600MW電氣運(yùn)行規(guī)程Electric-Rev.A

ITPCL2ⅹ600MWOperatingProcedure運(yùn)行規(guī)程ElectricMajor電氣專業(yè)Preparedby:編寫：程凡房Reviewedby:審核：張圣喜Approvedby:批準(zhǔn)：Apr2014

Foreword前言Thisprocedureispreparedforstandardizingoperationalruntoguaranteesafeandeconomicoperationofunit2×600MW.Andthisprocedureispreparedbasingonthereferencelikedata,diagramsandmanualfrommanufacturer,andalsodatafromDesigner,Installerandetc.Andthisprocedureisconsideratedasaworkingaccordanceforrunningandcommissioning,andasalearningmaterialfortrainingprogramofrecruits.Afterpublicationofthisprocedure,relatedtechniciansshallbefamiliarwiththisprocedure.Andthisprocedureisusedforrunningandcommissioningofequipmentsof2×600MWThermalPowerPlantofITPCLofIndia.Thisprocedurecomesintoforcefromthedateofpublication.為保證2×600MW機(jī)組安全、經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行，規(guī)范運(yùn)行操作，特制定本規(guī)程。本規(guī)程依據(jù)設(shè)備制造廠家資料、圖紙、使用說明書，設(shè)計(jì)院、安裝單位等資料編制。本規(guī)程作為運(yùn)行調(diào)試、操作的工作依據(jù)，有關(guān)技術(shù)、運(yùn)行人員應(yīng)熟知本規(guī)程，同時(shí)也作為新入廠員工上崗培訓(xùn)學(xué)習(xí)的資料。本規(guī)程適用于印度ITPCL2X600MW燃煤電站項(xiàng)目2×600MW機(jī)組設(shè)備的調(diào)試、運(yùn)行。本規(guī)程自發(fā)布之日起開始執(zhí)行。Contents目錄TOC\o"1-3"\uChapterOneOperationregulationsforthegeneratoranditsexcitationsysetm \o"第一篇 發(fā)電機(jī)及其勵(lì)磁系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行規(guī)程"ChapterOneOperationregulationsforthegeneratoranditsexcitationsysetm第一篇發(fā)電機(jī)及其勵(lì)磁系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行規(guī)程1Overview1概述ThegeneratorisQFSN-600-2-22Gtypethree-phase,two-poleandnon-salientpolerotorsynchronousACgeneratordesignedandmanufacturedbyDongfangElectricMachineryCo.,Ltd.Itisdirectlydrivenbytheturbine.Seenfromtheturbineheadtowardsthegenerator,itsrotationdirectionisclockwise.發(fā)電機(jī)為東方電機(jī)股份有限公司設(shè)計(jì)、制造的QFSN-600-2-22G型三相、二極、隱極式轉(zhuǎn)子同步交流發(fā)電機(jī)，由汽輪機(jī)直接驅(qū)動(dòng)，其旋轉(zhuǎn)方向從汽輪機(jī)頭向發(fā)電機(jī)看為順時(shí)針。Thegeneratoradoptsthecoolingmodeof“water-hydrogen-hydrogen”,thatis,thestatorwindinganditsleadingwireandoutgoingwireadoptinternalwatercooling,therotorwindingadoptshydrogencoolingandthestatorcoreandendsadopthydrogensurfacecooling.Hydrogenintheenginebaseiscirculatedinaclosedcycleviaaxialfansonbothendsoftherotor.發(fā)電機(jī)采用“水氫氫”冷卻方式，即：定子線圈及其引線、出線采用水內(nèi)冷，轉(zhuǎn)子繞組采用氫冷，定子鐵芯及端部采用氫氣表面冷卻。機(jī)座內(nèi)的氫氣由轉(zhuǎn)子兩端的軸流式風(fēng)扇進(jìn)行閉式循環(huán)。GeneratorexcitationsystemisselfparallelexcitationstaticsystemItiscomprisedofExcitationTransformer,siliconcontrolledrectifier（SCR),automaticvoltageregulator（AVR),deexcitationandovervoltageprotectiondevice,startexcitationdevice,necessarymonitor,protectionandwarningdevices.ExcitationsystemisprovidedwithasetofAVRcubical,asetoffieldbreakercubicle,asetoffieldflashingDCoutputcubicle,asetofconvertercubicle,asetofACinputcubicleandthreesetofonephasedry-typetransformer.發(fā)電機(jī)勵(lì)磁系統(tǒng)采用自并勵(lì)靜止勵(lì)磁系統(tǒng)。系統(tǒng)主要由機(jī)端勵(lì)磁變壓器、可控硅整流裝置、自動(dòng)電壓調(diào)節(jié)器、滅磁和過電壓保護(hù)裝置、啟勵(lì)裝置、必要的監(jiān)測、保護(hù)、報(bào)警輔助裝置等組成。勵(lì)磁系統(tǒng)包括一面勵(lì)磁調(diào)節(jié)柜、一面磁場開關(guān)柜、一面直流出線柜、三面整流柜、一面交流出線柜和三臺(tái)單相干式變壓器。Theexcitationsystemofferedisofstatictype.Excitationtransformerandstaticrectifierwouldbeassembly.ExcitationtransformeristappedofffromthegeneratorbusducttosupplytheexcitationcurrentACfortheexcitationsystem.Thetwo-channelautomaticexcitationregulatorwithpowersystemstabilizerisalsoprovided.Staticconverterswillhaveenoughstandby.Thenumberofparallelbridgesinthepowerconverterisfive.Incaseoffailureofoneofpowerconverter,itwillpermitcontinuousoperationunderallgeneratoroperatingstatusincludingforcingexcitation.Incaseoffailureoftwoofpowerconverter,itcanprovideratedfieldcurrent.Thesystemwillbecapableofsupplyingthefieldforcingrequirementforatleast30seconds.勵(lì)磁系統(tǒng)為靜態(tài)勵(lì)磁。勵(lì)磁變和靜止勵(lì)磁柜連接。勵(lì)磁變直接從發(fā)電機(jī)出口封閉母線上取交流電源。同時(shí)提供雙通道自動(dòng)勵(lì)磁調(diào)節(jié)器和電力系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定器PSS。靜態(tài)整流器冗余配置，配置5只整流器。一只整流器故障時(shí)，發(fā)電機(jī)可連續(xù)運(yùn)行，滿足強(qiáng)勵(lì)要求。兩只整流橋故障時(shí)，滿足額定運(yùn)行要求。勵(lì)磁系統(tǒng)滿足至少30秒的強(qiáng)勵(lì)需要。2Equipmentspecifications2設(shè)備規(guī)范CapacitiesandKeyParametersoftheGenerator:發(fā)電機(jī)容量和主要參數(shù)：ModelNo.QFSN-600-2-22G型號(hào)QFSN-600-2-22G額定容量706MVARatedoutput(MW)600MW,額定出力（MW）600MWRatedfrequency(Hz)50Hz額定頻率（Hz50HzRatedpowerfactor0.85額定功率因數(shù)0.85Ratedterminalvoltage22kV額定機(jī)端電壓22kVRatedrevolution3000rpm額定轉(zhuǎn)速3000rpmRatedcurrent18524.6A額定電流18524.6ARatedexcitingcurrent4715.64A額定勵(lì)磁電流4715.64AExcitingvoltage429.89V勵(lì)磁電壓429.89VShortcircuitratio(withoutnegativetolerance)≥0.5短路電流比（不計(jì)負(fù)公差）≥0.5Statorwindinginsulation/temperatureriseInsulationClassF定子繞組絕緣/溫升F級(jí)絕緣Rotorwindinginsulation/temperatureriseInsulationClassF轉(zhuǎn)子繞組絕緣/溫升F級(jí)絕緣2.3Coolingsystemofthegenerator發(fā)電機(jī)冷卻系統(tǒng)2.3.1Overview2.3.1概述Thehydrogen-oil-watercontrolsystemoftheturbinegeneratorisanauxiliarysystemofthegenerator.Itincludesthreepartswhicharehydrogencontrolsystem,sealingoilsystemandstatorwindingcoolingwatersystem.汽輪發(fā)電機(jī)氫油水控制系統(tǒng)是發(fā)電機(jī)的輔助系統(tǒng)。它分為三個(gè)部分：即氫氣控制系統(tǒng)，密封油系統(tǒng)和定子線圈冷卻水系統(tǒng)。2.3.2Hydrogencontrolsystem:Itusesdryhydrogenforcoolingtherotorwindingandstatorcoreofgeneratorandreplacesthegasingeneratorbyusingtheintermediatemediumbeforetheunitisstartedoraftertheunitstopsrunning.2.3.2氫氣控制系統(tǒng)：是利用干燥的氫氣對(duì)發(fā)電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)子繞組和定子鐵芯進(jìn)行冷卻；在機(jī)組起動(dòng)前或停止運(yùn)行后利用中間介質(zhì)置換機(jī)內(nèi)氣體。2.3.3Sealingoilsystem(alsoknownassealingpadoilsupplysystem):Itguaranteestheuninterruptedpressureoil(alsoknownassealingoil)supplyrequiredbythesealingpadtoavoidthehydrogeninthesealinggeneratorfromleaking.2.3.3密封油系統(tǒng)（或稱密封瓦供油系統(tǒng)）：用以保證密封瓦所需壓力油（又稱密封油）不間斷地供應(yīng)，以密封發(fā)電機(jī)內(nèi)的氫氣不外泄。2.3.4Statorwindingcoolingwatersystem:Itguaranteestheuninterruptedwatersupplyforstatorwindingandmonitorsmanyparameterssuchaswaterpressure,flowandconductivity.Thesystemisprovidedwithanautomaticwatertemperatureregulatortoregulatecoolingwaterinlettemperatureofthestatorwindingandkeepitbasicallystable.Itisprovidedwithanionexchangertoimprovethequalityofcoolingwaterenteringthestatorwinding.2.3.4定子線圈冷卻水系統(tǒng)：用以保證向定子線圈不間斷地供水。監(jiān)視水壓，流量和電導(dǎo)率等參數(shù)。系統(tǒng)還設(shè)有自動(dòng)水溫調(diào)節(jié)器，以調(diào)節(jié)定子線圈冷卻水進(jìn)水溫度，使之保持基本穩(wěn)定。設(shè)置有離子交換器，用以提高進(jìn)入定子線圈冷卻水的水質(zhì)。2.3.5Operatingparametersofcoolingsystemofthegenerator:2.3.5發(fā)電機(jī)冷卻系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行參數(shù)：Name名稱Unit單位Value數(shù)值Differentialpressurebetweencoolingwaterpressureandhydrogenpressureingenerator冷卻水壓與發(fā)電機(jī)氫壓的壓差MPa0.1—0.2Statorcoolingwaterflow定子冷卻水流量m3/h96Statorcoolingwaterinlettemperature定子冷卻水進(jìn)水溫度℃40-50℃Statorcoolingwateroutlettemperature定子冷卻水出水溫度℃≤85Statorcoolingwaterelectricconductivity定子冷卻水電導(dǎo)率ìs/cm0.5-1.5Statorcoolingwaterpressure定子冷卻水壓力MPa0.1-0.35Numberofhydrogencoolers氫氣冷卻器數(shù)目Piece個(gè)4Hydrogencoolerwaterinletpressure氫氣冷卻器進(jìn)水壓力MPa0.35Hydrogencoolerwaterinlettemperature氫氣冷卻器進(jìn)水溫度℃20-38Hydrogencoolerwaterinlettemperature氫氣冷卻器進(jìn)水溫度℃≤48Hydrogencoolerwaterflow氫氣冷卻器水流量m3/h4×115Ratedhydrogenpressure額定氫壓MPa0.45Maximumhydrogenpressure最高氫壓MPa0.5Coldhydrogentemperature冷氫溫度℃30-50Hothydrogentemperature熱氫溫度℃≤68Hydrogenpurity氫氣純度%≥98Hydrogenhumidity(dewpoint)氫氣濕度(露點(diǎn))℃-5～25Generatorcapacity發(fā)電機(jī)容積m386Generatorhydrogenleakage發(fā)電機(jī)漏氫量m3/24h≤122.4Permissibletemperaturesofvariouspartsofthegenerator2.4發(fā)電機(jī)各部分允許溫度Name名稱Unit單位Value數(shù)值Statorwindingoperationtemperature定子線圈運(yùn)行溫度℃≤120Statorwindingalarmtemperature定子線圈報(bào)警溫度℃Rotorwindingoperationtemperature轉(zhuǎn)子線圈運(yùn)行溫度℃≤115Statorwindingtemperaturedifference定子線圈溫差℃Statorcoreoperationtemperature定子鐵芯運(yùn)行溫度℃≤120Statorcorealarmtemperature定子鐵芯報(bào)警溫度℃Statorterminalstructuretemperature定子端部結(jié)構(gòu)件溫度℃≤1202.5Valuesassociatedwithvibrationofthegenerator發(fā)電機(jī)振動(dòng)相關(guān)數(shù)值BearingbasevibrationvalueattheratedrevolutionUnit單位Normalvalue正常值額定轉(zhuǎn)速軸承座振動(dòng)值Verticalmm≤0.025垂直mm≤0.025Horizontalmm≤0.025水平mm≤0.025Axialmm≤0.025軸向mm≤0.025Axlevibrationvalueattheratedrevolution額定轉(zhuǎn)速軸振動(dòng)值Verticalmm≤0.076垂直mm≤0.076Horizontalmm≤0.075水平mm≤0.0763Operationrulesofthegenerator3發(fā)電機(jī)運(yùn)行規(guī)定3.1Generalrules一般規(guī)定3.1.1Duringnormaloperation,itisimpermissibletooperatethegeneratorwiththevaluesexceedingtheratingsspecifiedinthenameplate.發(fā)電機(jī)在正常運(yùn)行時(shí)，不允許超過銘牌的額定數(shù)據(jù)運(yùn)行。3.1.2Itisimpermissibletooperatethegeneratorwithoutexcitation.發(fā)電機(jī)不允許無勵(lì)磁運(yùn)行。3.1.3Whenthegeneratorisbeingoperatedwiththeratedparameters,themaximumpermissiblemonitoringtemperatureshallbedeterminedonthebasisoftheresultofthetemperaturerisetest.Beforethetemperaturerisetestisperformedonthesite,themaximumpermissiblemonitoringtemperatureshallbelowerthanthepermissiblevaluepermissiblevaluepermissiblevaluespecifiedbythemanufacturer.發(fā)電機(jī)在額定參數(shù)下運(yùn)行，最高允許監(jiān)視溫度應(yīng)根據(jù)溫升試驗(yàn)結(jié)果確定，現(xiàn)場沒有做溫升試驗(yàn)前，最高允許監(jiān)視溫度應(yīng)低于制造廠的規(guī)定允許值。3.1.4Fireworksarestrictlyprohibitedwithin10metersaroundthegeneratorinoperationandwarningsignsshallbeallocatedcompletely.運(yùn)行中的發(fā)電機(jī)周圍10米以內(nèi)嚴(yán)禁煙火作業(yè)，且警告標(biāo)示牌定置齊全。3.1.5Whenthegeneratoranditsexcitationsystemisoperatedwiththeratedvoltage,ratedfrequency,thepowerfactorof0.85andthecoolingwatertemperatureofthedesigntemperature,thegeneratorhastheoperationcapacityofcontinuousoutputof630MWoperatingconditionandtemperaturerisesofallpartsofthegeneratordonotexceedthespecifiedvalues.發(fā)電機(jī)及其勵(lì)磁系統(tǒng)在額定電壓、額定頻率、功率因數(shù)0.85、冷卻水溫度為設(shè)計(jì)溫度時(shí)，發(fā)電機(jī)具備連續(xù)輸出630MW工況的運(yùn)行能力，且發(fā)電機(jī)各部件溫升不超過規(guī)定值Conditionsallowingthegeneratortooutputthemaximumcontinuouspowerof630MW:hydrogenpressureof0.45MPa,waterinlettemperatureofthehydrogencoolerof38℃,wateroutlettemperatureofthehydrogencooler≤48℃,coldhydrogentemperature≤40℃andambienttemperatureintheplant≤30℃.發(fā)電機(jī)允許輸出最大連續(xù)功率630MW的條件：氫壓0.45Mpa；氫冷器進(jìn)水溫度38℃；氫冷器出水溫度≤48℃；冷氫溫度≤40℃；廠內(nèi)環(huán)境溫度≤30℃。3.2Operationruleswhenthevoltage,cyclicwaveandpowerfactorchanges電壓、周波、力率變化時(shí)的運(yùn)行規(guī)定3.2.1發(fā)電機(jī)在額定功率因數(shù)，電壓變化范圍為±5％和頻率變化范圍為-5％到＋3％時(shí)，能連續(xù)輸出額定功率，保證溫升不超過規(guī)定的限值10K以上.3.2.2Whenthevoltageofthegeneratordropsbelow95%oftheratedone,thepermissiblecurrentofthestatorduringthelong-timeoperationshallnotexceed105%oftheratedone.當(dāng)發(fā)電機(jī)的電壓下降到低于額定值的95%時(shí)，定子允許長時(shí)間運(yùn)行的電流不得超過額定值的105%。3.2.3Usuallytheoperatingfrequencyofgeneratorshallremain50Hz.Thegeneratorcanoperatecontinuouswithintherangefrom47.5to50.5Hz.Seethefrequencyvariationandpermissibleoperationtimeinthefollowingtable:3.2.3發(fā)電機(jī)的運(yùn)行頻率正常應(yīng)維持在50Hz，在47.5-50.5Hz范圍內(nèi)，可連續(xù)運(yùn)行。頻率變化及其允許運(yùn)行時(shí)間見下表：Output輸出Powerfactor功率因數(shù)Voltagevariation電壓變化Frequencyvariation頻率變化Overallvariationofvoltagefrequency電壓頻率綜合變化Hydrogencoolerwaterinlettemperature氫氣冷卻器進(jìn)水溫度Hydrogenpressure氫氣壓力Temperaturerise溫升Ratedoutput:額定輸出0.85(lagging)0.85（滯后）±5%±2%5%38deg.C0.45MPaBGradeB級(jí)Ratedoutput:額定輸出0.85(lagging)0.85（滯后）±5%-5~3%5%38deg.C0.45MPaFGradeF級(jí)Ratedoutput:額定輸出0.85(lagging)~0.95(leading)0.85（滯后）~0.95（超前）±5%±2%5%38deg.C0.45MPaBGrade+10KB級(jí)+10KRatedoutput:額定輸出0.85(lagging)~0.95(leading)0.85（滯后）~0.95（超前）±5%-5~3%5%38deg.C0.45MPaBGrade+10K(continuousrunning)B級(jí)+10K（持續(xù)運(yùn)行）VWOworkingconditionVWO工況0.85(lagging)0.85（滯后）±5%±2%5%38deg.C0.45MPaFGradeF級(jí)≥0.9(lagging)不小于0.9（滯后）±5%-5~3%5%38deg.C0.45MPaFGrade(theoperationtimeadaptstotherunningstatusofsteamturbineundertheVWOoperatingcondition)F級(jí)（運(yùn)行時(shí)間與VWO工況下汽輪機(jī)的運(yùn)行情況相適應(yīng)）3.2.4Thepowerfactorofthegeneratorshallbethelaggingphaseof0.85andgenerally,notexceed0.95.Whentheautomaticexcitationregulatorisputintouse,itispermissibletooperatewithintherangeof0.95-1.0.發(fā)電機(jī)的功率因數(shù)保持遲相0.85，一般不超過遲相0.95。自動(dòng)勵(lì)磁調(diào)節(jié)器投入時(shí)，允許在0.95～1.0范圍內(nèi)運(yùn)行。3.2.5Thegeneratorcanbeoperatedbyreducingthepowerfactor.However,therotorcurrentexceedingtheratedoneisimpermissibleandtheapparentpowershallbereduced.Whenthepowerfactorisincreased,theapparentpowerofthegeneratorshallnotbemorethantheratedone.Whenthepowerfactorischanged,thepermissibleloadshallconformtotheoutputcurveofthegenerator.發(fā)電機(jī)可以降低功率因數(shù)運(yùn)行，但轉(zhuǎn)子電流不允許超過額定值，且視在功率應(yīng)減少，當(dāng)功率因數(shù)增大時(shí)，發(fā)電機(jī)視在功率不能大于額定值，功率因數(shù)變化時(shí)允許負(fù)荷應(yīng)符合發(fā)電機(jī)出力曲線。3.2.6Thepermissiblerangeoftheleadingphaseoperationofthegeneratormainlyislimitedbytwofactors:staticstabilityofthegeneratorandheatingoftheendstructureofthestatorcore.Itispermissibletooperatethisgeneratorcontinuouslyattheratedvalueoftheactivepowerandthepowerfactorof0.95(advance)(statorcurrent≤18524.6A).發(fā)電機(jī)進(jìn)相運(yùn)行的允許范圍，主要受發(fā)電機(jī)靜態(tài)穩(wěn)定和定子鐵芯端部結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)熱兩個(gè)因素限制，本發(fā)電機(jī)允許在有功功率的額定值，功率因數(shù)為0.95(超前)的情況下持續(xù)運(yùn)行(定子電流≤18524.6A)。3.2.7發(fā)電機(jī)具有失磁異步運(yùn)行能力，但東電不推薦失磁異步運(yùn)行。3.2.8Normally,thestatorcurrentofthegeneratorshallbesameinthreephases.Undercontinuouslyunbalancedloading,thecurrentdifference(I2)betweenphasesshallnotexceed10%oftheratedvalue(IN)andthecurrentinthelargestphaseshallnotexceedtheratedvalue.Underunbalancedloadinginashorttime,(I2/IN)2t≤10seconds.發(fā)電機(jī)定子電流正常三相應(yīng)相同，在持續(xù)不平衡負(fù)荷時(shí)，各相電流之差(I2)，不得超過額定值(IN)的10％，且最大一相的電流不得超過額定值。在短時(shí)不平衡負(fù)荷時(shí)，(I2/IN)2t≤10秒。3.3Operationrulesduringshort-timeoverloadofthegenerator發(fā)電機(jī)短時(shí)過負(fù)荷運(yùn)行規(guī)定3.3.1Incasethatthesystemisfailed,toensurethestabilityofthesystem,itispermissibletooperatethegeneratorwiththestatoroverloadandtherotorover-currentforashorttime.However,hydrogenparametersofthegenerator,internalwatercoolingparametersofthestatorwindingandthestatorvoltageshallbetheratedones.在系統(tǒng)故障的情況下，為保證系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性，發(fā)電機(jī)允許定子短時(shí)過負(fù)荷、轉(zhuǎn)子短時(shí)過電流運(yùn)行，但此時(shí)發(fā)電機(jī)的氫氣參數(shù)，定子繞組水內(nèi)冷參數(shù)，定子電壓均應(yīng)保持在額定值。3.3.2S發(fā)電機(jī)具有一定的短時(shí)過負(fù)荷能力，能承受1.5倍的額定定子電流歷時(shí)30秒，而不發(fā)生有害變形及接頭開焊等情況。發(fā)電機(jī)允許過電流時(shí)間與過電流倍數(shù)按以下公式計(jì)算：（I2－1）t＝37.5s3.3.3Short-timeovercurrentcapacityoftheexcitationwinding(twiceshallnotbeexceededeveryyear)勵(lì)磁繞組短時(shí)過電流能力(每年不超過2次)Time(second)103060120Overcurrentmultiple2.081.461.251.12時(shí)間(秒)103060120過電流倍數(shù)2.081.461.251.12Itcanalsobedeterminedviathefollowingformula:(I2-1)t=37.5where:I–overcurrentmultiple,t–overcurrenttime(unit:second)也可按下式確定：(I2-1)t=37.5其中：I--過電流倍數(shù)t--過電流時(shí)間(單位：秒)3.4Rulesoncoolingmedia冷卻介質(zhì)的規(guī)定3.4.1Normally,inletpressureofstatorcoolingwateris0.1–0.3Mpa.定冷水進(jìn)水壓力正常為：0.1～0.3Mpa。3.4.2Normally,inlettemperatureofstatorcoolingwateris45±3℃.Whenitishigherthan48℃orlowerthan42℃,thesystemwillalarm.定冷水進(jìn)水溫度正常為：45±5℃；當(dāng)高于50℃或低于40℃時(shí)報(bào)警。3.4.3Theratedflowofstatorcoolingwateris45t/h.Itispermissibletooperatethegeneratoronlyfor30secondswhencoolingwateriscutoffundertheratedload.Ifstatorcoolingwatercannotberecoveredafter30seconds,thegeneratorshallbesplitandtheterminalvoltageshallbereducedtozero.I定冷水額定流量為96t/h。在額定負(fù)荷下發(fā)生斷水，只允許運(yùn)行30秒；30秒后定冷水仍不能恢復(fù)，則應(yīng)解列發(fā)電機(jī)，并降機(jī)端電壓為零。3.4.4Intheconditionsofvariousloads,hydrogenpressureshallbeintherangeof0.3±0.02MPa.Duringnormaloperation,itisimpermissibletooperatethegeneratorbyreducingthehydrogenpressure.Whenitisnecessarytooperatethegeneratorbyreducingthehydrogenpressureinspecialconditions,loadshallbecontrolledaccordingtothetablebelowbasedontheoutputdiagramofthegenerator(cosφ=0.85),theminimumhydrogenpressureshallbe0.1Mpaandstatorcoolingwaterpressureandhydrogencoolercoolingwaterpressuremustbeatleast0.04Mpalowerthanthehydrogenpressure.Andthegeneratorshallbeinspectedcompletelyimmediatelytofindcauses,eliminatethefailureandrecoverthehydrogenpressuretonormalassoonaspossible.Ifalotofhydrogenisfoundinthestatorcoolingwatersystem,thegeneratorshallbeshutdownandinspectedimmediately.在各種負(fù)荷條件下，氫氣壓力都應(yīng)維持在0.45MPa范圍內(nèi)。發(fā)電機(jī)正常運(yùn)行時(shí)，不允許降低氫壓運(yùn)行。特殊情況下需降低氫壓運(yùn)行時(shí)，應(yīng)遵循發(fā)電機(jī)出力圖按下表控制負(fù)荷(cosφ=0.85)，且最低氫壓為0.1Mpa，定冷水壓及氫冷器冷卻水壓必須低于氫氣壓力至少0.04Mpa。并立即全面檢查發(fā)電機(jī)，查明原因，消除故障，盡快使氫壓恢復(fù)正常；若在定冷水系統(tǒng)中發(fā)現(xiàn)大量氫氣，應(yīng)立即停機(jī)檢查。3.4.5Intheconditionsofvariousloads,coldhydrogentemperatureshallbeintherangeof30-46℃.Normally,hothydrogentemperatureshallbe≤65℃.Whenthecoldhydrogentemperatureofthegeneratoristheratedvalue,itsloadshallnotbehigherthan1.1timesoftheratedvalue.Whenthecoldhydrogentemperatureishigherthan46℃,thestatorcurrentshallbereducedby2%whenthetemperatureisraisedby1℃.Whenthecoldhydrogentemperatureexceeds50℃,itisimpermissibletooperatethegenerator.在各種負(fù)荷條件下，冷氫溫度都應(yīng)維持在30～46℃范圍內(nèi)。熱氫溫度正常≤68℃。發(fā)電機(jī)冷氫溫度為額定值時(shí)，其負(fù)荷不應(yīng)高于額定值的1.1倍；當(dāng)冷氫溫度高于46℃時(shí)，每升高1℃定子電流應(yīng)降低2%；冷氫溫度超過50℃時(shí)，不允許發(fā)電機(jī)運(yùn)行。3.4.6Duringnormaloperationofthegenerator,fourhydrogencoolersshallbeputintouse.Waterflowandpressureofeveryhydrogencoolershallbebalancedandshallnotbetoolarge.Whenthecoolingwaterinlettemperaturedoesnotexceed38℃,coldhydrogentemperatureshallnotexceed50℃.Whenonecoolerisoutofservice,thegeneratorstillcanbeoperatedcontinuouslywith70%oftheratedpowerwiththetemperaturerisenotexceedingthepermissibleone.Intheconditionthatcoldhydrogendoesnotexceed50℃when10%ofthepipelineforeveryhydrogencoolerisblatchedandcoolingwaterinlettemperaturedoesnotexceed38℃,thegeneratorstillcanbeoperatedcontinuouslywith70%ofthemaximumcontinuouspower.發(fā)電機(jī)正常運(yùn)行時(shí)，應(yīng)投入四臺(tái)氫氣冷卻器；每個(gè)氫冷器的水流量及壓力應(yīng)均衡，且不宜太大；在冷卻水進(jìn)水溫度不超過38℃時(shí)，冷氫溫度不超過50℃。當(dāng)1只冷卻器停用時(shí)，發(fā)電機(jī)仍能承擔(dān)70%額定功率連續(xù)運(yùn)行，不會(huì)超過允許溫升；在每只氫冷器10％管道堵塞時(shí)，在冷卻水進(jìn)水溫度不超過38℃時(shí)，冷氫溫度不超過50℃的情況下，發(fā)電機(jī)仍能承擔(dān)70%最大連續(xù)功率連續(xù)運(yùn)行。3.4.7Inspecttheinternalhumidityatanytimetomaintaintheinternalhydrogenhumidity≤-5-25g/m3。隨時(shí)檢查機(jī)內(nèi)濕度，保持機(jī)內(nèi)氫氣濕度≤-5～25g/m3。(以實(shí)際不結(jié)露為準(zhǔn))3.4.8Inspecttheinternalhydrogenpurityregularly.Ifthepurityisreducedto96%,dischargecontaminationandaddhydrogen.Theamountofeveryreplacementshallnotexceed10%ofthetotalhydrogenamount.定期檢查機(jī)內(nèi)氫氣純度。若機(jī)內(nèi)氫氣純度降到了96%，應(yīng)排污補(bǔ)氫；每次置換的氫氣量不應(yīng)超過10%的氫氣總量。3.4.9Statorcoolingwaterinlettemperatureshallbeatleast2–5℃higherthancoldhydrogentemperature.定冷水進(jìn)水溫度應(yīng)高于冷氫溫度至少2～5℃。3.4.10Inanycase,statorcoolingwaterpressureandhydrogencoolercoolingwaterpressureshallbeatleast0.04Mpalowerthanhydrogenpressure.任何情況下，定冷水壓及氫冷器冷卻水壓應(yīng)低于氫氣壓力至少0.04Mpa。3.4.11Sealoilpressureshallbe0.056±0.02Mpahigherthanhydrogenpressure.密封油壓應(yīng)高于氫氣壓力0.056±0.02Mpa。3.5Rulesonbearingvibrationandtemperature軸承振動(dòng)和溫度的規(guī)定3.5.1Thepermissiblevalueofthebearingbaseinthedirectionoftwocoordinates(doubleamplitude)shallbenotmorethan0.025mm(guaranteevalue)andbenotmorethan0.10mmbeyondthecriticalspeed.Thepermissiblevalueoftherelativedisplacementoftheshaftvibration(doubleamplitude)shallbelessthan0.076mmandlessthan0.15mmbeyondthecriticalspeed.軸承座在二個(gè)座標(biāo)方向的允許值（雙倍振幅）為不大于0.025毫米（保證值），過臨界轉(zhuǎn)速時(shí)不大于0.10毫米。軸振振動(dòng)相對(duì)位移允許值（雙倍振幅）為小于0.076毫米，過臨界轉(zhuǎn)速小于0.15毫米。Duringnormaloperationofthegenerator,whentheshaftvibrationis≥0.125mm,thegeneratoralarmsandwhenitis≥0.254,thegeneratorshallbesplit.發(fā)電機(jī)正常運(yùn)行過程中，軸振≥0.125mm報(bào)警，≥0.254mm解列。Duringnormaloperationofthegenerator,thebearingvibrationshallbe≤0.025mm.發(fā)電機(jī)正常運(yùn)行時(shí)，軸承振動(dòng)應(yīng)≤0.025mm。3.5.2Duringnormaloperationofthegenerator,bearingoilinlettemperatureshallbe35-45℃,oiloutlettemperature<70℃andbushtemperature<105℃.發(fā)電機(jī)正常運(yùn)行時(shí)，軸承進(jìn)油溫度應(yīng)在35～45℃之間，出油溫度應(yīng)<70℃，軸瓦溫度應(yīng)<105℃。3.6Rulesoninsulationresistanceofthegenerator發(fā)電機(jī)絕緣電阻的規(guī)定3.6.1Theinsulationresistanceagainstgroundandbetweenphasesofthestatorwinding(withoutwater,dryandclosetotheworkingtemperature)shallbe≥5MΩ(2500Vmegohmmeter).定子繞組(無存水、干燥、接近工作溫度時(shí))，其對(duì)地和相間絕緣電阻≥5MΩ(2500V兆歐表)。3.6.2Theinsulationresistanceoftherotorwinding(coldstate20℃andthedeexcitationswitchshallbedisconnected)shallbe≥1MΩ(500Vmegohmmeter).轉(zhuǎn)子繞組(冷態(tài)20℃，應(yīng)斷開滅磁開關(guān))，絕緣電阻≥1MΩ(500V兆歐表)。3.6.3Itisprohibitedtomeasuretheinsulationresistancebetweenpositiveandnegativeelectrodesoftheexcitationsystemwiththemegohmmetersoastopreventreversebreakdownoftherectifiertube.禁止用兆歐表測勵(lì)磁系統(tǒng)的正負(fù)極間絕緣電阻，以防整流管反向擊穿。3.6.4Theinsulationresistanceofthethermometricelement(coldstate20℃)shallbe≥1MΩ(250Vmegohmmeter).測溫元件(冷態(tài)20℃)，絕緣電阻≥1MΩ(250V兆歐表)。3.6.5Theinsulationresistanceofthestatormanifoldandoutgoinglinewaterinletpipeshallbe≥100KΩwithoutwaterandbe≥30KΩwithwatersupplied(1000Vmegohmmeteroruniversalmeter).定子匯流管及出線進(jìn)水管，無存水時(shí)≥100KΩ，通水時(shí)≥30KΩ(1000V兆歐表或萬用表)。3.6.6Theinsulationresistanceoftheexcitation-endbearingandoilsealingagainstgroundshallbe≥1MΩ(1000Vmegohmmeter).勵(lì)端軸承、油密封對(duì)地絕緣電阻≥1MΩ(1000V兆歐表)。3.6.7Insulationresistanceofvariouspartsshallbemeasuredpriortostartupofthegeneratorafterrepairandoverhaul.大小修后的發(fā)電機(jī)，在啟動(dòng)前應(yīng)測量各部絕緣。3.6.8Resultsfromeverymeasurementshallberecordedintheinsulationresistancelogbookandbereportedtotheshiftsupervisor.每次所測結(jié)果應(yīng)記入絕緣電阻記錄簿內(nèi)，并匯報(bào)值長。3.6.9Ifsomeinsulationresistancevalueisnotcoincidentwiththespecifiedvalue,measuresshallbetakentorecoverit.Ifitcannotberecovered,itsoperationinputshallbeapprovedbythechiefengineer.若某絕緣電阻值不符合規(guī)定值，應(yīng)采取措施恢復(fù)；一時(shí)恢復(fù)不了，能否投入運(yùn)行應(yīng)經(jīng)總工批準(zhǔn)。3.7Operationrulesoftheexcitationsystem勵(lì)磁系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行規(guī)定3.7.1Theexcitationequipmentshallberemotecontrolledinnormalconditionsandcanbeoperatedlocallyfordebugging,testingoremergencycontrol.正常情況下勵(lì)磁裝置應(yīng)遠(yuǎn)控操作；調(diào)試、試驗(yàn)或緊急控制時(shí)可就地操作?！?.9(lagging)不小于0.9（滯后）±5%-5~3%5%38deg.C0.45MPaFGrade(theoperationtimeadaptstotherunningstatusofsteamturbineundertheVWOoperatingcondition)F級(jí)（運(yùn)行時(shí)間與VWO工況下汽輪機(jī)的運(yùn)行情況相適應(yīng)）3.7.2UseadigitalmicrocomputerbasedAVRwhichhasreliableperformanceaswellashardinterfaceandcommunicationinterface(thetypeistobedetermined)withDCS.IthastwomasterredundantcontrollersAandBwhicharecompletelyindependentinrespectofsignalinputandsignaloutputandrespectivelyacceptsemaphoresfromthePTandCTsecondarysides.Whenonechannelbreaksdown,itcanswitchtoanotherchannelautomaticallyandtriggerpulsewithnondisturbancetocontrolthesiliconcontrolledrectifierdirectly.Whentheworkingsystembreaksdown,itcanswitchtothestandbysystemautomatically.Eachmastercontrolleralsohasthemanualexcitationcontrolfunctionwhichissubjecttoautomatictracking.3.7.2AVR采用數(shù)字微機(jī)型，其性能可靠，并具有與DCS的硬接口和通信接口（型式待定）。它有2個(gè)冗余主控制器A和B，兩個(gè)主控制器從信號(hào)輸入到信號(hào)輸出完全相互獨(dú)立，分別接受來自不同的PT和CT二次側(cè)的信號(hào)量，一通道故障時(shí)自動(dòng)切換為另一通道且無擾動(dòng)觸發(fā)脈沖直接控制可控硅整流器。當(dāng)工作系統(tǒng)故障時(shí)，將自動(dòng)切換至備用系統(tǒng)。每個(gè)主控制器還包含手動(dòng)勵(lì)磁控制功能，手動(dòng)勵(lì)磁控制功能具備自動(dòng)跟蹤功能。AVRhasthefollowingoperationmodes:AVR具有下列運(yùn)行方式：--Constantvoltageoperationatthecomputerterminal--機(jī)端恒壓運(yùn)行--Constantexcitingcurrentoperation--恒勵(lì)磁電流運(yùn)行--Constantreactivepoweroperation--恒無功功率運(yùn)行--Constantoperation--恒功率因數(shù)運(yùn)行--No-loadtrackingnetworkvoltageoperation--空載跟蹤網(wǎng)壓運(yùn)行3.7.3Intheautomaticmodeoftheexcitationsystem,regulatethegeneratorvoltageautomatically.Inthemanualmode,automaticallymaintainconstantexcitationofthegenerator(fieldcurrent).Itisnecessarytoregulatemanuallytheexcitation(thegivenvalueofthefieldcurrent)basedontheloadchangesoastokeepthegeneratorvoltageconstant.Thenon-operatingregulationmodealwaysfollowstheoperatingregulationmodeanddifferentoperatingmodescanbeswitched.Whenthemanualmodeisfailed,latchtheautomatictomanualswitching.Whentheoperationconditionsexceedtheoperationrangeallowedinthemanualmode,themanualregulatorshalllatchthetrackingofthemanualchannel.Inordertoavoidthemanualmodefrombeingswitchedtothefailurestatewhenthefailureisremoved,delaytrackingshallbeadopted.勵(lì)磁系統(tǒng)自動(dòng)方式下，自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)發(fā)電機(jī)電壓。手動(dòng)方式下，自動(dòng)維持發(fā)電機(jī)恒定勵(lì)磁(磁場電流)；需人為根據(jù)負(fù)荷變化，來調(diào)整勵(lì)磁(磁場電流的給定值)，以維持發(fā)電機(jī)電壓恒定。非運(yùn)行調(diào)節(jié)方式總是跟隨運(yùn)行調(diào)節(jié)方式，可在不同的運(yùn)行方式之間進(jìn)行切換。手動(dòng)方式發(fā)生故障，閉鎖自動(dòng)到手動(dòng)的切換；當(dāng)工況超出手動(dòng)方式允許的運(yùn)行范圍，手動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)器閉鎖手動(dòng)通道的跟蹤。為避免故障切除時(shí)手動(dòng)方式切換到故障狀態(tài)，采用延時(shí)跟蹤。3.7.4Intheautomaticmode,thegivenvalueofthegeneratorvoltageshallbeadjustedviatheexcitationincrease/decreaseorders.Whenthelimiteracts,stoptheactionoftheexcitationincrease/decreaseordersinthelimitationdirection.Inthemanualmode,thegivenvalueoftheexcitationcurrentshallbeadjustedviatheexcitationincrease/decreaseorders.ThemanualmodeonlyhaslowexcitationlimitationandV/Hzlimitation.Theexcitationincrease/decreaseordersarenotalwaysprotectedbythelimiter.So,itmustbeadjustedmanuallytopreventoverride.自動(dòng)方式下，發(fā)電機(jī)電壓的給定值由增磁/減磁命令來調(diào)整；當(dāng)限制器動(dòng)作，在限制方向上阻止增磁/減磁命令的作用。手動(dòng)方式下，勵(lì)磁電流給定值由增磁/減磁命令來調(diào)整；手動(dòng)方式只有低勵(lì)限制和V/Hz限制，增磁/減磁命令不是總能受到限制器的保護(hù)，必須人為調(diào)整不越限。3.7.5Prerequisitesofexcitationstart:theexcitationswitchintheengagedposition,withoutdisengageorderandtrippingsignal,thespeedofthegeneratormorethan90%oftheratedvalueandwithexcitationpowersupply.完成起勵(lì)的前提條件：勵(lì)磁開關(guān)在合位；無分閘命令和跳閘信號(hào)；發(fā)電機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速大于90%額定值；有起勵(lì)電源。3.7.6Aftertworegulatorsarefailed,therectifiercabinetshallbeswitchedtothe“manual”modetomaintainthegeneratorvoltagenormal.兩套調(diào)節(jié)器故障后，應(yīng)將整流柜切到“手動(dòng)”方式運(yùn)行，維持發(fā)電機(jī)電壓正常。3.7.7The“manual”modeoftheregulatorisnotthenormaloperationmode,soitshallbereportedtotheshiftsupervisorandthechiefengineerforquickdisposal.調(diào)節(jié)器“手動(dòng)”方式為非正常運(yùn)行方式，應(yīng)匯報(bào)值長、總工，盡快處理。3.7.8Whentheexcitationsystemisfailed,theexcitationregulatorwillquitoperationautomaticallyandtheexcitationswitchwillbedisconnected.勵(lì)磁系統(tǒng)故障，勵(lì)磁調(diào)節(jié)器將自動(dòng)退出運(yùn)行，同時(shí)勵(lì)磁開關(guān)斷開。4Monitoring,inspectionandmaintenanceduringtheoperationofthegenerator4發(fā)電機(jī)運(yùn)行中的監(jiān)視、檢查及維護(hù)4.1Monitoringduringtheoperationofthegenerator發(fā)電機(jī)運(yùn)行中的監(jiān)視4.1.1Duringtheoperationofthegenerator,allmetersshallbestrictlymonitoredtoensurecorrectindicationandallparametersnotexceedingthespecifiedvaluesandtheoperationconditionsshallbeanalyzedcarefully.發(fā)電機(jī)運(yùn)行中應(yīng)嚴(yán)格監(jiān)視各表計(jì)指示正確，各參數(shù)不超過規(guī)定值；并認(rèn)真分析運(yùn)行工況。4.1.2Theparametersofthegeneratorunderoperationinvariousoperationconditionsshallberecordedeveryhouraccordingtotherulesandcomparedwiththeprintedreport.Ifanydifferenceoccurs,theanalysisshallbeconductedtofindcauses.Ifindividualparametersarefoundabnormal,monitoringonthispointcanbeintensifiedbasedonthespecificconditionsandmeterreadingintervalscanbeshortened.Thisshallbereportedtotheshiftsupervisorandnoticedtotheexaminationandmaintenancepersonnel.每小時(shí)應(yīng)按規(guī)定抄錄運(yùn)行發(fā)電機(jī)各工況參數(shù)，并與打印報(bào)表對(duì)照。若有差異，應(yīng)分析原因；若發(fā)現(xiàn)個(gè)別參數(shù)異常，可根據(jù)具體情況加強(qiáng)對(duì)該點(diǎn)的監(jiān)視，縮短抄表時(shí)間，并匯報(bào)值長，通知檢修。4.1.3Duringactiveandreactiveadjustmentofthegenerator,attentionshallbepaidtochangesofvariousparameters.在進(jìn)行發(fā)電機(jī)有功、無功調(diào)整時(shí)，應(yīng)注意各參數(shù)變化情況。4.1.4Maketheoverallmonitoring,reportimmediatelyifanyabnormallyisfoundandadjustasnecessary.全面監(jiān)視，發(fā)現(xiàn)異常及時(shí)匯報(bào)，并做必要的調(diào)整。4.1.5Maketheaccidentanticipationinvariousoperationconditions.做好各種工況下的事故預(yù)想4.2Inspectionduringtheoperationofthegenerator發(fā)電機(jī)運(yùn)行中的檢查4.2.1Inspectionofthecentralcontrolroomandthedistributionroom集控室和配電室的檢查Indicationsofallmetersshallnotexceedthepermissiblevaluesandcorrelationshallbecorrect.各表計(jì)的指示不應(yīng)超過允許值，相互關(guān)系應(yīng)正確。Positionfeedbackofallknifeswitchesandswitchesshallbeconsistentwiththepositionsindicatedactuallyandcorrect.各刀閘及開關(guān)位置反饋與實(shí)際指示位置應(yīng)相符并且正確。Indicationsofthree-phasevoltmeterandammetershallbebalanced.三相電壓、電流表指示應(yīng)平衡。Audibleandvisualalarmshallworkwithoutanomaly.聲光報(bào)警無異常。Relaysandautomaticdevicesshallbenormalwithoutoverheatingandfuming.繼電器和自動(dòng)裝置應(yīng)正常，無過熱冒煙現(xiàn)象。Alllightsignalsshallindicatenormally.各燈光信號(hào)指示正常。TheDCsystemshalloperatenormally.直流系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行正常。Theregulatorsshalloperatenorma