthestreets3)V．經(jīng)過(guò)或越過(guò)(getpastoroverwithouttouchingit)例:Thehorseclearedthefenceeasily.那匹馬很容易的越過(guò)柵欄了Theplaneclearedthemountainsatlast.飛機(jī)終于越過(guò)山脈了。消除clearup天空放晴例：Theskyclearedupjustaftertherain．雨過(guò)天晴了。clearawayclearawayobstacles

消除障礙aircraftn.飛機(jī)Plane/airplane/aeroplane/tin-bird轟炸機(jī)bomber戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)fighter飛行器，飛機(jī)，飛艇，飛船aircraft直升飛機(jī)helicopter航天飛機(jī)shuttleendlessadj.無(wú)盡的endthe．末端，盡頭，極限n一條路的盡頭endofaroad

theendofasticktheendofalineacigaretteendcandleends

一條棍子的盡頭

一條線的盡頭

香煙頭

蠟燭頭

2)n．結(jié)束，終止，終結(jié)attheendoftheyear

在年末attheendofthecentury

在世紀(jì)末端intheend(atlast/finally)

最后，終于例：Hesaidhe'slovehertilltheendoftime.他說(shuō)他將愛她到地老天荒。Heisnearinghisend．=Heisdying．他快要死了習(xí)語(yǔ)idiom:勞累burnthecandleatbothends過(guò)度，過(guò)分消耗精力endtoend

首尾相接成一行makebothendsmeet

使收支相抵ending

n．結(jié)尾，結(jié)局（尤指故事，電影，或戲?。?/p>

endless

adj．無(wú)盡的{withoutend）沒了-less（表否定含義的形容詞）hopelesstreeless毫無(wú)希望的光禿禿的，沒樹的helplesscarelessuselessmerciless無(wú)助的粗心大意的毫無(wú)作用的不寬恕的，不仁慈的valueless/worthless毫無(wú)價(jià)值的plain加拿大中部1)n．平原，曠野theplainsofcentralCanada的大平原avastplain大平原agrassyplain草原2）adj.easytosee,hearorunderstandclear清楚的，明白的例：Thenotesyoutookareveryplain．你做的筆記非常清楚。asplainasthenoseonone'sface

．一清二楚，顯而易見3）

adj．普通的，平常的plainclothes普通衣服，便服，（尤指警察的便裝）臥底，眼線plantplainpeople平民4）

adj．樸素的，簡(jiǎn)樸的，（服裝等）無(wú)裝飾的plainliving

樸素的生活aplaingraydress素靜的黑色衣服plainfood

清淡的食物tobeplainwithyou對(duì)你直說(shuō)二、關(guān)鍵句型Keystructurescan/beableto1．can只有現(xiàn)在是和過(guò)去時(shí)，can-could，此外could有時(shí)并不強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去，而表示請(qǐng)求，更加禮貌，客氣。beableto可用于各種時(shí)態(tài)例：CanIuseyourtelephone?

我能用你的電話嗎？CouldIuseyourtelephone?例：He'llcomeifhecan

．要他能夠的話他回來(lái)的。He'llcomeifheisableto.例:Icanseeyoutomorrow

．我明天能見到你。I'IIbeabletoseeyoutomorrow.例：Icouldn'tunderstandhim

．我不明白他。Iwasn'tabletounderstandhim.例:Hesaidhecouldseemenextweek.他說(shuō)他下周能見到我。Hesaidhewouldbeabletoseemenextweek.．當(dāng)我們要表明一個(gè)動(dòng)作已經(jīng)成功地完成的時(shí)候，我們必2．須用was/wereableto，不能用could.例：HewasabletogotoLondonyesterdayandheenjoyedhimselfverymuch.他昨天去了倫敦，而且玩得非常高興例:Hedidn'tagreewithmeatfirst,butIwasabletopersuadehim.他開始不同意我的觀點(diǎn)，但我最終說(shuō)服了他例:HewasabletoleaveEuropebeforethewarbegan.他在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)開始之前就己經(jīng)離開了歐洲三、課文講解TextIn1929,threeyearsafterhisflightovertheNorthPole,theAmericanexplorerByrd,successfullyflewovertheSouthPoleforthefirsttime.forthefirsttime第一次firstandforemost

首要的是first,lastandallthetime．一，貫徹到底flyover飛越Though,atfirst,Byrdandhismenwereabletotakeagreatmanyphotographsoftheinto,R.E.始終如ransoontheybelow,laythatmountainsserioustrouble.takephotos拍照agreatmany(pl)

許多，大量runintotrouble/getintotrouble惹上麻煩白找麻煩擺脫麻煩askfortrouble/askforitshakeoffthetrouble

Atonepoint,itseemedcertainthattheirplanewouldcrash.

有關(guān)at的短語(yǔ)：例：AtfirstByrdandhismenwereabletotakephotographs.

起初，首先

Byrdatonceorderedhismentothrowouttwofoodsacks.

伯德立刻要求助手把兩袋食物扔了出去atonce表示立刻，馬上例:Billyisnotathomeatpresent.Heisatschool.

現(xiàn)在，比勒不在家，在—上學(xué)呢。athome在家atpresent現(xiàn)在atschool在上學(xué):Afterwalkingforseveralhours,wearrivedatthevillageatlast.走了幾個(gè)小時(shí)之后，我們終于到達(dá)這個(gè)小村莊了。It'sapityyoucan'tcometotheconcert.Atanyway,you'llbeabletohearitontheradio.你不能來(lái)音樂會(huì)真是人遺憾了，但是不管怎么說(shuō)你可以在收音機(jī)里聽到他。atanyway不管怎么說(shuō)Iknowhe'softenrudetopeople,buthe'saverypleasantpersonatheart.我知道他有時(shí)候?qū)θ瞬欢Y貌，但是從本質(zhì)上講他是一個(gè)非常好的人。從本質(zhì)上來(lái)講atheartIdidn'tknowyouwouldn'tbecoming.Atleastyoucouldhavetelephonedme.我不知道你不能來(lái)，至少你也應(yīng)該給我打個(gè)電話啊。atleast至少Hebehavesverystrangelyattimes

．他有時(shí)候確實(shí)古怪。attimes有時(shí)候Idon'tknowwhatIcandoaboutitI'mcompletelyataloss.我不知我能做什么，我真的不知我如何是好。ataloss不知如何是好，茫然，困惑itseemedtobesure類似itseemedcertainthatthatItcouldonlygetoverthemountainsifitroseto10,000feet.getover/flyover/clear

飛越riseto升至rise-rose-risenByrdatonceorderedhismentothrowouttwoheavyfoodsacks.atonce表示立刻，馬上throwout拋出，丟棄throwaway拋棄例：Throwthoseoldmagazinesaway．把那些舊雜志扔扔掉。throwup放棄(職業(yè)，學(xué)業(yè)等)：嘔吐Theplanewasthenabletoriseanditclearedthemountainsby400feet.byprep.1)住?旁邊bythefire住火旁邊bythelake住湖旁邊2)經(jīng)過(guò)，沿著例:Hecamethroughthefield,notbytheroad.他不是沿著馬路，而是直接穿過(guò)田野來(lái)的。3)在?之前Ihavetogobackbyteno'clock.:例我必須在10點(diǎn)鐘之前回去。4)以?，用...bytrain坐火車byphone通過(guò)電話byairmail用航空郵寄?5)相差...左右，一個(gè)接一個(gè)例:SheistallerthanIbythreecentimeters.她比我高三厘米。Wedefeatedtheopposingteamby3runs.我們以3分的優(yōu)勢(shì)擊敗對(duì)方。ByrdnowknewthathewouldbeabletoreachtheSouthPolewhichwas300milesaway,fortherewerenomoremountainsinsight.because，通常表示說(shuō)話人認(rèn)為這種理由或原因是聽話人所不知道的。例:Hedidn'tattendthemeetingbecausehehadtoomuchworktodo

。他沒有參加會(huì)是因?yàn)樗刑喙ぷ饕隽?。for1)表因果關(guān)系時(shí)，可與because互換，但只能放在主句后，不能放在句首。例:Hecouldnothaveseenme,forIwasnotthere.他不可能看見我，因?yàn)槲覜]在那。2）還可以表示補(bǔ)充的解釋或判斷，不可用because代替。（顯而易見的理由）例:Itrainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.昨天晚下雨了，因?yàn)榈厥菨竦?。since表原因，是指人們一致的事實(shí)，“既然”eg:Sincehecan'tanswerthequestion,you'dbetterasksomeoneelse.既然他不能回答這問(wèn)題，你就最好問(wèn)別人吧as比since語(yǔ)氣更弱，譯作“既然，由于...在含有since，as的句子里，全句重點(diǎn)放在從句的內(nèi)容上，因?yàn)槠淅碛苫蛟蛟谡f(shuō)話人看來(lái)己經(jīng)很明顯，或?yàn)槁犜捜怂煜ぁnsight視線之內(nèi)outofsight

視線之外Theaircraftwasabletoflyovertheendlesswhiteplainswithoutdifficulty.withoutdifficulty

毫無(wú)困難的

withnodifficultywithsomedifficultywithmuchdifficultywithgreatdifficulty

有極大的困難幾乎沒有困難withlittledifficultywasableto

成功做成...Specialdifficulties用帶有at的詞組來(lái)替換句中括號(hào)部分，如有必要可作些改動(dòng)。l.Wefoundourwayhome(intheend).Wefoundoutwayhomeatlast.2.Hestayed(inthehouse)alldayyesterday.Hestayedathomealldayyesterday.3.Youmustwritetohim(immediately).Youmustwriteto