高考總復(fù)習(xí)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)從句

語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練(十四)——定語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn)一用什么詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句？我們要判斷到底使用關(guān)系代詞還是關(guān)系副詞,應(yīng)先把先行詞放回定語(yǔ)從句中,如果先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ),則用關(guān)系代詞“that(充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)),語(yǔ)法精講who(充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)),whom(充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)),which(充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)),as(充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)),whose(充當(dāng)定語(yǔ))”；如果充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ),則用關(guān)系副詞“where,when,why”等.Heistheman________nevergivesintodifficulty.我們將先行詞“theman”放回定語(yǔ)從句中,則得出“themannevergivesintodifficulty.”在這一句子中,“theman”在句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ),因此不可能用關(guān)系副詞,排除了填“where,when,why”的可能性；由于“theman”指代人,在句中又充當(dāng)主語(yǔ),因此也不可能用“which,whom,whose”；只有當(dāng)先行詞前面有“such,thesame”時(shí)才能用“as”,因此,以上句子只能填“that/who”.考點(diǎn)二在什么情況下一般只能用that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句？情況例句先行詞同時(shí)是人和物時(shí)IstillremembersomepeopleandthingsthatwererelatedtoMissBrown,whousedtobemonitorinourclass.情況例句先行詞是不定代詞:all,any,anything,everything,few,little,much,none等Ican’tremembereverythingthathappenedduringthetimeinuniversity.That’sallthatIcanremember.先行詞被all,any,every,little,much,no,some等不定代詞修飾時(shí)Theexamisgettingnear.Thereislittletimethatwecanmakeuseof.Ihavereadallthebooksthatyouboughtme.情況例句當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞的最高級(jí),序數(shù)詞theonly,thevery等修飾時(shí)ThisisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread.Thisisthebestarticlethathaseverbeenwrittenonthissubject.ThisistheverybookthatIamlookingfor.情況例句主句以thereis/hereis/itis開(kāi)頭時(shí)HereisastorythatmakesmerememberMissBrownuntilnow.在以which/who為疑問(wèn)詞的特殊疑問(wèn)句中,為了避免重復(fù)時(shí)Whoistheladythatyoureferredtoinyourdiary?Whichisthepicturethatyoudrewyesterday？考點(diǎn)三在什么情況下一般只能用which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句？情況例句引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)Oneafternoon,sheandIarrivedinNewYork,whichwewouldlookforwardto.情況例句先行詞為代詞

that或被

that所修飾時(shí)Idon’ttakethatwhichistooexpensive.先行詞是物,介詞提到關(guān)系詞前時(shí)Wewenttothebiggestbookshopinwhichthereweredifferentkindsofbookstobesold.考點(diǎn)四如何區(qū)分thesame...as和thesame...that?“thesame...as”表示同一類人或物,如:MissBrownalsoboughtthesamebooksasIdid.“thesame...that”指同一個(gè)人或物,例如:Heisthesamepersonthatyoureferredto.(同一個(gè)人)考點(diǎn)五在什么情況下一般用who不用that?先行詞是人稱代詞時(shí),一般用who不用that.He,whojustheardthenewsofhisfather’sdeath,burstintotears.考點(diǎn)六way后面的定語(yǔ)從句way后面的定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞有inwhich,that或不填.Irecognizedhe’sfromAustraliafromthewayinwhich(that/不填)hespeaks.◆同位語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別同位語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)其前面的詞所表示的具體內(nèi)容做進(jìn)一步的解釋或說(shuō)明,定語(yǔ)從句則對(duì)其前面的詞起到限定或修飾的作用；that用來(lái)引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)不充當(dāng)句子成分,用于引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句則充當(dāng)句子成分；用wh鋼en距,筋wh際er哀e,變w姿hy引導(dǎo)卵同位例語(yǔ)從甘句時(shí),其前生面的刺詞不工是相弱應(yīng)的萄時(shí)間音、地筑點(diǎn)、剃原因,而定燥語(yǔ)從河句則貢必須歸是相燙應(yīng)的翅時(shí)間芳、地朽點(diǎn)、免原因.Th裙e飾su潔gg沿es表ti呢on掌t同ha仿t堂he昨c栽om價(jià)e推ri塊gh蜻t莫no罩w摔isre結(jié)as綱on綱ab恢le兵.(濃th寨at引導(dǎo)隸同位乏語(yǔ)從楚句)Th詠e植su桐gg春es陣ti灶on獨(dú)t昨ha亡t煎yo肚u弦pu殊t恒fo社rw仗ar檢d民isre該as裕on賭ab價(jià)le豆.(律th敲at引導(dǎo)南定語(yǔ)劉從句)Th慢e貿(mào)ne思ws數(shù)t律ha稱t瓜yo唐u趨to宅ld腔m攤e印istr撿ue窩.(訊th覺(jué)at引導(dǎo)陜定語(yǔ)當(dāng)從句)Th稼e俘ne拋ws嗚t己ha瞧t趙ou珠r訂te基am糞w顆on家t須he銀g坑am痛e雁istr箱ue身.(基th坡at引導(dǎo)夏同位暈語(yǔ)從氧句)◆限制刺性定步語(yǔ)從沸句和蝦非限癥制性皮定語(yǔ)衫從句倘的區(qū)出別限制饒性定職語(yǔ)從示句對(duì)素前面很的先注行詞遭起到性限制巧的作振用,說(shuō)話茶者強(qiáng)慶調(diào)的與是定侍語(yǔ)從灘句的膊內(nèi)容,如果浸去掉底從句,原句拿意思雙就不揉完整演；非謎限制口性定氧語(yǔ)從拘句對(duì)垂前面聲的先號(hào)行詞潑只起街到補(bǔ)肝充說(shuō)甩明的梢作用,說(shuō)話頂者強(qiáng)艘調(diào)的巨是主它句的核內(nèi)容,去掉俊從句果不影港響說(shuō)輸話者柔原來(lái)漲的意辯思；分非限辭制性湯定語(yǔ)恭從句損一般座用逗割號(hào)和格主句遼隔開(kāi),限制佳性定籮語(yǔ)從挎句沒(méi)爹有逗疊號(hào)和建主句徹隔開(kāi)；表限制筒性定嘗語(yǔ)從律句的傾先行磨詞不某能是碗一個(gè)嘆句子,非限真制性手定語(yǔ)閣從句日的先秒行詞條可以揚(yáng)是整程個(gè)句持子；as引導(dǎo)伴的非成限制泛性定勿語(yǔ)從疏句可厚放在雅句首,也可適放在漏主句搶之后,落wh材ic筍h引導(dǎo)容的非繭限制餃性定置語(yǔ)從題句只貧能放希在主甩句之返后(1躁)H嗎e篇is械t糟he住o貨nl床y堪ch蓋il矮d知in愁t蹦he黑f臉am逐il追y,呆w辦ho呢i剝s辰al手wa勾ys怒a烏ct樣iv鹿e容in捎p咳ol船it秋ic肝s.(2愁)H芝e心is蒙t濃he皆o壓nl苦y除ch篇il蜜d貝th迫at料d塌oe彎sn飾’t禾l貨os頌e半he養(yǎng)ar見(jiàn)t狂ea酬si裁ly腹.(3體)H血e鍋wi統(tǒng)ll戴e躲nd誘u岸p耐in史p旋ri配so牙n,經(jīng)a錢s牲ev仍er斜yb麗od碰y留ex銹pe偉ct坦s.＝As覆e澆ve竄ry難bo藥dy澇e暈xp雨ec庭ts辜,悅he臨w戶il翼l惠en顧d旱up型i繞n戰(zhàn)pr湊is平on辨.(4歌)H除e離al醉wa昌ys枝c拋om叫es水l孟at倚e,孫w逝hi雨ch詞m歇ak慌es誰(shuí)h毯is塵t翅ea詞ch鍋er循a魂ng扛ry員.Ⅰ.單句犧填空用適亦當(dāng)?shù)你y關(guān)系親代詞果或關(guān)阿系副御詞填瓜空.1．(2漫01澡1·高考父江蘇甲卷改巧編)B頃et驕we蛙en晝t被he貿(mào)t府wo介p獅ar侵ts居o消f斑th耐e跳co題nc援er鈴t畢is廉a(chǎn)借n窗in形te鏡rv厘al訪,陜__維__挖__憤__錄t顯he閣a仿ud遇ie彼nc閉e腰c(diǎn)a揮n軋bu刷y棟ic浮e-中cr射ea姐m.提升演練wh桶en解析:考查芹非限偵制性眨定語(yǔ)視從句.句意:在兩田音樂(lè)斤會(huì)之北間的艷休息愁時(shí)間,觀眾茫可以揚(yáng)去買需冰淇枝林,且該賞句是朱非限盒制性吩定語(yǔ)犁從句居，作柿?xí)r間添狀語(yǔ)混，故港用wh助en引導(dǎo)2．(部20劃11服·高考延上海懷卷改咬編)Y健ou酬’l聯(lián)l錦fi駱nd槽t翻ax俗is儉w煤ai暑ti涌ng啄a蜻t顧th聰e赤bu袍s裹st蝦at旗io衛(wèi)n馳__嶺__愉__租__預(yù)__烤__似y歐ou筆c拴an付h樂(lè)ir亭e聞to莫r煌ea膏ch欺y餡ou餐r繳ho搜st凱f膠am揉il挑y.解析:考查幣定語(yǔ)蹈從句景的關(guān)探系詞,先行繁詞為ta頁(yè)xi插s,在從咸句中刻作hi山re的賓季語(yǔ),所以評(píng)用wh黎ic哪h或th獅at潛.wh蓋ic乳h/組th喚at3．(2蓮01泡1·高考常課標(biāo)俱全國(guó)劣卷改蛋編)T慨he開(kāi)p舍ri漆ze惕w韻il影l(fā)迅go約t思o(jì)勇th鋤e普wr隨it預(yù)er鐵_觸__靠__禾__塑__榨__個(gè)_繼st滋or佩y愛(ài)sh屯ow圣s炮th姐e顆mo漲st黑i喬ma撈gi當(dāng)na頂ti偷on怕.解析:乓th快e氣wr蘭it性er是st牢or至y的定端語(yǔ),所以頑用wh霞o(jì)s考e.wh蛇os號(hào)e4．(2涂01今1·高考紅湖南頂卷改圍編)J仔ul些ie添w錦as吃g繩oo尚d韻at拉G擇er深ma干n,奧F黨re固nc亦h座an糟d豆Ru敏ss乏ia博n,研a水ll批o圓f步__戲__獸__煩__母__天__店s事he備s陳po忌ke舌f翅lu作en粉tl竿y.解析:句意:間Ju蔬li鈔e擅長(zhǎng)仍德語(yǔ),法語(yǔ)撿和俄股語(yǔ),這三褲種語(yǔ)鴉言她晨都說(shuō)職得很蠶流利.此處墻應(yīng)用wh撕ic領(lǐng)h引導(dǎo)訴的非宰限制陵性定成語(yǔ)從其句,險(xiǎn)wh文ic曲h代替勞前邊皆三種封語(yǔ)言.wh招ic譜h5．(2愈01抖1·高考眼北京隊(duì)卷改缺編)M妖ar型y象wa獻(xiàn)s馬mu濾ch潤(rùn)k倦in鋸de景r把to輪J棕ac漲k議th殊an角s遣he促w仰as請(qǐng)t宵o做th塑e兼ot椒he它rs絡(luò),霜__汁__胡__屯__誦__只__糕,胡of秒c倦ou銅rs嘩e,抽m或ad烤e荷al咱l唯th舒e脆ot岸he匹rs環(huán)u尺ps秤et責(zé).解析:這里據(jù)是非苗限制倚性定倍語(yǔ)從同句,關(guān)系權(quán)代詞約指代牧整個(gè)英主句.所以賤用wh燒ic榆h引導(dǎo)wh達(dá)ic墻h6．(2王01究1·高考屑大綱埋全國(guó)社卷改鍵編)T醫(yī)ed盯c唯am狗e昆fo抗r伸th煮e方we此ek井en敲d探we崗ar淚in桂g但on賣ly盤s小om怕e沃sh陳or蝦ts基a旱nd肚a攜T虛-s爺hi閱rt儉,珠_(kāi)_猜__計(jì)__勸__川__縫__找i互s暴a完st倡up織id飯t蔬h(yuǎn)i大ng鼓t滲o綁do夸i姨n腿su沿ch跪w鞋ea歉th李er虛.解析:本題匙考查伐非限嗚制性袖定語(yǔ)法從句,從句匪缺主妄語(yǔ),指物,因此漠用wh秧ic植h來(lái)引滴導(dǎo).wh衛(wèi)ic頁(yè)h7．(2殃01辛1·高考坦浙江遙卷改食編)E戲ng泡li樂(lè)sh亦i顧s臉a君la抬ng胳ua矩ge旨s貸ha葡re吵d凍by層s桿ev升er網(wǎng)al盈d對(duì)iv驗(yàn)er約se扛c戚ul統(tǒng)tu踢re共s,揭e注ac帆h懼of旅_手__教__引__污__扛__鞠_咐us相es判i漲t范so團(tuán)me享wh腳at礎(chǔ)d配if廟fe引re燦nt塘ly晌.解析:考查務(wù)非限約制性答定語(yǔ)討從句,指代se烤ve冠ra蠶l饒di陣ve猛rs孫e脂cu丈lt欣ur胃es在,故用wh兆ic駱h.wh搬ic除h8．(2糧01葉1·高考雨安徽獵卷改性編)W必ha蔑te聾ve盈r趕is既l答ef士t午ov相er蛇m協(xié)ay或b膛e緩pu鐮t驚in理to臉t寇he碑r申ef匪ri取ge堪ra風(fēng)to撈r,濫_肥__駐__首__霧__鮮__迷_蟻it辨w所il吐l鋤ke畢ep祖f紗or述t且wo狼o鴨r平th埋re貞e葡we竿ek余s.解析:句意:不論灘剩下琴的食梨物是嘉什么怎都放挺冰箱丹里面,在冰公箱里巨食物絡(luò)可以餓保鮮銹兩到?jīng)_三星侍期.故用wh寨er鵲e引導(dǎo)隊(duì)定語(yǔ)觸從句,相當(dāng)狂于in遠(yuǎn)w紅hi排ch好.wh交er粒e9．(2帳01裕1·高考冒廣東謝卷改響編)B芳eh撒in艇d駕hi翁m疼we搞re霜o伴th能er鐵p步eo旱pl瀉e嶼to粒_竿__壘__上__緣瑞__隊(duì)__技_紅he邁w蛇as議t武ry掃in絞g側(cè)to驅(qū)t肯al忠k,完b寧ut妨a開(kāi)ft款er銀s縮慧om曬e氏mi皇nu納te酬s峰he吳w歐al叛ke資d木aw渠ay失a化nd翅s女a(chǎn)t清n掉ea悠r姿me幸,毫lo弦ok像in刮g體an罩no蕉ye妖d.wh終om解析:句意:在他持后面蠶是那南些他嗚想跟遼他們莊談話浪的人,但沒(méi)階幾分歪鐘他濕就走貿(mào)開(kāi)了,靠近闖我坐占了下?tīng)I(yíng)來(lái),他看六起來(lái)煙很氣賣惱.本句念中pe貿(mào)op銷le是先付行詞,在從晃句中尤作to的賓杰語(yǔ),巡壽to又提輔前了,所以戚本空鬼填wh時(shí)om湖.10．Ja寄ne校p名au澤se爺d逃in渾f攔ro少nt籮o疤f要a策co鑄un播te擾r擦__亭__畫__滋__鳴__早__價(jià)s鎮(zhèn)om瓣e馳at起tr連ac普ti義ve拆t晨ie刑s科we遮re柱o暗n慮di花sp豪la嬌y.解析:句意:奶Ja等ne到了右一個(gè)溜出售書一些績(jī)吸引培人的苗柜臺(tái)獅前停鋤了下誘來(lái).刮a愈co鍋un剝te蠻r是先鑰行詞,在從買句中滋作地灰點(diǎn)狀志語(yǔ).wh悠er徹e11．(2怨01瓜0·高考拳廣東伏卷)H劣e丟fi廟ll曾ed陣h遲is青l(xiāng)線ea于th臥er蚊c莊on存ta示in尼er魂s恒o獄th援a(chǎn)t甜h左e孔co州ul賣d憲br震in樓g中so并me拖b閥ac逝k董to榴a愧n柄el也de捧r意__襪__糾__界__諒__媽__擁h厭ad饒b甩ee川n叉hi戀s企te測(cè)ac士he旅r兄.解析:先行育詞an糖e纏ld蛛er在從艷句中真作主語(yǔ),指人,所以議用wh耕o或th倦at勁.wh佳o/非th賤at12．Th妄e肌he便ad錄o冒f梯th吸e追vi稿ll君ag帳e銜wa善s役ty術(shù)in鄙g學(xué)up脖h祥is勢(shì)h首o(hù)r煤se秤t降o黑my疼c到ar威t齒o鏡pu丹ll桶i捏t停to判a層s廟ma悶ll詳t察ow斜n趁so邪me列2村0獵ki哄lo財(cái)me訊te博rs在a套wa戴y辱_繁__閑__綁__術(shù)__笑__溫_軟th接er網(wǎng)e藏wa吵s嬌a網(wǎng)ga記ra澡ge喜.解析:句意:村長(zhǎng)賴正在妹把我拍的馬間綁到詞他的借馬上,用馬洋把車距拉到豈離那雞里20公里某的一蘇個(gè)有矛修車硬廠的遮小鎮(zhèn)貫上去.租a百sm糟al小l勸to俱wn是先求行詞,在從傳句中潑作地?cái)U(kuò)點(diǎn)狀虧語(yǔ)wh霸er指eⅡ.語(yǔ)篇野填空J(rèn)i搬m,美1廉._散__智__乒__顏__夫f燭at罩he疑r址is遍a幸b責(zé)io糖lo癥gi偽st冤,筆is稀c噸ra筆zy脅a縮慧bo棄utan食im道al炮s.掘Th季eon灶ly喜s爬ub輛je貞ct烤2秩.蕩__糊__住__打__翅s聚ee瘡ms沿i還nt乖er掉es疲ti勞ng宗t齒o壇hi碑m凳isbi豪ol給og狠y.敢Hesp丙en景ds杯e袋ve址ry爬p松en水ny雁3植._絕__刮__非__扭_數(shù)he奇c織an魯s離av丈e少to餃b氏uy備b腹oo鳥(niǎo)ks增o璃n領(lǐng)bi朝ol或og巾y,千4蝕._仍__旗__老__氣_灰is婆o捧ft滴en吐l葬au增gh周ed無(wú)a代t另by納h軟is住c悟la泰ss睬ma勇te慚s.wh梢os摟eth敘atth蓋atwh訪ic旨hOn艙e符da枝y,廢5扔._知__災(zāi)__培__臘h性e假st陪ep額pe獻(xiàn)d釣in數(shù)t商he齒b憂oo堂ks哨to魚(yú)re匹6竊._態(tài)__血__花__化__湖__在_屠se充ll歪s穴al給l飼ki悄