初中英語語態(tài)復(fù)習(xí)題

動詞語態(tài)一、概念類別概念例句主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作執(zhí)行者M(jìn)anypeoplespeakEnglish.被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作承受者Englishisspokenbymanypeople.二、被動語態(tài)使用方法使用方法舉例不知道動作執(zhí)行者是誰Thisjacketismadeofcotton.沒有必要或不想說出誰是動作執(zhí)行者M(jìn)anythousandsoftreesmustbeplantedeveryyear.強(qiáng)調(diào)或突出動作承受者時Shewasaskedtosingasongyesterday.出于禮貌、措辭等原因不愿說出動作執(zhí)行者Youareinvitedtoapartyateighto’clocktomorrow.三、主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)方法舉例：四、組成方法時態(tài)語態(tài)動詞形式(以do為例)例句通?，F(xiàn)在時主動do/doesWestudyEnglish.被動am/is/aredoneEnglishisstudiedbyus.通常過去時主動didHemendedthebikeyesterday.被動was/weredoneThebikewasmendedbyhimyesterday.情態(tài)動詞主動can/may/mustdoCanyoucutdownthetrees?被動can/may/mustbedoneCanthetreesbecutdownbyyou?通常未來時主動shall/willdoWe’llfinishtheworktomorrow.被動shall/willbedoneTheworkwillbefinishedbyustomorrow.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時主動am/is/aredoingTheyareplantingtreesbytheriver.被動am/is/arebeingdoneTreesarebeingplantedbythembytheriver.現(xiàn)在完成時主動have/hasdoneMaryhasfinishedthework.被動have/hasbeendoneTheworkhasbeenfinishedbyMary.過去進(jìn)行時主動was/weredoingIwaswritingalettertomyuncleateightyesterday.被動was/werebeingdoneAletterwasbeingwrittentomyunclebymeateightyesterday.過去完成時主動haddoneTheyhadfinishedtheworkbeforeyesterday.被動hadbeendoneTheworkhadbeenfinishedbythembeforeyesterday.過去未來時主動woulddoHesaidtheywouldputdowntheoldbuilding.被動wouldbedoneHesaidtheoldbuildingwouldbeputdownbythem.說明主動變被動，時態(tài)不變動五、被動語態(tài)一些特殊利用形式1．短語動詞被動語態(tài)由及物動詞和介詞或副詞一起組成短語假如能夠帶賓語話，也能夠有被動語態(tài)。用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)短語動詞應(yīng)注意不可丟掉后面介詞或副詞。如：Thelibrarybooksmustbetakengoodcareof.圖書館藏書必須好好保管。2．主動結(jié)構(gòu)表示被動意義中考單項選擇題，隨地可見主動結(jié)構(gòu)表示被動意義考題，它自然是中考被動語態(tài)考點一個大熱點。（1）open,lock,sell,read,write,clean,cut,wash,burn,teach,drive,shut等及物動詞在用作不及物動詞時，它們主語為物，可用主動語態(tài)表示被動意義。如：Thiskindofskirtsellswell.這種樣式裙子很好賣。Thecardriveswell.這車很好開。（2）end,cook,do,print,copy,sell,workout,build等動詞現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時態(tài)表示被動意義。Ournewteachingbuildingisbuilding.我們新教學(xué)樓正建著。（3）look,taste,smell,seem,sound等連系動詞主動意義表示被動意義。如：Thedresslooksniceonyou.你穿著這條裙子很漂亮。Thedishtastesgood.這道菜味道很好。（4）beworthdoing結(jié)構(gòu)中doing為主動形式表示被動意義。如：Thetopiciswellworthtalkingabout.這個話題很值得一談。（5）want,need,require等動詞表示“需要”，后面?？筛鷦釉~-ing形式表示被動意義，相當(dāng)于tobedone。如：Allthesecomputersneedrepairing.=Allthesecomputersneedtoberepaired.全部這些電腦都需要修理。（6）在too…to…及enoughto結(jié)構(gòu)中有時表示被動意義。如：Theproblemistoodifficulttosolve.這道題太難，解不出來。3．被動語態(tài)后動詞形式選擇主動句中在感觀動詞see,lookat,hear,listento,feel,watch,notice及使役動詞make,let,have等等動詞后不跟帶to動詞不定式，而在被動句中該不定式符號應(yīng)加上。SomeonesawJackentertheteacher’soffice.=Jackwasseentoentertheteacher’soffice.(to不能丟)有些人看見杰克進(jìn)入教師辦公室了。4．不定式被動結(jié)構(gòu)tobedone。如：Mywatchdoesn’tworkwell,itneedstoberepaired.我手表走得不準(zhǔn)，它需要修理了。Therearetwentymoretreestobeplanted.另外還有20棵樹要種。5．有些被動語態(tài)結(jié)組成了習(xí)慣使用方法。如：Itissaidthat…聽說……Itis(was)reportedthat…據(jù)報道(有些人匯報)……Itiswellknownthat…眾所周知……6．與被動語態(tài)相關(guān)句型和習(xí)語。beusedfor(doing)被用來(做……)bemadeof(silk)由(絲)制成bemadein(China)在(中國)制造befilledwith(water)用(水)裝滿becoveredwith/by用(被)……覆蓋getdressed穿衣getwashed洗(臉、手)等getstarted開始1．Someadvice______usbytheteacherlasttime.A．weregiventoB．gavetoC．wasgiventoD．gave2．ThereissomethingwrongwithmyTVset.Nowit______byUncleWang.A．ismendingB．mendsC．ismendedD．isbeingmended3．WuDong______thenewwordsyesterday.A．madetocopyB．wasmadetocopyC．wasmadecopyD．madecopy4．Yesterdaytheboy______inacaraccident.A．washitB．washittedC．hitD．washitting5．Thestars______inthedaytime.A．canbeseenB．canseeC．can’tbeseenD．can’tsee6．EveryChristmassomepresents______Tombyhisrelatives.A．buyB．a(chǎn)reboughttoC．a(chǎn)reboughtforD．buyfor7．About500cars______inthefactorynextmonth.A．wereproducedB．willproduceC．havebeenproducedD．willbeproduced8．Nooneknowshowthehugerocks______and______withoutourmodernmachineseighthundredyearsago.A．a(chǎn)recut;movedB．werecut;moveC．a(chǎn)recut;movingD．werecut;moved9．Iwasn’tathomeyesterday.I______tohelpwiththeharvestonthefarm.A．a(chǎn)skedB．wasaskedC．wasaskingD．hadasked10．—Whatdoestheradiosay?—Itsaysthatawildanimalzooisto______inourcity.A．bebuildingB．willbebuiltC．bebuiltD．isbuilt11．Oldpeoplemust______.A．bespokentopolitelyB．speaktopoliteC．bespokenpolitelyD．bespokentopolite12．Duringthepasttwentyyearsgreatchanges______inourhometown.A．havetakenplaceB．havebeentakenplaceC．tookplaceD．weretakenplace13．Yourmotherisbadlyill.She’dbetter______rightnow.A．beoperatedonB．beoperatedC．tobeoperatedD．tobeoperatedon14．—Haveallthestudentsknownthatourclasswillvisitthefactorythisafternoon?—Yes,Everystudent______