英文課件-美國(guó)概況

美國(guó)概況GeneralknowledgeofAmericaQSforGlobalunderstandingofUSA

1.HowmuchdoyouknowaboutthedifferentnamesofUSA?2.What’sitsnationalflag?3.Whatdoyouknowaboutthemeaningofitsnationalflag?4.What’sthenicknameforAmericanpeople?5.What’sitsnationalanthem(國(guó)歌)?6.TherearemanythingsthatsymbolizeAmericanculture,couldyousaysomeofthem?Nolessthan10itemsContents:BasicinformationAmericangeographyFullnameNationalflagNationalemblemNationalanthemNationaldayNationalflowerCapitalNicknameI.BasicinformationNameoftheCountryThefullofficialnameofthecountryistheUnitedStatesofAmerica,usuallyreferredtoastheU.S.A.TheUnitedStateofAmerica,withthecapitalofWashingtonD.C.,isthebiggestcountryinNorthAmerica.Nationalflag：StarsandStripesmadeupof13alternating【交替的】redandwhitestripesand50whitestarsonabluefieldStarsareconsideredasymboloftheheavensandthedivine【神圣的】goalthestripeissymbolicoftheraysoflightfromthesunWhite:SignifiespurityandinnocenceRed:Signifiesvalor【英勇】andbraveryBlue:SignifiesVigilance【警戒】,perseverance,andjusticeNationalemblem國(guó)徽：Baldeagle禿鷹(美國(guó)的國(guó)鳥(niǎo)]

美國(guó)的國(guó)徽是由威廉·巴頓WilliamBarton和查爾斯·湯姆遜CharlesThomson設(shè)計(jì)的，美國(guó)政府于1782年6月20日開(kāi)始用這個(gè)國(guó)璽來(lái)鑒定重要文件。國(guó)徽的圖案，正中是一只象征獨(dú)立、自由精神的白頭鷹，前面盾牌狀的國(guó)旗，代表了1777年加入美國(guó)聯(lián)邦的十三個(gè)州。白頭鷹的右爪持著希望和平的橄欖枝，左爪握著決心自衛(wèi)的利箭。白頭鷹銜著一條用拉丁文寫著“合眾國(guó)”字樣的彩帶，國(guó)徽頂端則是透過(guò)云霧，閃閃發(fā)光的十三顆金星。TheGreatSealshowsawide-spreadeagle,facedfront,havingonhisbreastashieldwiththirteenperpendicularredandwhitestripes,surmountedbyabluefieldwiththesamenumberofstars.Inhisrighttalontheeagleholdsanolivebranch,inhisleftabundleofthirteenarrows,andinhisbeakhecarriesascrollinscribedwiththemotto:"EPluribusUnum“,meaning"outofmany,one"

TheEagleappearsintheSealsofmanyofourStates,onmostofourgoldandsilvercoinage,andisusedagreatdealfordecorativepatrioticpurposes.Theeaglerepresentsfreedom.NationalAnthem國(guó)歌:TheStar-SpangledBanner《星條旗永不落》NationalDay國(guó)慶節(jié):July4Nationalflower:roseNationalbird:baldeagleCapital:WashingtonD.C.(asamemorialtoGeorgeWashingtonandChristopherColumbus)Nickname:UncleSam

In1986,PresidentReganissuedaproclamation【公告】todeclarethattherosebecametheofficialfloweroftheAmerica.NationalBird—TheEagleThebaldeaglewaschosenonJune20,1782asthesymbolofAmerica,becauseofitslonglife,greatstrengthandmajesticlooks.Theeagle,fullofthespiritoffreedom,livingabovethevalleys,strongandpowerfulinhismight,hasbecomethenationalsymbolofU.S.A.GeorgeWashingtonChristopherColumbusUncleSamUncleSamafiguresymbolizingtheUnitedStatesPortrayed【描繪，扮演】asatall,white-hairedmanwithagoatee【山羊胡子】oftendressedinred,white,andblue,andwearsatophat“UncleSam”

totheUnitedStatesis“JohnBull”

to

UKJohnBullUncleSam

Justforfun^.^

DifferenttypesofUncleSamChristmasSamOlympicSamSoldierSamMickySamSupermansamDogSamWorkerSamCowboySam1.Locationandsize2.Topography(地形,地質(zhì))Majormountainsandrivers3.Climate4.Naturalresources5.Population6.MajorcitiesII.AmericanGeography48contiguous鄰近的

states+2noncontiguousstates+D.C1.LocationandSize

1.ContinentalUnitedStatesliesincentralNorthAmericawithCanadatoitsnorth,MexicoandtheGulfofMexicotoitssouth,theAtlanticOceantoitseastandthePacificOceantoitswest.2.The2neweststates:AlaskaandHawaiiseparatedfromcontinentalUnitedStatesAlaskabordersonnorthwesternCanada,HawaiiliesinthecentralPacific.

MexicoThePacificOceanTheAtlanticOceanSizeoftheUS

--alandareaof9.3millionsquarekilometers.--stretches2,575kilometersfromnorthtosouthand4,500kilometersfromeasttowest.--the4thlargestcountryintheworldinsizeafterRussia,CanadaandChina.--Alltogetherthereare50statesintheUS.--OfallthestatesAlaska阿拉斯加州

isthelargestinareaandRhodeIsland【羅德島州】thesmallest.--onthemainland

Texasisthelargest.

2.Topography地形:MountainsinU.S.A.AppalachianMountains阿巴拉契亞山脈RockyMountains落基山脈AppalachianMountainsVSRockyMountainsAppalachianMountainsRockyMountainsDirectionFromthenortheasttosouthwestFromthenorthwesttosoutheastAgeOlderYoungerHeightLower(2037m)Higher(4500m)2.Topography:RiversintheUSATheriversinthecountryaremainlylyingbetweentheAppalachianandRockyMountains.

1.TheMississippi--TheMississippianditstributaries支流drainoneoftherichestfarmareasintheworld

--called“fatherofwaters”andthe“oldmanriver”2.TheMissouri密蘇里河--oneofthelongestriversintheworld3.

TheOhio俄亥俄河--calledtheAmericanRuhr

(aftertheRuhrRiver魯爾河inGermany),famousforitsrichvaluabledeposits沉積物--Theareaiswellknownforitssteelindustry【鋼鐵工業(yè)】4.OnthePacificsidethereare2greatrivers:theColorado科羅拉多河inthesouth,andthe

Columbia哥倫比亞河risesinCanada.5.TheHudson哈得孫河TheGreatLakes五大湖NiagaraFalls尼亞加拉瀑布ThefiveGreatLakes

LakeSuperior蘇必利爾湖：thelargestfreshwaterlakeintheworld.LakeMichigan密歇根湖：theonlyoneentirelyintheUSLakeHuron休倫湖LakeErie伊利湖LakeOntario安大略湖--theworld’slargestGroupoffreshwater淡水lakes3.ClimateThenorthernstatesarethecoldest;Thesouthernstatesaresunbelt【n.陽(yáng)光地帶】;TemperatestatesareinthePacificNorthwest.ClimateintheUnitedStatesMaritime[‘m?r?ta?m

climate海洋性氣候Continentaldesertclimate大陸性氣候Continentalsteppe(西伯利亞草原）climateHumidcontinentalclimate濕潤(rùn)的大陸性氣候Sub-tropicalclimate亞熱帶Sub-arcticclimate極低氣候Tropicalclimate熱帶氣候4.NaturalResources1.richinmineralresources礦藏amongthecountrieswiththegreatestreserves儲(chǔ)量ofcoal,iron鐵ore礦andoil.aboundsin【富于】lead鉛,copper銅,zinc鋅,aluminum鋁,silver,andgold.2.onefourthoftheterritory領(lǐng)土—coveredwithforestswhichmainlyconcentrateuponthreeareas:theareaalongthenorthwesterncoastofthePacifictheareainthesouththeareainthenorth3.richinoil—oncethelargestoilproducingcountry.5.population“MeltingPot”AmongtheCaucasians白種人,themostinfluentialpeopleareWASP:thewhiteAnglo-SaxonProtestants新教徒.Aborigines土著居民:theIndians80%-90%ofimmigrantsarefromAsiaandHispanic【西班牙】countries.Race/Ethnicity(2008)White79.8%AfricanAmerican12.8%AsianAmerican4.5%NativeAmericanandAlaskaNative1.0%NativeHawaiianandPacificIslander0.2%Multiracial1.7%Hispanic(ofanyrace)15.4%NationofimmigrationLanguages(2007)English(only)225.5millionSpanish34.5millionChinese2.5millionFrench2.0millionTagalog(菲律賓語(yǔ))1.5millionVietnamese1.2millionGerman1.1millionKorean1.1millionLanguage

SpokenatHome(U.S.Census)7.Majorcities1.WashingtonD.C.2.NewYorkCity(inNewYork)3.LosAngeles(InCalifornia)4.Chicago(inIllinois)5.Houston(inTexas)6.Philadelphia(inPennsylvania)7.Detroit(inMichigan)8.SanFrancisco(inCalifornia)9.Boston(inMassachusetts)WashingtonD.C.CapitalHeadquartersofallthebranchesoftheAmericanfederalsystem:Congress(CapitalHill),theSupremeCourt最高法院andthePresidencyTheWorldBank世界銀行TheInternationalMonetaryFund國(guó)際貨幣基金組織LincolnMemorial林肯紀(jì)念堂LincolnMemorial林肯紀(jì)念堂theSupremeCourt最高法院TheWorldBank世界銀行NewYorkCity(inNewYork)

“TheBigApple”大蘋果市ThelargestcitybothintermofsizeandpopulationThebusinessandfinancialcapitaloftheworld.WallStreet華爾街TheNewYorkStockExchange紐約證券交易所LosAngeles(InCalifornia)2ndmostpopulouscity

acityoffantasyknownformotion-picture,aeronautics航空學(xué)andaerospaceindustriesChicago(inIllinois)

Windycity;the

3rdpopulatedcityFinancial,transportation,culturalcapitalofMidwesternAmericatheforemosttransportationhub中心

Houston(inTexas)ThelargestcityinTexas;The4thlargestcityinUSA;“theSpaceCity”attheforefrontinspacetechnology60年代初，美國(guó)最大的宇航中心——約翰遜宇航中心在休斯敦市建立Philadelphia費(fèi)城(inPennsylvania)

5thlargestcityintermsofpopulationthebirthplaceofthenationTheDeclarationofIndependenceandtheConstitutionweredraftedhere.Detroit底特律(inMichigan)ThelargestcityinMichiganTheMotorCity汽車城SanFrancisco(inCalifornia)

4thlargestcityinCaliforniaThebirthplaceoftheUnitedNationsOrganization(1945)TheChinatownofthecityisoneofthelargestChinesecommunitiesintheU.S.Boston(inMassachusetts)

CapitalandthelargestcityofM.“CradleofLiberty”“theAthensofAmerica”7.Majorcity:MajortouristattractionYellowstoneNationalParkGrandCanyonNiagaraFallsGreatSaltLakeStatueofLibertyYellowstoneNationalParkThefirstandoldestnationalparkintheworldthelargestwildlifepreserveintheU.S.Liesinthreestates:Wyoming(91%),Montana(7.6%),Idaho(7.4%)GrandCanyon大峽谷

oneofthegreatnaturalwondersoftheworldLocatedinArizonaNiagaraFalls尼亞加拉大瀑布locatedontheCanadianboundarybetweenLakeErieandLakeOn