2023屆新高考英語第一輪復(fù)習(xí)模擬調(diào)研金考卷四

2023屆新高考英語模擬調(diào)研金考卷四解析版第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.LookingafterDad. B.Buyingajacket. C.Holdingaparty.2.Whoisthemanprobably?A.Thehouseowner. B.Therepairman. C.Thetutor.3.What’swrongwiththeman?A.Hebreaksadrum. B.Hefeelsunwell. C.Heforgetstotakehismedicine.4.Whatdidthemandoyesterday?A.Finishedreadingabook. B.Haddinnerwiththewoman. C.Gaveaspeech.5.Howwouldthewomanliketogohome?A.Bybus. B.Bysubway. C.Bytaxi.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whydoesthewomangainweight?A.Sheeatstoomuch. B.Shefeelsstressed. C.Sheisattheageofgettingfat.7.Whatwillthemandotoloseweight?A.Gotoayogaclass. B.Joinajoggingclub. C.Gorunningeveryday.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatwillthewomandotonight?A.Gobackhomeearly. B.Gotoaparty. C.TalktoMom.9.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofhermother?[A.Kind. B.Strict. C.Open-minded.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Inastore. B.Inapostoffice. C.Athome.11.Howmuchwillthemanpayforthedelivery?A.Forfree. B.15yuan. C.20yuan.12.Whenwillthemangethisdelivery?A.Today. B.Tomorrow. C.Thedayaftertomorrow.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.What’stherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife. B.Friends. C.Colleagues.14.Whatdessertwillbepreparedtomorrow?A.Fruits. B.Strawberrypie. C.Chocolatecake.15.Whatdayisittoday?A.Friday. B.Saturday. C.Sunday.16.Whatwillthemandoafterlunchtomorrow?A.Watchafootballgame. B.Sendchildrentoschool. C.Takeashower.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.AtwhatagedidDessiSieburthstartlovingbirds?A.6. B.8. C.14.18.WhydoesDessimakeboxesforbluebirds?A.Theyareeverywhereinhishometown.B.Theyareeasytotrack.C.Theylosetheirnestplaces.19.What’sthefunctionofDessi’swebsite?A.Todoresearches. B.Toteachpeopleaboutbirds.C.Toraisemoneyforbirds.20.WhatdidDessidoinAlaskarecently?A.Heinterviewedbiologists. B.Heboughtsomegoldthere.C.Hestudiedonatypeofeagle.1-5BABAC6-10BCABA11-15ACACA16-20BBCBCText1M:WhatcolordoyouthinkisfitforDad?W:Ofcoursedeepblue.Howabouthavingabigbirthdaypartyforhimthisweekend?M:Goodidea.I’llpayforthejacketfirst.Text2W:Mr.Smith,Ifeelthelightinmyroomisturningdark.Couldyouasksomeonecometofixit?M:Noproblem,butyourrentdoesn’tincludethesefees.Youneedtopayitbyyourself.Text3M:Myheartbeatslikeadrum.Couldyoupleasecallthe911?W:OK.Doyoubringthemedicine?M:It’smyfirsttimefeelinglikethis,andIdon’ttakeanymedicine.Text4M:IhavefinishedreadingJean-Christopheyesterday.W:Ijustrecommendedittoyouyesterday.Youwon’tgetanythingfromit,ifyoureadwithoutreflecting.It’slikeeatingwithoutdigesting.Text5W:Thenextbusiscomingin15minutes.M:Let’stakethesubway.Thoughitneeds20-minute-walktogettothestation,itsavestimeintotal.W:Idon’twanttowalk.Takingataxihomeismychoice.Text6W:Iwanttoloseweight!Ididn’teatmuchinthiswinter,butIhavebeenoverweight.Maybeit’sbecauseofthepressureofwork.M:Ithinkformeit’sbecauseoftheage.W:Ihaveayogaclasstomorrow.Doyouwanttocomewithme?M:No,it’stooexpensive.I’vedecidedtotakesomeexercisesonmyown.W:Whatareyougoingtodo?M:Iplantorunaroundthetrackeveryday.InthemorningIrunforanhour,andintheafternoonIrunforanhour.W:Itsoundsgood.Text7M:Hello,Julia,Iknowapartywillbeginatmidnight.Wouldyoulovetogo?W:I’dloveto,butmymotherhasaskedmetogohomebeforeeighttonight.M:Whatapity!Thepartyisveryinteresting.Couldyouhaveatalkwithher?W:No.Ihavenochoice.Mymotherisalwaysverystrictwithme.M:Iknowyourmomisconcernedaboutyoursafety,butshe’sanopen-mindedmom.I’msureshe’llunderstand.W:No,Idon’tthinkso.Text8M:Okay,I’lltakeit.Bytheway,doyouprovidedeliveryservice?W:Yes,wedo.Youdon’tneedtocarrythefurniturehome.M:Doyouchargefordelivery?W:Normallyit’s20yuan.Butsinceyouhavespentover1,500yuan,wewilldeliverthefurnitureforyouforfree.M:Verygood.Couldyoudeliverittothisaddress?W:Sure,pleasewritedownyournameandyourphonenumber.M:OK.Canyoutellmethedeliverytime?Willyousenditthisafternoon?W:No,butnolaterthantomorrow.M:Well,couldyousenditthedayaftertomorrow?I’mnotathometomorrow.W:Noproblem.Text9W:DoyourememberthatJasonandhiswifearecomingfordinnertomorrownight?M:Oh,Ialmostforgotit.Atwhattime?W:Seveno’clock.M:Iguessweshouldexpectthemaround8:00then,eh?W:Theyarealwayslate.Haha.M:So,whatareyoumaking?W:IthoughtI’dmakesaladandbeefandthenchocolatecakefordessert.M:Yum.Chocolatecakesoundsgood.W:Thatremindsme.Wehavetogotothestoretomorrowmorningtopickupsomegroceries.M:Whatabouttomorrowafternoon?W:Well,that’sSaturdayafternoon.I’mgoingtoababyshowerforPauline.Anddon’tforgetourboyshaveasoccergame.You’llhavetosendthemtoschoolafterlunch.M:What?Iwassupposedtowatchabaseballgameat12:30withmyfriends.W:Sorry,Doug.Ihavetogototheshower,soIcan’ttakethem.Doyouwantthemtomisstheirgame?M:Alright.I’lltakethem.IguessIcanrecordthegame.W:Good.Text10M:Hello,everyone.Today’sguestisjust14yearsold,andheisprotectingbirdsaroundtheworld.HisnameisDessiSieburth.Hisloveofbirdsstartedwhenhemadehisfirstbirdfeederaboutsixyearsago.Now,hehashisowngroupcalled“ProtectingOurBirds”.Hehasbeenmakingwesternbluebirdboxesforaboutfouryears.Dessihangsthemupintreesandtakesthemdowneveryweekandlooksatthemtoseeifthebluebirdsarenesting.Hedoesthateveryyearduringthesummer.Hechoosesthebluebirdbecausetheynestindeadtrees,butalotofdeadtreesarebeingcutdown.Dessimakestheseboxestotaketheplaceofthetrees.Hedoesresearchaboutbirds,runsawebsitetoteachpeopleaboutbirdsandhowtohelpthem,andbuildsboxesforbirds.Dessihasinterviewedbiologists,writtenalotofarticlesonbirdsforlocalnewspaper.Dessialsorecentlyspent10daysinAlaskawithhisfamilywherehedidresearchongoldeneaglesinDenali第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AMotoringwriter,SimonHeptinstalloncesaidthatthemostinterestingthingaboutcarsisn’tthecaratall.Isittruethatthemotoristsmakebetterstoriesthantheirmotors?Hereare3storiestohelpmakeyourowndecision.HenryFordbuilttheQuadricycleIn1896,thegreatinventiveengineerHenryFordfinishedbuildinghisfirstcar,calledtheQuadricycle,inasmallshedbehindhishouse.Hebecameoneoftheworld’smostsuccessfulbusinessmenlater—butthistimehehadbadlymiscalculated.ThecompletedQuadricyclewouldn’tfitoutthroughthedoor.He’dbuiltitbiggerthanthewidthofthedoor.Henryhadtouseanaxetochopoutthedoorframetomaketheopeningwider.Thenhecouldultimatelygethispioneeringcreationoutforitsfirstdrive.ItisnowanexhibitinHenryNoelGallagherforgotbuyingacarMillionairerockstarNoelGallagherforgothe’dboughtabrand—newclassiccarfor￡110,000.TheformerguitaristwaspuzzledwhenaJaguarMarkⅡarrivedathishouseonadeliverytruck.Itturnedouthehadorderedittwoyearspreviously.Atthetimeheorderedithehadhopedtolearntodrive—butnevergotroundit.Heforgotthewholething,andthecarstillsitsunusedinhisgarage.MariaMugnomadehercarhairyAccordingtotheGuinnessBookofRecordstheworld’shairiestcarisaFiat50ownedbyMariaMugnoofSalernoinItaly.TheItalianhairdresserhasspenthundredsofhoursimportingbagsofhumanhairfromIndia,becausesheclaimsthehairisstronger.Shethensticksthelocksontoeverysurfaceofthecar,insideandout.HerfurryFiatisstillroad-illegalhowever.21.WhatisthemostinterestingthingaboutcarsaccordingtoSimon?A.Thedrivers. B.Theprice. C.Thespeed. D.Theappearance.22.Whatdothethreecarshaveincommon?A.TheyareGuinnessrecordholders. B.Theyareinventedbytheirowners.C.Theyarenotpermittedtogoonroad. D.Theyarenotinuseforcertainreasons.23.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Anengineeringtextbook. B.Acaradvertisement.C.Anautomobilemagazine. D.Anacademicarticle.【答案】21.A22.D23.C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。汽車作家SimonHeptinstall曾經(jīng)說過，關(guān)于汽車最有趣的事情根本不是汽車本身。文章介紹了三個(gè)有趣的司機(jī)故事。21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段前兩句“Motoringwriter,SimonHeptinstalloncesaidthatthemostinterestingthingaboutcarsisn’tthecaratall.Isittruethatthemotoristsmakebetterstoriesthantheirmotors?”(汽車作家SimonHeptinstall曾經(jīng)說過，關(guān)于汽車最有趣的事情根本不是汽車本身。司機(jī)的故事真的比他們的汽車更精彩嗎？)可知，西蒙認(rèn)為關(guān)于汽車最有趣的事情是司機(jī)。故選A。22.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“ItisnowanexhibitinHenryFordMuseum.”(它現(xiàn)在在亨利·福特博物館展出。)，第三段最后一句“Heforgotthewholething,andthecarstillsitsunusedinhisgarage.”(他把整件事都忘得一干二凈，那輛車仍然閑置在他的車庫里。)和最后一段最后一句“HerfurryFiatisstillroad-illegalhowever.”(然而，她毛茸茸的菲亞特仍然是違法的。)可知，這三輛車的共同之處是它們都由于某些原因沒有被使用。故選D。23.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Motoringwriter,SimonHeptinstalloncesaidthatthemostinterestingthingaboutcarsisn’tthecaratall.Isittruethatthemotoristsmakebetterstoriesthantheirmotors?Hereare3storiestohelpmakeyourowndecision.”(汽車作家SimonHeptinstall曾經(jīng)說過，關(guān)于汽車最有趣的事情根本不是汽車本身。司機(jī)的故事真的比他們的汽車更精彩嗎？這里有三個(gè)故事可以幫助你做出自己的決定。)可知，文章講了三個(gè)有趣的司機(jī)故事，所以文章有可能來自一本汽車雜志。故選C。BKieranMoise,18,startedgrowingouthishairintheeighthgrade,afterlosingafriendtobraincancer.Hehadseenpeopledonatetheirhairtochildrenwhohadlosttheirsduringmedicaltreatmentandwantedtodosame.“Kieranhasalwaysbeenknownforhishair.Itwasabigpartofhispersonalityandwhohewas,”saidhismother,KellyMoise.“Buthehasalwaysbeenthemostcompassionateandcaringperson.Sincehewas6yearsold,hesomehowhadthemindsetofraisingmoneyandgivingittopeoplewhoneedit,andthatneverchanged.”InMay,Moisegraduatedfromhighschoolwithanimpressive19-inchAfro(非洲發(fā)式).ButwithhimsettoentertheU.S.AirForceAcademy,itwasfinallytimeforthebigcut.Tomaximizehisimpact,MoiseorganizedaliveeventatalocalbreweryinHuntsvilleandanonlinefundraisingcampaigncalled“Kieran’sCurlsforCancer”,whereheaimedtoraise$1,000perinchcut.OnMay29,nearly100peopleattendedtheevent,wheretheywatchedMoisegethishairbraidedandsnippedoff.HishairwasdonatedtoChildrenWithHairLoss,anon-profitorganizationinMichiganthatmakesfreewigsforkidsandyoungadultsfacingmedicallyrelatedhairloss.Bytheendoftheday,theeventraised$20,000forSt.JudeChildren’sResearchHospitalandhascontinuedtoraisemoneyonline.AsofSaturday,itwasmorethan$39,000.“Charitablegivingcomesinmanyforms,fromdirectactsofkindnesstoimpactfulpublicstatementsthatmotivateotherstocometogethertosupportacause,”RichardC.ShadyacJr.,PresidentandCEOforSt.JudeChildren’sResearchHospital,toldCNN,“Kieran’ssimpleactofkindnessexemplifies(例證)thepowerofyoungergenerationsandissomethingtocelebrate,aselflessdecisionthatwillmakeadirectimpactonthelivesofthekidsatSt.JudeChildren’sResearchHospitalandchildreneverywhereforyearstocome.”24.WhatcontributedtoKieranMoise’sstartinggrowingouthishair?A.Hishigh-qualityfinehair. B.Thedeathofoneofhisfriends.C.Hiswitnessofchildren’spain D.Theencouragementfromhismother25.WhydoesKieranMoise’smothermentionhischildhood?A.Tointroducehiskinddeedsinthepast. B.ToprovehisuniquepersonalityC.Topraisehimforhiscontributions D.Toshowthatheiskindfromanearlyage26.What’smainlytalkedaboutinthelastparagraph?A.Kieran’skindnessbenefitedhimself B.Kieran’slovewillberichlyrewardedC.Kieran’sdeedswillinspiremorekindness D.Kieran’sbehaviorshowedanewformofcharity27.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeKieranMoise?A.Kind-heartedandcreative B.Kind-naturedandtolerantC.Good-naturedandambitious. D.Good-temperedandconsiderate【答案】24.B25.D26.C27.A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了KieranMoise留長(zhǎng)自己的頭發(fā)捐給需要的人，他的慈善行為激發(fā)了其他人的更多慈善行為。24.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段講到“KieranMoise,18,startedgrowingouthishairintheeighthgrade,afterlosingafriendtobraincancer.(18歲的KieranMoise在八年級(jí)時(shí)，失去一位因腦癌去世的朋友，后來開始留頭發(fā)。)”可知導(dǎo)致KieranMoise開始長(zhǎng)出頭發(fā)是因?yàn)樗囊粋€(gè)朋友的死，故選B。25.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第二段講到“Buthehasalwaysbeenthemostcompassionateandcaringperson.Sincehewas6yearsold,hesomehowhadthemindsetofraisingmoneyandgivingittopeoplewhoneedit,andthatneverchanged.(但他一直是最富有同情心和愛心的人。從他6歲起，他就有了籌集資金并將其送給需要的人的想法，這一點(diǎn)從未改變)”可知KieranMoise的母親提到他的童年是為了表明他從小就很善良，故選D。26.主旨大意題。文章最后一段講到“Charitablegivingcomesinmanyforms,fromdirectactsofkindnesstoimpactfulpublicstatementsthatmotivateotherstocometogethertosupportacause(慈善捐贈(zèng)有多種形式，從直接的慈善行為到有影響力的公開聲明，激勵(lì)其他人一起支持一項(xiàng)事業(yè))”可知最后一段主要講KieranMoise的事跡將激發(fā)更多的善意，故選C。27.推理判斷題。文章第二段講到“Buthehasalwaysbeenthemostcompassionateandcaringperson.Sincehewas6yearsold,hesomehowhadthemindsetofraisingmoneyandgivingittopeoplewhoneedit,andthatneverchanged.(但他一直是最富有同情心和愛心的人。從他6歲起，他就有了籌集資金并將其送給需要的人的想法，這一點(diǎn)從未改變)”可知KieranMoise是心地善良的。文章倒數(shù)第三段講到“OnMay29,nearly100peopleattendedtheevent,wheretheywatchedMoisegethishairbraidedandsnippedoff.HishairwasdonatedtoChildrenWithHairLoss,anon-profitorganizationinMichiganthatmakesfreewigsforkidsandyoungadultsfacingmedicallyrelatedhairloss.(5月29日，近100人參加了這場(chǎng)活動(dòng)，他們觀看了莫伊絲的編發(fā)和剪發(fā)。他的頭發(fā)捐贈(zèng)給了密歇根州的非營(yíng)利組織“脫發(fā)兒童”，該組織為面臨醫(yī)學(xué)相關(guān)脫發(fā)的兒童和年輕人提供免費(fèi)假發(fā)。)”可知KieranMoise是富有創(chuàng)造力?？芍狵ieranMoise是心地善良并且富有創(chuàng)造力的，故選A。CThegarment(服裝)industryisoneofthelargestcarbonpollutersonplanetEarth,andoneofthegreatestproducersofwaste.Threeoutoffiveofthe100billiongarmentsmadein2018endedupinlandfillwithinayear.Toxicchemicalslandintheenvironmentandworkercommunities,andtheproductionofcottonusesupvastamountsofwater.Thebusinessmodeloffastfashionhasledtoanenormousincreaseintheamountsofclothesthatareproduced,sold,andthrown.AccordingtoMcKinsey,clothingproductiondoubledfrom2000to2014,andtheaverageconsumerbuys60%moregarmentseachyear.Atthesametime,theseclothesarekeptonlyhalfaslongastheywereamerefifteenyearsago.About100billionitemsofclothingareproducedeachyear;that’snearly14itemsforeveryhumanbeingontheplanet.Someofthoseneverevenreachtheconsumers;itcausedaminorangerwhenin2018aluxurybrandadmittedtoburningclothesjusttoprotectthebrand.Yet,withclothesbeingsocheap,peopledonotwearatleast50percentoftheirwardrobes,accordingtothisstudy.Theclothingandfootwearindustriestogetheraccountformorethan8percentofglobalclimateinfluence,greaterthanallinternationalairlineflightsandoceanicshippingtripscombined.Waterusageforgrowingcottonhasledtohugelackofwater,andcoloringandtreatmentofgarmentsmakeup17%—20%ofallindustrialwaterpollution.Anindustrythatmakesbillionsontheuseoftheplanetdoesnotsuddenlybecomemoresustainable(可持續(xù)的)whentheystartusingorganiccotton,orstartburningtheirunsoldgoods(remember—peopleworkedreallyhardforverylittlemoneyonthoseclothes!)asagreenfuel…28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“Toxic”meaninparagraph1?A.Colorful. B.Enormous. C.Beneficial. D.Poisonous.29.Whydopeoplethrowsomanyclothesaway?A.Thenewmodelclothingchangetooslowly.B.Someluxuryclothesarecheap.C.Therearemorenewclotheseveryyear.D.Theywanttomakefulluseofgreenfuel.30.Whatmaygarmentwasteinfluenceleast?A.Fishing. B.Climate. C.Transport. D.Agriculture.31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Clothingwaste. B.Sourcesofpollution.C.Thegarmentindustry. D.Effectsofenvironmentalpollution.【答案】28.D29.C30.C31.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為說明文。文章介紹了一種新型的浪費(fèi)形式——服裝浪費(fèi)。28.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段的“Thegarment(服裝)industryisoneofthelargestcarbonpollutersonplanetEarth,andoneofthegreatestproducersofwaste.(服裝行業(yè)是地球上最大的碳污染者之一，也是最大的廢物制造者之一)”可知，廢棄的服裝會(huì)污染環(huán)境。由此可知，這些服裝中含有有毒的化學(xué)物，因此toxic意為“有毒的，有害的”，與poisonous同義。故選D。29.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“AccordingtoMcKinsey,clothingproductiondoubledfrom2000to2014,andtheaverageconsumerbuys60%moregarmentseachyear.Atthesametime,theseclothesarekeptonlyhalfaslongastheywereamerefifteenyearsago.(根據(jù)麥肯錫的數(shù)據(jù)，從2000年到2014年，服裝產(chǎn)量翻了一番，消費(fèi)者平均每年多購(gòu)買60%的服裝)”和第三段的“About100billionitemsofclothingareproducedeachyear;that’snearly14itemsforeveryhumanbeingontheplanet.(每年大約生產(chǎn)1000億件服裝；也就說，地球上每一個(gè)人都擁有近14件)”可知，從2000年到2014年，服裝產(chǎn)量翻一番，而且每年有約1000億件衣服被生產(chǎn)出來，這幾乎相當(dāng)于地球上每個(gè)人擁有14件衣服。由此推知，人們?nèi)拥粢路脑蚴敲磕晟a(chǎn)的新衣服實(shí)在太多了。故選C。30.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“Toxicchemicalslandintheenvironmentandworkercommunities,andtheproductionofcottonusesupvastamountsofwater.(有毒化學(xué)品進(jìn)入環(huán)境和工人社區(qū)，棉花生產(chǎn)消耗大量水)”可知，服裝浪費(fèi)會(huì)影響農(nóng)業(yè)和漁業(yè)；根據(jù)第四段的“Theclothingandfootwearindustriestogetheraccountformorethan8percentofglobalclimateinfluence,greaterthanallinternationalairlineflightsandoceanicshippingtripscombined.(服裝和鞋類行業(yè)合計(jì)占全球氣候影響的8%以上，超過所有國(guó)際航空公司航班和海運(yùn)旅行的總和)”可知，服裝浪費(fèi)影響了氣候。綜上，服裝浪費(fèi)對(duì)運(yùn)輸業(yè)的影響相對(duì)較小。故選C。31.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的主要內(nèi)容，尤其第一段“Thegarment(服裝)industryisoneofthelargestcarbonpollutersonplanetEarth,andoneofthegreatestproducersofwaste.Threeoutoffiveofthe100billiongarmentsmadein2018endedupinlandfillwithinayear.Toxicchemicalslandintheenvironmentandworkercommunities,andtheproductionofcottonusesupvastamountsofwater.(服裝業(yè)是地球上最大的碳污染源之一，也是最大的廢物生產(chǎn)商之一。2018年制造的1000億件服裝中，有五分之三在一年內(nèi)被填埋。有毒化學(xué)品進(jìn)入環(huán)境和工人社區(qū)，棉花生產(chǎn)消耗大量水)”可知，介紹了一種新型的浪費(fèi)形式——服裝浪費(fèi)，以及它帶來的負(fù)面影響。故選A。DWhales,particularlybaleenandspermwhales,areamongthelargestcreaturesonEarth.Theirpresenceintheoceanshapestheecosystemsaroundthem.Thesecreaturesarealsohelpingtodeterminethetemperatureoftheplanet.Whenwhalesdie,theysinktotheoceanfloorandallthecarbonthatisstoredintheirextremelylargebodiesistransferredfromsurfacewaterstothedeepsea,whereitremainsforcenturiesormore.Scientistsfoundthatbeforeindustrialwhaling,populationsofwhaleswouldhavesunkbetween190,000to1.9milliontonnesofcarbonperyeartothebottomoftheocean,whichequalstakingbetween40,000and410,000carsofftheroadeachyear.Butwhentheyarekilledandtheirbodiesarepreventedfromsinkingtotheseabed,thatcarbonisreleasedintotheatmosphere.Butwhalesarenotonlyvaluableindeath.Thetidesofexcrement(排泄物)thatwhalesproducearealsosurprisinglyrelevanttotheclimate.Theiriron-richexcrementcreatestheperfectgrowingconditionsforphytoplankton(浮游植物).Thesecreaturesmaybemicroscopic,but,takentogether,theyhaveagreatinfluenceontheplanet’satmosphere,absorbingabout40%ofallCO2produced,fourtimestheamountabsorbedbytheAmazonrainforest.“Whalinghasremovedahugeorganiccarbonpumpfromtheoceanthatwouldhavebeenhavingamuchlargermultiplyingeffectonphytoplanktonproductivityandtheocean’sabilitytoabsorbcarbon,”saysVickiJames,policymanageratWhaleandDolphinConservation.Whatthismeansisthatrestoringwhalepopulationstotheirpre-whalingnumberscouldbeanimportanttoolinfightingclimatechange,andhelpingtoslightlyreducethelargeamountofCO2fromfossilfuelseveryyear.32.Whathappenstothecarbonstoredinwhalesaftertheyarehunted?A.Itremainsintheirbodies. B.Itenterstheatmosphere.C.Itsinkstothedeepsea. D.Ittransferstosurfacewaters.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“microscopic”meaninParagraph3?A.Tiny. B.Destructive. C.Extinct. D.Rare.34.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Whalesaremorevaluableaftertheydie.B.Excrementofwhalesacceleratesglobalwarming.C.40%ofCO2isabsorbedbytheAmazonrainforest.D.Whalinghasanegativeinfluenceonclimatechange.35.Whichisthebesttitleofthetext?A.WhatWecanDotoSaveWhalesB.HowWhalesHelpCooltheEarthC.WhatisClimateChangeDoingtoWhalesD.WhyWhalePopulationsareDecliningSharply【答案】32.B33.A34.D35.B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了捕鯨對(duì)氣候的影響。32.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Butwhentheyarekilledandtheirbodiesarepreventedfromsinkingtotheseabed,thatcarbonisreleasedintotheatmosphere.(但是當(dāng)它們被殺死時(shí)，它們的尸體被阻止沉入海底，碳就會(huì)被釋放到大氣中)”可知，鯨魚被獵殺后，儲(chǔ)存在鯨魚體內(nèi)的碳會(huì)被釋放到大氣中。故選B項(xiàng)。33.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)前文“Theiriron-richexcrementcreatestheperfectgrowingconditionsforphytoplankton.(它們富含鐵的排泄物為浮游植物創(chuàng)造了完美的生長(zhǎng)條件)”可知，劃線詞所在句中的主語Thesecreatures指的是浮游植物，再根據(jù)后文“but,takentogether,theyhaveagreatinfluenceontheplanet’satmosphere(但加在一起，它們對(duì)地球的大氣有很大的影響)”結(jié)合常識(shí)可推知，此處表達(dá)“浮游植物雖然很小，但是加在一起，它們對(duì)地球的大氣有很大的影響”之意，所以可推知microscopic意為“微小的”之意，和A項(xiàng)“Tiny”意思相近。故選A項(xiàng)。34.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“Theiriron-richexcrementcreatestheperfectgrowingconditionsforphytoplankton.Thesecreaturesmaybemicroscopic,but,takentogether,theyhaveagreatinfluenceontheplanet’satmosphere,absorbingabout40%ofallCO2produced,fourtimestheamountabsorbedbytheAmazonrainforest.(它們富含鐵的排泄物為浮游植物創(chuàng)造了完美的生長(zhǎng)條件。這些生物可能是微觀的，但加在一起，它們對(duì)地球的大氣有很大的影響，吸收了所有產(chǎn)生的二氧化碳的40%，是亞馬遜雨林吸收量的四倍)”倒數(shù)第二段中““Whalinghasremovedahugeorganiccarbonpumpfromtheoceanthatwouldhavebeenhavingamuchlargermultiplyingeffectonphytoplanktonproductivityandtheocean’sabilitytoabsorbcarbon,”saysVickiJames,policymanageratWhaleandDolphinConservation.(鯨魚和海豚保護(hù)組織的政策經(jīng)理VickiJames說:“捕鯨已經(jīng)從海洋中移除了一個(gè)巨大的有機(jī)碳泵，這將對(duì)浮游植物的生產(chǎn)力和海洋吸收碳的能力產(chǎn)生更大的影響。”)”可推知，捕鯨會(huì)降低浮游植物的數(shù)量，從而降低碳的吸收量，對(duì)氣候有很大影響，所以捕鯨對(duì)氣候變化有負(fù)面影響。故選D項(xiàng)。35.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Whales,particularlybaleenandspermwhales,areamongthelargestcreaturesonEarth.Theirpresenceintheoceanshapestheecosystemsaroundthem.Thesecreaturesarealsohelpingtodeterminethetemperatureoftheplanet.(鯨魚，尤其是須鯨和抹香鯨，是地球上最大的生物之一。它們?cè)诤Ｑ笾械拇嬖谒茉炝怂鼈冎車纳鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)。這些生物也有助于確定地球的溫度)”以及最后一段“Whatthismeansisthatrestoringwhalepopulationstotheirpre-whalingnumberscouldbeanimportanttoolinfightingclimatechange,andhelpingtoslightlyreducethelargeamountofCO2fromfossilfuelseveryyear.(這意味著，將鯨魚數(shù)量恢復(fù)到捕鯨前的數(shù)量可能是應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的重要工具，并有助于略微減少每年化石燃料產(chǎn)生的大量二氧化碳)”可知，本文主要講述了鯨魚對(duì)氣候的影響，主要是能減少大量二氧化碳，減少溫室效應(yīng)，所以B項(xiàng)“HowWhalesHelpCooltheEarth(鯨魚如何幫助地球降溫)”是本文最好的標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Whenyouareoverwhelmed,youfeellikethingsaretoomanytodealwith.Everyonegetsoverwhelmedfromtimetotime,butyoucanstilldosomethingtohandlethisnegativeemotion.36Slowitdown.Thefirstthingyouneedtodowhenyoufeelfloodedoroverwhelmedistosloweverythingdown.37Youwillhavemoretimetofocusonthepresentandthusdothingsmoreleisurely.Theexperienceofbeingoverwhelmedcanfeelverychaoticandoutofcontrol,butwhenyouslowitdown,youarereclaimingcontrolovertheexperience.38Ifyou’rewonderinghowtogetyourlifetogether,it’stimetoreflectonwhatledtothestress.Reflectingisgreatbecauseithelpsyousortthroughthedatayouhavereceivedfrombeingoverwhelmed.Takingthetimetounderstandthedatawillalsohelpyoubetterunderstandwhatyourbodyistryingtotellyouifyoumeetwiththesesituationsagaininthefuture.Release,regroup,andredirect.It’seasiersaidthandone,butwhenitcomestofeelingoverwhelmed,thebestthingyoucandoisletitgo.Thereleaseofthesourceoffeelingoverwhelmediscriticaltothe“gettingmylifebacktogether”componentofthisprocess.39Regroupingisimportantbecauseitallowsyoutoclosethefeedbackloop(循環(huán))onalltheslowingdown,steppingback,reflectingandreleasing.Itallowsyoutohittheresetbutton,andwithallyouknownow,youcanmoveforwardinapreparedandempoweredmanner.Lastly,youshouldredirect.40Evenifyourtrajectory(軌道)onlyslightlyaltereditscourse,that’sOK!Whatisimportantisthatyouhaveprocessedintegrated,andlearnedfromyourlifesothatyouarebetterpreparedforthefutureandmoreequippedtofaceit.A.Stepbackandreflect.B.Expresswhatyouaretrulyfeelingandthinking.C.Whenyouslowdown,itisasifyouhaveputthebrakeson.D.Thisdoesn’tnecessarilymeanyoumustmoveinatotallynewdirection.E.Anotherthingyouhavetodobeforegettingyourlifebacktogetherisregroup.F.Rethinkingaboutyourpreviousmistakesmightgiveyoucluestoavoidtheminthefuture.G.Herearesometipstohelpyougetyourlifebacktogetherwhenyoufeelcompletelyoverwhelmed.【答案】36.G37.C38.A319.E40.D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要講的是當(dāng)我們感到不知所措時(shí)一些可以幫助我們恢復(fù)正常生活的建議。36.根據(jù)空前“Whenyouareoverwhelmed,youfeellikethingsaretoomanytodealwith.Everyonegetsoverwhelmedfromtimetotime,butyoucanstilldosomethingtohandlethisnegativeemotion.(當(dāng)你不知所措的時(shí)候，你會(huì)覺得事情太多了無法處理。每個(gè)人都會(huì)時(shí)不時(shí)地感到不知所措，但你仍然可以做一些事情來處理這種消極情緒。)”可知當(dāng)一個(gè)人感到不知所措時(shí)依舊可以做一些事情來處理這種消極情緒，空處承上啟下，所以空處應(yīng)該講的是有一些消除消極情緒的可行建議可以提供，G項(xiàng)Herearesometipstohelpyougetyourlifebacktogetherwhenyoufeelcompletelyoverwhelmed.(當(dāng)你感到不知所措時(shí)，這里有一些建議可以幫助你恢復(fù)生活。)指出有一些建議可以參考，承接上文，引出下文，符合上下文語境。故選G項(xiàng)。37.根據(jù)空前“Thefirstthingyouneedtodowhenyoufeelfloodedoroverwhelmedistosloweverythingdown.(當(dāng)你感到事情太多或不知所措時(shí)，你需要做得第一件事就是慢下來。)”可知當(dāng)自己面對(duì)太多的事情而茫然不知所措時(shí)最好現(xiàn)讓自己慢下來，根據(jù)空后“youwillhavemoretimetofocusonthepresentandthusdothingsmoreleisurely.(你將有更多的時(shí)間專注于現(xiàn)在，從而更悠閑地做事情。)”可知如果慢下來自己就會(huì)更從容地去處理事情，空處承上啟下，所以空處應(yīng)該講的是為什么慢下來以后會(huì)讓讓自己更從容，C項(xiàng)Whenyouslowdown,itisasifyouhaveputthebrakeson.(當(dāng)你減速時(shí)，就好像你踩了剎車。)告訴我們減速之后感覺就像時(shí)間停止了，所以就會(huì)覺得擁有了更多的時(shí)間，與空后的Youwillhavemoretimetofocusonthepresent銜接緊密，符合上下文語境。故選C項(xiàng)。38.空處為主題句。根據(jù)空后“Ifyou’rewonderinghowtogetyourlifetogether,it’stimetoreflectonwhatledtothestress.Reflectingisgreatbecauseithelpsyousortthroughthedatayouhavereceivedfrombeingoverwhelmed.(如果你想知道如何讓你的生活振作起來，是時(shí)候反思一下是什么導(dǎo)致了壓力。反思是很好的，因?yàn)樗梢詭椭阏韽牟豢爸刎?fù)中收到的數(shù)據(jù)。)”可知本段主要講的是反思的好處，A項(xiàng)Stepbackandreflect.(退一步進(jìn)行反思。)不僅形式上與二、四段標(biāo)題一致，而且概括了本段的主要內(nèi)容，符合上下文語境。故選A項(xiàng)。39.根據(jù)本段標(biāo)題“Release,regroup,andredirect.(釋放、重組、重新定向)”可知本段主要強(qiáng)調(diào)在你不知所措時(shí)要做到釋放、重組和重新定向，根據(jù)空前“It’se