2013聽寫部分真題及答案

20116Contrarytotheoldwarningthattimewaitsfornoone,timeslowsdownwhenyouareonthemove.Italsoslowsdownmoreasyoumovefaster,whichmeansastronauts(宇航員)somedaymay(36) solonginspacethattheywouldreturntoanEarthofthe(37) future.Ifyoucouldmoveatthespeedoflight,yourtimewouldstandstill.Ifyoucouldmovefasterthanlight,yourtimewouldmove Althoughnoformofmatteryet movesasfastasorfaster experiments causesatraveler'stimetobestretched.AlbertEinstein(42) thisin1905,whenhe(43) theconceptofrelativetimeaspartofhisSpecialTheoryofRelativity.Asearchisnowunderwaytoconfirmtheedexistenceofparticlesofmatterthatmoveataspeedgreaterthanlight. ,mightserveasourpassportstothepast.Anobsession(沉迷)withtime-saving,gaining,wasting,losing,andmasteringit—seemstohavebeenapartofhumanityforaslongashumanshave(45) Humanityalsohasbeenobsessedwithtryingtocapturethemeaningoftime.Einsteinusedadefinitionoftimefor(46) purposes,asthatwhichismeasuredbyaclock.Thus,timeandtime’srelativityaremeasurablebyanyhourglass,alarmclock,oranatomicclockthatcanmeasureabillionthofasecond.201112Ourlivesarewoventogether.AsmuchasIenjoymyown(36) ,InolongerimagineIcangetthrougha(37) daymuchlessallmylife,(38) onmyown.EvenifIamon(39) inthemountains,Iameatingfoodsomeoneelsehasgrown,livinginahousesomeoneelsehasbuilt,wearingclothessomeoneelsehas(40) fromclothwovenbyothers,using(41) someoneelseisdistributingtomyhouse.(42) ofinterdependenceiseverywhere;weareonthis(43) AsIwasgrowingup,Irememberbeingcarefullytaughtthat(44) interdependencewaseverything.“Makeyourownway”,”Standonyourowntwofeet”ormymother’sfavoriteremarkwhenIwasface-to-facewithconsequencesofsomeaction:Nowthatyou’vemadeyourbed,lieonit.Totalindependenceisadominantthemeinourculture.Iimaginethatwhatmyparentsweretryingtoteachmewas(45) myactionsandmychoices.Buttheteachingwasshapedbyourculturalimages.Andinstead,IgrewupbelievingthatIwassupposedtobetotallyindependentandconsequentlybecameveryreluctanttoaskforhelp.Iwoulddoalmostanythingnottobea(46) andnotrequireanyhelpfromanybody.20126Studentshavebeencominingmoreandmoreaboutstolenproperty.Radios,phones,bicycles,pocket(36),andbookshaveallbeenreportedstolen.Arethereenoughcampustodothejob?Thereare20officersintheCampusSecurityDivisionTheirjobistocrime,accidentslostandfound(38),andtrafficproblemsoncampus.Morethanhalfoftheirtimeisspentdirectingtrafficandwritingparkingtickets.(39)promptlytoaccidentsandother(40) isimportant,butitistheirsmallestjob.Dealingwithcrimetakesuptherestoftheirtime.Very(41) doanyviolentcrimesactually(42).Inthelastfiveyearstherehavebeenno(43) robberiesandabout60otherviolentattacks,mostoftheseinvolvingfightsatparties.Ontheotherhand,therehavebeenhundredsoftheftsandcasesof(44) damagingofpublicproperty,whichusuallyinvolvesbreakingwindowsorlightsorwritingonwalls.Thetheftsarenotthecarefullynnedburglaries(入室)thatyouseeinmovies.Thingsgetstolenwhenit’seasytostealthem,becausetheyareleftlyingaround(45) Dowereallyneedmore?Hiringmorecampuswouldcostmoney,possiblymakingourtuitiongoupagain.Abetterwayto(46) thisproblemmightbeforallofustobemorecarefulwithourthings.201212月（第一套Americanstodayhavedifferenteatinghabitsthantheyhadinthepast.Thereisawide(36) offoodavailable.Theyhaveabroader(37) ofnutrition(營養(yǎng)),sotheybuymorefreshfruitand(38) thaneverbefore.Atthesametime,Americans(39) increasingtiesofsweetsandsodas.Statisticsshowthatthewaypeoplelive(40) thewaytheyeat.Americanlifestyleshavechanged.Therearenowgrowingnumbersofpeoplewholivealone, parentsandchildren,and efamilies.Thesechanginglifestylesare(42) fortheincreasingnumberofpeoplewhomust(43) mealsorsometimessimplygowithoutthem.ManyAmericanshavelesstimethaneverbeforetospendpreparingfood.Partly(44) thislimitedtime,overhalfofallAmericanhomesnowhavemicrowaveovens.Moreover,Americanseatoutnearlyfourtimesaweekonaverage.Itiseasytostudytheamountsandkindsoffoodthatpeopleconsume.TheUnitedStatesDepartmentofAgricultureandthefoodindustrycollectsalesstatisticsand(45) records.Thisinformationnotonlylsuswhatpeopleareeating,butalsolsusaboutthechangesinattitudesandtastes.Redmeat,whichusedtobethemostpopularchoicefordinner,is(46) anAmericanfavorite.Instead,chicken,turkeyandfishhave emorepopular.Salesofthesefoodshavegreatlyincreasedinrecentyears.201212月（第二套Timeis,fortheaverageAmerican,ofutmostimportance.Tothe(36)visitor,Americansseemtobemoreconcernedwithgettingthings(37)on(accordingtoapredeterminedschedule)thantheyarewithdevelodeep(38)relations.Schedules,fortheAmerican,aremeanttobennedandthenfollowedinthesmallest(39).ItmayseemtoyouthatmostAmericansarecompley(40)bythelittlemachinestheywearontheirwrists,cuttingtheirdiscussionsoff(41)tomakeittotheirnextappointmentontime.Americans'languageisfilledwith(42)totime,givingaclear(43)ofhowmuchitisvalued.Timeissomethingtobe"on,"tobe"kept,""filled,""saved,""wasted,""gained,""nned,""given,""madethemostof,"even"killed."Theinternationalvisitorsoonlearnsthatitisconsideredveryrudetobelate—evenby10minutes—foran(44) inAmerica.TimeissovaluedinAmerica,becausebyconsideringtimetobeimportantonecanclearlyachievemorethanifone"wastes"timeanddoesn'tkeepbusy.Thisphilosophyhasprovenitsworth.IthasenabledAmericanstobeextremelyproductive,and itselfishighlyvaluedinAmerica.ManyAmericanproverbs(諺語thevalueofguardingtime,usingitwisely,andsettingandworkingtowardspecificgoals.Americansbelieveinspendingtheirtimeandenergytodaysothatthe maybeenjoyedatalater20136月（第一套MyfavouriteTVshow?"TheTwilightZone."I26.liketheepisodecalled"ThePrinter'sDevil."It'saboutanewspapereditorwho'sbeing27. outofbusinessbyabignewspapersyndicate—youknow,agroupofpapers28.bythesamepeople.He'sabouttocommitsuicidewhenhe29.anoldmanwhosayshisnameisSmith.Theeditorisnotonlyoffered$5,000topayoffhisnewspaper'sdebts,butthisSmithcharacteralsooffershis30. for.Itturnsoutthattheguyoperatestheprintingmachinewithamazingspeed,andsoonhe'sturningoutnewspapers headlines.Thesmallpaperissuccessfulagain.The32.howquicklySmithgetshisstories—onlyminutesaftertheyhappen—butsoonhe33.acontracttosign.Mr.Smith,itseems,isreallythedevil!Theeditorisfrightenedbythisnews,butheismorefrightenedbytheideaoflosinghisnewspaper,soheagreestosign.ButsoonSmithisreportingthenewsevenbeforeithappens—andit'sall34.—onedisasterafteranother.Anyway,thereisalittlemoretol,butIdon'twanttoruinthestoryforyou.Ireallyliketheseoldepisodesof"TheTwilightZone"becausethestoriesarefascinating.Theyarenot35.,butthenagaininaway,theyare,becausetheydealwithhumannature.20136月（第二套Therewasatimewhenany alinformationthatwasgatheredaboutuswastypedonapieceofpaperandlockedawayinafilecabinet.Itcouldremainthereforyearsand,often26. ,neverreachtheoutsideworld.Thingshavedonea about-facesincethen. thechangebeentheastonishinglyswiftdevelopmentinrecentyearsofthecomputer.Today,anydatathatis aboutusinoneceoranother—andforonereasonor—canbestoredinacomputerbank.Itcanthenbeeasilypassedtoothercomputerbanks.Theyareownedbyindividualsandbyprivatebusinessesandcorporations,lending30. ,directmailingandemarketingfirms,creditbureaus,creditcardcompanies,andernment31. atthelocal,state,andfederallevel.AgrowingnumberofAmericansareseeingtheaccumulationanddistribution dataasafrighteninginvasionoftheirprivacy.SurveysshowthatthenumberofworriedAmericans33. overtheyearsasthecomputer es34. efficient,easiertooperate,andlesscostlytopurchaseandmaintain.In1970,anationalsurveyshowedthat27percentofthepeoplequestionedfelttheirprivacywasbeinginvaded.Sevenyearslater,47percentexpressedthesameworry.Arecentsurveybyacreditbureaurevealsthatthenumberofalarmedcitizens35. 76percent.201312月（第一套Manycollegestudentstoday alcomputersthatcostanywhere$1,000toperhaps$5,000ormore.26. ,itis monforthemto27. costinganotherseveralhundreddollars.Twentyyearsago,computers28. ,buttheywereverylargeandextremelyexpensive.Few,ifany,29. purchasedcomputersforhomeuse.Overtheyears,thepriceofthe“guts”ofa—itsmemory一hasdeclinedtolessthanathousandthofthepriceperunitmemorythatprevailedtwentyyearsago.Thisisthemainreasonwhycomputerscostsomuchlesstodaythantheyusedto.Moreover,30. improvementshavemadeitpossibleto31. memorycircuitrythatissmallenoughtofitintothealcomputersthatmanyofusownanduse.32. ,asthepricecomputationhasdeclinedtheaverageconsumerandbusinesshavespentmoreonpurchasingcomputers.33. ,improvedagriculturaltechnology,hybrid(雜交）seeds,34. animalbreeding,andsoonhavevastlyincreasedtheamountofoutputatypicalfarmercanproduce.Thepricesofgoodssuchasmeatsandgrainshavefallensharplyrelativetothepricesofmostothergoodsandservices.Asagriculturalpriceshavefallen,manyhouseholdshavedecreasedtheirtotalexpensesonfood.Eventhoughthe35. ofaproductpurchasedgenerallyincreaseswhenitspricefalls,totalexpensesonitmay201312月（第二套WhenCaptainCookaskedthechiefsinTahitiwhytheyalwaysate26. theyreplied,“Becauseitisright.”IfweaskAmericanswhytheyeatwithknivesandforks,orwhytheirmenwearpants27. orwhytheymaybemarriedtoonlyone atatime,wearelikelytoget28. veryuninformativeanswers:“Becauseit’sright.”“Becausethat’sthewayit’sdone.”“Becauseit’sthe29. .”O(jiān)reven‘‘Idon’tknow.”Thereasonfortheseandcountlessotherpatternsofsocialbehavioristhattheyare30. socialnorms—sharedrulesorguidelineswhichprescribethebehaviorthatisappropriateinagivensituation.Norms31. people‘‘ought”tobehaveunderparticularcircumstancesinaparticularsociety.Weconform(遵守）tonormssoreadilythatwearehardlyawarethey32. .Infact,wearemuchmorelikelytonotice33. normsthanconformitytothem.Youwouldnotbesurprisedifastrangertriedtoshakehan