甘肅省定西市2022-2023學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期1月期末英語(yǔ)試題（ 含答案解析 ）

第1頁(yè)/共1頁(yè)2023年定西市普通高中高一學(xué)生統(tǒng)一檢測(cè)考試英語(yǔ)考生注意：1.本試卷滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘。2.答題前，考生務(wù)必用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆將密封線內(nèi)項(xiàng)目填寫(xiě)清楚。3.考生作答時(shí)，請(qǐng)將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑;非選擇題請(qǐng)用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書(shū)寫(xiě)的答案無(wú)效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無(wú)效。4.本卷命題范圍：新北師大版必修Book1~Book2Unit4。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whydoesthewomanseldomgotothezoo?A.Shehatesthelongwaythere.B.She’sbusywithherbusiness.C.Shedislikestheanimals’smell.2.Whatisthemandoing?A.Askingforadvice.B.Expressinghisthanks.C.Makinganinvitation.3.Wherewillthemangofirstafterclass?A.Thetheater.B.Mr.White’soffice.C.Thelibrary.4.Whatdoesthemando?A.Ateacher.B.Amanager.C.Abookshopassistant.5.Whowillprobablytakecareofthedog?A.Nancy.B.Mark.C.Jason.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatisthemandissatisfiedwithaboutthewoolensuit?A.Thesize.B.Thestyle.C.Theprice.7.Whichsuitdoesthemandecidetobuy?A.Thedarkblueone.B.Thelightyellowone.C.Thedarkbrownone.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whydoesn’tthemanrecognizethewoman’svoiceatfirst?A.Somethingmightbewrongwithhisphone.B.Thewoman’svoiceistoolow.C.Thewomanhasabadcold.9.WhyisJudymentioned?A.Shemayneedanewjob.B.Shehasjustlosthercellphone.C.Nancydidn’tanswerherphone.10.WhoisJudy?A.Theman’sniece.B.Nancy’scousin.C.Theman’scousin.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.WhatdoesLucysayabouthermathteacher?A.He’simpatient.B.He’sstrict.C.He’sexperienced.12.WhoisLucy’sfavoriteteacher?A.Hermathteacher.B.HerEnglishteacher.C.Herartteacher.13.WhereisLucy’sartteacherfrom?A.Canada.B.England.C.America.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.WhydidthemangotoBangkok?A.Tovisitafriend.B.Togosightseeing.C.Todobusiness.15.Howdidthemangettotheairportatlast?ABybus.B.Bytruck.C.Bysubway.16.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Hegothomeat3:00a.m.B.Helefthishousekeysinthehotel.C.Hewaitedfourhoursforthenextflight.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatistheconferencemainlyabout?A.Airqualitycontrol.B.Theeffectofsmoking.C.Achievementsinproducingcoal.18.WhoisRichardL.Young?A.Areporter.B.Thechairman.C.Anexpert.19.Whenisthecoffeebreak?A.At10:00a.m.B.At11:30a.m.C.At1:30p.m.20.Wherearethemeetingfloors?A.Onthefirstfloor.B.Onthesecondfloor.C.Onthethirdfloor.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheNationalGalleryDescription:TheNationalGalleryistheBritishnationalartmuseumbuiltonthenorthsideofTrafalgarSquareinLondon.Ithousesadiversecollectionofmorethan2,300examplesofEuropeanartrangingfromthe13th-centuryreligiouspaintingstomoremodernonesbyRenoirandVanGogh.TheoldercollectionsofthegalleryarereachedthroughthemainentrancewhilethemoremodernworksintheEastWingaremosteasilyreachedfromTrafalgarSquarebyagroundfloorentrance.Layout(布局):ThemodernSainsburyWingonthewesternsideofthebuildinghousesthe13th-to15th-centurypaintings,andartistsincludeDuccio,Uccello,VanEyck,Lippi,Mantegna,BotticelliandMemling.ThemainWestWinghousesthe16th-centurypaintings,andartistsincludeLeonardodaVinci,Cranach,Michelangelo,Raphael,Bruegel,Bronzino,TitanandVeronese.TheNorthWinghousesthe17th-centurypaintings,andartistsincludeCaravaggio,Rubens,Poussin,VanDyck,Velazquez,ClaudeandVermeer.TheEastWinghousesthe18th-toearly20th-centurypaintings,andartistsincludeCanaletto,Goya,Turner,Constable,RenoirandVanGogh.OpeningHours:Thegalleryisopeneverydayfrom10amto6pm(Fridays10amto9pm)andisfree,butchargesapplytosomespecialexhibitions.GettingThere:Nearestundergroundstations:CharingCross(2-minutewalk),LeicesterSquare(3-minutewalk),Embankment(7-minutewalk),andPiccadillyCircus(8-minutewalk).1.WhichsubwaystationisthefarthestfromtheNationalGallery?A.CharingCross. B.PiccadillyCircus.C.LeicesterSquare. D.Embankment.2.WhereareVanGogh’sworksshown?A.IntheEastWing. B.InthemainWestWing.C.IntheSainsburyWing. D.IntheNorthWing.3.Whatcanwelearnaboutthegallery?A.ItisopenforeighthourseverydayexceptSaturdayandSunday.B.Youshouldpaytoenteritandchargesapplytoalloftheexhibitions.C.Ithousesadiversecollectionofmorethan2,300examplesofartworldwide.D.Youcanhaveaccesstothemoremoderncollectionsbyagroundfloorentrance.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹英國(guó)國(guó)家美術(shù)館的相關(guān)情況?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Nearestundergroundstations:CharingCross(2-minutewalk),LeicesterSquare(3-minutewalk),Embankment(7-minutewalk),andPiccadilyCircus(8-minutewalk).(最近的地鐵站：查令十字（步行2分鐘）、萊斯特廣場(chǎng)（步行3分鐘）、堤岸（步行7分鐘）和皮卡迪利廣場(chǎng)（步行8分鐘）。)”可知，最遠(yuǎn)的地鐵站是皮卡迪利廣場(chǎng)（步行8分鐘）。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Layout(布局)部分第四段“TheEastWinghousesthe18th-toearly20th-centurypaintings,andartistsincludeCanaletto,Goya,Turner,Constable,RenoirandVanGogh.(東翼收藏了18世紀(jì)至20世紀(jì)初的畫(huà)作，藝術(shù)家包括卡納萊托、戈雅、特納、康斯特布爾、雷諾阿和梵高。)”可知，梵高的作品在東翼。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“TheoldercollectionsofthegalleryarereachedthroughthemainentrancewhilethemoremodernworksintheEastWingaremosteasilyreachedfromTrafalgarSquarebyagroundfloorentrance.(畫(huà)廊的舊藏品可以通過(guò)主入口到達(dá)，而東翼更現(xiàn)代的作品最容易通過(guò)一樓的入口從特拉法加廣場(chǎng)到達(dá)。)”可知，可以通過(guò)一樓的入口進(jìn)入更現(xiàn)代的收藏品區(qū)。故選D。BWhenIwasahighschoolstudent,mathematicslookedlikeabigbarrier(障礙)formeandseveralofmyclassmates.MrIyer,astrictmathsteacher,wasalsoourclassteacher.Healwaysstucktohisdiscipline(紀(jì)律).Wehadtoarriveontime.payundividedattentiontohislectures,anddarednottoignoreanyofhishomework.Evenso,asourclassteacher,wegottoknowhimbetter.Noticingsomeofuscouldn’tsitstillandseemedrestlessonedayasthemid-termexamsapproached,hestoppedsolvingamathematicalproblemtoaskuswhy.“There’stoomuchtodo,”wesighed.“We’reafraidwe’llnevermanagetofinishourrevisionbeforetheexam.”“Nothingisimpossible.”MrIyertoldus.“Thisclassroomisonthesecondfloor.Doyouhaveaproblemreachinghere?”Wereactedwithblankstares.“No,youdon’t!”hesaid,answeringhisownquestion.“Youhaveastaircase(樓梯)tohelpyouclimbuptothislevel.Nooneexpectsyoutomakeitintwogiantleaps(跳躍).Yousimplytakeonestepatatime.Anytaskcanbesolvedifyoufocusontheimmediateactiontobetaken.Therestwilltakecareofitselfifyoukeepatit.Onestepatatime.That’sthesecret.”Thenhewrotedownanoldmottoontheblackboard—thelongestjourneystartswithasinglestep.Havingheardhisstaircaseanalogy(比擬),weunderstoodwhyheaskedusthequestionandwesawhiminanewlight.Mostofmyclassmatesscoreddistinctions(成績(jī)優(yōu)異)inmaths.AndIwentontobecomeanEnglishteacher.Tothisday,wheneverIpassonMrIyer’sinvaluableadvicetomyownstudents,theybrightenupattheprospectofalighteracademicburden.4.Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?A.ThewayMrIyertaughthisstudentsmaths.B.Thereasonwhymathswashardfortheauthor.C.Thestudents’pointsofviewonMrlyer’scharacter.D.Thebriefintroductionoftheauthor’smathsteacher,MrIyer.5.WhydidMrIyerstopsolvingamathematicalprobleminclass?A.MrIyerwasalittletiredandwantedtohavearest.B.Somestudentsmadetroubleandaffectedtheclass.C.Themathematicalproblemwasratherpuzzling.D.Somestudentsseemedimpatientandupset.6.Whatisthesecretofreachingone’sgoalaccordingtoMrIyer?A.Thereisonlyonestepbetweensuccessandfailure.B.Takeactionquicklyandmakeprogresslittlebylittle.C.Itisimportanttomakeuseofagoodopportunity.D.Don’thesitatetoaskforhelpwhenmeetingwithbarriers.7.HowdoestheauthorlikeMrIyer’sadvice?A.Strangeandimpractical. B.Incorrectandmisleading.C.Meaningfulandvaluable. D.Simpleanduninteresting.【答案】4.D5.D6.B7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者高中時(shí)候的班主任Iyer先生給學(xué)生們提供了寶貴的建議，要一步一步專(zhuān)注于行動(dòng)，這樣才可以解決任何任務(wù)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。由第一段“WhenIwasahighschoolstudent,mathematicslookedlikeabigbarrier(障礙)formeandseveralofmyclassmates.MrIyer,astrictmathsteacher,wasalsoourclassteacher.Healwaysstucktohisdiscipline(紀(jì)律).Wehadtoarriveontime.payundividedattentiontohislectures,anddarednottoignoreanyofhishomework.(當(dāng)我還是一名高中生時(shí)，數(shù)學(xué)對(duì)我和我的幾個(gè)同學(xué)來(lái)說(shuō)似乎是一個(gè)很大的障礙。Iyer先生是一位嚴(yán)格的數(shù)學(xué)老師，也是我們的班主任。他總是遵守紀(jì)律。我們必須準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)。專(zhuān)心聽(tīng)課，不敢忽視他的任何作業(yè)。)”可知，第一段主要簡(jiǎn)略介紹了作者數(shù)學(xué)老師Iyer。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段“Noticingsomeofuscouldn’tsitstillandseemedrestlessonedayasthemid-termexamsapproached,hestoppedsolvingamathematicalproblemtoaskuswhy.(有一天，當(dāng)期中考試臨近時(shí)，他注意到我們中的一些人坐不住了，似乎坐立不安，于是他停止了解一道數(shù)學(xué)題，問(wèn)我們?yōu)槭裁础?”可知，Iyer先生看到學(xué)生坐立不安所以停止了教學(xué)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三段“Yousimplytakeonestepatatime.Anytaskcanbesolvedifyoufocusontheimmediateactiontobetaken.Therestwilltakecareofitselfifyoukeepatit.Onestepatatime.That’sthesecret.(你只需一步一個(gè)腳印。如果你專(zhuān)注于立即采取的行動(dòng)，任何任務(wù)都可以解決。如果你堅(jiān)持下去，剩下的就自己解決了。一步一個(gè)腳印。這就是秘密。)”可知，Iyer先生認(rèn)為達(dá)到目標(biāo)的秘密是立即行動(dòng)并一步步努力去接近目標(biāo)。故選B項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。由最后一段“Tothisday,wheneverIpassonMrIyer’sinvaluableadvicetomyownstudents,theybrightenupattheprospectofalighteracademicburden.(時(shí)至今日，每當(dāng)我向自己的學(xué)生傳授Iyer先生的寶貴建議時(shí)，他們都會(huì)為減輕學(xué)業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)而感到高興。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為Iyer的建議是非常有價(jià)值的。故選C項(xiàng)。COurteenagersarelonely.AnewstudybyHarvard’sMakingCaringCommon(MCC)showsjusthowthatfeelinghasbeencommonandbecomeseriousduringthepastyearwhenwehadtokeepthesocialdistance.Oneyear’sonlinelearningandlifeinthebedroomsratherthantheclassroomsordorm(宿舍)roomscanmaketeenagersfeellonelierthanbefore.Teenagershavebeenmorelikelytobeinfluencedbylonelinessthanolderadults.Experiencinglonelinessiscertainlysad,butitisalsodangerous.Researchersfoundthat63%oftheyoungweresufferingfrombadsleep,anxiety,andpoorhealthduringthelockdown(封閉)andthatnearlyaquarterhadstartedorincreasedsomebadhabits,includingsmoking,drinkingandstayinguplatetodealwiththeirfeelings.Abouthalfoftheyoungpeopleinthestudy,whosaidtheyhadfeltlonely,explainedthatoverthepastweeksnotonepersonhadtakenmorethanjustafewminutestoaskhowtheyhadbeenlately.Itmadethemfeeltheyhadnoonewhoreallycaredaboutthem.Theirparentsthoughttheyhadmuchfreetimeafterlessonsanditseemedthattheyonlyworriedaboutwhethertheirchildrencouldperformtheirschoolworkattheleveltheyoncedid.Theydidn’tknowtheproblem.SianLeahBeilock,thepresidentofBarnardCollege,explainsthatyoungpeopledependonsocialmedia,whichmakesthemespeciallyweaktosocialmedia’sharm.Shealsosuggeststhatfewerclosefriendsmayexplainsomeofthefeelingsofloneliness.Shereportsthatin1986theaverageAmericanhadthreeclosefriendswithwhomtheycouldshareimportantthingsabouttheirlives.In2005,thatnumberhaddroppedtojusttwofriends.Andin2020,oneinfivemillennials(千禧一代)hadnofriendsatall.Theselevelsoflonelinessareheartbreaking.MCCsuggests,asanation,wefirstshouldfocusonteachingtheyoungtomakemeaningfulconnectionsbetweenpeopleandsupportthem.8.Whatdoesoneyear’sonlinelearningandlifeinthebedroomsleadto?A.Teenagers’gettinglonelier. B.Teenagers’gettingbusier.C.Teenagers’gettinghappier. D.Teenagers’gettinghealthier.9.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Badeffectslonelinesshasontheyoung. B.Badhabitsyoungpeopleoftendevelop.C.Benefitsofthelockdown. D.Causesofthelockdown.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“They”refertoinparagraph3?A.Theyoungpeople. B.Theparents. C.Thefriends. D.Theteachers.11.Howshouldtheyoungdeveloprelationshipwithothers?A.Quickly. B.Meaningfully. C.Widely. D.Patiently.【答案】8.A9.A10.B11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了青少年很孤獨(dú)的問(wèn)題，并鼓勵(lì)年輕人之間應(yīng)該建立有意義的聯(lián)系?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Oneyear’sonlinelearningandlifeinthebedroomsratherthantheclassroomsordorm(宿舍)roomscanmaketeenagersfeellonelierthanbefore.(一年的在線學(xué)習(xí)和在臥室而不是教室或宿舍的生活會(huì)讓青少年感到比以前更孤獨(dú))”可知，一年的在線學(xué)習(xí)和在臥室的生活讓青少年感到比以前更孤獨(dú)。故選A。【9題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Researchersfoundthat63%oftheyoungweresufferingfrombadsleep,anxiety,andpoorhealthduringthelockdown(封閉)andthatnearlyaquarterhadstartedorincreasedsomebadhabits,includingsmoking,drinkingandstayinguplatetodealwiththeirfeelings.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，63%的年輕人在封閉期間睡眠不好、焦慮和健康狀況不佳，近四分之一的人開(kāi)始或增加了一些壞習(xí)慣，包括吸煙、喝酒和熬夜來(lái)處理自己的情緒)”可知，這一段主要介紹了孤獨(dú)給年輕人造成的壞影響。故選A?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段“Theirparentsthoughttheyhadmuchfreetimeafterlessonsanditseemedthattheyonlyworriedwhethertheirchildrencouldperformtheirschoolworkattheleveltheyoncedid.Theydidn’tknowtheproblem.(他們的父母認(rèn)為他們課后有很多空閑時(shí)間，他們似乎只擔(dān)心孩子能否完成他們?cè)?jīng)的學(xué)業(yè)。他們不知道這個(gè)問(wèn)題)”可知，這里的They指代上文中的父母?jìng)?。故選B。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“wefirstshouldfocusonteachingtheyoungtomakemeaningfulconnectionsbetweenpeopleandsupportthem.(我們首先應(yīng)該專(zhuān)注于教育年輕人在人與人之間建立有意義的聯(lián)系并支持他們)”可推知，現(xiàn)在的年輕人之間應(yīng)該建立有意義的聯(lián)系。故選B。DAhydropower(水力發(fā)電)stationemployeewhohadbeenmissingafteramagnitude-6.8earthquake,onSept.5inSichuanprovince,hadbeenfoundaliveonSept.21.GanYu,28,wasrescuedonWednesdaymorningbyNiTaigao,avillagerinYaojinvillageinShimian,acountyundertheadministrationofYa’an,Sichuanprovince,Heheardhisyellforhelpinthemountain,accordingtoShenXiaobing,headofthetownship(鄉(xiāng))government.Astheearthquakewhoseepicenter(震中)isinneighbouringLudingcounty,inSichuan’sGanziTibetanautonomousprefecture,damagedNi’shouseinthemountainousvillage,hehadtorentahousedownthemountain.Twodaysago,NireturnedtothevillagetofeedhissheepandsawrescueworkerswhowerelookingforGanpasshisdamagedhouse.Ashewasfamiliarwiththemountain,hedecidedtoliveinarelative’shomeinthevillagewiththeintentionoflookingforGanduringthedaytime.At7amonWednesday,hetooktwobottlesofbeverages(飲料)andsomecandiesandsetoutfromtherelative’shome.Afterwalkingformorethantwohours,NiheardsomebodyyellingforhelponamountainslopeandfoundGanlyingintheforests.Gan’sclothesweretatteredandhehadinjuriesonhislegs.NiimmediatelycalledthelocalgovernmentandtookoutabottleofbeverageforGantodrinkslowly.Hismentalstatewasgood.Hecriedandsaidhewasluckytohavemetme,Nisaid.Gansaidhehadsurvivedbyeatingwildfruitsanddrinkingwater.At11:30amonWednesday,theearthquakereliefheadquartersofWanggangpingtownshipsent18rescueworkersandtwomedicalworkerstothesitewhereGanhadbeenfound.AhelicoptersenthimtotheLudingcountyseat(縣城),whereheisreceivingtreatmentinhospital.ThesitewhereGanhadbeenfoundinYaojinhasastraight-linedistanceofmorethan10kilometersfromtheWandongHydropowerStationwhereGanworks.Butthereareseveralpeaksinthemiddleandtheroadissteep,Shensaid.Aftertheearthquake,GanandLuostayedintheruinedstationwithoutmobilephonesignalsorfood.Theearthquakekilled93peopleinSichuan,with55inGanziand38inYa’an.12.WhydidNiTaigaoliveinarelative’shomeinthevillage?A.Tolookafterhisrelative. B.Toleadrescueworkers.C.TosearchforGanYuintheday. D.Tofeedhissheepduringthedaytime.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tattered”meaninparagraph5?A.Old. B.Fashionable. C.Changed. D.Torn.14.WhatdoweknowaboutGanYu?A.Hewasasleepwhenhewasfound.B.Hesurvivedbyeatingplantrootsanddrinkingwater.C.HewascarriedtotheLudingcountyseatbyhelicopter.D.Hewasfoundatthefootofamountainbesidetheforest.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthenewsreport?A.Amagnitude-6.8earthquakekills93peopleinSichuan.B.GanandLuostayinruinedstationaftermagnitude-6.8earthquake.C.Manmissingfor17daysaftermagnitude-6.8earthquakefoundalive.D.Localgovernmenttriestosavemanmissingfor17daysafterearthquake.【答案】12.C13.D14.C15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述在9月5日四川省發(fā)生了6.8級(jí)地震，一名失蹤的水電站員工在失蹤17天后被發(fā)現(xiàn)還活著?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Ashewasfamiliarwiththemountain,hedecidedtoliveinarelative’shomeinthevillagewiththeintentionoflookingforGanduringthedaytime.(由于他對(duì)這座山很熟悉，他決定住在村里一個(gè)親戚家里，打算在白天尋找甘宇。)”可知，倪太高住在村里親戚家里是為了在白天尋找甘宇。故選C?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段“NiheardsomebodyyellingforhelponamountainslopeandfoundGanlyingintheforests.(倪聽(tīng)到有人在山坡上大聲呼救，發(fā)現(xiàn)甘躺在森林里。)”可知，地震之后，甘宇一個(gè)人躺在森林里，說(shuō)明他的情況很不好，所以他的衣服應(yīng)該是被樹(shù)枝劃破了，腿也受傷了。所以tattered的意思應(yīng)該是“破的”，和選項(xiàng)D意思一致。故選D?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“AhelicoptersenthimtotheLudingcountyseat(縣城),whereheisreceivingtreatmentinhospital.(一架直升機(jī)把他送到了瀘定縣城，他正在醫(yī)院接受治療。)”可知，甘宇坐直升機(jī)到了瀘定縣城。故選C。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Ahydropower(水力發(fā)電)stationemployeewhohadbeenmissingafteramagnitude-6.8earthquake,onSept.5inSichuanprovince,hadbeenfoundaliveonSept.21.(9月5日，四川省發(fā)生6.8級(jí)地震，一名失蹤的水電站員工于9月21日被發(fā)現(xiàn)還活著。)”可知，這篇新聞報(bào)道主要講述9月5日四川省發(fā)生了6.8級(jí)地震，一名失蹤的水電站員工在失蹤17天后被發(fā)現(xiàn)還活著。故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtoStudyatHomeEffectivelyStudyingathomeiscomfortableandrelaxing.___16___.WatchingTV,eatingsnacksorlookingthroughsocialmediamaytakeyouawayfromyourstudy.Hereareafewwaystohelpyoubeeffective.Getagoodnight’ssleepStudentsofallagesshouldgetatleasteighthoursofsleepeverynight.___17___.Andafullnight’ssleepisespeciallyimportantthenightbeforeatest.StudyattherighttimeEverystudenthashis/herowndailyhighsandlows.___18___.Don’ttrytoforceyourselftostudywhenyourbrainisn’tatitsbest.Trytostudywhenyouarethemostenergetic,sothatyouareabletogainmoreinformation.___19___Whetherit’sthekitchentableorthedeskinyourbedroom,itisnecessarytocreateafixedstudyarea.Trytoreserve(保留)yourbedforsleepingandavoidstudyinginit.Studyinginbedcanmakeyoufeelsleepy.Andkeepyourfixedstudyspaceorganizedsoyoucanputmoretimeintostudyinginsteadoflookingforapenorotherthings.CreateatimetableCreatingatimetablehelpstoorganizeyourtime.___20___.Writeyourscheduledownsoyoucanrefertoitoften.Setreasonablelimitsforhowmuchtimeyouspendstudyingeachday,andbreakyourstudytimeintomanageableperiodsoftime.A.HaveafixedstudyareaB.YourtimemaybewastedC.AndyoucanstudyathomewiththehelpofInternetD.However,itcanbedifficulttostudyathomeeffectivelyEItisespeciallyusefulwhenyouhavedifferentsubjectstostudyF.Somepeoplearenightowls(夜貓子)whileotherspreferthemorningG.Itcanensurethebrainisrefreshedandreadytoprocessalloftheinformationduringtheday【答案】16.D17.G18.F19.A20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹在家高效學(xué)習(xí)的方法。【16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Studyingathomeiscomfortableandrelaxing.(在家學(xué)習(xí)既舒適又放松。)”和下文“WatchingTV,eatingsnacksorlookingthroughsocialmediamaytakeyouawayfromyourstudy.(看電視、吃零食或?yàn)g覽社交媒體可能會(huì)讓你遠(yuǎn)離學(xué)習(xí)。)”可知，上下文是轉(zhuǎn)折的關(guān)系，實(shí)際上在家學(xué)習(xí)有很多缺點(diǎn)。選項(xiàng)D“然而，在家有效學(xué)習(xí)可能很困難?！焙蜕舷挛囊馑家恢?。故選D?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Studentsofallagesshouldgetatleasteighthoursofsleepeverynight.(所有年齡段的學(xué)生每晚都應(yīng)該至少睡八個(gè)小時(shí)。)”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)要有充足的睡眠，空處應(yīng)該承接上文，指出睡眠充足的好處。選項(xiàng)G“它可以確保大腦恢復(fù)活力，并準(zhǔn)備好在一天中處理所有信息?！焙蜕衔囊馑家恢?。故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Everystudenthashis/herowndailyhighsandlows.(每個(gè)學(xué)生每天都有自己的高潮和低谷。)”可知，每個(gè)人學(xué)習(xí)的高效時(shí)刻都不一樣。選項(xiàng)F“有些人是夜貓子，而其他人更喜歡早上?！焙蜕衔囊馑家恢隆９蔬xF。【19題詳解】此處是本段小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)下文“Whetherit’sthekitchentableorthedeskinyourbedroom,itisnecessarytocreateafixedstudyarea.(無(wú)論是廚房的桌子還是臥室的桌子，都有必要?jiǎng)?chuàng)建一個(gè)固定的學(xué)習(xí)區(qū)域。)”可知，這一段強(qiáng)調(diào)要有一個(gè)固定的學(xué)習(xí)區(qū)域。選項(xiàng)A“有一個(gè)固定的學(xué)習(xí)區(qū)域。”能概括本段。故選A?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Creatingatimetablehelpstoorganizeyourtime.(制定時(shí)間表有助于安排你的時(shí)間。)”可知，這一段強(qiáng)調(diào)制定時(shí)間表的重要性。選項(xiàng)E“當(dāng)你有不同的科目要學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)，它特別有用?！焙蜕衔囊馑家恢?。故選E。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。GulnaraTolmachevafromRussiahassettleddownandrealizedherdreaminKaramay,aChinesecityabout1,000kilometersawayfromherhomeinNovosibirsk.ThoughhavinghadinterestintheChineselanguageandculturesinceTolmachevawasyoung,the46-year-olddidnotpayherfirstvisittoChinauntil2009.“InUrumqi,Isawdifferentethnicgroups,busynight___21___,andrestaurants___22___variouskindsoffood,”shesays.___23___bythelivelyand___24___diverse(多樣的)city,Tolmacheva___25___tostudyChineseinUrumqi,Xinjiang,in2013.Tolmachevaandherfamily___26___Karamayin2019aftergettingajobofferfromtheChinaUniversityofPetroleum-BeijingatKaramay.She___27___littleaboutthecity___28___itsoilresources,butshenowseesKaramayashersecond___29___.Duringthepandemic,thecompanionship(情誼)ofherstudentsandcolleagues,andthe_____30_____frommanagementpersonnel(管理人員),madeherfeelathome.“Everymorningwewouldwritealistoffoodweneed,whichwouldbe_____31_____bytheevening,”Tolmachevarecalls.“Itoldmyparentsthatwehavefood,myworkisgoingwell,andmysonisquite_____32_____.”Tolmachevaworkedhardtoinspireherstudents.“Language_____33_____isveryimportant,”shesays.“SoItriedmybesttoteachthemRussiansongsand_____34_____shortplays,evenduringonlinecourses.”Tolmachevaalsoappreciatedthewaypeopleofdifferentethnicgroups_____35_____inXinjiang.“LastyearIgavelecturestopeopleinthepetroleumindustry,”shesays.“They’refromdifferentethnicgroups.Allofthemhaveagoodrelationship,andallofthemareworkinghard.”21.A.classes B.markets C.libraries D.offices22.A.keeping B.buying C.packing D.serving23.A.Attracted B.Puzzled C.Frightened D.Shocked24.A.annually B.fortunately C.occasionally D.culturally25.A.failed B.dared C.chose D.refused26.A.movedto B.pointedto C.repliedto D.referredto27.A.reported B.knew C.wrote D.cared28.A.inreturnfor B.becauseof C.exceptfor D.insteadof29.A.home B.university C.company D.city30.A.pressure B.disappointment C.affair D.care31.A.ordered B.delivered C.stored D.wasted32.A.shy B.friendly C.smart D.healthy33.A.research B.translation C.environment D.talent34.A.read B.organize C.collect D.publish35.A.getalong B.workout C.turnup D.showoff【答案】21.B22.D23.A24.D25.C26.A27.B28.C29.A30.D31.B32.D33.C34.B35.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述來(lái)自俄羅斯的古爾納拉·托爾瑪切娃（GulnaraTolmacheva）在克拉瑪依定居并實(shí)現(xiàn)了她的夢(mèng)想的故事。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“在烏魯木齊，我看到了不同的民族，繁忙的夜市和供應(yīng)各種食物的餐館，”她說(shuō)。A.classes課；B.markets市場(chǎng)；C.libraries圖書(shū)館；D.offices辦公室。根據(jù)上文“busynight”可知，這里指熙熙攘攘的夜市。故選B。【22題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“在烏魯木齊，我看到了不同的民族，繁忙的夜市和供應(yīng)各種食物的餐館，”她說(shuō)。A.keeping保持；B.buying購(gòu)買(mǎi)；C.packing打包；D.serving提供。根據(jù)上文“restaurants”可知，這里指提供各種各樣食物的餐館。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：被這座充滿活力和多元文化的城市所吸引，托爾馬切娃于2013年選擇在新疆烏魯木齊學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)。A.Attracted吸引；B.Puzzled困惑；C.Frightened害怕；D.Shocked震驚。根據(jù)下文“thelivelyand___4___diverse(多樣的)city,Tolmacheva___5___tostudyChineseinUrumqi,”可知，Tolmacheva被這個(gè)充滿活力和具有多種文化的城市所吸引了。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：被這座充滿活力和多元文化的城市所吸引，托爾馬切娃于2013年選擇在新疆烏魯木齊學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)。A.annually實(shí)際上；B.fortunately幸運(yùn)地；C.occasionally偶爾；D.culturally文化地。根據(jù)上文“Isawdifferentethnicgroups”可知，在烏魯木齊有多樣的文化。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：被這座充滿活力和多元文化的城市所吸引，托爾馬切娃于2013年選擇在新疆烏魯木齊學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)。A.failed失敗；B.dared敢；C.chose選擇；D.refused拒絕。根據(jù)下文“tostudyChineseinUrumqi”可知，托爾馬切娃被這個(gè)充滿活力和具有多種文化的城市所吸引了，所以選擇在烏魯木齊學(xué)習(xí)漢語(yǔ)。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：2019年，托爾馬切娃和她的家人在得到中國(guó)石油大學(xué)(北京)克拉瑪依分校的工作邀請(qǐng)后搬到了克拉瑪依。A.movedto搬到；B.pointedto指向；C.repliedto回應(yīng)；D.referredto提到。根據(jù)下文“aftergettingajobofferfromtheChinaUniversityofPetroleum-BeijingatKaramay”可知，Tolmacheva收到中國(guó)石油大學(xué)北京克拉瑪依分校的工作邀請(qǐng)，所以在那之后，她應(yīng)該是舉家搬到了克拉瑪依生活。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：除了石油資源，她對(duì)這座城市知之甚少，但她現(xiàn)在把克拉瑪依視為自己的第二個(gè)家。A.reported報(bào)道；B.knew知道；C.wrote寫(xiě)；D.cared關(guān)心。根據(jù)上文“ThoughhavinghadinterestintheChineselanguageandculturesinceTolmachevawasyoung,the46-year-olddidnotpayherfirstvisittoChinauntil2009.”可知，托爾馬切娃和家人第一次來(lái)中國(guó)，所以對(duì)克拉瑪依了解很少。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：除了石油資源，她對(duì)這座城市知之甚少，但她現(xiàn)在把克拉瑪依視為自己的第二個(gè)家。A.inreturnfor作為回報(bào)；B.becauseof因?yàn)?；C.exceptfor除了……以外；D.insteadof而不是。根據(jù)下文“itsoilresources”可知，除了石油資源，托爾馬切娃對(duì)克拉瑪依這個(gè)城市知之甚少。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：除了石油資源，她對(duì)這座城市知之甚少，但她現(xiàn)在把克拉瑪依視為自己的第二個(gè)家。A.home家；B.university大學(xué)；C.company公司；D.city城市。根據(jù)上文“but”可知，上下文是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，以前托爾馬切娃對(duì)克拉瑪依這個(gè)城市知之甚少，但現(xiàn)在是她第二個(gè)家。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在疫情期間，她的學(xué)生和同事的陪伴，以及管理人員的關(guān)心，讓她感到賓至如歸。A.pressure壓力；B.disappointment失望；C.affair事情；D.care關(guān)心。根據(jù)下文“madeherfeelathome”可知，能夠使得她感覺(jué)賓至如歸的應(yīng)該是她的學(xué)生、同事的陪伴和管理部門(mén)對(duì)她的關(guān)心。故選D。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“每天早上，我們都會(huì)寫(xiě)一張我們需要的食物清單，這些食物會(huì)在晚上送到，”托爾馬切娃回憶說(shuō)。A.ordered命令；B.delivered遞送；C.stored儲(chǔ)存；D.wasted浪費(fèi)。根據(jù)上文“Everymorningwewouldwritealistoffoodweneed”可知，他們每天早上寫(xiě)出所需要的食物單子，這些食物應(yīng)該是會(huì)在晚上之前送達(dá)。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我告訴父母，我們有食物，我的工作進(jìn)展順利，我的兒子很健康。A.shy害羞的；B.friendly友好的；C.smart聰明的；D.healthy健康的。根據(jù)上文“Duringthepandemic”可知，這是在疫情期間，所以托爾馬切娃會(huì)告訴父母她家人的身體健康情況。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“語(yǔ)言環(huán)境很重要，”她說(shuō)。A.research研究；B.translation翻譯；C.environment環(huán)境；D.talent能力。根據(jù)上文“Tolmachevaworkedhardtoinspireherstudents.”可知，托爾馬切娃是要教學(xué)生們學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言，所以給他們創(chuàng)造語(yǔ)言環(huán)境很重要。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：因此我盡最大努力教他們俄語(yǔ)歌，組織表演短劇，即使在網(wǎng)課上也是這樣。A.read讀；B.organize組織；C.collect收集；D.publish印刷。根據(jù)下文“shortplays”可知，表演短劇應(yīng)該是需要提前安排組織好。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：托爾馬切娃也很欣賞新疆不同民族人民之間的相處方式。A.getalong相處；B.workout解決；C.turnup出現(xiàn)；D.showoff炫耀。根據(jù)下文“They’refromdifferentethnicgroups.Allofthemhaveagoodrelationship”可知，新疆不同少數(shù)民族之間相處的很好。故選A。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。IbegantogrowupthatwinternightwhenmyparentsandIwerereturningfrommyaunt’shouse,andmymothersaidthatwe___36___(leave)forAmericasoon.Thecountrycouldbe___37___(access)tousatthetime.Wewereonthebusthen.Iwascryingandsomepeopleonthebuswereturningaroundtolookatme.Mymothersaidtome,“Youarebeinglookedatbythepassengersnow.”Inaddition,sheaskedme,“YoumusthavelearnedaboutAmericabefore,haven’tyou?”Isaidyes.IrememberthatIcouldnotbearthethoughtofneverhearingagaintheradioprogramforschoolchildrenwhichIlistenedtoeverymorning.Idonotremembermyselfcryingforthisreasonagain.Infact,IthinkIcriedlittlewhenIwassayinggoodbyetomyfriendsandrelatives,thoughIwas___38___(concern)withthem.Whenwewereleaving,Ithoughtaboutalltheplaces___39___Iwasgoingtosee-strangeandmagicalplacesIhadknownonlyfrombooksandpictures.The___40___(image)ofAmericawereforminginmymind.Thefouryearsthatfollowedtaughtmetheimportanceofthinkingaboutanddealingwithmatterspositivelyandappropriately,buttheide