Unit+3+The+World+of+Science+Using+Language課件【高效備課精析 + 知識(shí)精講提升】高中英語(yǔ)外研版（2019）必修第三冊(cè)

新人教高中英語(yǔ)必修三Unit3Theworldofscience

UsingLanguagea.Iguessyouhavebeenaskedaboutthetitleofyourbookbefore.b.Newinventionslike3Dprintershavebeenusedtomakereplacementheartsandboneparts.Whathashappenedto“you”insentence(a)?Group1PeopleWhohasusednewinventionstomakereplacementheartsandbonepartsinsentence(b)?cIguesssomeonehasaskedyouaboutthetitleofyourbookbefore.dPeoplehaveusednewinventionslike3Dprinterstomakereplacementheartsandboneparts.a.Iguessyouhavebeenaskedaboutthetitleofyourbookbefore.b.Newinventionslike3Dprintershavebeenusedtomakereplacementheartsandboneparts.Comparethemwiththefollowingsentencesandanswerthequestions.presentperfectactiveformpresentperfectpassiveformGroup1Group2cIguesssomeonehasaskedyouaboutthetitleofyourbookbefore.dPeoplehaveusednewinventionslike3Dprinterstomakereplacementheartsandboneparts.a.Iguessyouhavebeenaskedaboutthetitleofyourbookbefore.b.Newinventionslike3Dprintershavebeenusedtomakereplacementheartsandboneparts.Whydoestheauthorchoosetousethepassiveforminsteadoftheactive?presentperfectactiveformpresentperfectpassiveformGroup1Group2Toemphasizetheobject:“you”and“newinventions”.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的使用情況：1.不知道或者沒(méi)有必要說(shuō)明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)；Suchbookshavebeenwrittenforchildren.2.強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者，而不是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者；Alltheproductshavebeentested.3.動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者很模糊;Theletterhasbeenopened.4.有時(shí)候?yàn)榱硕Y貌的需要，避免說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。Theyhavebeentoldmanytimesnottomakenoises.Nowlet’sreadmoreexamples.HowmanybookshasJ.K.Rowlingwritten?J.K.Rowlinghaswrittensevenbooks.SevenbookshavebeenwrittenbyRowling.Workershavebuiltthehousesinceyearsago.Thehousehasbeenbuiltbyworkerssinceyearsago.Thebuildingshavebeendestroyedintheearthquake.Theearthquakehasdestroyedthebuildings.Alotoftreeshavebeenplantedinourcountry.Presentperfectpassive現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)1.概念2.構(gòu)成3.用法4.注意VerbformActivePassivehave/has+been+v-edHowdoweformthepresentperfectpassivevoice?have/has+v-ed現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)意義及結(jié)構(gòu)表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去,到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)完成或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響。動(dòng)詞和被修飾主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系?？隙ㄊ剑篽ave/has+been+v-ed否定式：have/has+not+been+v-ed一般疑問(wèn)句：Have/Has+主語(yǔ)+been+v-ed?特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+have/has+been+v-ed?現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)有兩種情況：1)表過(guò)去開(kāi)始的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，常連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：for+段時(shí)間，since+時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)(從句)，thesedays,sofar,uptonow,inthelast/pastfewyears等。如：ThisclasshavebeentaughtbyMr.Brownfortwoyears.HisChinesehasbeenimprovedalotsincehecametoChina.Rowling’snovelshavebeentranslatedintomanyforeignlanguagessofar.2)表某被動(dòng)動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，常與already,yet,just,ever,never,recently等連用。如：Thebikehasnotbeenrepairedyet.IhavealreadybeenintroducedtoMr.Smith.并不是所有動(dòng)詞都有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。happen,takeplace,breakout,belongto,cost,last等不及物動(dòng)詞或詞組無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。Greatchangeshavetakenplace

inChinasince1978.【注意】1.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的區(qū)別一般過(guò)去時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示一個(gè)被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，其結(jié)果對(duì)現(xiàn)在沒(méi)有影響；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)盡管發(fā)生在過(guò)去，但側(cè)重說(shuō)明該動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果。Themachinehasbeenrepaired．機(jī)器已經(jīng)修好了。(動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，對(duì)現(xiàn)在有影響，修好了。)Themachinewasrepairedyesterday．機(jī)器昨天修了。(只說(shuō)明動(dòng)作發(fā)生在昨天。)2.動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)是一個(gè)不可分割的整體，在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中要保持其完整性，其中的介詞或副詞不可省略。

e.g.Theorphanshavebeentakengoodcareofhere．孤兒們?cè)谶@里受到很好的照顧。I.將下面句子中的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。

1.NobodyhasheardofSusansinceshemovedtoAmerica.

__________________________________________________2.Theywon'tfinishtheexperimentbeforeteno'clock.___________________________________________________Susanhasn'tbeenheardofsinceshemovedtoAmerica.Theexperimentwon'tbefinishedbeforeteno'clock.3.Wehaven'tgiventhemanythingtoeat.

__________________________________________________4.Haveyoufedthepigsyet?

__________________________________________________5.Wehavealreadydiscussedthisquestion.

__________________________________________________Thisquestionhasalreadybeendiscussed.Theyhaven'tbeengivenanythingtoeat.Havethepigsbeenfedyet?II.用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空。1.Thesamemistake_______________(make)manytimes.2.Morethan100famousfilms________________(show)inthecitysinceJuly.3.Forhistenthbirthday,Carlwantedabicyclebut________(give)aguitarbyhisparents.4.Althoughit_______________(play)manytimes,hestilllovesit.

5.Threenewschools_______________(open)inourcityinthepast5years.hasbeenmade

havebeenshownwasgivenhasbeenplayedhavebeenopenedRewritetheunderlinedpartsusingthepresentperfectpassive.Withinthenext80years,ourlivesmaybechangedbeyondrecognitionby3Dprinting.Ithasalreadyaffectedmanythingsinourlives,rightdowntothefoodweeat.Forinstance,somerestaurantsinLondonhaveserved3D-printedhamburgerstocustomers.Manythingsinourliveshave3D-printedhamburgershavebeenservedtocustomersinsomerestaurantsinLondon.alreadybeenaffectedButperhapsthemostsignificantsuccessthatpeoplehaveachievedtodateisinmedicine.

Theyhavemadehumanbodyparts,includingabeatingheart,with3Dprintingtechnology.Anditisnotjusthumanswhoarebenefiting-inBrazil,peoplehavegivenanew3D-printedshelltoaturtleinjuredinaforestfire!Butperhapsthemostsignificantsuccessthathasbeenachievedtodateisinmedicine.Humanbodyparts,includingabeatingheart,havebeenmadewith3Dprintingtechnology.Anew3D-printedshellhasbeengiventoaturtleinjuredinaforestfire!3ImagineyouareDrMoore.Lookatthepicturesandtellthepoliceaboutthedamageandlosstoyourlab.Usethepresentperfectpassivewhereappropriate.Thewindowhasbeenbroken.Thelockonthedoorhasbeenbroken.Mytwolaptopshavebeenstolen.Beakersandtesttubeshavebeendestroyed.Thebookcasehasbeenopened,andsomefileshavebeentakenawaywhileothershavebeenthrowneverywhere.Therobothasbeendamaged.CareersinscienceActivity4(P30)

Lookatthepicturesandanswerthequestions.Whatdoyouknowaboutthesecareers?Whatfamousscientistscanyounameinthesefields?Amathematicianisapersonwhoistrainedinthestudyofnumbersandcalculations.Aphysicistisapersonwhodoesresearchconnectedwithphysicsorwhostudiesphysics.Anastronomerisascientistwhostudiesthestars,planets,andothernaturalobjectsinspace.Achemistisapersonwhodoesresearchconnectedwithchemistryorwhostudieschemistry.Abiologistisapersonwhostudiesorworksinthefieldofbiology.Ageographerisascientistwhostudiesthegeographyorisanexpertinit.Activity5(P30)CompletetheintroductionsaboutdifferentscientistswiththewordsinActivity4.Payattentiontothelanguagethatdescribestheircareers.GuoShoujing(1231-1316)wasafamousChinese1________________oftheYuandynasty.Heinventedtwelvenewinstrumentstostudystarsandplanets.HealsodevelopedacalendarwhichisasaccurateastheGregoriancalendar.AmountainontheMoonandaminorplanetarenamedafterhim.

astronomerBritish2___________CharlesDarwin(1809–1882)isbestknownforhisworkOntheOriginofSpecies,inwhichheexplainschangesinspeciesduetonaturalselection.Hisideasdeeplyinfluencedourunderstandingoftherelationshipbetweenhumansandnature.

biologistLiDaoyuan

wasafamouswriterand3_____________oftheNorthernWeiDynasty.HedidfieldresearchacrossChinaandstudiedmorethanathousandriversandstreams,alongwiththelandscape,historyandcultureofthesurroundingareas.

geographerMarieCurie

(1867–1934)wasaworld-famous

4_____________,andwasfirstawardedtheNobelPrizein1903forherextraordinaryworkonradioactivity.Shewasalsoregardedasabrilliant5__________andwasagainawardedtheNobelPrizein1911fortheisolationofpureradium.physicist

chemistChenJingrun

(1933–1996)wasoneoftheworld’sleading6__________________.HisworkonChen’sTheoremmadeanimportantadvancetowardsprovingGoldbach’sConjecture,thegreatestunsolvedprobleminnumbertheory.

mathematicians

mathematicians點(diǎn)擊添加標(biāo)題02TherearemanyvariationsofpassagesofLoremIpsumavailable,butthemajorityhavesufferedalterationsomeform,byinjectedhumour,orrandomThereareInventionstoriesInventionstoriesWhatisAlzheimer’s/??ltsa?m?/disease?WhoarethecommonAlzheimerpatients?Isitcurable?Whatarescientiststryingtodealwithit?Doyouknowanyinventionsrelatedtoit?Alzheimer’sdiseaseisabraindisorderthatcausesproblemswithmemory,thinkingandbehaviour.ThemajorityofpeoplewithAlzheimer’sare65andabove.Itisrecognisedasthemostcommonmentaldiseaseamongolderpeople,andthenumberofsufferersisgrowing.Currently,there'snocureforAlzheimer's,butscientistsareresearchingwaystoimprovethequalityoflifeforpeoplelivingwiththedisease.IfoneofyourcloserelativehastheAlzheimer’sdisease,whatcanyoudotohelphimorher?Pre-listeningTakealookatthepictureandpredictwhatthelisteningmaterialwilltell.abcdeActivity7P31

Listentotheconversationandnumberthepicturesinthecorrectorder.abcde43512Listenagainandcompletethenotes.Whatisit?Whowasitinventedby?It’s___________________________________________________________.Itwasinventedby_________________________calledKenneth.apairofsocksdesignedforpeoplewithAlzheimer’sdiseaseastudentformNewYorkWhoinspiredtheinvention?__________________,whohasAlzheimer's.Howdoesitwork?__________________issenttoamobilephonelikeanalarmwhenthepersonwithit____________________.HisgrandfatherAwarninggetsoutofbedNowtalkabouthowthespeakersdescribethestorybehindaninvention.Listenagainifnecessary.LearningtolearnExclamatorysentencesexpress

strongemotions,suchassurprise,shock,joy,emphasisandexcitement.Theseareusuallyformedwithwhatorhow,andinwrittenformusuallyendwithanexclamationmark.Actouttheconversationabouttheinventionofthetelephone.Youaregoingtogiveapresentationabouttheinventionofthetelephone.Aspartofyourresearch,youspeaktoStudentBwhohasjustreadabookaboutit.Askhim/herquestionstofindoutmoreinformation.StudentAInformationyou’dliketoknow:theinven