英語四級真題

4/6PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayontheimportanceofspeakingabilityandhowtodevelopit.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartIIListeningComprehension(30minutes)(同前二套)PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Neon(霓虹)istoHongKongasredphoneboothsaretoLondonandfogistoSanFrancisco.Whennightfalls,redandblueandothercolors26ahazy(霧蒙蒙的)glowoveracitylitupbytensofthousandsofneonsigns.Butmanyofthemaregoingdark,27bymorepractical,butlessromantic,LEDs(發(fā)光二極管).Changingbuildingcodes,evolvingtastes,andthehighcostofmaintainingthosewonderfuloldsignshavebusinessesembracingLEDs,whichareenergy28,butstillcarrygreatcost."Tome,neonrepresentsmemoriesofthepast,"saysphotographerSharonBlance,whoseseriesHongKongNeoncelebratesthecity'sfamoussigns."LookingatthesignsnowIgetafeelingofamazement,mixedwithsadness."Buildinganeonsignisanartpracticedby29trainedonthejobtomoldglasstubesinto30shapesandletters.Theyfillthesetubeswithgasesthatglowwhen31.Neonmakesorange,whileothergasesmakeyelloworblue.Ittakesmanyhourstocraftasinglesign.BlancespentaweekinHongKongand32morethan60signs;22ofthemappearintheseriesthatcapturethesignslightinguplonelystreets—an33thatmakesiteasytoadmiretheircolorsandcraftsmanship."Ilovethebeautiful,handcrafted,old-fashioned34ofneon,"saysBlance.Thesignsdonothingmorethan35arestaurant,theater,orotherbusiness,butdosointhemoststrikingwaypossible.alternativeD)challengingG)electrifiedJ)professionalsM)stimulateapproachE)decorativeH)identifyK)qualityN)symbolizescastF)efficientI)photographedL)replacedO)volunteersSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.NewJerseySchoolDistrictEasesPressureonStudents—BaringanEthnicDivideA)Thisfall,DavidAderhold,thechiefofahigh-achievingschooldistrictnearPrinceton,NewJersey,sentparentsanalarming16letter.Theschooldistrict,hesaid,wasfacingacrisis.Itsstudentswereoverburdenedandstressedout,havingtocopewithtoomuchworkandtoomanydemands.Inthepreviousschoolyear,120middleandhighschoolstudentswererecommendedformentalhealthassessmentsand40werehospitalized.Andonasurveyadministeredbythedistrict,studentswrotethingslike,"Ihategoingtoschool,"and"Comingoutof12yearsinthisdistrict,Ihavelearnedonething:thatagrade,apercentageorevenapointistobevaluedoveranythingelse."B)Withhisletter,AderholdinsertedWestWindsor-PlainsboroRegionalSchoolDistrictintoanationaldiscussionabouttheintensefocusonachievementateliteschools,andwhetherithasgonetoofar.Atfollow-upmeetings,heurgedparentstojoinhiminadvocatinga"wholechild"approachtoschoolingthatrespects"social-emotionaldevelopment"and"deepandmeaningfullearning"overacademicsalone.Thealternative,hesuggested,wastofacetheprospectofbecominganotherPaloAlto,California,whereoutsizestressonteenagestudentsisbelievedtohavecontributedtoanumberofsuicidesinthelastsixyears.C)Butinsteadofbringingfamiliestogether,Aderhold'sletterrevealedadivideinthedistrict,whichhas9,700students,andonethatbrokedownroughlyalongraciallines.OnonesidearewhiteparentslikeCatherineFoley,aformerpresidentoftheParent-Teacher-StudentAssociationatherdaughter'smiddleschool,whohascometoseethedistrict'sincreasinglypressuredatmosphereasopposedtolearning."Mysonwasinfourthgradeandtoldme,'I'mnotgoingtoamounttoanythingbecauseIhavenothingtoputonmyresume,'"shesaid.OntheothersideareparentslikeMikeJia,oneofthethousandsofAsian-Americanprofessionalswhohavemovedtothedistrictinthepastdecade,whosaidAderhold'sreformswouldamounttoa"dumbingdown"ofhischildren'seducation."Whatishappeningherereflectsanationalanti-intellectualtrendthatwillnotprepareourchildrenforthefuture,"Jiasaid.D)About10minutesfromPrincetonandanhourandahalffromNewYorkCity,WestWindsorandPlainsborohavebecomepopularbedroomcommunitiesfortechnologyentrepreneurs,researchersandengineers,drawninlargepartbythepublicschools.Fromthelastthreegraduatingclasses,16seniorswereadmittedtoMIT.ItproducesScienceOlympiadwinners,classicallytrainedmusiciansandstudentswithperfectSATscores.E)ThedistricthasbecomeincreasinglypopularwithimmigrantfamiliesfromChina,IndiaandKorea.Thisyear,65percentofitsstudentsareAsian-American,comparedwith44percentin2007.ManyofthemarethefirstintheirfamiliesbornintheUnitedStates.Theyhavehadagrowinginfluenceonthedistrict.Asian-Americanparentsareenthusiasticsupportersofthecompetitiveinstrumentalmusicprogram.Theyhavebeenhugesupportersofthedistrict'sadvancedmathematicsprogram,whichoncebeganinthefourthgradebutwillnowstartinthesixth.Thechangetotheprogram,inwhich90percentoftheparticipatingstudentsareAsian-American,isoneofAderhold'sreforms.F)Asian-Americanstudentshavebeeneagerparticipantsinastateprogramthatpermitsthemtotakesummerclassesoffcampusforhighschoolcredit,allowingthemtomaximizethenumberofhonorsandAdvancedPlacementclassestheycantake,anotherpracticethatAderholdislimitingthisschoolyear.WithmanyAsian-Americanchildrenattendingsupplementaryinstructionalprograms,thereisaperceptionamongsomewhitefamiliesthattheelementaryschoolcurriculumisbeingspeduptoaccommodatethem.G)BothAsian-AmericanandwhitefamiliessaythetensionbetweenthetwogroupshasgrownA)Itmakesthemawareofwhattheyarestrongat.B)Itmotivatesthemtotrynovelwaysofteaching.C)Ithelpsthemlearntheiracademicsubjectsbetter.D)Itenablesthemtobetterunderstandtheirteachers.49.Whatdostudentsdototeachtheirteachableagents?A)Theymotivatethemtothinkindependently.B)Theyaskthemtodesigntheirownquestions.C)Theyencouragethemtogivepromptfeedback.D)Theyusevariouswaystoexplainthematerials.50.Whatisthekeyfactorthateasesstudenttutors'learning?A)Theirsenseofresponsibility.B)Theiremotionalinvolvement.C)Thelearningstrategyacquired.D)Theteachingexperiencegained.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Anewbatchofyoungwomen—membersoftheso-calledMillennial(千禧的)generation—hasbeenenteringtheworkforceforthepastdecade.Atthestartinglineoftheircareers,theyarebettereducatedthantheirmothersandgrandmothershadbeen—orthantheiryoungmalecounterpartsarenow.Butwhentheylookahead,theyseeroadblockstotheirsuccess.Theybelievethatwomenarepaidlessthanmenfordoingthesamejob.Theythinkit'seasierformentogettopexecutivejobsthanitisforthem.Andtheyassumethatifandwhentheyhavechildren,itwillbeevenharderforthemtoadvanceintheircareers.Whilethepublicseesgreaterworkplaceequalitybetweenmenandwomennowthanitdid20-30yearsago,mostbelievemorechangeisneeded.AmongMillennialwomen,75%saythiscountryneedstocontinuemakingchangestoachievegenderequalityintheworkplace,comparedwith57%ofMillennialmen.Evenso,relativelyfewyoungwomen(15%)saytheyhavebeendiscriminatedagainstatworkbecauseoftheirgender.AsMillennialwomencomeofagetheysharemanyofthesameviewsandvaluesaboutworkastheirmalecounterparts.Theywantjobsthatprovidesecurityandflexibility,andtheyplacerelativelylittleimportanceonhighpay.Atthesametime,however,youngworkingwomenarelesslikelythanmentoaimattopmanagementjobs:34%saythey'renotinterestedinbecomingabossortopmanager;only24%ofyoungmensaythesame.Thegendergaponthisquestionisevenwideramongworkingadultsintheir30sand40s,whenmanywomenfacethetrade-offsthatgowithworkandmotherhood.ThesefindingsarebasedonanewPewResearchCentersurveyof2,002adults,including810Millennials(ages18-32),conductedOct.7-27,2013.Thesurveyfindsthat,inspiteofthedramaticgainswomenhavemadeineducationalattainmentandlaborforceparticipationinrecentdecades,youngwomenviewthisasaman'sworld—justasmiddle-agedandolderwomendo.51.WhatdowelearnfromthefirstparagraphaboutMillennialwomenstartingtheircareers?A)Theycangetaheadonlybystrivingharder.B)TheyexpecttosucceedjustlikeMillennialmen.C)Theyaregenerallyquiteoptimisticabouttheirfuture.D)Theyarebettereducatedthantheirmalecounterparts.52.HowdomostMillennialwomenfeelabouttheirtreatmentintheworkplace?A)Theyarethetargetofdiscrimination.B)Theyfinditsatisfa