組織的管理層次和業(yè)務流

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Logistics&SupplyChainManagementChapter4.LogisticsInformationManagement姜陣劍BusinessSchool,SDJU第一頁，共二十三頁。LICTthecollectionanalysisandevaluationofdatathetransferofinformation

FlowsofinformationinlogisticsandsupplychainsThetimingandqualityoftheinformationBusinessSchool,SDJU第二頁，共二十三頁。

組織的管理層次和業(yè)務流高層決策層（戰(zhàn)略層）中間管理層（戰(zhàn)術(shù)層）

執(zhí)行管理層（操作/作業(yè)層）策劃人事制造市場營銷財務日常管理

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EDP/TPS人員流事務流資金流物資流信息流領(lǐng)導職能組織職能計劃職能控制職能作業(yè)職能數(shù)據(jù)處理/事務處理決策支持管理信息系統(tǒng)BusinessSchool,SDJU第三頁，共二十三頁。Therearedifferentlevelsofinformationrequiredinlogistics.Thesedifferentlevelsandfunctionscanbeidentifiedasthestrategic,tacticalandoperationallevels.

InformationatthestrategiclevelPurchasing:rmationaboutalternativesuppliersProduction:rmationtohelpdetermineproductranges1.DefinitionBusinessSchool,SDJU第四頁，共二十三頁。Inventory:rmationtohelpdecideonformatofstockholding

Warehousing:rmationtohelpindecidingonusinganown-accountoperationorthirdpartycontractorsTransportation:rmationtohelpindecisiontobuyorleasevehiclesMarketing:rmationondemographicpatterns1.DefinitionBusinessSchool,SDJU第五頁，共二十三頁。Informationatthetacticallevelmedium-toshort-termplanningforecasting,schedulingandresourceplanning.middlemanagers1.DefinitionBusinessSchool,SDJU第六頁，共二十三頁。Purchasing→assistwithorderschedulingProduction→assistindecidingrunlengthsInventory→assistinsettingstocklevelsWarehousing→resourcelevelsneededTransportation→routingandschedulingandprovisionMarketing→assistinplanningseasonalorders1.DefinitionBusinessSchool,SDJU第七頁，共二十三頁。Informationattheoperationallevelshorter-termtominute-by-minutedecisions

contingenciesandchangesfirstlinemanagementandoperatives1.DefinitionBusinessSchool,SDJU第八頁，共二十三頁。Purchasing→helpdecidewhentoplaceorderswithsuppliersProduction→release(出庫)ofrawmaterialsfromstockInventory→schedulingsupplierordersWarehousing→pickinglistsTransportation→deliverynotesMarketing→orderreceiving1.DefinitionBusinessSchool,SDJU第九頁，共二十三頁。Manyofthetechniquesinlogistics,relyontheelectronicgatheringandmanipulationofdata.Electroniccommunicationenablesautomaticdecision-making,themodelingofproposedchanges,automatictrackingcontrol,automaticgenerationofperformancemonitoringandcontrol.2.InformationApplicationBusinessSchool,SDJU第十頁，共二十三頁。ModelingproposedchangesProposed（所提議的，建議的，alternative）changestooperationsandnetworkscanbemodeledsothattheeffectscanbeassessedandthendecisionstaken.acompanymaywishtochangethewayitschedulesitsvehicleoperations.2.InformationApplicationBusinessSchool,SDJU第十一頁，共二十三頁。AutomatictrackingcontrolAutomatictrackingcontrolofvehicles,loadsandassets.2.InformationApplicationBusinessSchool,SDJU第十二頁，共二十三頁。EDI標準用戶文件發(fā)送方用戶文件接收方平臺文件標準文件標準文件平臺文件X.25或PSTN等傳輸網(wǎng)絡加封對照翻譯解封EDI作業(yè)流程圖EDI標準指的是各企業(yè)共同的交流標準，是數(shù)據(jù)交換的翻譯，它使得遵循這一標準的企業(yè)與組織能進行電子數(shù)據(jù)交換作業(yè)流程。如圖BusinessSchool,SDJU第十三頁，共二十三頁。EDI系統(tǒng)的類型目前最常用的EDI系統(tǒng)主要有兩種類型：單對多EDI系統(tǒng)和增值網(wǎng)（VAN），如圖制造商零售商供應商供應商供應商制造商/零售商制造商/零售商制造商/零售商第三方供應商供應商供應商

單對多EDI系統(tǒng)、VAN系統(tǒng)BusinessSchool,SDJU第十四頁，共二十三頁。物流EDI所謂物流EDI是指貨主、承運業(yè)主以及其他相關(guān)單位之間通過EDI系統(tǒng)進行物流數(shù)據(jù)交換，以此為基礎(chǔ)實施物流活動的方法，其框架結(jié)構(gòu)如圖所示。相關(guān)單位（倉儲等）協(xié)作單位（金融保險）承運業(yè)主貨主（廠商、貿(mào)易商）電子數(shù)據(jù)交換（EDI）

物流EDI框架結(jié)構(gòu)BusinessSchool,SDJU第十五頁，共二十三頁。3.UseofEDIintheSupplyChainEPOStechnologyisthecaptureofdataonelectronicfilesatthepointwhereasaletakesplace.supermarketcheckout

Fromthecustomer’spointofviewFromthestore’spointofviewquantitiessoldofeachproductstockrecordsareupdatedautomatically.BusinessSchool,SDJU第十六頁，共二十三頁。EPOSdataissentviaEDItotheretailer’sregionalwarehousesandtotheirHeadquarters.Thistriggersreplenishmentfromretailer’sstockandtriggersreplenishmentfromthemanufacturer’sstocktotheretailer’swarehouse.shortenleadtimesandlowerstocklevels.3.UseofEDIintheSupplyChain

BusinessSchool,SDJU第十七頁，共二十三頁。4.

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上海聯(lián)華超市集團EDI應用系統(tǒng)系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu):BusinessSchool,SDJU第十八頁，共二十三頁。GPS技術(shù)全球定位系統(tǒng)（GlobalPositioning

System）GPS系統(tǒng)的特點全球定位精度高功能多，應用廣RadioFrequencyIdentification(RFID)射頻識別---athletesattheSpecialOlympicGamesBusinessSchool,SDJU第十九頁，共二十三頁。GIS技術(shù)地理信息系統(tǒng)地理信息系統(tǒng)(GeographicInformationSystem,簡稱GIS)是一種能把圖形管理系統(tǒng)和數(shù)據(jù)管理系統(tǒng)有機地結(jié)合起來，對各種空間信息進行收集、存儲、分析和可視化表達的信息處理與管理系統(tǒng)。BusinessSchool,SDJU第二十頁，共二十三頁。Q&A!第二十一頁，共二十三頁。Exercises教材P51BusinessSchool,SDJU第二十二頁，共二十三頁。內(nèi)容總結(jié)Chinese-EnglishBilingualTeachingFor

Logistics