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SUBLEVELCAVINGCONTENTSSLCDESIGNCONCEPTSDRAWTHEORYSLCDESIGNLAYOUTDEBATEDesignrulesDrawiskingCriticalissuestobeansweredbeforegeotechnicaldesign:
-Howmuchdevelopmentforhowmuchrecovery? -Howmuchsupportforhowmuchrecovery? -SLC/blockcavetonnagecut-off? -SLCsustainingdevelopmentrateforreqtonnage? -hardorsoftcavingenvironment?1000msoftcavegeotechnicalcut-offInter-activedrawbecomesharderatdepthRecoveryharderatdepthWastegradebecomebetteratdepth(muckpilesalting)Norightorwrong,justprobabilitiesofsucessSLCBALANCECONCEPTSupportDrawBlastingProductionDrawtheoryHowthebrokengroundisdrawn/flowsDrawpointspacing’storeducedilution/increaserecoveryStillnotwellunderstoodPhysicalmodels/bunkers-Kvapli&Jenike1960’sMathematic/numericalplasticflow–Pariseau1960’sFullscalemarkertests–Kvapli,Just&Janelid1960’sPhysicalmodelsLaubscher,Tayloretc-1970-1980’sKvapilcurvesrevisited/Laubscher-Bull&2000ICS2001-presentPhysicalmodelsPFCRingmarkertrialsYENGE1980“theflowofcavedorecannotbedescribedsatisfactorybytheoriesdevelopedfortheflowofothergranularmaterialssuchassandpowderandserialgrains“DrawtheoryBestwehavegottodayWewillneversolvematerialvariabilityWemaygetcloserDesign’smustbetemperwith
-Commonsense -ExperienceTwodesigntheories
-kvapil -LaubscherFlowofmaterialBasicdrawtheoryEllipsoidareasEliposideformationMainpointsTwozones -DRAWOREXTRACTION
ellipsoid(MATERIALREMOVED) -Limitellipsoid(materialmovement/loosens)
Drawzone -Koperzoneincenter -shearzoneatthesidesPoints: -materialmovesfasterincentre -Finermaterialslimmerdrawzone -coarsermaterialwidedrawzone -drawzonewidthrelatedtomaterial/drawpointsizeSLCDesignClassificationMRMRbased2classes:Softcaves<class3Hardcaves>class3SUPPORTDESIGNSLCDESIGNLayoutsbasedondrawandblastingreqAbovereqdrawpointsclosetogetherWiderdrawpointsViolatesthelayoutstressrulesOperationaldepthlimitsoftcavesGreatersupportHardcavesbrowinstabilitySUSTAININGDEVELOPLEMENTDesignLayoutsbasedondrawKvapliLaubscherDrawinteractionSublevelheightDrawpointspacingFlatwidedrawpointsbacksLowerdriftheightsSublevelheigth: -Development -DrillingaccuracyDraw-interactionFLATBACKSLowdriftheight/ringangleKvapilLayoutdesignonbins/observationsprecisedeterminationofspacingCorrectionwithextractionelipsoid/IDZAppliescorrectionsfordriftbackprofile/oreUsesgraphsandformulaDeterminesSublevelheightDriftspacingDiggingdepth/burdencorrectionofsimmingofellipsoidforheigthKvapilDriftwidth,determinedfromgroundconditions
-MRMRclass4max4.5m(better3.8m) -MRMRClass3>max6.0mApplydriftcorrectionDeterminesublevelheigthDeterminewidthofextractionellipsoidDeterminedepthofextractionellipsoidDeterminedriftcenterspacingDri幅ft廈cor雄rec貢tio早nEl羽li序ps偵oi螞d廢wi千dt筍hDi撓g們wi堵dt柿hCa逆ve噴g暗ra叮di湊ngKva符pligra奏din且gs110睡%e襲xtr聲act桶ionCl五as射s婚1,熟8筑0%見(繡or雪e聾)得<3紛0%逝w劫as卻teCl分as孔s朗2,襖7壤5%認(rèn)(悄or喪e)艇<刪3梅5%慮w蒸as亮teCl圣as扮s付3,舍6囑5%福(讀or研e(爛<術(shù)45冊(cè)%上wa雖st葉eRe級(jí)fe待r茄a(bǔ)s拒7襯0/天30票o糟r酸60備/4嗓0Di涌lu簡(jiǎn)ti皆on嚴(yán)e不nt畏ry慰a稈bo顛ut炸4辯0稀%北m壁at睡er棵ia滾l植dr詢aw踩nRe扒ma乎rk蘇sOld窗sy專ste孕mExa停ct斃num杠berClo戴ser圖sp鐘aci歡ngHas扁be但en蕉cha誕lle瞞nge碌dIC抵S該m虧ay猴s饅ug厚ge勤st畫t騎ha磨t猶th殖is害m早ay勁n朝ot篩b車e貸wr關(guān)on字gClo兩ser呈dr煌aw頸poi們nt繳spa稼cin爬gGra鈴din廊go胳ft暮ype舟so辛fd勞rawRe駱du盡ct曾io趣n另of喬d佛ra勞w則po傷in呀t咱si聽ze直w厘it凱h中dr隙awhei漿gth18賤m悲th賠e塑cu沸t-嗽of延fLau命bsc貍herBin永&肌obs紋erv波ati色onsSh復(fù)ab顛an弦ieIs芽ol叢at艱ed倘d送ra貝w值z(mì)o終ne研d惕ia惑me尿te秧r毫co喇nc男ep悶tIDZ彎=L極imi躺te泡lli廊pso垃idIn田cr吉ea墨se浪d接in儉te諸ra喝ct慘io作n/侮s氏pa船ci昏ng辦du并e淹to背a管bo疲veDra懷wp翁oin釣ts封pac炊ing板=I什DZ虎xi身nte能rac產(chǎn)tio魚nf坑act輩orLau平bsc匆herbin賴sDr撕aw杯p登oi父nt睡w抖id嶄th艙sDil格uti賭on變ent屑ry狡gra輕phsDi吉lu殊ti曠on蜘e診nt辛ry撕g陷ra償phLa閱ub沾sc殘he旨rID石Z叼c促on極ce掃ptIn我te志ra果ct鐘io彈n舒fa麥ct傘or紀(jì)?No甜dir葉ect屯us叢eMa玩in巧b盲lo允ck效c毅av顧in拴gReq憤uir貪es送ski歉llUs疤e撫fr句ag瘦me匪nt端at變io貿(mào)n媽si孟zeRan漲ge誕of衡dra章wp王oin稻tspa眾cin限gsMis別sin怖gd法ataBul旗la申nd痛Pag蹲e20叨00青,馬SL岡C腳de夕si流gn爭(zhēng)r芹at朵io塊na姥leNe皇w梅mo舉de獄l半of扶b節(jié)eh各av儲(chǔ)io秋rOl表d觀bi乒n朱th剛eo享ry召l調(diào)ay杠ou懷ts扭c瓣au看se坊d厘me側(cè)th次od揭p妖ro紀(jì)bl泰em藥sEmb滔rac師edYen充ge’漿sst油at的em冊(cè)en借tExc坡ess旅ive戶di浮lut遣ion富&伯low化re濟(jì)cov舉eryAb侍ov期e昨le蝴d劈燕to梅S右LC圣b霜ei炸ng染u渡np換op玩ul蓋arRec緊ent分ev爸ide文nce蛛sh升owe真db略ett辨er割rec野ove勞rie殖sDra挖wb井eha偷vio臉rw儲(chǔ)as盟sim世ila為rt志ob駁loc銅kc疾avi溝ngLay芽out遣sw疫ere噴ba愛sed共onLa吐ub蘇sc榮he瀉rvi公ewAd吼va重nc預(yù)ed步t廢he港c矩on聽ce爐pt逗o聞f圈Is赴ol繁at鉤ed全/種in烏te肅ra桐ct脹iv駕e盯dr灶aw14.變5m映dra邊wp理oin依ts旺pac漏ingRec苗ove威ry描imp佩rov墨eme刪nts糕:-mo征re煉i到nt醒er槳ac萍ti棋ve投l夢(mèng)ay膨ou燃ts-價(jià)St勻ri燙ct帶a流pp瞧li衛(wèi)ca千ti候on茫o星f燃d站ra瓦w繭st舟an幕da須rd牧sInt駕era傭cti還ve/截is字ola村ted結(jié)dr叫awDra歷ws勤tan械dar詢dsBul功lRul甩es俊or抓com跟man喚dme懼nts-壇Al甜ig駱nm四en扒t姨of叮f里ac擴(kuò)es魚(每3-族5已fa惹ce助s)-盒Un兵if廟or臟m享dr幫aw欲o巷f咐bl侮as防te廟d突ma滿te釘ri桑al-G尼ood曬bl皂ast睬ing睛st免and咸ard玻s-濤Go脾od有r牢oa忌dw彼ay希s/否s幫up郊po嚼rt-B幟og認(rèn)acr擊oss護(hù)fu拼ll抬wid曲th騾of晶fac腥eDra緒ws藍(lán)tan永dar背dsBu否llRul純es鋼or燃com倆man矮dme蘿nts-飯Al辱ig頭nm淚en群t盞of誤f四ac么es私(染3-追5語fa紐奉ce圾s)-U果nif煌orm贊dr融aw督of周bla習(xí)ste箏dm址ate鍋ria棚l-G民ood戲bl拋ast警ing廢st狀and跨ard遣s-G縫ood砍ro韻adw咱ays莫/s總upp命ort-堤Bo廟g盛ac羽ro倚ss張f播ul普l涉wi聲dt孤h鉤of筐f糕ac廢eDra盞ws艷tan謙dar妙dsBu丈llRul含es議or摧com汪man芝dme哨nts-A懲lig暴nme瞧nt餓of睛fac態(tài)es敬(3-塵5f疑ace遼s)-伏Un永if胃or殘m服dr榆aw純o李f故bl敵as蔥te柿d愈ma貓te邀ri竟al-G除ood濁bl船ast爺ing優(yōu)st周and膠ard悶s-外Go辰od踢r默oa士dw省ay宇s/決s昌up付po特rt-B寒og娘acr凡oss勸fu朱ll陷wid驅(qū)th拌of習(xí)fac坊eCu舞mu傻la渴ti枯vedi利lu遮ti攻io借n15-屈24%辜(4球0%)Met識(shí)al姨rec府ove居rie句s9擋0-1偽00%Di唱lu球ti防on狠e伙nt哨ry掛p跟oi奪nt籠5磁0%隙(柔20軋%)Bu捐ll私&奇p偷ag網(wǎng)eCha降lle辰nge霧dDo斑es天n載ot臂w尊or敗kCri常tic剛si瞞su糾nfa掙irDe坑si極gn閱p遞hi石lo墻so廟ph放y吐is噴su膏esDo扮w湖e灑de峽si塞gn孔m信in鑼e’馳s風(fēng)wi難th掩h話um膏an身s催ys謎te聽m妻er臂ro敘rGr鏟ey下a伴re爪a暢re伏ga旅rd旅in磚g插th徒e騙14珍.5債m愛dr暫aw肌p扮oi驗(yàn)nt(Ma戴ss殿mi媽n200似54堡6F刮ig8)自:-漲8測(cè)m屠to墊1勸0m肺a戴pa遮rt孫i鉛nt遍er似ac廁ti拉ve看d辟ra閉w-競(jìng)10衡m筆to邀1惠8m爸g鞠ra欺y掌ar催ea香(準(zhǔn)no勁c櫻om柏me汪nt假d渴eg找re架as贏in泳g替ef煌fe脾ct滅iv綠en萌es哲s)-1借8m義iso達(dá)lat粗ed岸dra石wc循ond伙iti絨onsIn援te鳥ra蘆ct眠io膽n裙of革i披nt隱er息ac獲ti驚on懷f團(tuán)ac環(huán)to加rs蘆n席ot唇c壇le框arSLC冒Cl否ass籍ifi點(diǎn)cat吊ionMR葵MR番ba頑se納d2c遷las姥ses濱:Sof昆tc似ave揚(yáng)s<海cl殿ass鼻3Ha尋rd需c豬av付es殺>惱c德la雀ss秘3SU遲PP什OR份T讀DE門SI叮GNSL垃C戰(zhàn)Cl擋as鄭si曠fi捆ca緞ti幣onMRM昂R姻bas跨ed2c鴿las吉ses遵:Sof政tc評(píng)ave童s<段cl毀ass刃3Har聚dc樹ave余s>拆cl垂ass滔3SUP工POR明TD治ESI今GNDRA姿WPO母INT隸SP梯ACI擔(dān)NGDS=填I(lǐng)D言Zx粒IN旗TER押ACT命ION沫FA暖CTO羽RIn黨te季ra重ct碼io賣n積fa館ct累or慈sRan崗ge品fro臣m1污.2場(chǎng)to塑1.6Bl坊oc恢k喚ca汽ve調(diào)s勾no索m誘uc圾k讀pi餡le橋c貧on咽fi桿ne提me烈nt計(jì)=馳1片.5Re算ce糟nt夾l天ay長(zhǎng)ou請(qǐng)ts甩4泳c龍av映es裳(變25培m)Dil陷uti儉on羅30%疲ex敞tra旗cti濁on榮76限to活98%Cl洲as守s熟4Dr福aw非p棒oi街nt石s責(zé)4.額5烘to羞6宜m淋wi征deSpa眨cin敢gb喪etw止een爛11別to狹14蠶.5m85捷to栗98%圖ex妥tra梢cti依on=軋IF緩of到1.看2t蜜o1秧.376院to疏8容5%蟲e即xt謝ra縮慧ct描io創(chuàng)n巴=葉1.碼3盛to遠(yuǎn)1霧.514.稻5m抗=1享.613.質(zhì)5=昆1.數(shù)5Bul宵l&譯pa古ge>1練2m饑dra濾wp帝oin房誠(chéng)ts氣pac驢ing妖?Que擇sti肚ons候:-wh腳at計(jì)i藝nt僵er奇ac暑ti怖on炮f液ac名to智r灑us女ed眨?-浸ho鋤w肚se等ns發(fā)it錢iv嗎e剩to猜d弦ra渠w單co千nt漲ro憤l龍st僅an捆da擱rd乳?-P乞rob頭abi稈lit墾yo像fa家chi漸evi亮ng竄the黃ab桃ove垃?舅(30由%)-晌Ga管in禁s完co童mp具ar暗ed談t元o準(zhǔn)is祝ol衡at間ed犬d阿ra胞w州la桂yo西ut-r葬eco敲ver匹y/究dil恩uti唇on,浴su漲sta咽in塑dev.C酸APE賄XNo鳥t揪wr注on壁gPro漸bab泛ili劣sti項(xiàng)c/掉ris繳kf頌or亂rec綢ove們r(jià)yGoo鐘da親nsw左ers登no淋to怨pin豆ion跨re母qui定red13植m榮la橋yo朝ut跟s畝pa振ci裂ng望=惜re說co朗ve腳ryvsCA纖PE露X緞fo顯r主de剩vINC苗O/壩STO蠅BIEIs號(hào)ol識(shí)at幼ed久d壯ra樣w浴si蕉tu何at插io什n20埋0225m袖x翁25m要la柏you矮tsHu抹st自ru百id/L貝KAB唱l陣arg帝es作ub墊lev師els釋ba辟df智or群dil造uti筒onRed紀(jì)uce旺co詢sts意wi惹del的ys群pac貴ed沸dra泥wp險(xiǎn)oin拔ts臨and毯su樂bl悟eve架lsIs蕉thi誦sb扮adNoIns涼itu固gr更ade庫of祖th栽er碰ingCu奇t-斧of愉f日of凳s夫hu晨t-脈of堆f飛gr欺ad掀eDr亡aw微i數(shù)nt懸er染ac嗽ti演on茶i朋s歡a鼓se館co離nd吐ar賠y拋is興su旁eMu膜ck仿p糾il喂e世sa坡lt餃in近g溪ov睬er蜂t劉im涼eWha世tt撈oy敵ou到cal調(diào)ld丸ilu梳t(yī)io核nCON孤FUS蜓ED克?Dif階fer悔enc灰ea炊ppr芒oac懇he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