大學(xué)思辨英語精讀備課Unit-1

Unit1TrustandCharacterTextADoYouLikeItHere?(Thestorywaspublishedin1939)Wordsandphrasesexpectedofstudentstounderstandphooey:int.(informal):usedtoexpressdisgustorcontempteyeshade:avisorwornonheardforprotectionagainstglareensuite:adj.adv.inorasapartofasetmakeroundsof:togofromplacetoplace(forinspection)bawlout(atsb)swingaround:turnaround(asifonahingeorpivot)torturetactics:proceed:goonhalt:stoporpausethrowin:toinsertorintroduceintothecourseofsomethinggratuitously：freeofcharge;(unnecessarily,withoutapparentreason)certifiedpublicaccountant(CPA)peripatetic:walkingortravellingaboutonaccountof:becauseof,forthesakeofimposing:veryimpressiveinsomesmallmeasureabiding:lastingforalongtime,enduringinstitute(asearch)(turn)yellow:(slang)cowardlygivesbone’swordofhonor:solemnpromise,hefuturePreparatoryWorkJohnO’Hara(1905-1970),akeenobserverofsocialstatusandclassdifferences,andwrotefrequentlyaboutthesociallyambitious.Hisfatherdiedatthattime,leavinghimunabletoafford\o"YaleUniversity"Yale,thecollegeofhischoice.Byallaccounts,thisdisappointmentaffectedO'Haradeeplyfortherestofhislifeandservedtohonethekeensenseofsocialawarenessthatcharacterizeshiswork.Heworkedasareporterforvariousnewspapers.Hegarneredmuchcriticalacclaimforhisshortstories,morethan200ofwhich,beginningin1928,appearedin\o"TheNewYorker"TheNewYorker.In1934,O'Harapublishedhisfirstnovel,\o"AppointmentinSamarra"AppointmentinSamarra,whichwasacclaimedonpublication.ThisistheO'Haranovelthatismostconsistentlypraisedbycritics.\o"ErnestHemingway"ErnestHemingwaywrote:"Ifyouwanttoreadabookbyamanwhoknowsexactlywhatheiswritingaboutandhaswrittenitmarvelouslywell,readAppointmentinSamarra."\o"HaroldBloom"HaroldBloomnamedittothe\o"Westerncanon"Westerncanon.Ontheotherhand,writinginthe\o"AtlanticMonthly"AtlanticMonthlyofMarch2000,criticBenjaminSchwarzandwriterChristinaSchwarzclaimed:"Sowidespreadistheliteraryworld'sscornforJohnO'Harathattheinclusion...ofAppointmentinSamarraonthe\o"ModernLibrary"ModernLibrary'slistofthe100best[English-language]novelsofthetwentiethcenturywasusedtoridiculetheentireproject."Theepitaphonhistombstone,whichhewrotehimself,reads:"Betterthananyoneelse,hetoldthetruthabouthistime.Hewasaprofessional.Hewrotehonestlyandwell."Ofthis,Gillcommented:"Fromthefarsideofthegrave,heremainsself-defensiveandoverbearing.Betterthananyoneelse?Notmerelybetterthananyotherwriteroffictionbutbetterthananydramatist,anypoet,anybiographer,anyhistorian?Itisanastonishingclaim."(extractedfromWikipedia)JohnO'Hara2.Aconversationalstyleanddispassionatevoice.3.Psychologicalbullyingisoftendifficulttoignore.Bulliestormenttheirvictimsinmanyways.Tormentingthemisnotenough,theyhavetohumiliatethemandridiculetheirvictimsaswell.Bulliesusewordstodestroytheirvictims,andthesewordscanhurtworsethanaphysicalblow.Peopleoftensay,“Sticksandstonesmayhurtmybones,butwordswillneverhurt”.Intoday’ssociety,thisphraseissimplynottrue.Wordsdohurt,andtheydodestroylives.Psychologicalbullyingdestroysthecharacteroftheirvictim.Thebullymakesthevictimthecenterofhisabuse.Inotherwords,thebullytakeshisorherangerandfrustrationoutonthevictim.4.ThePhiBetaKappakeyisoneofthisnation'smostdistinctivesymbolsand,infact,tracesitsoriginstotheeraoftheAmericanRevolution.Conceivedin1776byagroupoftalentedundergraduatesattheCollegeofWilliamandMaryasanemblemoftheirsecret"philosophicalsociety,"thekeyproclaimsPhiBetaKappa'scenturies-oldconvictionthat"Theloveofwisdom(is)theguideofLife."AstheSocietytheycreatedencompassedmoreofthenation'sfinestcollegesanduniversities,itskeybecameauniversallyrecognizedmarkofacademicachievementintheliberalartsandsciences.KEYS（4）Bythistimehehadguessedwhatitwasallabout.Hewasrelievedbecausehehadaclearconscience.Hedidn’thavetoliewhenconfrontedwiththequestionaboutthewatch.Previouslyheprobablydidhavetoliewhensayinghelikedithere.（5）VanNesswasconvincedthatRobertswasthethiefandexpectedthathewouldcertainlydenyhisstealingthewatch.HewouldthinkRobertswouldbedevastatedbyhisinterrogationandthatwasexactlywhathewanted.Hehadeverythingundercontrol.（6）The“bastard”couldrefertoVanNessorHughes.Robertswasangryatfirst,thenheknewitwasnousefightingbackashehadlearneditfromhispreviousexperiences.Thingsalwaysendedlikethis.（7）Thetitle:colloquial,dramatic.Turnsouttobeamaliciousquestion.（8）Roberts’pointofview.Ifitwerethefirst-personnarration,thetonewouldbeangry,itwouldbemoreaboutclearingthename,acaseofbeingwronged.FromVanNess’spointofview,itwouldbeabouthowherantheschoolandhowhewouldteachRobertsamorallesson.LanguageEnhancementIWordsandphrases(1)occupation(2)occupant(3)preoccupy(4)contempt(5)contemptible(6)contempt2.“peri-”:enclosing,encircling,oraroundperipheral;perinatal(relatingtotheperiodaroundchildbirth);perimeter;periodic;periphrastic“-tic”:pertainingtotherapeutic;static;paralytic;dramatic;pathetic(1)institute(2)urge(3)transfer(4)institute(5)transferred(6)urging(1)innate(2)intrinsic(3)inherent(4)scheme(5)tactic(6)strategy(1)insomemeasure(2)onaccountof(3)atanyrate(4)allright(adv.meaningwithoutdoubt)(5)thrownin(6)gowith(7)bawlout(8)throwinIISentencesandrhetoricParaphraseWell,tellmeaboutyourlifebeforeyoudecidedtodousthehonorofhavingyouasastudenthere.Don’tbetoomodesttosuppressyourdesiretotellthegoodstuffaboutyourself.Chicago,Illinois!Well,abitofgeographicalknowledgeformybenefit,right,Roberts?Andfreeofcharge.ButIswear,howeverdifficultitisI’mgoingtofindoutwhothethiefis.Translation(1)如果他在什么事情上要訓(xùn)斥你，無關(guān)緊要的事情，他會查看他帶在身邊的一張單子，然后他會到你房間里把你訓(xùn)斥一通，并告訴你會有什么相應(yīng)的懲罰。(2)既然你這么見多識廣，在教育問題上你自然也是權(quán)威了。我想對于現(xiàn)代教育體制中固有的利弊，你一定是有很多理論的。(3)轉(zhuǎn)椅隨著范·內(nèi)斯的身體前傾而回落，他的肚子緊緊地抵著辦公桌，一條胳膊在桌上伸直了杵過來，手上握成個拳頭。(4)Thingsgotsobadthatthebossbawledhimout.(5)OnlyblackcangowithMrs.Smith’selegantstyle.(6)Heclaimedtobeanauthorityoninternationallaw,butfailedtofigureouteventhebasicfactsofthiscase.(7)Thedoorswungopenandthereappearedafamiliarfigure.(8)Itmustbeacknowledgedthattheirsuccessisinagreatmeasureduetothei