英語定語從句

WritingSentencesandReviewingGrammarBackTheAttributionClauseUnit|Four1定語從句定語用來限定、修飾名詞或代詞，是對名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用的詞、短語（動詞不定式短語、動名詞表示的）漢語中常用“……的”表示,也可以由一個句子來擔任。定語從句（AttributiveClauses）在句中做定語，修飾一個名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞，詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關系詞（關系代詞或關系副詞）引出。

確定用關系代詞還是用關系副詞的簡便方法是：看定語從句中是否缺少主語或賓語，若缺，用關系代詞；若不缺，用關系副詞。2定語從句的結構先行詞+（關系詞+從句）主句關系代詞：which，who，that關系副詞：where，when,why=介詞+which將先行詞代入從句當中，判斷其“成份”主語，賓語，表語等時間/地點/原因狀語名詞、代詞等（人或物品）3關系代詞英語中的關系代詞不多，主要有that,who,whom,whose,which,as

等。其中who,whom只用于指人，which,as只用于指物，whose,that既可于指人也可指物。關系代詞在定語從句主要用作主語、賓語、表語或定語。4Didyoufindthepenwhichyoulost?

句中的which為關系代詞，由它引導的定語從句whichyoulost修飾名詞thepen，which在定語從句中用作賓語，它也可以換成that，或省略。Amanwhosellsbooksinashopiscalledabookseller.開店售書的人叫做書商。句中的who為關系代詞，由它引導的定語從句whosellsbooksinashop修飾名詞aman，who在定語從句中用作主語。51、先行詞是最高級或被最高級修飾。

Thisisthemostinterestingbookthatlhaveeverread.2、先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾。

ThesecondforeigncountrythatlexpecttovisitisGreek.3、先行詞是不定代詞時，如"all、few、little、much、anything、nothing、something"

IhavenothingthatIwanttotellyou.4.、先行詞既有人又有物時

Canyourememberthescientistandhistheorythatwehavelearned?只用that口訣：最高定罪（最）人物65、先行詞被“only”、“theevery”、“no”、“oneof”等修飾

Heistheonlypersonthatlwanttotalkto.6、在以“which”、“who”、“whom”引起的問句中，為避免重復，常用"that"

Whoisthemanthatisstandingthere?WhichistheT-shirtthatfitsmemost?7、“therebe”句型中8、先行詞在主句中作表語，或者關系代詞本身作從句的表語是宜用“that”7關系副詞

（時間，地點，原因作狀語）■when的用法作時間狀語，用以修飾表示時間的先行詞；在許多情況下可以理解為“介詞+which”如：1988wastheyearwhenhewasborn.

句中的whenhewasborn為修飾theyear的定語從句，關系副詞when在此相當于inwhich。表示在某一年，英語習慣上用介詞in，如in1988,in2008等，所以此處用inwhich。8I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstmetyou.

句中的whenIfirstmetyou為修飾theday的定語從句，關系副詞when在此相當于onwhich。表示在某一天，英語習慣上用介詞on，如onthatday,onFriday等，所以此處用onwhich。Don’tforgetthetimewhentheweddingwillstart.句中的whentheweddingwillstart為修飾thetime的定語從句，關系副詞when在此相當于atwhich。表示在某一時刻，英語習慣上用介詞at，如atthattime,atthemoment等，所以此處用atwhich。9■where的用法關系副詞where在定語從句中也是用作狀語，表示地點，用以修飾表示地點的先行詞；在許多情況下也可以理解為“介詞+which”的意思Whatisthenameofthetownwhereyoulive?

句中的whereyoulive為修飾thetown的定語從句，關系副詞where在此相當于inwhich。表示住在某城市，英語習慣上說liveinacity，所以此處用inwhich。10■why的用法關系副詞why在定語從句中也是用作狀語，表示原因；why引導定語從句時，其先行詞只有一個，那就是thereason；在許多情況下why也可以理解為forwhich。如：Thesearethereasonswhywedoit.句中的whywedoit為修飾thereason的定語從句，關系副詞why在此相當于forwhich。11Doyouknowthereasonwhyshedoesn’tlikeme?句中的whyshedoesn’tlikeme為修飾thereason的定語從句，關系副詞why在此相當于forwhich。why是一個比較特殊的關系副詞，除可換成forwhich外，有時也可換成that，甚至省略。121.Don’ttalkaboutsuchthingsof__________youarenotsure.A.whichB.whatC.asD.those

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CCAAB144Fillintheblankswithappropriaterelativepronounsoradverbs.WriteandApplyRules1)Theoldcouple___________livenexttoushavefourgrandchildren.2)Icanneverforgettheday___________Igotthefirstprizeinthecompetition.3)Thegardenofhishousehasalawn,___________isverypleasanttositoninsummer.4)Thefisharemulti-colored,thebiggestof___________isonly2cmlong.5)Therehavebeencomplaintsaboutthenoisefromthepeople___________liveintheflats.6)AchatshowisaTVprogramin___________famouspeopleareaskedquestionsabouttheirlivesandwork.7)Thechild___________parentsdiedintheaircrashislivingwithhisauntnow.8)TomandhisfamilyaregoingtoaFrenchrestaurant___________theyhaddinneraweekago.9)Ihaveexplainedeverything___________Icantoyou.10)Theaudience,mostof___________werestudents,enjoyedtheperformanceverymuch.Backwhomwhowhenwhichwhichwho/thatwhichwhosewherethatUnit|Four151)Asmallamountofmoneywasallwhichwastakenintherobbery.2)WereceivedanofferofRMB320,000forthehouse,thatweaccepted.3)Hehastwosisters,neitherofwhowenttouniversity.4)ThebeachistheplacewhichImostliketogoinsummer.5)Hetalkedcheerfullyaboutthefilmandtheactresswhointerestedhim.WriteandCorrectMistakes5Correcttheerrorsinthefollowingsentences.which→thatthat→whichwho→whomwhich→wherewho→thatBack166)Therewaslittlewhichcouldbedonefortheinjuredman.7)Thereasonwhichherejectedourplanisthathehadnofaithinit.8)Thatistheplayeronthatweallrely.9)Heneverhesitatestomakesuchcriticismsareconsideredhelpfultoothers.10)Theytriedtothinkofaplanbythattheycouldfulfilltheirtaskaheadoftime.which→thatwhich→whythat→whomcriticisms后加thatthat→whichWriteandCorrectMistakes5Correcttheerrorsinthefollowingsentences.Back17Thisistheplacewhere/atwhichthetraffic/caraccidentoccurred.Thecontributions(that/which)hehasmadetothecountrywillneverbeforgotten.I’dliketoseetheemployeewhohasputforwardthevaluablesuggestion.Couldyoutellmethereasonwhyyourefusedtheinvitationtohisbirthdayparty?Thepen,whichIboughtyesterday,will